1
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Balhara R, Jindal G. Unveiling the importance of catalyst framework and non covalent interactions in an asymmetric Fe-catalyzed O-H insertion: insights from computational tools. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024. [PMID: 39207403 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc03498h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Fe-based catalysts as well as enzymes typically yield low stereoselectivity for carbene insertion into X-H bonds. Here, we have utilized DFT methods to understand the mechanism and unusually high enantioselectivity in an Fe-spiroBox catalyzed carbene insertion reaction into the O-H bond of aliphatic alcohols. Our transition state model shows a unique binding of the reaction intermediates to the chiral catalyst enabled by weak non covalent interactions that is absent in other X-H insertion reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reena Balhara
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India.
| | - Garima Jindal
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India.
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2
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Tantillo DJ. Quantum Chemical Interrogation of Reactions Promoted by Dirhodium Tetracarboxylate Catalysts─Mechanism, Selectivity, and Nonstatistical Dynamic Effects. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:1931-1940. [PMID: 38920276 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.4c00214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
ConspectusRh2L4 catalysts have risen in popularity in the world of organic synthesis, being used to accomplish a variety of reactions, including C-H insertion and cyclopropanation, and often doing so with high levels of stereocontrol. While the mechanisms and origins of selectivity for such reactions have been examined with computational quantum chemistry for decades, only recently have detailed pictures of the dynamic behavior of reacting Rh2L4-complexed molecules become accessible. Our computational studies on Rh2L4 catalyzed reactions are described here, with a focus on C-H insertion reactions of Rh2L4-carbenes. Several issues complicate the modeling of these reactions, each providing an opportunity for greater understanding and each revealing issues that should be incorporated into future rational design efforts. First, the fundamental mechanism of C-H insertion is discussed. While early quantum chemical studies pointed to transition structures with 3-center [C-H-C] substructures and asynchronous hydride transfer/C-C bond formation, recent examples of reactions with particularly flat potential energy surfaces and even discrete zwitterionic intermediates have been found. These reactions are associated with systems bearing π-donating groups at the site of hydride transfer, allowing for an intermediate with a carbocation substructure at that site to be selectively stabilized. Second, the possible importance of solvent coordination at the Rh atom distal to the carbene is discussed. While effects on reactivity and selectivity were found to be small, they turn out not to be negligible in some cases. Third, it is shown that, in contrast to many other transition metal promoted reactions, many Rh2L4 catalyzed reactions likely involve dissociation of the Rh2L4 catalyst before key chemical steps leading to products. When to expect dissociation is associated with specific features of substrates and the product-forming reactions in question. Often, dissociation precedes transition structures for pericyclic reactions that involve electrons that would otherwise bind to Rh2L4. Finally, the importance of nonstatistical dynamic effects, characterized through ab initio molecular dynamics studies, in some Rh2L4 catalyzed reactions is discussed. These are reactions where transition structures are shown to be followed by flat regions, very shallow minima, and/or pathways that bifurcate, all allowing for trajectories from a single transition state to form multiple different products. The likelihood of encountering such a situation is shown to be associated again with the likelihood of formation of zwitterionic structures along reaction paths, but ones for which pathways to multiple products are expected to be associated with very low or no barriers. The connection between these features and reduced yields of desired products are highlighted, as are the means by which some Rh2L4 catalysts modulate dynamic behavior to produce particular products in high yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean J Tantillo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California─Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
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3
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Vaid H, Sharma A, Jamwal P, Sharma P, Gurubrahamam R. Doyle-Kirmse Reaction on Alkynyl Hydrazone Carboxylates: Synthesis of 1,4-Allenyne and 1,5-Enyne Thioaryl Carboxylates. Org Lett 2024; 26:2135-2140. [PMID: 38426872 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The first Doyle-Kirmse reaction on alkynyl diazoacetates using allyl/propargyl sulfides is reported. The development provides diversified 1,5-enyne and 1,4-allenyne thioaryl carboxylates in good yields under ligand-/additive-free AuCl and Rh2(OAc)4 catalysis, respectively (48 examples, up to 96% yield). The study demonstrated the dual role of allyl sulfide as a ligand and substrate. Also, we have exemplified various synthetic modifications of the products to showcase the utility of different functional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himani Vaid
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, NH-44, PO Nagrota, Jagti, Jammu and Kashmir 181221, India
| | - Akashdeep Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, NH-44, PO Nagrota, Jagti, Jammu and Kashmir 181221, India
| | - Paru Jamwal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, NH-44, PO Nagrota, Jagti, Jammu and Kashmir 181221, India
| | - Pryanka Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, NH-44, PO Nagrota, Jagti, Jammu and Kashmir 181221, India
| | - Ramani Gurubrahamam
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, NH-44, PO Nagrota, Jagti, Jammu and Kashmir 181221, India
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4
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Midya S, Hari DP. A highly diastereoselective strain-release Doyle-Kirmse reaction: access to functionalized difluoro(methylene)cyclopropanes. Chem Sci 2023; 14:13560-13567. [PMID: 38033902 PMCID: PMC10685340 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04749k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Difluoro(methylene)cyclopropanes (F2MCPs) show better anti-cancer properties and chemical reactivities compared to their nonfluorinated analogues. However, catalytic stereoselective methods to access these privileged motifs still remain a challenging goal. The Doyle-Kirmse reaction is a powerful strategy for the concomitant formation of carbon-carbon and carbon-sulfur bonds. Although the enantioselective variants of this reaction have been achieved with high levels of selectivity, the methods that control the diastereoselectivity have been only moderately successful. Herein, we report a catalytic, highly diastereoselective strain-release Doyle-Kirmse reaction for synthesizing functionalized F2MCPs using an inexpensive copper catalyst. The transformation proceeds under mild conditions and displays excellent functional group compatibility on both diazo compounds and difluorocyclopropenyl methyl sulfane/selane derivatives. Furthermore, the obtained products were efficiently transformed into valuable building blocks, such as functionalized spiroheterocycles, difluorocyclopropanes, and skipped dienes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suparnak Midya
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
| | - Durga Prasad Hari
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
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5
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Harariya MS, Gogoi R, Goswami A, Sharma AK, Jindal G. Is Enol Always the Culprit? The Curious Case of High Enantioselectivity in a Chiral Rh(II) Complex Catalyzed Carbene Insertion Reaction. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301910. [PMID: 37665257 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of Rh2 (S-NTTL)4 catalyzed carbene insertion into C(3)-H of indole is investigated using DFT methods. Since the commonly accepted enol mechanism cannot account for enantioinduction, a concerted oxocarbenium pathway was proposed in an earlier work using a model catalyst. However, after considering the full catalytic system, this study finds that akin to other reactions, here, too, the enol pathway is of lower energy, which now naturally raises a conundrum regarding the mode of chiral induction. Herein, a new water promoted mechanistic pathway involving a metal-associated enol intermediate hydrogen bonding and stereochemical model are proposed to solve this puzzle. It is shown how the catalyst bowl-shaped structure along with substrate-catalyst binding is crucial for achieving high levels of enantioselectivity. A stereodetermining water-assisted proton transfer is proposed and confirmed through deuterium-labeling experiments. The water molecules are held together by H-bonding interactions with the carboxylate ligands that is reminiscent of enzyme catalysis. Although several previous studies have aimed at understanding the mechanism of metal catalyzed carbene insertion reactions, the origin of high stereoinduction especially with chiral metal complexes remains unclear, and till date there is no transition state model that can explain the high enantioselectivity with such chiral Rh complexes. The metal-associated enol pathway is currently underrepresented in catalytic cycles and may play a crucial role in catalyst design. Since the enol pathway is commonly adopted in other metal-catalyzed X-H insertion reactions involving a diazoester, the presented results are not specific to the current reaction. Therefore, this study could provide the direction for achieving high levels of enantioselectivity which is otherwise difficult to achieve with a single metal catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh S Harariya
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | - Romin Gogoi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | - Anubhav Goswami
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | - Akhilesh K Sharma
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Avgda. Països Catalans, 1643007, Tarragona, 560012, Spain
| | - Garima Jindal
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560012, India
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6
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Laconsay CJ, Tantillo DJ. Modulating Escape Channels of Cycloheptatrienyl Rhodium Carbenes To Form Semibullvalene. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37335974 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
We describe the various escape channels available to dirhodium carbene intermediates from cycloheptatrienyl diazo compounds located with density functional theory. An intramolecular cyclopropanation would, in principle, provide a new route to semibullvalenes (SBVs). A detailed exploration of the potential energy surface reveals that methylating carbon-7 suppresses a competing β-hydride migration pathway to heptafulvene products, giving SBV formation a reasonable chance. During our explorations, we additionally discovered unusual spirononatriene, spironorcaradiene, and metal-stabilized 9-barbaralyl cation structures as local minima.
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Affiliation(s)
- Croix J Laconsay
- Department of Chemistry, University of California─Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Dean J Tantillo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California─Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
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7
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Liu Y, Liu X, Feng X. Recent advances in metal-catalysed asymmetric sigmatropic rearrangements. Chem Sci 2022; 13:12290-12308. [PMID: 36382273 PMCID: PMC9629009 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03806d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Asymmetric sigmatropic rearrangement is a powerful organic transformation via substrate-reorganization to efficiently increase molecular complexity from readily accessible starting materials. In particular, a high level of diastereo- and enantioselectivity can be readily accessed through well-defined and predictable transition states in [3,3], [2,3]-sigmatropic rearrangements, which have been widely applied in the synthesis of various chiral building blocks, natural products, and pharmaceuticals. In recent years, catalytic asymmetric sigmatropic rearrangements involving chiral metal complexes to induce stereocontrol have been intensively studied. This review presents an overview of metal-catalysed enantioselective versions of sigmatropic rearrangements in the past two decades, mainly focusing on [3,3], [2,3], and [1,3]-rearrangements, to show the development of substrate design, new catalyst exploitation, and novel cascade processes. In addition, their application in the asymmetric synthesis of complex natural products is also exemplified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangbin Liu
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory Shenzhen 518132 China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory Shenzhen 518132 China
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
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8
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Sharland JC, Dunstan D, Majumdar D, Gao J, Tan K, Malik HA, Davies HML. Hexafluoroisopropanol for the Selective Deactivation of Poisonous Nucleophiles Enabling Catalytic Asymmetric Cyclopropanation of Complex Molecules. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jack C. Sharland
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - David Dunstan
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institute of Biomedical Research, 250 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Dyuti Majumdar
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institute of Biomedical Research, 250 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jinhai Gao
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institute of Biomedical Research, 250 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Kian Tan
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institute of Biomedical Research, 250 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Hasnain A. Malik
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institute of Biomedical Research, 250 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Huw M. L. Davies
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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9
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Liu H, Chen F, Zhao N, Vummaleti SVC, Sullivan MB, Ying JY, Wang L. Rhodium-Catalyzed Ring Expansion Reactions for the Concise Construction of Densely Functionalized Oxathionines and Oxathiocines. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c01529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Feng Chen
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Nannan Zhao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Sai V. C. Vummaleti
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-6 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore
| | - Michael B. Sullivan
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-6 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore
| | - Jackie Y. Ying
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
- A*STAR Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Lei Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
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10
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Kanchupalli V, Thorbole LA, Kalepu J, Joseph D, Arshad M, Katukojvala S. Rhodium-Catalyzed Enal Transfer with N-Methoxypyridazinium Salts. Org Lett 2022; 24:3850-3854. [PMID: 35587254 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a simple method for functionalized enals involving enal-transfer reaction of water-soluble N-methoxypyridazinium salts. This open-flask reaction proceeds under mild aqueous basic conditions through [2,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement of propargyl/allyl sulfur-ylides derived from in situ-generated Rh-(E)-enalcarbene. Various synthetically challenging allene- and allyl-functionalized (E)-enals with a γ-C(sp3) quaternary center were obtained in good to high yields. InCl3-catalyzed cascade cyclization of allenyl-enal and aniline gave a valuable pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoline motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinaykumar Kanchupalli
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education & Research Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462066, India
| | - Laxman Anandrao Thorbole
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education & Research Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462066, India
| | - Jagadeesh Kalepu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education & Research Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462066, India
| | - Desna Joseph
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education & Research Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462066, India
| | - Mohammad Arshad
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education & Research Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462066, India
| | - Sreenivas Katukojvala
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education & Research Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462066, India
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11
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Wang K, Li S, Wang J. Cu(I)/Chiral Bisoxazoline‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Doyle‐Kirmse Reaction of Allenyl Sulfides with
α
‐Diazoesters. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200170. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kang Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
| | - Shu‐Sen Li
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
| | - Jianbo Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
- The State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
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12
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Lu D, Guan W, Yang X, Wang Y, Kambe N, Qiu R. Cu-Catalyzed Dual C-O Bonds Cleavage of Cyclic Ethers with Carboxylic Acids, NaI, and TMSCF 3 to Give Iodoalkyl Ester. Org Lett 2022; 24:2826-2831. [PMID: 35394275 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Herein, by dual C-O bond cleavage of cyclic ethers with Cu catalysis, we eventually led to the development of a selective three-component coupling of commercially available chemicals, carboxylic acids, ethers, and halogens to synthesize more than 70 iodoalkyl esters in the presence of TMSCF3. This allows for the concise synthesis of highly functionalized iodoalkyl esters directly. And the synthetic insect pheromones were also disclosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Wenjian Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Xiaogang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yuzhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Nobuaki Kambe
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Renhua Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
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13
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Gao Z, Jiang D, Li B, Wang B. Rhodium-catalyzed denitrogenative gem-difunctionalization of pyridotriazoles with thioesters: formal carbene insertion into C(O)-S bonds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:1017-1020. [PMID: 34950938 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06041d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A formal carbene insertion into C(O)-S bonds to access α-quaternary pyridines was achieved via a rhodium(II)-catalyzed in situ formation of sulfonium ylides from pyridotriazoles with thioesters followed by acyl group migration. This protocol has enabled an efficient denitrogenative gem-acylthiolation of pyridotriazoles to incorporate an acyl, pyridyl, and sulfur-substituted quaternary carbon center with high selectivity, broad substrate scope, and good functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Di Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Baiquan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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14
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Fu Z, Zhou Q, Xiao Y, Wang J. Polymerization with Cu(I)-Catalyzed Doyle-Kirmse Reaction of Bis(allyl sulfides) and Bis(α-diazoesters). Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00162d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cu(I)-catalyzed Doyle-Kirmse reaction has been successfully introduced into polymer chemistry for the first time. A series of new type of sulfur-containing polymers were efficiently synthesized from various allyl sulfides and...
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15
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Laconsay CJ, Pla-Quintana A, Tantillo DJ. Effects of Axial Solvent Coordination to Dirhodium Complexes on the Reactivity and Selectivity in C–H Insertion Reactions: A Computational Study. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Croix J. Laconsay
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Anna Pla-Quintana
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat de Girona (UdG), C/Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 69, Girona 17003, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Dean J. Tantillo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
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16
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Sarkar SK, Ko M, Bai X, Du L, Thamattoor DM, Phillips DL. Detection of Ylide Formation between an Alkylidenecarbene and Acetonitrile by Femtosecond Transient Absorption Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:17090-17096. [PMID: 34618473 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c07074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Femtosecond laser flash photolysis of 3-(1a,9b-dihydro-1H-cyclopropa[l]phenanthren-1-ylidene)tetrahydrofuran produces singlet 3-oxacyclopentylidenecarbene which reacts with acetonitrile solvent to form an ylide. This is the first direct detection of ylide formation by an alkylidenecarbene. This new type of ylide was observed to have a broad absorption band in the visible region with λmax ∼450 nm and a lifetime of ∼13.5 ps. As with other "conventional" carbenes (the divalent carbon atom is separately bound to two substituents), this ylide formation method could be also useful for detecting alkylidenecarbenes, especially those that do not absorb at wavelengths suitable for direct observation. Furthermore, the mechanisms by which 3-oxacyclopentylidenecarbene forms the ylide and the overall favorability of ylide formation, vis-à-vis ring expansion of the carbene to strained 3-oxacyclohexyne, were supported by results from density functional theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujan K Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong S.A.R
| | - Minji Ko
- Department of Chemistry, Colby College, Waterville, Maine 04901, United States
| | - Xueqin Bai
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong S.A.R
| | - Lili Du
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong S.A.R.,School of Life Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Dasan M Thamattoor
- Department of Chemistry, Colby College, Waterville, Maine 04901, United States
| | - David Lee Phillips
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong S.A.R
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17
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Tantillo DJ, Laconsay CJ. Melding of Experiment and Theory Illuminates Mechanisms of Metal-Catalyzed Rearrangements: Computational Approaches and Caveats. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1720451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThis review summarizes approaches and caveats in computational modeling of transition-metal-catalyzed sigmatropic rearrangements involving carbene transfer. We highlight contemporary examples of combined synthetic and theoretical investigations that showcase the synergy achievable by integrating experiment and theory.1 Introduction2 Mechanistic Models3 Theoretical Approaches and Caveats3.1 Recommended Computational Tools3.2 Choice of Functional and Basis Set3.3 Conformations and Ligand-Binding Modes3.4 Solvation4 Synergy of Experiment and Theory – Case Studies4.1 Metal-Bound or Free Ylides?4.2 Conformations and Ligand-Binding Modes of Paddlewheel Complexes4.3 No Metal, Just Light4.4 How To ‘Cope’ with Nonstatistical Dynamic Effects5 Outlook
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Li F, Pei C, Quaranta C, Koenigs RM. 1,3‐Difunctionalization of Imino‐Carbenes via Rhodium‐Catalyzed Reactions of Triazoles with Acyl Selenides. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- RWTH Aachen University Institute of Organic Chemistry Landoltweg 1 D-52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Chao Pei
- RWTH Aachen University Institute of Organic Chemistry Landoltweg 1 D-52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Calogero Quaranta
- RWTH Aachen University Institute of Organic Chemistry Landoltweg 1 D-52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Rene M. Koenigs
- RWTH Aachen University Institute of Organic Chemistry Landoltweg 1 D-52074 Aachen Germany
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Lu B, Liang X, Zhang J, Wang Z, Peng Q, Wang X. Dirhodium(II)/Xantphos-Catalyzed Relay Carbene Insertion and Allylic Alkylation Process: Reaction Development and Mechanistic Insights. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:11799-11810. [PMID: 34296866 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Although dirhodium-catalyzed multicomponent reactions of diazo compounds, nucleophiles and electrophiles have achieved great advance in organic synthesis, the introduction of allylic moiety as the third component via allylic metal intermediate remains a formidable challenge in this area. Herein, an attractive three-component reaction of readily accessible amines, diazo compounds, and allylic compounds enabled by a novel dirhodium(II)/Xantphos catalysis is disclosed, affording various architecturally complex and functionally diverse α-quaternary α-amino acid derivatives in good yields with high atom and step economy. Mechanistic studies indicate that the transformation is achieved through a relay dirhodium(II)-catalyzed carbene insertion and allylic alkylation process, in which the catalytic properties of dirhodium are effectively modified by the coordination with Xantphos, leading to good activity in the catalytic allylic alkylation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xinyi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jinyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zijian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China.,School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou 310024, China
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Nair VN, Kojasoy V, Laconsay CJ, Kong WY, Tantillo DJ, Tambar UK. Catalyst-Controlled Regiodivergence in Rearrangements of Indole-Based Onium Ylides. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:9016-9025. [PMID: 34124896 PMCID: PMC8650141 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c00283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We have developed catalyst-controlled regiodivergent rearrangements of onium-ylides derived from indole substrates. Oxonium ylides formed in situ from substituted indoles selectively undergo [2,3]- and [1,2]-rearrangements in the presence of a rhodium and a copper catalyst, respectively. The combined experimental and density functional theory (DFT) computational studies indicate divergent mechanistic pathways involving a metal-free ylide in the rhodium catalyzed reaction favoring [2,3]-rearrangement, and a metal-coordinated ion-pair in the copper catalyzed [1,2]-rearrangement that recombines in the solvent-cage. The application of our methodology was demonstrated in the first total synthesis of the indole alkaloid (±)-sorazolon B, which enabled the stereochemical reassignment of the natural product. Further functional group transformations of the rearrangement products to generate valuable synthetic intermediates were also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishnavi N Nair
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390-9038, United States
| | - Volga Kojasoy
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Croix J Laconsay
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Wang Yeuk Kong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Dean J Tantillo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Uttam K Tambar
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390-9038, United States
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Li F, Pei C, Koenigs RM. Rhodium-catalyzed cascade reactions of triazoles with organoselenium compounds - a combined experimental and mechanistic study. Chem Sci 2021; 12:6362-6369. [PMID: 34084435 PMCID: PMC8115268 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc00495f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report on our studies on the reaction of organoselenium compounds with triazoles under thermal conditions using simple Rh(ii) catalysts. These reactions do not provide the product of classic rearrangement reactions. Instead two different cascade reactions were uncovered. While allyl selenides react in a cascade of sigmatropic rearrangement and selenium-mediated radical cyclization reaction to give dihydropyrroles, cinnamyl selenides undergo a double rearrangement reaction cascade involving a final aza-Cope reaction to give the product of 1,3-difunctionalization. Theoretical and experimental studies were conducted to provide an understanding of the reaction mechanism of these cascade reactions. The former provide an important insight into fundamental question on the nature of the ylide intermediate in rearrangement reactions and reveal that organoselenium compounds take up multiple roles in rearrangement reactions and mediate a free ylide reaction mechanism. Herein, we report on our studies on the reaction of organoselenium compounds with triazoles under thermal conditions using simple Rh(ii) catalysts.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute of Organic Chemistry Landoltweg 1 D-52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Chao Pei
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute of Organic Chemistry Landoltweg 1 D-52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Rene M Koenigs
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute of Organic Chemistry Landoltweg 1 D-52074 Aachen Germany
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Gao C, Cao T, Kirillov AM, Fang R, Yang L. Rationalization of the mechanism and chemoselectivity of versatile Au-catalyzed reactions of diazoesters with allyl-functionalized sulfides, selenides, amines, or ethers by DFT. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00920f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The origin of chemoselectivity and the mechanism of the title reactions were fully rationalized by density functional theory (DFT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Caicai Gao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, P. R. China
| | - Teng Cao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, P. R. China
| | - Alexander M. Kirillov
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal
- Research Institute of Chemistry, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya st., Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Ran Fang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, P. R. China
| | - Lizi Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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