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Chen S, Chen Y, Gao Y, Han B, Wang T, Dong H, Chen L. Toxic effects and mechanisms of nanoplastics on embryonic brain development using brain organoids model. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:166913. [PMID: 37689192 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplastics can be easily absorbed into the human body through inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact due to their physicochemical property. Despite the numerous studies postulating the potential adverse effects of environmental exposure to nanoplastics on neurodevelopment, the effects of nanoplastics and their regulatory mechanisms have not been specifically elucidated. We focused on the toxic effects of nanoplastics on brain developmental processes by investigating their interactions with brain organoids. Our findings indicated that nanoplastics exposure caused cellular dysfunction and structural disorders. Nanoplastics adversely affected critical cells in brain organoids, resulting in the reduction of neural precursor cells and neuronal cells. The expression of neural cadherin was also inhibited, which might lead to impaired axonal extension and formation of synaptic connections. In addition, transcriptome sequencing was performed to study the effects of different concentrations of nanoplastics on the signaling pathway. The qRT-PCR analysis confirmed that nanoplastics exposure resulted in decreased expression of several genes related to the Wnt signaling pathway, suggesting that nanoplastics may adversely affect embryonic brain growth through the suppression of the expression of these genes. Our research findings shed light on the deleterious effects of nanoplastics on embryonic brain development and have significant implications for the field of environmental toxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqun Chen
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin 300211, China; Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Yifei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bin Han
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Huajiang Dong
- Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin 300189, China
| | - Liqun Chen
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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Wang H, Xu T, Yin D. Emerging trends in the methodology of environmental toxicology: 3D cell culture and its applications. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159501. [PMID: 36265616 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Human diseases and health concerns caused by environmental pollutants are globally emerging. Therefore, rapid and efficient evaluation of the effects of environmental pollutants on human health is essential. Due to the significant differences between humans and animals and the lack of physiologically related environments, animal models and two-dimensional (2D) culture cannot accurately describe toxicological effects and predict actual in vivo responses. To make up for the limitations of traditional environmental toxicology screening, three-dimensional (3D) culture has been developed. The 3D culture could provide a good organizational structure comparable to the complex internal environment of humans and produce a more realistic response to environmental pollutants, which has been used in drug development, toxicity evaluation, personalized therapy and biological mechanism research. The goal of environmental toxicology is to provide clues and support for the risk assessment and management of environmental pollutants. With the development of 3D culture that can reproduce specific physiological aspects loaded with specific cells that reflect human biology, interactions between pollutants and target tissues and organs can be explored to assess the acute and chronic adverse health effects of exposure to various environmental toxins. The 3D culture with great potential shows broad prospects in toxicology research and is expected to bridge the gap between 2D culture and animal models eventually. In this sense, we strongly recommend that 3D culture be used to identify and understand environmental toxins, which will greatly facilitate the public's comprehensive understanding of environmental toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Daqiang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Azadpour B, Kashanian F, Habibi-Rezaei M, Seyyed Ebrahimi SA, Yazdanpanah R, Lalegani Z, Hamawandi B. Covalently-Bonded Coating of L-Arginine Modified Magnetic Nanoparticles with Dextran Using Co-Precipitation Method. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8762. [PMID: 36556567 PMCID: PMC9784741 DOI: 10.3390/ma15248762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, L-arginine (Arg) modified magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (RMNPs) were firstly synthesized through a one-step co-precipitation method, and then these aminated nanoparticles (NPs) were, again, coated by pre-oxidized dextran (Dext), in which aldehyde groups (DextCHO) have been introduced on the polymer chain successfully via a strong chemical linkage. Arg, an amino acid, acts as a mediator to link the Dext to a magnetic core. The as-synthesized Arg-modified and Dext-coated arginine modified Fe3O4 NPs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Both synthesized samples, XRD pattern and FT-IR spectra proved that the core is magnetite. FT-IR confirmed that the chemical bonds of Arg and Dext both exist in the samples. SEM images showed that the NPs are spherical and have an acceptable distribution size, and the VSM analysis indicated the superparamagnetic behavior of samples. The saturation magnetization was decreased after Dext coating, which confirms successive coating RMNPs with Text. In addition, the TGA analysis demonstrated that the prepared magnetic nanocomposites underwent various weight loss levels, which admitted the modification of magnetic cores with Arg and further coating with Dext.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnam Azadpour
- Advanced Magnetic Materials Research Center, School of Metallurgy and Materials, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 111554563, Iran
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran 111554563, Iran
| | - Faezeh Kashanian
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran 111554563, Iran
| | - Mehran Habibi-Rezaei
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran 111554563, Iran
| | - Seyyed Ali Seyyed Ebrahimi
- Advanced Magnetic Materials Research Center, School of Metallurgy and Materials, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 111554563, Iran
| | - Roozbeh Yazdanpanah
- Advanced Magnetic Materials Research Center, School of Metallurgy and Materials, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 111554563, Iran
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran 111554563, Iran
| | - Zahra Lalegani
- Advanced Magnetic Materials Research Center, School of Metallurgy and Materials, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 111554563, Iran
| | - Bejan Hamawandi
- Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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Stanton JE, Grabrucker AM. The use of organoids in food research. Curr Opin Food Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2022.100977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Hua T, Kiran S, Li Y, Sang QXA. Microplastics exposure affects neural development of human pluripotent stem cell-derived cortical spheroids. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 435:128884. [PMID: 35483261 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Plastics have been part of our ecosystem for about a century and their degradation by different environmental factors produce secondary microplastics (MPs). To date, the impact of MPs on human health has not been well investigated. To understand the possible effects of polystyrene-MPs (PS-MPs) on the human brain, a 3D model of human forebrain cortical spheroids has been derived, which mimics early development of human cerebral cortex. The spheroids were exposed to 100, 50, and 5 µg/mL of 1 µm and 10 µm PS-MPs during day 4-10 and day 4-30. The short-term MP exposure showed the promoted proliferation and high gene expression of Nestin, PAX6, ATF4, HOXB4 and SOD2. For long-term exposure, reduced cell viability was observed. Moreover, changes in size and concentration of PS-MPs altered the gene expression of DNA damage and neural tissue patterning. In particular, β-tubulin III, Nestin, and TBR1/TBR2 gene expression decreased in PS-MP treated conditions compare to the untreated control. The results of this study suggest that the size- and concentration-dependent exposure to PS-MPs can adversely affect embryonic brain-like tissue development in forebrain cerebral spheroids. This study has significance in assessing environmental factors in neurotoxicity and degeneration in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Hua
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States.
| | - Sonia Kiran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States.
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States.
| | - Qing-Xiang Amy Sang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States.
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