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Li M, Liu N, Zhu J, Wu Y, Niu L, Liu Y, Chen L, Bai B, Miao Y, Yang Y, Chen Q. Engineered probiotics with sustained release of interleukin-2 for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease after oral delivery. Biomaterials 2024; 309:122584. [PMID: 38735180 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a kind of auto-immune disease characterized by disrupted intestinal barrier and mucosal epithelium, imbalanced gut microbiome and deregulated immune responses. Therefore, the restoration of immune equilibrium and gut microbiota could potentially serve as a hopeful approach for treating IBD. Herein, the oral probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (ECN) was genetically engineered to express secretable interleukin-2 (IL-2), a kind of immunomodulatory agent, for the treatment of IBD. In our design, probiotic itself has the ability to regulate the gut microenvironment and IL-2 at low dose could selectively promote the generation of regulatory T cells to elicit tolerogenic immune responses. To improve the bioavailability of ECN expressing IL-2 (ECN-IL2) in the gastrointestinal tract, enteric coating Eudragit L100-55 was used to coat ECN-IL2, achieving significantly enhanced accumulation of engineered probiotics in the intestine. More importantly, L100-55 coated ECN-IL2 could effectively activated Treg cells to regulate innate immune responses and gut microbiota, thereby relieve inflammation and repair the colon epithelial barrier in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) induced IBD. Therefore, genetically and chemically modified probiotics with excellent biocompatibility and efficiency in regulating intestinal microflora and intestinal inflammation show great potential for IBD treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoyi Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Nanhui Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jiafei Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yumin Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Le Niu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital School of Medicine Tong ji University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Linfu Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Boxiong Bai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yu Miao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital School of Medicine Tong ji University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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Li C, Wang ZX, Xiao H, Wu FG. Intestinal Delivery of Probiotics: Materials, Strategies, and Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2310174. [PMID: 38245861 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Probiotics with diverse and crucial properties and functions have attracted broad interest from many researchers, who adopt intestinal delivery of probiotics to modulate the gut microbiota. However, the major problems faced for the therapeutic applications of probiotics are the viability and colonization of probiotics during their processing, oral intake, and subsequent delivery to the gut. The challenges of simple oral delivery (stability, controllability, targeting, etc.) have greatly limited the use of probiotics in clinical therapies. Nanotechnology can endow the probiotics to be delivered to the intestine with improved survival rate and increased resistance to the adverse environment. Additionally, the progress in synthetic biology has created new opportunities for efficiently and purposefully designing and manipulating the probiotics. In this article, a brief overview of the types of probiotics for intestinal delivery, the current progress of different probiotic encapsulation strategies, including the chemical, physical, and genetic strategies and their combinations, and the emerging single-cell encapsulation strategies using nanocoating methods, is presented. The action mechanisms of probiotics that are responsible for eliciting beneficial effects are also briefly discussed. Finally, the therapeutic applications of engineered probiotics are discussed, and the future trends toward developing engineered probiotics with advanced features and improved health benefits are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Li
- International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials and Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Zi-Xi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Huining Xiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Fu-Gen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
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Jiang N, Ding W, Zhu X, Chen J, Yang L, Yi X, Zhuang Y, Qian J, Huang J. Lipid-Encapsulated Engineered Bacterial Living Materials Inhibit Cyclooxygenase II to Enhance Doxorubicin Toxicity. BIODESIGN RESEARCH 2024; 6:0038. [PMID: 38919710 PMCID: PMC11197476 DOI: 10.34133/bdr.0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, there has been increasing interest in the use of bacteria for cancer therapy due to their ability to selectively target tumor sites and inhibit tumor growth. However, the complexity of the interaction between bacteria and tumor cells evokes unpredictable therapeutic risk, which induces inflammation, stimulates the up-regulation of cyclooxygenase II (COX-2) protein, and stimulates downstream antiapoptotic gene expression in the tumor microenvironment to reduce the antitumor efficacy of chemotherapy and immunotherapy. In this study, we encapsulated celecoxib (CXB), a specific COX-2 inhibitor, in liposomes anchored to the surface of Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (ECN) through electrostatic absorption (C@ECN) to suppress ECN-induced COX-2 up-regulation and enhance the synergistic antitumor effect of doxorubicin (DOX). C@ECN improved the antitumor effect of DOX by restraining COX-2 expression. In addition, local T lymphocyte infiltration was induced by the ECN to enhance immunotherapy efficacy in the tumor microenvironment. Considering the biosafety of C@ECN, a hypoxia-induced lysis circuit, pGEX-Pvhb-Lysis, was introduced into the ECN to limit the number of ECNs in vivo. Our results indicate that this system has the potential to enhance the synergistic effect of ECN with chemical drugs to inhibit tumor progression in medical oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering,
East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), Shanghai 200237, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing (SCICB),
East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wanqing Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering,
East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), Shanghai 200237, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing (SCICB),
East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering,
East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), Shanghai 200237, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing (SCICB),
East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jianshu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering,
East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), Shanghai 200237, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing (SCICB),
East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Lin Yang
- College of Life Science,
Jiangxi Normal University (JXNU), Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Xiaoping Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering,
East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yingping Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering,
East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), Shanghai 200237, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing (SCICB),
East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiangchao Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering,
East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiaofang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering,
East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), Shanghai 200237, China
- College of Life Science,
Jiangxi Normal University (JXNU), Nanchang 330022, China
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Debnath N, Yadav P, Mehta PK, Gupta P, Kumar D, Kumar A, Gautam V, Yadav AK. Designer probiotics: Opening the new horizon in diagnosis and prevention of human diseases. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024; 121:100-117. [PMID: 37881101 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Probiotic microorganisms have been used for therapeutic purposes for over a century, and recent advances in biotechnology and genetic engineering have opened up new possibilities for developing therapeutic approaches using indigenous probiotic microorganisms. Diseases are often related to metabolic and immunological factors, which play a critical role in their onset. With the help of advanced genetic tools, probiotics can be modified to produce or secrete important therapeutic peptides directly into mucosal sites, increasing their effectiveness. One potential approach to enhancing human health is through the use of designer probiotics, which possess immunogenic characteristics. These genetically engineered probiotics hold promise in providing novel therapeutic options. In addition to their immunogenic properties, designer probiotics can also be equipped with sensors and genetic circuits, enabling them to detect a range of diseases with remarkable precision. Such capabilities may significantly advance disease diagnosis and management. Furthermore, designer probiotics have the potential to be used in diagnostic applications, offering a less invasive and more cost-effective alternative to conventional diagnostic techniques. This review offers an overview of the different functional aspects of the designer probiotics and their effectiveness on different diseases and also, we have emphasized their limitations and future implications. A comprehensive understanding of these functional attributes may pave the way for new avenues of prevention and the development of effective therapies for a range of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabendu Debnath
- Centre for Molecular Biology, Central University of Jammu, Samba, Jammu and Kashmir (UT), India
| | - Pooja Yadav
- Centre for Molecular Biology, Central University of Jammu, Samba, Jammu and Kashmir (UT), India
| | - Praveen K Mehta
- Centre for Molecular Biology, Central University of Jammu, Samba, Jammu and Kashmir (UT), India
| | - Priyamvada Gupta
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Department of Nutrition Biology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana, India
| | - Vibhav Gautam
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashok K Yadav
- Centre for Molecular Biology, Central University of Jammu, Samba, Jammu and Kashmir (UT), India
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Guo N, Lv L. Mechanistic insights into the role of probiotics in modulating immune cells in ulcerative colitis. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e1045. [PMID: 37904683 PMCID: PMC10571014 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a persistent inflammatory disorder that affects the gastrointestinal tract, mainly the colon, which is defined by inflammatory responses and the formation of ulcers. Probiotics have been shown to directly impact various immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, and T and B cells. By interacting with cell surface receptors, they regulate immune cell activity, produce metabolites that influence immune responses, and control the release of cytokines and chemokines. METHODS This article is a comprehensive review wherein we conducted an exhaustive search across published literature, utilizing reputable databases like PubMed and Web of Science. Our focus centered on pertinent keywords, such as "UC," 'DSS," "TNBS," "immune cells," and "inflammatory cytokines," to compile the most current insights regarding the therapeutic potential of probiotics in managing UC. RESULTS This overview aims to provide readers with a comprehensive understanding of the effects of probiotics on immune cells in relation to UC. Probiotics have a crucial role in promoting the proliferation of regulatory T cells (Tregs), which are necessary for preserving immunological homeostasis and regulating inflammatory responses. They also decrease the activation of pro-inflammatory cells like T helper 1 (Th1) and Th17 cells, contributing to UC development. Thus, probiotics significantly impact both direct and indirect pathways of immune cell regulation in UC, promoting Treg differentiation, inhibiting pro-inflammatory cell activation, and regulating cytokine and chemokine release. CONCLUSION Probiotics demonstrate significant potential in modulating the immune reactions in UC. Their capacity to modulate different immune cells and inflammation-related processes makes them a promising therapeutic approach for managing UC. However, further studies are warranted to optimize their use and fully elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying their beneficial effects in UC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Guo
- Department of GastroenterologyShengzhou People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University Shengzhou Branch)ShengzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina
| | - Lu‐lu Lv
- Department of GastroenterologyShengzhou People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University Shengzhou Branch)ShengzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina
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Goodson M. ACS Biomaterials Science and Engineering Special Issue Editorial: Design and Evaluation of Engineered Probiotics. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:5098-5100. [PMID: 37691547 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
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