Model-Directed Design of Tissue Engineering Scaffolds

Navigating the challenges and exploring the perspectives associated with emerging novel biomaterials

The field of biomaterials is a continuously evolving interdisciplinary field encompassing biological sciences, materials sciences, chemical sciences, and physical sciences with a multitude of applications realized every year. However, different biomaterials developed for different applications have unique challenges in the form of biological barriers, and addressing these challenges simultaneously is also a challenge. Nevertheless, immense progress has been made through the development of novel materials with minimal adverse effects such as DNA nanostructures, specific synthesis strategies based on supramolecular chemistry, and modulating the shortcomings of existing biomaterials through effective functionalization techniques. This review discusses all these aspects of biomaterials, including the challenges at each level of their development and application, proposed countermeasures for these challenges, and some future directions that may have potential benefits.

Structural DNA nanotechnology at the nexus of next-generation bio-applications: challenges and perspectives

DNA nanotechnology has significantly progressed in the last four decades, creating nucleic acid structures widely used in various biological applications. The structural flexibility, programmability, and multiform customization of DNA-based nanostructures make them ideal for creating structures of all sizes and shapes and multivalent drug delivery systems. Since then, DNA nanotechnology has advanced significantly, and numerous DNA nanostructures have been used in biology and other scientific disciplines. Despite the progress made in DNA nanotechnology, challenges still need to be addressed before DNA nanostructures can be widely used in biological interfaces. We can open the door for upcoming uses of DNA nanoparticles by tackling these issues and looking into new avenues. The historical development of various DNA nanomaterials has been thoroughly examined in this review, along with the underlying theoretical underpinnings, a summary of their applications in various fields, and an examination of the current roadblocks and potential future directions.