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Tam EH, Peng Y, Cheah MXY, Yan C, Xiao T. Neutralizing antibodies to block viral entry and for identification of entry inhibitors. Antiviral Res 2024; 224:105834. [PMID: 38369246 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) are naturally produced by our immune system to combat viral infections. Clinically, neutralizing antibodies with potent efficacy and high specificity have been extensively used to prevent and treat a wide variety of viral infections, including Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Dengue Virus (DENV) and Hepatitis B Virus (HBV). An overwhelmingly large subset of clinically effective NAbs operates by targeting viral envelope proteins to inhibit viral entry into the host cell. Binding of viral envelope protein to the host receptor is a critical rate limiting step triggering a cascade of downstream events, including endocytosis, membrane fusion and pore formation to allow viral entry. In recent years, improved structural knowledge on these processes have allowed researchers to also leverage NAbs as an indispensable tool in guiding discovery of novel antiviral entry inhibitors, providing drug candidates with high efficacy and pan-genus specificity. This review will summarize the latest progresses on the applications of NAbs as effective entry inhibitors and as important tools to develop antiviral therapeutics by high-throughput drug screenings, rational design of peptidic entry inhibitor mimicking NAbs and in silico computational modeling approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ee Hong Tam
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University 637551, Singapore; Institute of Structural Biology, Nanyang Technological University 636921, Singapore
| | - Yu Peng
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University 637551, Singapore; Institute of Structural Biology, Nanyang Technological University 636921, Singapore
| | - Megan Xin Yan Cheah
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR (Agency of Science, Technology and Research) 138673, Singapore
| | - Chuan Yan
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR (Agency of Science, Technology and Research) 138673, Singapore
| | - Tianshu Xiao
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University 637551, Singapore; Institute of Structural Biology, Nanyang Technological University 636921, Singapore.
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2
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Feng J, Gong Y, Li Q, Yang C, An Y, Wu L. In Situ Detection of Nucleic Acids in Extracellular Vesicles via Membrane Fusion. Chemistry 2024:e202304111. [PMID: 38486422 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) carry diverse biomolecules (e. g., nucleic acids, proteins) for intercellular communication, serving as important markers for diseases. Analyzing nucleic acids derived from EVs enables non-invasive disease diagnosis and prognosis evaluation. Membrane fusion, a fundamental cellular process wherein two lipid membranes merge, facilitates cell communication and cargo transport. Building on this natural phenomenon, recent years have witnessed the emergence of membrane fusion-based strategies for the detection of nucleic acids within EVs. These strategies entail the encapsulation of detection probes within either artificial or natural vesicles, followed by the induction of membrane fusion with EVs to deliver probes. This innovative approach not only enables in situ detection of nucleic acids within EVs but also ensures the maintenance of structural integrity of EVs, thus preventing nucleic acid degradation and minimizing the interference from free nucleic acids. This concept categorizes approaches into universal and targeted membrane fusion strategies, and discusses their application potential, and challenges and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhou Feng
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Yanli Gong
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, P. R. China
| | - Chaoyong Yang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, P. R. China
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Yu An
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Lingling Wu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
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3
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Pays E. The Janus-faced functions of Apolipoproteins L in membrane dynamics. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:134. [PMID: 38478101 PMCID: PMC10937811 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05180-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
The functions of human Apolipoproteins L (APOLs) are poorly understood, but involve diverse activities like lysis of bloodstream trypanosomes and intracellular bacteria, modulation of viral infection and induction of apoptosis, autophagy, and chronic kidney disease. Based on recent work, I propose that the basic function of APOLs is the control of membrane dynamics, at least in the Golgi and mitochondrion. Together with neuronal calcium sensor-1 (NCS1) and calneuron-1 (CALN1), APOL3 controls the activity of phosphatidylinositol-4-kinase-IIIB (PI4KB), involved in both Golgi and mitochondrion membrane fission. Whereas secreted APOL1 induces African trypanosome lysis through membrane permeabilization of the parasite mitochondrion, intracellular APOL1 conditions non-muscular myosin-2A (NM2A)-mediated transfer of PI4KB and APOL3 from the Golgi to the mitochondrion under conditions interfering with PI4KB-APOL3 interaction, such as APOL1 C-terminal variant expression or virus-induced inflammatory signalling. APOL3 controls mitophagy through complementary interactions with the membrane fission factor PI4KB and the membrane fusion factor vesicle-associated membrane protein-8 (VAMP8). In mice, the basic APOL1 and APOL3 activities could be exerted by mAPOL9 and mAPOL8, respectively. Perspectives regarding the mechanism and treatment of APOL1-related kidney disease are discussed, as well as speculations on additional APOLs functions, such as APOL6 involvement in adipocyte membrane dynamics through interaction with myosin-10 (MYH10).
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Pays
- Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology, IBMM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 6041, Gosselies, Belgium.
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4
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Ballesteros U, Iriondo MN, Varela YR, Goñi FM, Alonso A, Montes LR, Etxaniz A. The N-terminal region of the ATG8 autophagy protein LC3C is essential for its membrane fusion properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:129835. [PMID: 38302024 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy is a catabolic process in which a double-membrane organelle, the autophagosome (AP), engulfs cellular components that will be degraded in the lysosomes. ATG8 protein family members participate at various stages of AP formation. The present study compares the capacity to induce lipid-vesicle tethering and fusion of two ATG8 family members, LC3B and LC3C, with model membranes. LC3B is the most thoroughly studied ATG8 protein. It is generally considered as an autophagosomal marker and a canonical representative of the LC3 subfamily. LC3C is less studied, but recent data have reported its implication in various processes, crucial to cellular homeostasis. The results in this paper show that LC3C induces higher levels of tethering and of intervesicular lipid mixing than LC3B. As the N-terminus of LC3C is different from that of the other family members, various mutants of the N-terminal region of both LC3B and LC3C were designed, and their activities compared. It was concluded that the N-terminal region of LC3C was responsible for the enhanced vesicle tethering, membrane perturbation and vesicle-vesicle fusion activities of LC3C as compared to LC3B. The results suggest a specialized function of LC3C in the AP expansion process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uxue Ballesteros
- Department of Biochemistry and Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Marina N Iriondo
- Department of Biochemistry and Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Yaiza R Varela
- Department of Biochemistry and Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Félix M Goñi
- Department of Biochemistry and Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Alicia Alonso
- Department of Biochemistry and Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - L Ruth Montes
- Department of Biochemistry and Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain.
| | - Asier Etxaniz
- Department of Biochemistry and Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain.
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5
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Liu HY, Hu Y, Yu C, Wang ZG, Liu SL, Pang DW. Quantitative single-virus tracking for revealing the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 fusion with plasma membrane. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024; 69:502-511. [PMID: 37993331 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Viral envelope fusion with the host plasma membrane (PM) for genome release is a hallmark step in the life cycle of many enveloped viruses. This process is regulated by a complex network of biomolecules on the PM, but robust tools to precisely elucidate the dynamic mechanisms of virus-PM fusion events are still lacking. Here, we developed a quantitative single-virus tracking approach based on highly efficient dual-color labelling of viruses and batch trajectory analysis to achieve the spatiotemporal quantification of fusion events. This approach allows us to comprehensively analyze the membrane fusion mechanism utilized by pseudotyped severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) at the single-virus level and precisely elucidate how the relevant biomolecules synergistically regulate the fusion process. Our results revealed that SARS-CoV-2 may promote the formation of supersaturated clusters of cholesterol to facilitate the initiation of the membrane fusion process and accelerate the viral genome release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yusi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Cong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shu-Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Dai-Wen Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China.
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6
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Cai Q, Sun N, Zhang Y, Wang J, Pan C, Chen Y, Li L, Li X, Liu W, Aliyari SR, Yang H, Cheng G. Interferon-stimulated gene PVRL4 broadly suppresses viral entry by inhibiting viral-cellular membrane fusion. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:23. [PMID: 38368366 PMCID: PMC10873969 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01202-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Viral infection elicits the type I interferon (IFN-I) response in host cells and subsequently inhibits viral infection through inducing hundreds of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) that counteract many steps in the virus life cycle. However, most of ISGs have unclear functions and mechanisms in viral infection. Thus, more work is required to elucidate the role and mechanisms of individual ISGs against different types of viruses. RESULTS Herein, we demonstrate that poliovirus receptor-like protein4 (PVRL4) is an ISG strongly induced by IFN-I stimulation and various viral infections. Overexpression of PVRL4 protein broadly restricts growth of enveloped RNA and DNA viruses, including vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), influenza A virus (IAV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) whereas deletion of PVRL4 in host cells increases viral infections. Mechanistically, it suppresses viral entry by blocking viral-cellular membrane fusion through inhibiting endosomal acidification. The vivo studies demonstrate that Pvrl4-deficient mice were more susceptible to the infection of VSV and IAV. CONCLUSION Overall, our studies not only identify PVRL4 as an intrinsic broad-spectrum antiviral ISG, but also provide a candidate host-directed target for antiviral therapy against various viruses including SARS-CoV-2 and its variants in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaomei Cai
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Nina Sun
- Department of Microbiology and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yurui Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingfeng Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chaohu Pan
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Lili Li
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaorong Li
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wancheng Liu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Saba R Aliyari
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Heng Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Genhong Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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7
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Yap SL, Yu H, Li S, Drummond CJ, Conn CE, Tran N. Cell interactions with lipid nanoparticles possessing different internal nanostructures: Liposomes, bicontinuous cubosomes, hexosomes, and discontinuous micellar cubosomes. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 656:409-423. [PMID: 38000253 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.11.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Lyotropic liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LLCNPs) with complex internal nanostructures hold promise for drug delivery. Cubosomes, in particular, have garnered interest for their ability to fuse with cell membranes, potentially bypassing endosomal escape challenges and improving cellular uptake. The mesostructure of nanoparticles plays a crucial role in cellular interactions and uptake. Therefore, we hypothesise that the specific internal mesophase of the LLCNPs will affect their cellular interactions and uptake efficiencies, with cubosomes exhibiting superior cellular uptake compared to other LLCNPs. EXPERIMENTS LLCNPs with various mesophases, including liposomes, cubosomes, hexosomes, and micellar cubosomes, were formulated and characterised. Their physicochemical properties and cytotoxicity were assessed. Chinese Hamster Ovarian (CHO) cells were treated with fluorescently labelled LLCNPs, and their interactions were monitored and quantified through confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. FINDINGS The non-lamellar LLCNPs showed significantly higher cellular interactions compared to liposomes, with cubosomes exhibiting the highest level. However, there was no significant difference in relative cell uptake between cubosomes, hexosomes, and micellar cubosomes. Cell uptake experiments at 4 °C revealed the presence of an energy-independent uptake mechanism. This study provides the first comparative analysis of cellular interactions and uptake efficiencies among LLCNPs with varying mesophases, while maintaining similar size, composition, and surface charge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sue Lyn Yap
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Haitao Yu
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Shiyao Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Calum J Drummond
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
| | - Charlotte E Conn
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
| | - Nhiem Tran
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
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8
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Efodili E, Knight A, Mirza M, Briones C, Lee IH. Spontaneous transfer of small peripheral peptides between supported lipid bilayer and giant unilamellar vesicles. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr 2024; 1866:184256. [PMID: 37989398 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2023.184256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Vesicular trafficking facilitates material transport between membrane-bound organelles. Membrane protein cargos are trafficked for relocation, recycling, and degradation during various physiological processes. In vitro fusion studies utilized synthetic lipid membranes to study the molecular mechanisms of vesicular trafficking and to develop synthetic materials mimicking the biological membrane trafficking. Various fusogenic conditions which can induce vesicular fusion have been used to establish synthetic systems that can mimic biological systems. Despite these efforts, the mechanisms underlying vesicular trafficking of membrane proteins remain limited and robust in vitro methods that can construct synthetic trafficking systems for membrane proteins between large membranes (>1 μm2) are unavailable. Here, we provide data to show the spontaneous transfer of small membrane-bound peptides (∼4 kD) between a supported lipid bilayer (SLB) and giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs). We found that the contact between the SLB and GUVs led to the occasional but notable transfer of membrane-bound peptides in a physiological saline buffer condition (pH 7.4, 150 mM NaCl). Quantitative and dynamic time-lapse analyses suggested that the observed exchange occurred through the formation of hemi-fusion stalks between the SLB and GUVs. Larger protein cargos with a size of ∼77 kD could not be transferred between the SLB and GUVs, suggesting that the larger-sized cargos limited diffusion across the hemi-fusion stalk, which was predicted to have a highly curved structure. Compositional study showed Ni-chelated lipid head group was the essential component catalyzing the process. Our system serves as an example synthetic platform that enables the investigation of small-peptide trafficking between synthetic membranes and reveals hemi-fused lipid bridge formation as a mechanism of peptide transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Efodili
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ 07043, USA
| | - Ashlynn Knight
- Department of Biology, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ 07043, USA
| | - Maryem Mirza
- College of humanities and social sciences, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ 07043, USA
| | - Cedric Briones
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ 07043, USA
| | - Il-Hyung Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ 07043, USA.
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9
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Keating PM, Schifano NP, Wei X, Kong MY, Lee J. pH-dependent conformational change within the Lassa virus transmembrane domain elicits efficient membrane fusion. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr 2024; 1866:184233. [PMID: 37734457 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2023.184233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Lassa virus (LASV) is the most prevalent member of the arenavirus family and the causative agent of Lassa fever, a viral hemorrhagic fever. Although there are annual outbreaks in West Africa, and recently isolated cases worldwide, there are no current therapeutics or vaccines, which poses LASV as a significant global public health threat. One of the key steps in LASV infection is the delivery of its genetic material by fusing its viral membrane with the host cell membrane. This process is facilitated by significant conformational changes within glycoprotein 2 (GP2), yielding distinct prefusion and postfusion structural states. However, structural information is missing to understand the changes that occur in the transmembrane domain during the fusion process. Here, we used CD and NMR spectroscopy to show that the transmembrane domain has pH-dependent conformational changes that result in an extension of the alpha helix at the N-terminal end. Proline mutants of key residues in that region prevent the helical extension, as seen in CD and NMR. We developed a modified lipid mixing assay to study the importance of this extension on the function of GP2. Our assay shows that membrane fusion efficiency is optimal at low pH values but introducing the proline mutants results in lower fusion efficiency. These results indicate that these pH-dependent conformational changes are important to the fusion mechanism. This information can be used to design therapeutics to combat Lassa virus infections and prevent its potential spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M Keating
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Nicholas P Schifano
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Xinrui Wei
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Matthew Y Kong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Jinwoo Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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10
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Li J, Li Q, Xia S, Tu J, Zheng L, Wang Q, Jiang S, Wang C. Design of MERS-CoV entry inhibitory short peptides based on helix-stabilizing strategies. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 97:129569. [PMID: 38008340 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Interaction between Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) spike (S) protein heptad repeat-1 domain (HR1) and heptad repeat-2 domain (HR2) is critical for the MERS-CoV fusion process. This interaction is mediated by the α-helical region from HR2 and the hydrophobic groove in a central HR1 trimeric coiled coil. We sought to develop a short peptidomimetic to act as a MERS-CoV fusion inhibitor by reproducing the key recognition features of HR2 helix. This was achieved by the use of helix-stabilizing strategies, including substitution with unnatural helix-favoring amino acids, introduction of ion pair interactions, and conjugation of palmitic acid. The resulting 23-mer lipopeptide, termed AEEA-C16, inhibits MERS-CoV S protein-mediated cell-cell fusion at a low micromolar level comparable to that of the 36-mer HR2 peptide HR2P-M2. Collectively, our studies provide new insights into developing short peptide-based antiviral agents to treat MERS-CoV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichun Li
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 26 Yuxiang Street, Shijiazhuang 050018, China; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Shuai Xia
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOH/CAMS, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 131 Dong An Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiahuang Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Longbo Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Structure-based Drug Design & Discovery of the Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOH/CAMS, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 131 Dong An Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shibo Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOH/CAMS, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 131 Dong An Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China.
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Boopathy S, Makhlouta Lugo C, Luce BE, McDonald J, Hakim P, Ponce J, Ueberheide BM, Chao LH. Identification of SLC25A46 interaction interfaces with mitochondrial membrane fusogens Mfn2 and Opa1. bioRxiv 2023:2023.12.29.573615. [PMID: 38234813 PMCID: PMC10793391 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.29.573615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial fusion requires the sequential merger of four bilayers to two. The outer-membrane solute carrier protein SLC25A46 interacts with both the outer and inner-membrane dynamin family GTPases Mfn1/2 and Opa1. While SLC25A46 levels are known affect mitochondrial morphology, how SLC25A46 interacts with Mfn1/2 and Opa1 to regulate membrane fusion is not understood. In this study, we use crosslinking mass-spectrometry and AlphaFold 2 modeling to identify interfaces mediating a SLC25A46-Opa1-Mfn1/2 complex. We reveal that the bundle signaling element of Opa1 interacts with SLC25A46, and the helical repeat 1 region of Mfn2 interacts with the SLC25A46 N-terminus. We validate these newly identified interaction interfaces and show that they play a role in mitochondrial network maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivakumar Boopathy
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston MA 02114, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115, USA
| | - Camila Makhlouta Lugo
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston MA 02114, USA
| | - Bridget E Luce
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston MA 02114, USA
| | - Julie McDonald
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston MA 02114, USA
| | - Pusparanee Hakim
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston MA 02114, USA
| | - Jackeline Ponce
- Proteomics Resource Center, Division of Advanced Research Technologies, New York University Langone Health Center, New York NY 10016, USA
| | - Beatrix M Ueberheide
- Proteomics Resource Center, Division of Advanced Research Technologies, New York University Langone Health Center, New York NY 10016, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Langone Health Center, New York NY 10016, USA
| | - Luke H Chao
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston MA 02114, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115, USA
- Corresponding author
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12
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Wang Q, Song Y, Gao J, Li Q, Chen J, Xie Y, Wang Z, Tan H, Yang H, Zhang N, Qian J, Pang Z, Huang Z, Ge J. Hippo pathway-manipulating neutrophil-mimic hybrid nanoparticles for cardiac ischemic injury via modulation of local immunity and cardiac regeneration. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:4999-5015. [PMID: 38045050 PMCID: PMC10692379 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The promise of regeneration therapy for restoration of damaged myocardium after cardiac ischemic injury relies on targeted delivery of proliferative molecules into cardiomyocytes whose healing benefits are still limited owing to severe immune microenvironment due to local high concentration of proinflammatory cytokines. Optimal therapeutic strategies are therefore in urgent need to both modulate local immunity and deliver proliferative molecules. Here, we addressed this unmet need by developing neutrophil-mimic nanoparticles NM@miR, fabricated by coating hybrid neutrophil membranes with artificial lipids onto mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) loaded with microRNA-10b. The hybrid membrane could endow nanoparticles with strong capacity to migrate into inflammatory sites and neutralize proinflammatory cytokines and increase the delivery efficiency of microRNA-10b into adult mammalian cardiomyocytes (CMs) by fusing with cell membranes and leading to the release of MSNs-miR into cytosol. Upon NM@miR administration, this nanoparticle could home to the injured myocardium, restore the local immunity, and efficiently deliver microRNA-10b to cardiomyocytes, which could reduce the activation of Hippo-YAP pathway mediated by excessive cytokines and exert the best proliferative effect of miR-10b. This combination therapy could finally improve cardiac function and mitigate ventricular remodeling. Consequently, this work offers a combination strategy of immunity modulation and proliferative molecule delivery to boost cardiac regeneration after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaozi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yanan Song
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jinfeng Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qiyu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yifang Xie
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhengmin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Haipeng Tan
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hongbo Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Juying Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhiqing Pang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zheyong Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
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13
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Huang L, Wang J, Ma X, Sun L, Hao C, Wang W. Inhibition of influenza a virus infection by natural stilbene piceatannol targeting virus hemagglutinin. Phytomedicine 2023; 120:155058. [PMID: 37690231 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the magnitude of influenza pandemics as a threat to the global population, it is crucial to have as many prevention and treatment options as possible. Piceatannol (PIC) is a tetrahydroxylated stilbenoid (trans-3,4,3',5'-tetrahydroxystilbene), also known as 3'- hydroxy resveratrol, which has demonstrated many different biological activities such as anti-inflammatory and antiviral activities. PURPOSE In this study, the anti-influenza A virus (IAV) activities and mechanisms of PIC in vitro and in vivo were investigated in order to provide reference for the development of novel plant-derived anti-IAV drugs. METHODS The viral plaque assay, RT-PCR and western blot assay were used to evaluate the anti-IAV effects of PIC in vitro. The anti-IAV mechanism of PIC was determined by HA syncytium assay, DARTS assay and Surface Plasmon Resonance assay. The mouse pneumonia model combined with HE staining were used to study the anti-IAV effects of PIC in vivo. RESULTS PIC shows inhibition on the multiplication of both H1N1 and H3N2 viruses, and blocks the infection of H5N1 pseudovirus with low toxicity. PIC may directly act on the envelope of IAV to induce the rupture and inactivation of IAV particles. PIC can also block membrane fusion via binding to HA2 rather than HA1 and cleavage site of HA0. PIC may interact with the two residues (HA2-T68 and HA2-I75) of HA2 to block the conformational change of HA so as to inhibit membrane fusion. Importantly, oral therapy of PIC also markedly improved survival and reduced viral titers in IAV-infected mice. CONCLUSION PIC possesses significant anti-IAV effects both in vitro and in vivo and may block IAV infection mainly through interaction with HA to block membrane fusion. Thus, PIC has the potential to be developed into a new broad-spectrum anti-influenza drug for the prevention and treatment of influenza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianghao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jinyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiaoyao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Lishan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Cui Hao
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
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14
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Kim HR, Cho HB, Lee S, Park JI, Kim HJ, Park KH. Fusogenic liposomes encapsulating mitochondria as a promising delivery system for osteoarthritis therapy. Biomaterials 2023; 302:122350. [PMID: 37864947 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Many attempts have been made to use mitochondria (MT) to treat human diseases; however, MT are large, making them difficult to deliver effectively. Therefore, a transfer strategy based on membrane fusion was established. Fusogenic mitochondrial capsules (FMCs) comprising a neutral lipid (PE), a cationic lipid (DOTAP), an aromatic lipid (Liss Rhod PE), and three types of liposome (FMC0, FMC1, and FMC2), were designed and synthesized. The amount of DOTAP, which affects membrane fusion efficiency, differed between FMC preparations. The characteristics of these FMCs were analyzed by DLS, TEM, and AFM, and the encapsulation and fusion efficiency between FMC-MT and FMC-chondrocytes were confirmed by FRET, mtDNA copy number, and CLSM, respectively. Compared with naked MT, delivery of FMCs to chondrocytes was faster and more efficient. Moreover, fusion was a more stable delivery method than endocytosis, as evidenced by reduced induction of mitophagy. In vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that FMCs reduced expression of inflammatory cytokines and MMP13, increased expression of extracellular matrix components, and promoted cartilage regeneration. These findings suggest that FMCs are a highly effective and promising strategy for delivery of MT to promote cartilage regeneration, and highlight their potential as a novel platform for MT transfer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Ryoung Kim
- Laboratory of Nano-regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, CHA Biocomplex, 335 Pangyo-ro, Sampyeong-Dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Hui Bang Cho
- Laboratory of Nano-regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, CHA Biocomplex, 335 Pangyo-ro, Sampyeong-Dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujeong Lee
- Laboratory of Nano-regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, CHA Biocomplex, 335 Pangyo-ro, Sampyeong-Dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-In Park
- Laboratory of Nano-regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, CHA Biocomplex, 335 Pangyo-ro, Sampyeong-Dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Kim
- Laboratory of Nano-regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, CHA Biocomplex, 335 Pangyo-ro, Sampyeong-Dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 13488, Republic of Korea.
| | - Keun-Hong Park
- Laboratory of Nano-regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, CHA Biocomplex, 335 Pangyo-ro, Sampyeong-Dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 13488, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Yi K, Kong H, Zheng C, Zhuo C, Jin Y, Zhong Q, Mintz RL, Ju E, Wang H, Lv S, Lao YH, Tao Y, Li M. A LIGHTFUL nanomedicine overcomes EGFR-mediated drug resistance for enhanced tyrosine-kinase-inhibitor-based hepatocellular carcinoma therapy. Biomaterials 2023; 302:122349. [PMID: 37844429 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Targeting the activated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) via clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) technology is appealing to overcome the drug resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) towards tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy. However, combining these two distinct drugs using traditional liposomes results in a suboptimal synergistic anti-HCC effect due to the limited CRISPR/Cas9 delivery efficiency caused by lysosomal entrapment after endocytosis. Herein, we developed a liver-targeting gene-hybridizing-TKI fusogenic liposome (LIGHTFUL) that can achieve high CRISPR/Cas9 expression to reverse the EGFR-mediated drug resistance for enhanced TKI-based HCC therapy efficiently. Coated with a galactose-modified membrane-fusogenic lipid layer, LIGHTFUL reached the targeting liver site to fuse with HCC tumor cells, directly and efficiently transporting interior CDK5- and PLK1-targeting CRISPR/Cas9 plasmids (pXG333-CPs) into the HCC cell cytoplasm and then the cell nucleus for efficient expression. Such membrane-fusion-mediated pXG333-CP delivery resulted in effective downregulation of both CDK5 and PLK1, sufficiently inactivating EGFR to improve the anti-HCC effects of the co-delivered TKI, lenvatinib. This membrane-fusion-participant codelivery strategy optimized the synergetic effect of CRISPR/Cas9 and TKI combinational therapy as indicated by the 0.35 combination index in vitro and the dramatic reduction of subcutaneous and orthotopic TKI-insensitive HCC tumor growth in mice. Therefore, the established LIGHTFUL provides a unique co-delivery platform to combine gene editing and TKI therapies for enhanced synergetic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Yi
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Huimin Kong
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Chunxiong Zheng
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Chenya Zhuo
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jin
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Qingguo Zhong
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Rachel L Mintz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Enguo Ju
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Haixia Wang
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Shixian Lv
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yeh-Hsing Lao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Yu Tao
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Mingqiang Li
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
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16
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Villalaín J. Phospholipid binding of the dengue virus envelope E protein segment containing the conserved His residue. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr 2023; 1865:184198. [PMID: 37437754 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2023.184198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Flaviviruses encompass many important human pathogens, including Dengue, Zika, West Nile, Yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis, and Tick-borne encephalitis viruses as well as several emerging viruses that affect millions of people worldwide. They enter cells by endocytosis, fusing their membrane with the late endosomal one in a pH-dependent manner, so membrane fusion is one of the main targets for obtaining new antiviral inhibitors. The envelope E protein, a class II membrane fusion protein, is responsible for fusion and contains different domains involved in the fusion mechanism, including the fusion peptide. However, other segments, apart from the fusion peptide, have been implicated in the mechanism of membrane fusion, in particular a segment containing a His residue supposed to act as a specific pH sensor. We have used atomistic molecular dynamics to study the binding of the envelope E protein segment containing the conserved His residue in its three different tautomer forms with a complex membrane mimicking the late-endosomal one. We show that this His-containing segment is capable of spontaneous membrane binding, preferentially binds electronegatively charged phospholipids and does not bind cholesterol. Since Flaviviruses have caused epidemics in the past, continue to do so and will undoubtedly continue to do so, this specific segment could characterise a new target that would allow finding effective antiviral molecules against DENV virus in particular and Flaviviruses in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Villalaín
- Institute of Research, Development, and Innovation in Healthcare Biotechnology (IDiBE), Universitas "Miguel Hernández", E-03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain.
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17
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Shao H, Zhou J, Lin X, Zhou Y, Xue Y, Hong W, Lin X, Jia X, Fan Y. Bio-inspired peptide-conjugated liposomes for enhanced planktonic bacteria killing and biofilm eradication. Biomaterials 2023; 300:122183. [PMID: 37302278 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Developing new antimicrobial agents has become an urgent task to address the increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant pathogens and the emergence of biofilms. Cationic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been regarded as promising candidates due to their unique non-specific membrane rupture mechanism. However, a series of problems with the peptides hindered their practical application due to their high toxicity and low bioactivity and stability. Here, inspired by broadening the application of cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), we selected five different sequences of cationic peptides which are considered as both CPPs and AMPs, and developed a biomimetic strategy to construct cationic peptide-conjugated liposomes with the virus-like structure for both enhancements of antibacterial efficacy and biosafety. The correlation between available peptide density/peptide variety and antimicrobial capabilities was evaluated from quantitative perspectives. Computational simulation and experimental investigations assisted to identify the optimal peptide-conjugated liposomes and revealed that the designed system provides high charge density for enhanced anionic bacterial membrane binding capability without compromised cytotoxicity, being capable of enhanced antibacterial efficacy of bacteria/biofilm of clinically important pathogens. The bio-inspired design has shown enhanced therapeutic efficiency of peptides and may promote the development of next-generation antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shao
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, And with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, And with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Xiaoqian Lin
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, And with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, And with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yumeng Xue
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, And with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Weili Hong
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, And with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xubo Lin
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, And with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaoling Jia
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, And with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Yubo Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, And with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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18
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Kozon-Markiewicz D, Kopiasz RJ, Głusiec M, Łukasiak A, Bednarczyk P, Jańczewski D. Membrane lytic activity of antibacterial ionenes, critical role of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and cardiolipin (CL). Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 229:113480. [PMID: 37536168 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanism by which an antibacterial agent interacts with a model membrane provides vital information for better design of future antibiotics. In this study, we investigated two antibacterial polymers, hydrophilic C0-T-p and hydrophobic C8-T-p ionenes, known for their potent antimicrobial activity and ability to disrupt the integrity of lipid bilayers. Our hypothesize is that the composition of a lipid bilayer alters the mechanism of ionenes action, potentially providing an explanation for the observed differences in their bioactivity and selectivity. Calcein release experiments utilizing a range of liposomes to examine the impact of (i) cardiolipin (CL) to phosphatidylglycerol (PG) ratio, (ii) overall vesicle charge, and (iii) phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) to phosphatidylcholine (PC) ratio on the activity of ionenes were performed. Additionally, polymer-bilayer interactions were also investigated through vesicle fusion assay and the black lipid membrane (BLM) technique The activity of C0-T-p is strongly influenced by the amount of cardiolipin, while the activity of C8-T-p primarily depends on the overall vesicle charge. Consequently, C0-T-p acts through interactions with CL, whereas C8-T-p modifies the bulk properties of the membrane in a less-specific manner. Moreover, the presence of a small amount of PC in the membrane makes the vesicle resistant to permeabilization by tested molecules. Intriguingly, more hydrophilic C0-T-p retains higher membrane activity compared to the hydrophobic C8-T-p. However, both ionenes induce vesicle fusion and increase lipid bilayer ion permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rafał J Kopiasz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Martyna Głusiec
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Łukasiak
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Bednarczyk
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dominik Jańczewski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
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19
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Mathew L, Verma DK, Liang K, Duan M, Dadhich R, Kapoor S. Fusion Landscape of Mycobacterial Envelope-Derived Lipid Vesicles with Intact Bacteria Dictates High Intracellular Drug Retention. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2023; 6:3066-3073. [PMID: 37493278 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Membrane vesicles are critical regulators of pathogenic diseases. In tubercular infections, the use of mycobacteria derived vesicles as delivery vehicles to overcome drug resistance and complex treatment regimens has never been attempted. Here, we first address how these vesicles interact with their target cells, especially via membrane fusion. Membrane fusion between alike mycobacterial outer and inner membrane layer-derived lipid vesicles is shown to be driven by the structural, geometrical, and biophysical attributes of constituent lipids. The increased fusion of outer-membrane-derived vesicles with intact bacteria ensures enhanced intracellular drug levels and is presented as a "natural" antitubercular drug delivery vehicle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Mathew
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Dheeraj Kumar Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Kuan Liang
- National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Mojie Duan
- National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Ruchika Dadhich
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Shobhna Kapoor
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
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20
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Hotta M, Hayase K, Kitanaka A, Li T, Takeoka S. Development of the observation of membrane fusion with label-free liposomes by calcium imaging. Biochem Biophys Rep 2023; 34:101483. [PMID: 37250982 PMCID: PMC10209117 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Liposomes are artificial vesicles composed of lipid bilayers that have enabled drugs to be encapsulated and delivered to tumor tissue. Membrane-fusogenic liposomes fuse with the plasma membranes of cells to deliver encapsulated drugs directly to the cytosol, which makes it a promising method for rapid and highly efficient drug delivery. In a previous study, liposomal lipid bilayers were labeled with fluorescent probes, and colocalization of labeled lipids with plasma membrane was observed under a microscope. However, there was concern that fluorescent labeling would affect lipid dynamics and cause liposomes to acquire membrane fusogenic ability. In addition, encapsulation of hydrophilic fluorescent substances in the inner aqueous phase sometimes requires an additional step of removing unencapsulated substances after preparation, and there is a risk of leakage. Herein, we propose a new method to observe cell interaction with liposomes without labeling. Our laboratory has developed two types of liposomes with different cellular internalization pathways, i.e., endocytosis and membrane fusion. We found that cytosolic calcium influx would be triggered following the internalization of cationic liposomes, and different cell entry routes led to different calcium responses. Thus, the correlation between cell entry routes and calcium responses could be utilized to study liposome-cell interactions without fluorescent labeling lipids. Briefly, liposomes were added to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-primed THP-1 cells, and calcium influx was measured by time-lapse imaging using a fluorescent indicator (Fura 2-AM). Liposomes with high membrane fusogenic ability elicited a strong transient calcium response immediately after adding liposomes, whereas those taken up mainly by endocytosis elicited multiple weak calcium responses. In order to verify the cell entry routes, we also tracked the intracellular distribution of fluorescent-labeled liposomes in PMA-primed THP-1 cells using a confocal laser scanning microscope. It was shown that for fusogenic liposomes, colocalization with plasma membrane occurred at the same time as calcium elevation, whereas for liposomes with a high endocytosis potential, fluorescent dots were observed in the cytoplasm, suggesting the cell internalization by endocytosis. These results suggested that the calcium response patterns correspond to cell entry routes, and membrane fusion can be observed by calcium imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morihiro Hotta
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University (TWIns), 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan
| | - Kengo Hayase
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University (TWIns), 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan
| | - Aya Kitanaka
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University (TWIns), 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan
| | - Tianshu Li
- Institute for Advanced Research of Biosystem Dynamics, Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Shinji Takeoka
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University (TWIns), 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Research of Biosystem Dynamics, Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
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21
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Hu S, Wang N, Chen S, Zhang H, Wang C, Ma W, Zhang X, Wu Y, Lv Y, Xue Z, Bai H, Ge S, He H, Lu W, Zhang T, Ding Y, Liu R, Han S, Zhan Y, Zhan G, Guo Z, Zhang Y, Lu J, Gao J, Jia Q, Wang Y, Wang H, Lu S, Jin T, Chiu S, He L. Harringtonine: A more effective antagonist for Omicron variant. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 213:115617. [PMID: 37211174 PMCID: PMC10195862 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Fusion with host cell membrane is the main mechanism of infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Here, we propose that a new strategy to screen small-molecule antagonists blocking SARS-CoV-2 membrane fusion. Using cell membrane chromatography (CMC), we found that harringtonine (HT) simultaneously targeted SARS-CoV-2 S protein and host cell surface TMPRSS2 expressed by the host cell, and subsequently confirmed that HT can inhibit membrane fusion. HT effectively blocked SARS-CoV-2 original strain entry with the IC50 of 0.217 μM, while the IC50 in delta variant decreased to 0.101 μM, the IC50 in Omicron BA.1 variant was 0.042 μM. Due to high transmissibility and immune escape, Omicron subvariant BA.5 has become the dominant strain of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and led to escalating COVID-19 cases, however, against BA.5, HT showed a surprising effectiveness. The IC50 in Omicron BA.5 was even lower than 0.0019 μM. The above results revealed the effect of HT on Omicron is very significant. In summary, we characterize HT as a small-molecule antagonist by direct targeting on the Spike protein and TMPRSS2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiling Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Nan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shaohong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huajun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weina Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinghai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanni Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhuoyin Xue
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Haoyun Bai
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuai Ge
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huaizhen He
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wen Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rui Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shengli Han
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yingzhuan Zhan
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guanqun Zhan
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zengjun Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yongjing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiayu Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiapan Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qianqian Jia
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuejin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongliang Wang
- Department of pathogen biology and immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Shemin Lu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tengchuan Jin
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Sciences and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Sandra Chiu
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Sciences and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Langchong He
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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Li B, Huang L, Lin J, Ma X, Luo Y, Gai W, Xie Y, Zhu T, Wang W, Li D. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel penindolone derivatives as potential inhibitors of hemagglutinin-mediated membrane fusion. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 258:115615. [PMID: 37413878 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Development and design of anti-influenza drugs with novel mechanisms is of great significance to combat the ongoing threat of influenza A virus (IAV). Hemagglutinin (HA) is regarded as a potential target for the therapy of IAV. Our previous research led to the discovery of penindolone (PND), a new diclavatol indole adduct, as an HA targeting leading compound exhibited anti-IAV activity. To enhance the bioactivity and understand the structure-activity relationships (SARs), 65 PND derivatives were designed and synthesized, and the anti-IAV activities as well as the HA targeting effects were systematically investigated in this study. Among them, compound 5g possessed high affinity to HA and was more effective than PND in terms of inhibiting HA-mediated membrane fusion. Compound 5g may act on the trypsin cleavage site of HA to exhibit a strong inhibition on membrane fusion. In addition, oral administration of 5g can significantly reduce the pulmonary virus titer, attenuate the weight loss, and improve the survival of IAV-infected mice, superior to the effects of PND. These findings suggest that the HA inhibitor 5g has potential to be developed into a novel broad-spectrum anti-IAV agent in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohan Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sanya Oceanographic Institute, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Sanya, PR China
| | - Lianghao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sanya Oceanographic Institute, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Sanya, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sanya Oceanographic Institute, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Sanya, PR China
| | - Xiaoyao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sanya Oceanographic Institute, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Sanya, PR China
| | - Yanan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sanya Oceanographic Institute, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Sanya, PR China
| | - Wenrui Gai
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sanya Oceanographic Institute, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Sanya, PR China
| | - Yingqi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sanya Oceanographic Institute, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Sanya, PR China
| | - Tianjiao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sanya Oceanographic Institute, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Sanya, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sanya Oceanographic Institute, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Sanya, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Dehai Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sanya Oceanographic Institute, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Sanya, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, PR China; Open Studio for Druggability Research of Marine Natural Products, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, PR China.
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García-Murria MJ, Gadea-Salom L, Moreno S, Rius-Salvador M, Zaragoza O, Brun A, Mingarro I, Martínez-Gil L. Identification of small molecules capable of enhancing viral membrane fusion. Virol J 2023; 20:99. [PMID: 37226231 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02068-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Several approaches have been developed to analyze the entry of highly pathogenic viruses. In this study, we report the implementation of a Bimolecular Multicellular Complementation (BiMuC) assay to safely and efficiently monitor SARS-CoV-2 S-mediated membrane fusion without the need for microscopy-based equipment. Using BiMuC, we screened a library of approved drugs and identified compounds that enhance S protein-mediated cell-cell membrane fusion. Among them, ethynylestradiol promotes the growth of SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A virus in vitro. Our findings demonstrate the potential of BiMuC for identifying small molecules that modulate the life cycle of enveloped viruses, including SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mª Jesús García-Murria
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Institut Universitari de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Burjassot, E-46100, Spain
| | - Laura Gadea-Salom
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Institut Universitari de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Burjassot, E-46100, Spain
| | - Sandra Moreno
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal, CISA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (INIA/CSIC)), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Rius-Salvador
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Institut Universitari de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Burjassot, E-46100, Spain
| | - Oscar Zaragoza
- Mycology Reference Laboratory, National Center for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research in Network in Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC, Health Institute Carlos III, CB21/13/00105), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Brun
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal, CISA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (INIA/CSIC)), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ismael Mingarro
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Institut Universitari de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Burjassot, E-46100, Spain
| | - Luis Martínez-Gil
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Institut Universitari de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Burjassot, E-46100, Spain.
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24
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Liu M, Wang J, Shi S, Gao Y, Zhang Y, Yuan Z, Huang E, Li S, Liu S, Song G. Optimization, and biological evaluation of 3-O-β-chacotriosyl betulinic acid amide derivatives as novel small-molecule Omicron. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 256:115463. [PMID: 37209612 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 Omicron viruses possess a high antigenic shift, and the approved anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs are extremely limited, which makes the development of new antiviral drugs for the clinical treatment and prevention of SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks imperative. We have previously discovered a new series of markedly potent small-molecule inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 virus entry, exampled by the hit compound 2. Here, we report a further study of bioisosteric replacement of the eater linker at the C-17 position of 2 with a variety of aromatic amine moieties, followed by a focused structure-activity relationship study, leading to the discovery of a series of novel 3-O-β-chacotriosyl BA amide derivatives as small-molecule Omicron fusion inhibitors with improved potency and selectivity index. Particularly, our medicinal chemistry efforts have resulted in a potent, and efficacious lead compound S-10 with appreciable pharmacokinetic properties, which exhibited broad-spectrum potency against Omicron and other variants with EC50 values ranging from 0.82 to 5.45 μM. Mutagenesis studies confirmed that inhibition of Omicron viral entry was mediated by the direct interaction with S in the prefusion state. These results reveal that S-10 is suitable for further optimization as Omicron fusion inhibitors, with the potential to be developed as therapeutic agents for the treatment and control of SARS-CoV-2 ant its variants infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjian Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jinshen Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Shanshan Shi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Basic Medicine and Public Hygiene, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yongfeng Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yixiao Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ziying Yuan
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Enlin Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Sumei Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine and Public Hygiene, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Shuwen Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Gaopeng Song
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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25
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Becker J, Schleinitz A, Hermsen C, Rappold S, Saftig P, Jeschke A, Haas A. Rab GTPase-regulated phagosome-lysosome fusion is bypassed by micromolar calcium. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:309504. [PMID: 37073598 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Several ATP- and cytosol-dependent fusion processes between membranes of the endocytic and exocytic pathways have been biochemically reconstituted. We here present a phagosome-lysosome-fusion reaction driven by micromolar Ca2+ in the absence of ATP and cytosol. Investigating classical and Ca2+-driven fusion (CaFu) side-by-side in vitro, using the same membrane preparations, we show that CaFu is faster than standard fusion (StaFu), leads to larger fusion products, and is not blocked by established inhibitors of StaFu. Approximately 120 µM Ca2+ supports maximal membrane attachment and 15 µM Ca2+ maximal membrane fusion, assigning Ca2+ both a membrane binding and a fusion-promoting activity. StaFu and CaFu are inhibited by a mutant form α-SNAP that does not support SNARE (SNAP receptor) activation, and both are inhibited by a mixture of the cytosolic domains of three cognate Q-SNARE proteins, demonstrating a role of SNAREs in Ca2+-driven membrane merger. CaFu is independent of the calcium-regulated proteins synaptotagmin-7, calmodulin, and annexins A2 and A7. We propose that CaFu corresponds to the last step of phagosome-lysosome fusion, when a raised Ca2+ concentration from the compartment lumen activates SNAREs for fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Becker
- Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, Ulrich-Haberland-Str. 61A, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ariane Schleinitz
- Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, Ulrich-Haberland-Str. 61A, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christina Hermsen
- Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, Ulrich-Haberland-Str. 61A, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sabrina Rappold
- Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, Ulrich-Haberland-Str. 61A, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Paul Saftig
- Biochemical Institute, Universiy of Kiel Medical School, Olshausenstr. 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Andreas Jeschke
- Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, Ulrich-Haberland-Str. 61A, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Albert Haas
- Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, Ulrich-Haberland-Str. 61A, 53121 Bonn, Germany
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26
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Dong S, Mao W, Liu Y, Jia X, Zhang Y, Zhou M, Hou Y, Xiao G, Wang W. Deletion of the first glycosylation site promotes Lassa virus glycoprotein-mediated membrane fusion. Virol Sin 2023:S1995-820X(23)00030-5. [PMID: 37059226 DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The Lassa virus is endemic in West Africa and causes severe hemorrhagic Lassa fever in humans. The glycoprotein complex (GPC) of LASV is highly glycosylation-modified, with 11 N-glycosylation sites. All 11 N-linked glycan chains play critical roles in GPC cleavage, folding, receptor binding, membrane fusion, and immune evasion. In this study, we focused on the first glycosylation site because its deletion mutant (N79Q) results in an unexpected enhanced membrane fusion, whereas it exerts little effect on GPC expression, cleavage, and receptor binding. Meanwhile, the pseudotype virus bearing GPCN79Q was more sensitive to the neutralizing antibody 37.7H and was attenuated in virulence. Exploring the biological functions of the key glycosylation site on LASV GPC will help elucidate the mechanism of LASV infection and provide strategies for the development of attenuated vaccines against LASV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430207, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wenting Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430207, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430207, China
| | - Xiaoying Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430207, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yueli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430207, China; College of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Minmin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430207, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuxia Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430207, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Gengfu Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430207, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430207, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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27
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Bu B, Tian Z, Li D, Zhang K, Chen W, Ji B, Diao J. Double-transmembrane domain of SNAREs decelerates the fusion by increasing the protein-lipid mismatch. J Mol Biol 2023:168089. [PMID: 37030649 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2023.168089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Abstract
SNARE is the essential mediator of membrane fusion that highly relies on the molecular structure of SNAREs. For instance, the protein syntaxin-1 involved in neuronal SNAREs, has a single transmembrane domain (sTMD) leading to fast fusion, while the syntaxin 17 has a V-shape double TMDs (dTMDs), taking part in the autophagosome maturation. However, it is not clear how the TMD structure influences the fusion process. Here, we demonstrate that the dTMDs significantly reduce fusion rate compared with the sTMD by using an in vitro reconstitution system. Through theoretical analysis, we reveal that the V-shape dTMDs can significantly increase protein-lipid mismatch, thereby raising the energy barrier of the fusion, and that increasing the number of SNAREs can reduce the energy barrier or protein-lipid mismatch. This study provides a physicochemical mechanistic understanding of SNARE-regulated membrane fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Bu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Zhiqi Tian
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Dechang Li
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Baohua Ji
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jiajie Diao
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
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Nicolson GL, Ferreira de Mattos G. The Fluid-Mosaic model of cell membranes: A brief introduction, historical features, some general principles, and its adaptation to current information. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr 2023; 1865:184135. [PMID: 36746313 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2023.184135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The Fluid-Mosaic Membrane (FMM) model was originally proposed as a general, nanometer-scale representation of cell membranes (Singer and Nicolson, 1972). The FMM model was based on some general principles, such as thermodynamic considerations, intercalation of globular proteins into a lipid bilayer, independent protein and lipid dynamics, cooperativity and other characteristics. Other models had trimolecular structures or membrane globular lipoprotein units. These latter models were flawed, because they did not allow autonomous lipids, membrane domains or discrete lateral dynamics. The FMM model was also consistent with membrane asymmetry, cis- and trans-membrane linkages and associations of membrane components into multi-molecular complexes and domains. It has remained useful for explaining the basic organizational principles and properties of various biological membranes. New information has been added, such as membrane-associated cytoskeletal assemblies, extracellular matrix interactions, transmembrane controls, specialized lipid-protein domains that differ in compositions, rotational and lateral mobilities, lifetimes, functions, and other characteristics. The presence of dense, structured membrane domains has reduced significantly the extent of fluid-lipid membrane areas, and the FMM model is now considered to be more mosaic and dense than the original proposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garth L Nicolson
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA 92647, USA.
| | - Gonzalo Ferreira de Mattos
- Laboratory of Ion Channels, Biological Membranes and Cell Signaling, Department of Biophysics, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Hao SJ, Zhu YX, Wu FG. Membrane fusion-mediated delivery of small-molecule inhibitor for effective tumor chemosensitization. J Control Release 2023; 357:222-234. [PMID: 36958404 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Although nanodrug carriers have been widely applied in the delivery of anticancer drugs, many commercialized anticancer nanodrug systems still suffer from the problem of being easily trapped by lysosomes, which severely limits the drug delivery efficiency of a nanodrug system. Meanwhile, in drug-resistant tumors, the efflux of anticancer therapeutic drugs via the drug efflux transporters on the plasma membrane of cancer cells can significantly decrease the intracellular drug concentration and lead to the failure of the drug treatment. Here, we developed a small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)- and doxorubicin (Dox, a common anticancer drug)-loaded membrane fusion liposome (MFL) (termed Dox@Lapa-MFL) to achieve tumor cell membrane fusion-mediated drug delivery and enhanced chemotherapy of drug-resistant tumor. MFL could deliver drugs in a membrane fusion manner, circumventing the capture by lysosomes. Lapatinib, as the TKI doped in the MFL, could inhibit the efflux of Dox by ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters), further promoting the intracellular Dox accumulation. As a result, Dox achieved effective killing of drug-resistant tumors under the dual effect of MFL and lapatinib. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first example that employs membrane fusion-mediated TKI delivery for achieving tumor chemosensitization with good biosafety. This work presents an efficient and easily achievable strategy for treating drug-resistant tumors, which may hold promise for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Jie Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - Ya-Xuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - Fu-Gen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing 210096, PR China.
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Abstract
Cargo delivery from one compartment to the next relies on the fusion of vesicles with different cellular organelles in a process that requires the concerted action of tethering factors. Although all tethers act to bridge vesicle membranes to mediate fusion, they form very diverse groups as they differ in composition, and in their overall architecture and size, as well as their protein interactome. However, their conserved function relies on a common design. Recent data on class C Vps complexes indicates that tethers play a significant role in membrane fusion beyond vesicle capturing. Furthermore, these studies provide additional mechanistic insights into membrane fusion events and reveal that tethers should be considered as key players of the fusion machinery. Moreover, the discovery of the novel tether FERARI complex has changed our understanding of cargo transport in the endosomal system as it has been shown to mediate 'kiss-and-run' vesicle-target membrane interactions. In this Cell Science at a Glance and the accompanying poster, we compare the structure of the coiled-coil and the multisubunit CATCHR and class C Vps tether families on the basis of their functional analogy. We discuss the mechanism of membrane fusion, and summarize how tethers capture vesicles, mediate membrane fusion at different cellular compartments and regulate cargo traffic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Spang
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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31
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Maneu V, Borges R, Gandía L, García AG. Forty years of the adrenal chromaffin cell through ISCCB meetings around the world. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:667-690. [PMID: 36884064 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02793-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
This historical review focuses on the evolution of the knowledge accumulated during the last two centuries on the biology of the adrenal medulla gland and its chromaffin cells (CCs). The review emerged in the context of a series of meetings that started on the Spanish island of Ibiza in 1982 with the name of the International Symposium on Chromaffin Cell Biology (ISCCB). Hence, the review is divided into two periods namely, before 1982 and from this year to 2022, when the 21st ISCCB meeting was just held in Hamburg, Germany. The first historical period extends back to 1852 when Albert Kölliker first described the fine structure and function of the adrenal medulla. Subsequently, the adrenal staining with chromate salts identified the CCs; this was followed by the establishment of the embryological origin of the adrenal medulla, and the identification of adrenaline-storing vesicles. By the end of the nineteenth century, the basic morphology, histochemistry, and embryology of the adrenal gland were known. The twentieth century began with breakthrough findings namely, the experiment of Elliott suggesting that adrenaline was the sympathetic neurotransmitter, the isolation of pure adrenaline, and the deciphering of its molecular structure and chemical synthesis in the laboratory. In the 1950s, Blaschko isolated the catecholamine-storing vesicles from adrenal medullary extracts. This switched the interest in CCs as models of sympathetic neurons with an explosion of studies concerning their functions, i.e., uptake of catecholamines by chromaffin vesicles through a specific coupled transport system; the identification of several vesicle components in addition to catecholamines including chromogranins, ATP, opioids, and other neuropeptides; the calcium-dependence of the release of catecholamines; the underlying mechanism of exocytosis of this release, as indicated by the co-release of proteins; the cross-talk between the adrenal cortex and the medulla; and the emission of neurite-like processes by CCs in culture, among other numerous findings. The 1980s began with the introduction of new high-resolution techniques such as patch-clamp, calcium probes, marine toxins-targeting ion channels and receptors, confocal microscopy, or amperometry. In this frame of technological advances at the Ibiza ISCCB meeting in 1982, 11 senior researchers in the field predicted a notable increase in our knowledge in the field of CCs and the adrenal medulla; this cumulative knowledge that occurred in the last 40 years of history of the CC is succinctly described in the second part of this historical review. It deals with cell excitability, ion channel currents, the exocytotic fusion pore, the handling of calcium ions by CCs, the kinetics of exocytosis and endocytosis, the exocytotic machinery, and the life cycle of secretory vesicles. These concepts together with studies on the dynamics of membrane fusion with super-resolution imaging techniques at the single-protein level were extensively reviewed by top scientists in the field at the 21st ISCCB meeting in Hamburg in the summer of 2022; this frontier topic is also briefly reviewed here. Many of the concepts arising from those studies contributed to our present understanding of synaptic transmission. This has been studied in physiological or pathophysiological conditions, in CCs from animal disease models. In conclusion, the lessons we have learned from CC biology as a peripheral model for brain and brain disease pertain more than ever to cutting-edge research in neurobiology. In the 22nd ISCCB meeting in Israel in 2024 that Uri Asheri is organizing, we will have the opportunity of seeing the progress of the questions posed in Ibiza, and on other questions that undoubtedly will arise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Maneu
- Departamento de Óptica, Farmacología y Anatomía, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Ricardo Borges
- Unidad de Farmacología, Departamento de Medicina Física y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Luis Gandía
- Instituto Fundación Teófilo Hernando, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio G García
- Instituto Fundación Teófilo Hernando, Madrid, Spain. .,Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. .,Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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Liu M, Wang J, Wan X, Li B, Guan M, Ning X, Hu X, Li S, Liu S, Song G. Discovery and structural optimization of 3-O-β-Chacotriosyl betulonic acid saponins as potent fusion inhibitors of Omicron virus infections. Bioorg Chem 2023; 131:106316. [PMID: 36508939 PMCID: PMC9729598 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The recent global Omicron epidemics underscore the great need for the development of small molecule therapeutics with appropriate mechanisms. The trimeric spike protein (S) of SARS-CoV-2 plays a pivotal role in mediating viral entry into host cells. We continued our efforts to develop small-molecule SARS-CoV-2 entry inhibitors. In this work, two sets of BA derivatives were designed and synthesized based on the hit BA-1 that was identified as a novel SARS-CoV-2 entry inhibitor. Compound BA-4, the most potent one, showed broad inhibitory activities against pOmicron and other pseudotyped variants with EC50 values ranging 2.73 to 5.19 μM. Moreover, pSARS-CoV-2 assay, SPR analysis, Co-IP assay and the cell-cell fusion assay coupled with docking and mutagenesis studies revealed that BA-4 could stabilize S in the pre-fusion step to interfere with the membrane fusion, thereby displaying promising inhibition against Omicron entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjian Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jinshen Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xin Wan
- Huizhou Health Sciences Polytechnic, Huizhou 516025, China
| | - Baixi Li
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Mingming Guan
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaoyun Ning
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaojie Hu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Sumei Li
- Department of Human anatomy, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Shuwen Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Gaopeng Song
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Rokonujjaman M, Sahyouni A, Wolfe R, Jia L, Ghosh U, Weliky DP. A large HIV gp41 construct with trimer-of-hairpins structure exhibits V2E mutation-dominant attenuation of vesicle fusion and helicity very similar to V2E attenuation of HIV fusion and infection and supports: (1) hairpin stabilization of membrane apposition with larger distance for V2E; and (2) V2E dominance by an antiparallel β sheet with interleaved fusion peptide strands from two gp41 trimers. Biophys Chem 2023; 293:106933. [PMID: 36508984 PMCID: PMC9879285 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2022.106933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
There is complete attenuation of fusion and infection mediated by HIV gp160 with gp41 subunit with V2E mutation, and also V2E dominance with WT/V2E mixtures. V2E is at the N-terminus of the ∼25-residue fusion peptide (Fp) which likely binds the target membrane. In this study, large V2E attenuation and dominance were observed for vesicle fusion induced by FP_HM, a large gp41 ectodomain construct with Fp followed by hyperthermostable hairpin with N- and C-helices, and membrane-proximal external region (Mper). FP_HM is a trimer-of-hairpins, the final gp41 structure during fusion. Vesicle fusion and helicity were measured for FP_HM using trimers with different fractions (f's) of WT and V2E proteins. Reductions in FP_HM fusion and helicity vs. fV2E were quantitatively-similar to those for gp160-mediated fusion and infection. Global fitting of all V2E data supports 6 WT gp41 (2 trimers) required for fusion. These data are understood by a model in which the ∼25 kcal/mol free energy for initial membrane apposition is compensated by the thermostable hairpin between the Fp in target membrane and Mper/transmembrane domain in virus membrane. The data support a structural model for V2E dominance with a membrane-bound Fp with antiparallel β sheet and interleaved strands from the two trimers. Relative to fV2E = 0, a longer Fp sheet is stabilized with small fV2E because of salt-bridge and/or hydrogen bonds between E2 on one strand and C-terminal Fp residues on adjacent strands, like R22. A longer Fp sheet results in shorter N- and C-helices, and larger separation during membrane apposition which hinders fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Rokonujjaman
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Abdulrazak Sahyouni
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Robert Wolfe
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Lihui Jia
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Ujjayini Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - David P Weliky
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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34
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Jacopo M. Unconventional protein secretion (UPS): role in important diseases. Mol Biomed 2023; 4:2. [PMID: 36622461 PMCID: PMC9827022 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-022-00113-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Unconventional protein secretion (UPS) is the new secretion process discovered in liquid form over three decades ago. More recently, UPS has been shown to operate also in solid forms generated from four types of organelles: fractions of lysosomes and autophagy (APh) undergoing exocytosis; exosomes and ectosomes, with their extracellular vesicles (EVs). Recently many mechanisms and proteins of these solid forms have been shown to depend on UPS. An additional function of UPS is the regulation of diseases, often investigated separately from each other. In the present review, upon short presentation of UPS in healthy cells and organs, interest is focused on the mechanisms and development of diseases. The first reported are neurodegenerations, characterized by distinct properties. Additional diseases, including inflammasomes, inflammatory responses, glial effects and other diseases of various origin, are governed by proteins generated, directly or alternatively, by UPS. The diseases most intensely affected by UPS are various types of cancer, activated in most important processes: growth, proliferation and invasion, relapse, metastatic colonization, vascular leakiness, immunomodulation, chemoresistence. The therapy role of UPS diseases depends largely on exosomes. In addition to affecting neurodegenerative diseases, its special aim is the increased protection against cancer. Its immense relevance is due to intrinsic features, including low immunogenicity, biocompatibility, stability, and crossing of biological barriers. Exosomes, loaded with factors for pharmacological actions and target cell sensitivity, induce protection against various specific cancers. Further expansion of disease therapies is expected in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meldolesi Jacopo
- grid.18887.3e0000000417581884San Raffaele Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy ,CNR Institute of Neuroscience at the Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy
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35
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Li T, Liang Z, Huang W, Wang Y. Pseudotyped Virus for Henipavirus. Adv Exp Med Biol 2023; 1407:175-90. [PMID: 36920697 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-0113-5_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
The genus Henipavirus (HNV) includes two virulent infectious viruses, Nipah virus (NiV) and Hendra virus (HeV), which are the focus of considerable public health research efforts and have been classified as priority infectious diseases by the World Health Organization. Both viruses are high risk and should be handled in biosafety level 4 laboratories. Pseudotyped viruses containing the envelope proteins of HNV viruses have the same envelope protein structure as the authentic viruses; thus, they can mimic the receptor-binding and membrane fusion processes of authentic viruses with host cells and can be handled in biosafety level 2 laboratories. These characteristics enable pseudotyped viruses to be widely used in studies of viral infection mechanisms (packaging, budding, virus attachment, membrane fusion, viral entry, and glycosylation), inhibitory drug screening assays, and monoclonal antibody neutralization characteristics. This review will provide an overview of the progress of research concerning pseudotyped virus packaging systems for NiV and HeV.
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Winter SL, Chlanda P. The Art of Viral Membrane Fusion and Penetration. Subcell Biochem 2023; 106:113-152. [PMID: 38159225 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-40086-5_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
As obligate pathogens, viruses have developed diverse mechanisms to deliver their genome across host cell membranes to sites of virus replication. While enveloped viruses utilize viral fusion proteins to accomplish fusion of their envelope with the cellular membrane, non-enveloped viruses rely on machinery that causes local membrane ruptures and creates an opening through which the capsid or viral genome is released. Both membrane fusion and membrane penetration take place at the plasma membrane or in intracellular compartments, often involving the engagement of the cellular machinery and antagonism of host restriction factors. Enveloped and non-enveloped viruses have evolved intricate mechanisms to enable virus uncoating and modulation of membrane fusion in a spatiotemporally controlled manner. This chapter summarizes and discusses the current state of understanding of the mechanisms of viral membrane fusion and penetration. The focus is on the role of lipids, viral scaffold uncoating, viral membrane fusion inhibitors, and host restriction factors as physicochemical modulators. In addition, recent advances in visualizing and detecting viral membrane fusion and penetration using cryo-electron microscopy methods are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie L Winter
- Schaller Research Group, Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Petr Chlanda
- Schaller Research Group, Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
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37
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Abstract
Neurotransmitters are stored in small membrane-bound vesicles at synapses; a subset of synaptic vesicles is docked at release sites. Fusion of docked vesicles with the plasma membrane releases neurotransmitters. Membrane fusion at synapses, as well as all trafficking steps of the secretory pathway, is mediated by SNARE proteins. The SNAREs are the minimal fusion machinery. They zipper from N-termini to membrane-anchored C-termini to form a 4-helix bundle that forces the apposed membranes to fuse. At synapses, the SNAREs comprise a single helix from syntaxin and synaptobrevin; SNAP-25 contributes the other two helices to complete the bundle. Unc13 mediates synaptic vesicle docking and converts syntaxin into the permissive "open" configuration. The SM protein, Unc18, is required to initiate and proofread SNARE assembly. The SNAREs are then held in a half-zippered state by synaptotagmin and complexin. Calcium removes the synaptotagmin and complexin block, and the SNAREs drive vesicle fusion. After fusion, NSF and alpha-SNAP unwind the SNAREs and thereby recharge the system for further rounds of fusion. In this chapter, we will describe the discovery of the SNAREs, their relevant structural features, models for their function, and the central role of Unc18. In addition, we will touch upon the regulation of SNARE complex formation by Unc13, complexin, and synaptotagmin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark T Palfreyman
- School of Biological Sciences, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Sam E West
- School of Biological Sciences, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Erik M Jorgensen
- School of Biological Sciences, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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Jeschke A, Haas A. Biochemically Reconstituted Fusion of Phagosomes with Endosomes and Lysosomes. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2692:247-259. [PMID: 37365473 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3338-0_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Professional phagocytic cells, such as macrophages, ingest large particles into a specialized endocytic compartment, the phagosome, which eventually turns into a phagolysosome and degrades its contents. This phagosome "maturation" is governed by successive fusion of the phagosome with early sorting endosomes, late endosomes, and lysosomes. Further changes occur by fission of vesicles from the maturing phagosome and by on-and-off cycling of cytosolic proteins. We present here a detailed protocol which allows to reconstitute in a cell-free system the fusion events between phagosomes and the different endocytic compartments. This reconstitution can be used to define the identity of, and interplay between, key players of the fusion events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Jeschke
- Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Albert Haas
- Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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39
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Monreal IA, Aguilar HC. Cell-Cell Fusion Assays to Study Henipavirus Entry and Evaluate Therapeutics. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2682:59-69. [PMID: 37610573 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3283-3_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Henipaviruses include the deadly zoonotic Nipah (NiV) and Hendra (HeV) paramyxoviruses, which have caused recurring outbreaks in human populations. A hallmark of henipavirus infection is the induction of cell-cell fusion (syncytia), caused by the expression of the attachment (G) and fusion (F) glycoproteins on the surface of infected cells. The interactions of G and F with each other and with receptors on cellular plasma membranes drive both viral entry and syncytia formation and are thus of great interest. While F shares structural and functional homologies with class I fusion proteins of other viruses such as influenza and human immunodeficiency viruses, the intricate interactions between the G and F glycoproteins allow for unique approaches to studying the class I membrane fusion process. This allows us to study cell-cell fusion and viral entry kinetics for BSL-4 pathogens such as NiV and HeV under BSL-2 conditions using recombinant DNA techniques. Here, we present approaches to studying henipavirus-induced membrane fusion for currently identified and emerging henipaviruses, including more traditional syncytia counting-based cell-cell fusion assay and a new heterologous fluorescent dye exchange cell-cell fusion assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Abrrey Monreal
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Hector C Aguilar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
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40
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Iriondo MN, Etxaniz A, Varela YR, Ballesteros U, Lázaro M, Valle M, Fracchiolla D, Martens S, Montes LR, Goñi FM, Alonso A. Effect of ATG12-ATG5-ATG16L1 autophagy E3-like complex on the ability of LC3/GABARAP proteins to induce vesicle tethering and fusion. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:56. [PMID: 36729310 PMCID: PMC9894987 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04704-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In macroautophagy, the autophagosome (AP) engulfs portions of cytoplasm to allow their lysosomal degradation. AP formation in humans requires the concerted action of the ATG12 and LC3/GABARAP conjugation systems. The ATG12-ATG5-ATG16L1 or E3-like complex (E3 for short) acts as a ubiquitin-like E3 enzyme, promoting LC3/GABARAP proteins anchoring to the AP membrane. Their role in the AP expansion process is still unclear, in part because there are no studies comparing six LC3/GABARAP family member roles under the same conditions, and also because the full human E3 was only recently available. In the present study, the lipidation of six members of the LC3/GABARAP family has been reconstituted in the presence and absence of E3, and the mechanisms by which E3 and LC3/GABARAP proteins participate in vesicle tethering and fusion have been investigated. In the absence of E3, GABARAP and GABARAPL1 showed the highest activities. Differences found within LC3/GABARAP proteins suggest the existence of a lipidation threshold, lower for the GABARAP subfamily, as a requisite for tethering and inter-vesicular lipid mixing. E3 increases and speeds up lipidation and LC3/GABARAP-promoted tethering. However, E3 hampers LC3/GABARAP capacity to induce inter-vesicular lipid mixing or subsequent fusion, presumably through the formation of a rigid scaffold on the vesicle surface. Our results suggest a model of AP expansion in which the growing regions would be areas where the LC3/GABARAP proteins involved should be susceptible to lipidation in the absence of E3, or else a regulatory mechanism would allow vesicle incorporation and phagophore growth when E3 is present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina N. Iriondo
- Instituto Biofisika (UPV/EHU, CSIC), University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain ,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Asier Etxaniz
- Instituto Biofisika (UPV/EHU, CSIC), University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain ,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Yaiza R. Varela
- Instituto Biofisika (UPV/EHU, CSIC), University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain ,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Uxue Ballesteros
- Instituto Biofisika (UPV/EHU, CSIC), University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain ,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Melisa Lázaro
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia Spain
| | - Mikel Valle
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia Spain
| | - Dorotea Fracchiolla
- Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Vienna BioCenter, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sascha Martens
- Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Vienna BioCenter, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - L. Ruth Montes
- Instituto Biofisika (UPV/EHU, CSIC), University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain ,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Félix M. Goñi
- Instituto Biofisika (UPV/EHU, CSIC), University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain ,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Alicia Alonso
- Instituto Biofisika (UPV/EHU, CSIC), University of the Basque Country, 48940, Leioa, Spain. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country, 48940, Leioa, Spain.
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41
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Letrou M, Cribier S, Rodriguez N, Heuvingh J. Studying membrane fusion using supported lipid bilayers on superparamagnetic beads. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr 2023; 1865:184070. [PMID: 36220376 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2022.184070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The fusion between two lipid membranes is a ubiquitous mechanism in cell traffic and pathogens invasion. Yet it is not well understood how two distinct bilayers overcome the energy barriers towards fusion and reorganize themselves to form a unique continuous bilayer. The magnitudes and numbers of these energy barriers are themselves an open question. To tackle these issues, we developed a new tool that allows to control the forces applied between two supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) deposited on superparamagnetic beads. By applying a magnetic field, the beads self-organize along field lines in chains of beads and compress the two membranes on the contact zone. Using the diffusion of fluorescently labelled lipids from one bilayer to the other allows us to identify fusion of the bilayers in contact. We applied increasing forces on SLBs and increased the occurrence of fusion. This experimental system allows the simultaneous study of tens of facing bilayers in a single experiment and mitigates the stochasticity of the fusion process. It is thus a powerful tool to test the various parameters involved in the membrane fusion process.
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Abstract
Mammalian placenta formation requires continuous fusion of trophoblasts. Human endogenous retrovirus-derived proteins syncytin-1 and syncytin-2 mediate cell-cell fusion of placental cytotrophoblasts to form syncytiotrophoblasts in primates, which is required for normal placenta function and fetal development. Syncytins are post-translationally cleaved by the endoprotease furin into surface (SU) and transmembrane (TM) subunits for activation. Little is currently known about the molecular mechanisms of syncytin-mediated cell-cell fusion, and their functions have not been well studied in vitro. Here, we express tagged syncytin-2 in mammalian HEK293T cells and demonstrate that the tagging greatly influences the cleavage and fusogenic activity of syncytin-2. By detecting the N-terminal tagged SU, we find that it is released into the extracellular space during the fusion process. Furthermore, when N-linked glycosylation and disulfide bond formation are blocked, the cleavage and fusogenic activity of syncytin-2 are inhibited. Finally, we were able to purify functional syncytin-2 from HEK293T cells and incorporate it into proteoliposomes. These findings lay a solid foundation for interogating the molecular mechanisms of syncytin-2-mediated cell-cell fusion in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Sha Sun
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
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43
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Villalaín J. Interaction of Lassa virus fusion and membrane proximal peptides with late endosomal membranes. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr 2022; 1864:184031. [PMID: 35964711 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2022.184031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mammarenaviruses include many significant worldwide-widespread human pathogens, among them Lassa virus (LASV), having a dramatic morbidity and mortality rate. They are a potential high-risk menace to the worldwide public health since there are no treatments and there is a high possibility of animal-to-human and human-to-human viral transmission. These viruses enter into the cells by endocytosis fusing its membrane envelope with the late endosomal membrane thanks to the glycoprotein GP2, a membrane fusion protein of class I. This protein contains different domains, among them the N-terminal fusion peptide (NFP), the internal fusion loop (IFL), the membrane proximal external region (MPER) and the transmembrane domain (TMD). All these domains are implicated in the membrane fusion process. In this work, we have used an all-atom molecular dynamics study to know the binding of these protein domains with a complex membrane mimicking the late endosome one. We show that the NFP/IFL domain is capable of spontaneously inserting into the membrane without a significant change of secondary structure, the MPER domain locates at the bilayer interface with an orientation parallel to the membrane surface and tends to interact with other MPER domains, and the TMD domain tilts inside the bilayer. Moreover, they predominantly interact with negatively charged phospholipids. Overall, these membrane-interacting domains would characterise a target that would make possible to find effective antiviral molecules against LASV in particular and Mammarenaviruses in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Villalaín
- Institute of Research, Development, and Innovation in Healthcare Biotechnology (IDiBE), Universitas "Miguel Hernández", E-03202 Elche-Alicante, Spain.
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Kim TY, Kim JY, Kwon HC, Jeon S, Lee SJ, Jung H, Kim S, Jang DS, Lee CJ. Astersaponin I from Aster koraiensis is a natural viral fusion blocker that inhibits the infection of SARS-CoV-2 variants and syncytium formation. Antiviral Res 2022; 208:105428. [PMID: 36252824 PMCID: PMC9568284 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The continuous emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants prolongs COVID-19 pandemic. Although SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and therapeutics are currently available, there is still a need for development of safe and effective drugs against SARS-CoV-2 and also for preparedness for the next pandemic. Here, we discover that astersaponin I (AI), a triterpenoid saponin in Aster koraiensis inhibits SARS-CoV-2 entry pathways at the plasma membrane and within the endosomal compartments mainly by increasing cholesterol content in the plasma membrane and interfering with the fusion of SARS-CoV-2 envelope with the host cell membrane. Moreover, we find that this functional property of AI as a fusion blocker enables it to inhibit the infection with SARS-CoV-2 variants including the Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron with a similar efficacy, and the formation of syncytium, a multinucleated cells driven by SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-mediated cell-to-cell fusion. Finally, we claim that the triterpene backbone as well as the attached hydrophilic sugar moieties of AI are structurally important for its inhibitory activity against the membrane fusion event. Overall, this study demonstrates that AI is a natural viral fusion inhibitor and proposes that it can be a broad-spectrum antiviral agent against current COVID-19 pandemic and future outbreaks of novel viral pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai Young Kim
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, 34126, South Korea
| | - Ji-Young Kim
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
| | - Hak Cheol Kwon
- KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung, 25451, South Korea
| | - Sangeun Jeon
- Zoonotic Virus Laboratory, Institut Pasteur Korea, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Sol Ji Lee
- IBS Virus Facility, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, 34126, South Korea
| | - Haejin Jung
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Research Solution Center, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, 34126, South Korea
| | - Seungtaek Kim
- Zoonotic Virus Laboratory, Institut Pasteur Korea, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Dae Sik Jang
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, South Korea.
| | - C Justin Lee
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, 34126, South Korea.
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45
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Özdemir Ç, Şahin N, Edgünlü T. Vesicle trafficking with snares: a perspective for autism. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:12193-12202. [PMID: 36198849 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07970-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Vesicle-mediated membrane traffic is the mechanism fundamental to many biological events, especially the release of neurotransmitters. The main proteins of the mechanism that mediates membrane fusion in vesicle-mediated membrane traffic are N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor (NSF) supplemental protein (SNAP) receptor (SNAREs) proteins. SNAREs are classified into vesicle-associated SNAREs (vesicle-SNAREs/v-SNAREs) and target membrane-associated SNAREs (target-SNARE/t-SNAREs). Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by many symptoms, especially complications in social communication and stereotypical behaviours. Defects in synaptogenesis and neurotransmission, oxidative stress, and developmental defects in the early stages of development are defined in the pathogenesis of the disease. SNARE proteins are on the basis of synaptogenesis and neurotransmission. Although the formation mechanisms and underlying causes of the SNARE complex are not fully understood, expression differences, polymorphisms, abnormal expressions or dysfunctions of the proteins that make up the SNARE complex have been associated with many neurodevelopmental diseases, including autism. Further understanding of SNARE mechanisms is crucial both for understanding ASD and for developing new treatments. In this review, the formation mechanisms of the SNARE complex and the roles of various factors involved in this process are explained. In addition, a brief evaluation of clinical and basic studies on the SNARE complex in autism spectrum disorders was made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Çilem Özdemir
- Department of Medical Biology, Health Sciences Institution, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Nilfer Şahin
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Diseases School of Medicine, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Tuba Edgünlü
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, 48000, Mugla, Turkey.
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46
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Jang Y, Young Kim T, Jeon S, Lim H, Lee J, Kim S, Justin Lee C, Han S. Synthesis and structure-activity relationship study of saponin-based membrane fusion inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2. Bioorg Chem 2022; 127:105985. [PMID: 35809512 PMCID: PMC9233891 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We previously discovered that triterpenoid saponin platycodin D inhibits the SARS-CoV-2 entry to the host cell. Herein, we synthesized various saponin derivatives and established a structure-activity relationship of saponin-based antiviral agents against SARS-CoV-2. We discovered that the C3-glucose, the C28-oligosaccharide moiety that consist of (→3)-β-d-Xyl-(1 → 4)-α-l-Rham-(1 → 2)-β-d-Ara-(1 → ) as the last three sugar units, and the C16-hydroxyl group were critical components of saponin-based coronavirus cell entry inhibitors. These findings enabled us to develop minimal saponin-based antiviral agents that are equipotent to the originally discovered platycodin D. We found that our saponin-based antiviral agents inhibited both the endosomal and transmembrane protease serine 2-mediated cell surface viral entries. Cell fusion assay experiment revealed that our newly developed compounds inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 entry by blocking the fusion between the viral and host cell membranes. The effectiveness of the newly developed antiviral agents over various SARS-CoV-2 variants hints at the broad-spectrum antiviral efficacy of saponin-based therapeutics against future coronavirus variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngho Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Tai Young Kim
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Cognitive Glioscience Group, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangeun Jeon
- Zoonotic Virus Laboratory, Institut Pasteur Korea, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonggeun Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - JinAh Lee
- Zoonotic Virus Laboratory, Institut Pasteur Korea, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungtaek Kim
- Zoonotic Virus Laboratory, Institut Pasteur Korea, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea.
| | - C. Justin Lee
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Cognitive Glioscience Group, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea,Corresponding authors
| | - Sunkyu Han
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea.
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47
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Pan P, Dong X, Chen Y, Ye JJ, Sun YX, Zhang XZ. A heterogenic membrane-based biomimetic hybrid nanoplatform for combining radiotherapy and immunotherapy against breast cancer. Biomaterials 2022; 289:121810. [PMID: 36152517 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is adopted to obliterate multiple malignant tumors clinically, which might also induce antitumor immune response. However, traditional radiotherapy is not enough to ablate tumors and activate long-term immunological response. Here, we developed a hybrid nanoplatform (MGTe) composed of GTe (glutathione (GSH) decorated Te nanoparticles) and fusing tumor cell membranes (TM) and bacterial outer membranes (BM). In this nanoplatform, GTe was designed for radiotherapy sensitization, concurrently the fusion of TM and BM was expected for amplifying antitumor immune. With a high-Z element, MGTe could enhance radiosensitivity by reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cancer cell immunogenic death (ICD) under X-ray irradiation, which would also trigger antitumor immune. At meanwhile, TM and BM would further enlarge the immunological effects through antigen presenting cells (APCs) maturation and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) stimulation. In this synergistic strategy, the combination of MGTe and X-ray showed significant tumor inhibition by radiation-driven immunotherapy, which will find great potential as an attractive clinical alternative to fight against tumor with reduced side effects.
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48
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Zakirova E, Aimaletdinov A, Mansurova M, Titova A, Kurilov I, Rutland CS, Malanyeva A, Rizvanov A. Artificial Microvesicles: New Perspective on Healing Tendon Wounds. Cells Tissues Organs 2022; 213:24-39. [PMID: 36049461 DOI: 10.1159/000526845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tendons have a limited capacity to repair both naturally and following clinical interventions. Damaged tissue often presents with structural and functional differences, adversely affecting animal performance, mobility, health, and welfare. Advances in cell therapies have started to overcome some of these issues, however complications such as the formation of ectopic bone remain a complication of this technique. Regenerative medicine is therefore looking toward future therapies such as the introduction of microvesicles (MVs) derived from stem cells (SCs). The aim of the present study was to assess the characteristics of artificially derived MVs, from equine mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), when delivered to rat tendon cells in vitro and damaged tendons in vivo. The initial stages of extracting MVs from equine MSCs and identifying and characterizing the cultured tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSCs) from rat Achilles tendons were undertaken successfully. The horse MSCs and the rat tendon cells were both capable of differentiating in 3 directions: adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic pathways. The artificially derived equine MVs successfully fused with the TSC membranes, and no cytotoxic or cytostimulating effects were observed. In addition, co-cultivation of TSCs with MVs led to stimulation of cell proliferation and migration, and cytokine VEGF and fractalkine expression levels were significantly increased. These experiments are the first to show that artificially derived MVs exhibited regeneration-stimulating effects in vitro, and that fusion of cytoplasmic membranes from diploid cell lines originating from different species was possible. The experiment in vivo demonstrated the influence of MVs on synthesis of collagen I and III types in damaged tendons of rats. Explorations in vivo showed accelerated regeneration of injured tendons after introduction of the MVs into damaged areas. The results from the studies performed indicated obvious positive modifying effects following the administration of MVs. This represents the initial successful step required prior to translating this regenerative medicine technique into clinical trials, such as for tendon repair in injured horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Zakirova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Aimaletdinov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Milana Mansurova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Angelina Titova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Igor Kurilov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Catrin Sian Rutland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Albina Malanyeva
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation,
| | - Albert Rizvanov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation
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49
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Li H, Cheng C, Shi S, Wu Y, Gao Y, Liu Z, Liu M, Li Z, Huo L, Pan X, Liu S, Song G. Identification, optimization, and biological evaluation of 3-O-β-chacotriosyl ursolic acid derivatives as novel SARS-CoV-2 entry inhibitors by targeting the prefusion state of spike protein. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 238:114426. [PMID: 35551037 PMCID: PMC9076589 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic generates a global threat to public health and continuously emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants bring a great challenge to the development of both vaccines and antiviral agents. In this study, we identified UA-18 and its optimized analog UA-30 via the hit-to-lead strategy as novel SARS-CoV-2 fusion inhibitors. The lead compound UA-30 showed potent antiviral activity against infectious SARS-CoV-2 (wuhan-HU-1 variant) in Vero-E6 cells and was also effective against infection of diverse pseudotyped SARS-CoV-2 variants with mutations in the S protein including the Omicron and Delta variants. More importantly, UA-30 might target the cavity between S1 and S2 subunits to stabilize the prefusion state of the SARS-CoV-2 S protein, thus leading to interfering with virus-cell membrane fusion. This study offers a set of novel SARS-CoV-2 fusion inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants based on the 3-O-β-chacotriosyl UA skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Chen Cheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Shanshan Shi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Basic Medicine and Public Hygiene, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yongfeng Gao
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Mingjian Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhaodong Li
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Lijian Huo
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xiaoyan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Shuwen Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Gaopeng Song
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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50
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Enoiu SI, Nygaard MB, Bungum M, Ziebe S, Petersen MR, Almstrup K. Expression of membrane fusion proteins in spermatozoa and total fertilisation failure during in vitro fertilisation. Andrology 2022; 10:1317-1327. [PMID: 35727923 PMCID: PMC9540887 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Couples increasingly experience infertility and seek help from assisted reproductive techniques to become pregnant. However, 5%–15% of the couples that are selected for in vitro fertilisation (IVF) experience a total fertilisation failure (TFF), where no zygotes develop despite oocytes and semen parameters appear to be normal. We hypothesise that TFF during IVF could be related to improper membrane fusion of gametes. Objective To investigate the membrane integrity and fusion proteins in spermatozoa from men in couples experiencing TFF. Materials and methods A total of 33 infertile couples, 17 of which experienced TFF during IVF and 16 matched control couples with normal IVF fertilisation rates, were selected and the men re‐called to deliver an additional semen sample. Proteins involved in gamete membrane fusion on spermatozoa (IZUMO1, SPESP1 and Syncytin‐1) as well as O‐glycosylation patterns (Tn and GALNT3), were investigated by immunofluorescence. The DNA fragmentation index, acrosomal integrity and viability of spermatozoa were determined by flow and image cytometry. Results No significant changes in the expression of GALNT3, Tn and Syncytin‐1 were observed between the TFF and control groups. The fraction of spermatozoa expressing SPESP1, the median IZUMO1 staining intensity, and the percentage of viable acrosome‐intact spermatozoa were significantly lower in the TFF group compared to controls. Furthermore, following progesterone‐induced acrosomal exocytosis, a significant difference in the fraction of spermatozoa expressing SPESP1 and the median IZUMO1 staining intensity were observed between the control and TFF group. Discussion and conclusion Our results indicate that acrosomal exocytosis, IZUMO1 and SPESP1 expression in spermatozoa could play a crucial role in achieving fertilisation during IVF. However, the size of our cohort was quite small, and our results need to be validated with quantitative methods in larger cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Ioana Enoiu
- The Fertility Clinic, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark.,Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Marie Berg Nygaard
- The Fertility Clinic, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark.,Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Mona Bungum
- Reproductive Medicine Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmo, Sweden
| | - Søren Ziebe
- The Fertility Clinic, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Morten R Petersen
- The Fertility Clinic, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Kristian Almstrup
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark.,International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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