1
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Li Y, Shi H, Yin G. Synthetic techniques for thermodynamically disfavoured substituted six-membered rings. Nat Rev Chem 2024; 8:535-550. [PMID: 38822206 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00612-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Six-membered rings are ubiquitous structural motifs in bioactive compounds and multifunctional materials. Notably, their thermodynamically disfavoured isomers, like disubstituted cyclohexanes featuring one substituent in an equatorial position and the other in an axial position, often exhibit enhanced physical and biological activities in comparison with their opposite isomers. However, the synthesis of thermodynamically disfavoured isomers is, by its nature, challenging, with only a limited number of possible approaches. In this Review, we summarize and compare synthetic methodologies that produce substituted six-membered rings with thermodynamically disfavoured substitution patterns. We place particular emphasis on elucidating the crucial stereoinduction factors within each transformation. Our aim is to stimulate interest in the synthesis of these unique structures, while simultaneously providing synthetic chemists with a guide to approaching this synthetic challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Li
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hongjin Shi
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Guoyin Yin
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
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2
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Kim J, Park Y, Chirik PJ. Iridium-Catalyzed Hydrogenation of a Phenoxy Radical to the Phenol: Overcoming Catalyst Deactivation with Visible Light Irradiation. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:19582-19592. [PMID: 37980598 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Piano-stool iridium hydride complexes bearing phenylpyridine ligands are effective precatalysts for promoting the formation of element-hydrogen bonds using H2 as the stoichiometric H-atom source. Irradiation with blue light resulted in a profound enhancement of catalyst turnover for the iridium-catalyzed hydrogenation of the aryloxyl radical 2,4,6-tBu3-C6H2O• to the corresponding phenol. Monitoring the progress of the reaction revealed the formation of an iridium 3,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuranyl compound arising from two C-H activation events following the proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) step. Under thermal conditions, this compound was inactive for catalytic aryloxide hydrogenation, representing a deactivation pathway. Irradiation with blue light under H2 released the free heterocycle and regenerated the piano-stool iridium hydride precatalyst, establishing a pathway for catalyst recovery and overall enhanced turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junho Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Frick Laboratory 292, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Yoonsu Park
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Frick Laboratory 292, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Paul J Chirik
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Frick Laboratory 292, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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3
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Luque-Gómez A, García-Orduña P, Lahoz FJ, Iglesias M. Synthesis and catalytic activity of well-defined Co(I) complexes based on NHC-phosphane pincer ligands. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:12779-12788. [PMID: 37615585 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00463e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
A new methodology for the preparation of Co(I)-NHC (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene) complexes, namely, [Co(PCNHCP)(CO)2][Co(CO)4] (1) and [Co(PCNHCP)(CO)2]BF4 (2), has been developed (PCNHCP = 1,3-bis(2-(diphenylphosphanyl)ethyl)-imidazol-2-ylidene). Both complexes can be straightforwardly prepared by direct reaction of their parent imidazolium salts with the Co(0) complex Co2(CO)8. Complex 1 efficiently catalyses the reductive amination of furfural and levulinic acid employing silanes as reducing agents under mild conditions. Furfural has been converted into a variety of secondary and tertiary amines employing dimethyl carbonate as the solvent, while levulinic acid has been converted into pyrrolidines under solventless conditions. Dehydrocoupling of the silane to give polysilanes has been observed to occur as a side reaction of the hydrosilylation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luque-Gómez
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009-Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Pilar García-Orduña
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009-Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Fernando J Lahoz
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009-Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Manuel Iglesias
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009-Zaragoza, Spain.
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4
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Park Y, Zhong H, Pabst TP, Kim J, Chirik PJ. Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl Metalloradical Iron Complexes Containing Redox Noninnocent α-Diimine-Type Ligands: Synthesis, Molecular, and Electronic Structures. Organometallics 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.3c00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoonsu Park
- Department of Chemistry, Frick Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Hongyu Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, Frick Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Tyler P. Pabst
- Department of Chemistry, Frick Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Junho Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Frick Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Paul J. Chirik
- Department of Chemistry, Frick Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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5
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Tohidi MM, Paymard B, Vasquez-García SR, Fernández-Quiroz D. Recent progress in applications of cobalt catalysts in organic reactions. Tetrahedron 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2023.133352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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6
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Suzuki A, Kamei Y, Yamashita M, Seino Y, Yamaguchi Y, Yoshino T, Kojima M, Matsunaga S. Photocatalytic Deuterium Atom Transfer Deuteration of Electron-Deficient Alkenes with High Functional Group Tolerance. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214433. [PMID: 36394187 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Due to its mild reaction conditions and unique chemoselectivity, hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) hydrogenation represents an indispensable method for the synthesis of complex molecules. Its analog using deuterium, deuterium atom transfer (DAT) deuteration, is expected to enable access to complex deuterium-labeled compounds. However, DAT deuteration has been scarcely studied for synthetic purposes, and a method that possesses the favorable characteristics of HAT hydrogenations has remained elusive. Herein, we report a protocol for the photocatalytic DAT deuteration of electron-deficient alkenes. In contrast to the previous DAT deuteration, this method tolerates a variety of synthetically useful functional groups including haloarenes. The late-stage deuteration also allows access to deuterated amino acids as well as donepezil-d2 . Thus, this work demonstrates the potential of DAT chemistry to become the alternative method of choice for preparing deuterium-containing molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Suzuki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yuji Kamei
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Masaaki Yamashita
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yusuke Seino
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yuto Yamaguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Yoshino
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.,Global Station for Biosurfaces and Drug Discovery, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kojima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Shigeki Matsunaga
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.,Global Station for Biosurfaces and Drug Discovery, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
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7
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Kim S, Kim J, Zhong H, Panetti GB, Chirik PJ. Catalytic N–H Bond Formation Promoted by a Ruthenium Hydride Complex Bearing a Redox-Active Pyrimidine-Imine Ligand. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:20661-20671. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c07800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sangmin Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Junho Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Hongyu Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Grace B. Panetti
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Paul J. Chirik
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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8
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MacNeil CS, Mendelsohn LN, Pabst TP, Hierlmeier G, Chirik PJ. Alcohol Synthesis by Cobalt-Catalyzed Visible-Light-Driven Reductive Hydroformylation. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:19219-19224. [PMID: 36240429 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c07745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A cobalt-catalyzed reductive hydroformylation of terminal and 1,1-disubstituted alkenes is described. One-carbon homologated alcohols were synthesized directly from CO and H2, affording anti-Markovnikov products (34-87% yield) with exclusive regiocontrol (linear/branch >99:1) for minimally functionalized alkenes. Irradiation of the air-stable cobalt hydride, (dcype)Co(CO)2H (dcype = dicyclohexylphosphinoethane) with blue light generated the active catalyst that mediates alkene hydroformylation and subsequent aldehyde hydrogenation. Mechanistic origins of absolute regiocontrol were investigated by in situ monitoring of the tandem catalytic reaction using multinuclear NMR spectroscopy with syngas mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor S MacNeil
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Lauren N Mendelsohn
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Tyler P Pabst
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Gabriele Hierlmeier
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Paul J Chirik
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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9
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Anferov SW, Filatov AS, Anderson JS. Cobalt-Catalyzed Hydrogenation Reactions Enabled by Ligand-Based Storage of Dihydrogen. ACS Catal 2022; 12:9933-9943. [PMID: 36033368 PMCID: PMC9396622 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The use of supporting ligands that can store either protons or electrons has emerged as a powerful strategy in catalysis. While these strategies are potent individually, natural systems mediate remarkable transformations by combining the storage of both protons and electrons in the secondary coordination sphere. As such, there has been recent interest in using this strategy to enable fundamentally different transformations. Furthermore, outsourcing H-atom or hydrogen storage to ancillary ligands can also enable alternative mechanistic pathways and thereby selectivity. Here, we describe the application of this strategy to facilitate radical reactivity in Co-based hydrogenation catalysis. Metalation of previously reported dihydrazonopyrrole ligands with Co results in paramagnetic complexes, which are best described as having Co(II) oxidation states. These complexes catalytically hydrogenate olefins with low catalyst loadings under mild conditions (1 atm H2, 23 °C). Mechanistic, spectroscopic, and computational investigations indicate that this system goes through a radical hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) type pathway that is distinct from classic organometallic mechanisms and is supported by the ability of the ligand to store H2. These results show how ancillary ligands can facilitate efficient catalysis, and furthermore how classic organometallic mechanisms for catalysis can be altered by the secondary coordination sphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie W Anferov
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60627, United States
| | - Alexander S Filatov
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60627, United States
| | - John S Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60627, United States
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10
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Wang C, Azofra LM, Dam P, Sebek M, Steinfeldt N, Rabeah J, El-Sepelgy O. Catalytic Desaturation of Aliphatic Amides and Imides Enabled by Excited-State Base-Metal Catalysis. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c01723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Wang
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Luis Miguel Azofra
- Instituto de Estudios Ambientales y Recursos Naturales (i-UNAT), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Campus de Tafira, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Phong Dam
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Michael Sebek
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Norbert Steinfeldt
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Jabor Rabeah
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Osama El-Sepelgy
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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11
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Li Y, Li Y, Shi H, Wei H, Li H, Funes-Ardoiz I, Yin G. Modular access to substituted cyclohexanes with kinetic stereocontrol. Science 2022; 376:749-753. [PMID: 35549424 DOI: 10.1126/science.abn9124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Substituted six-membered cyclic hydrocarbons are common constituents of biologically active compounds. Although methods for the synthesis of thermodynamically favored, disubstituted cyclohexanes are well established, a reliable and modular protocol for the synthesis of their stereoisomers is still elusive. Herein, we report a general strategy for the modular synthesis of disubstituted cyclohexanes with excellent kinetic stereocontrol from readily accessible substituted methylenecyclohexanes by the implementation of chain-walking catalysis. Mechanistically, the initial introduction of a sterically demanding boron ester group adjacent to the cyclohexane is key to guiding the stereochemical outcome. The synthetic potential of this methodology has been highlighted in late-stage modification of complex bioactive molecules and in comparison with current cross-coupling techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Li
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yuqiang Li
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hongjin Shi
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hong Wei
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Haoyang Li
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ignacio Funes-Ardoiz
- Department of Chemistry, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química, Universidad de La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Guoyin Yin
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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12
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Bergamaschi E, Lunic D, McLean LA, Hohenadel M, Chen Y, Teskey CJ. Controlling Chemoselectivity of Catalytic Hydroboration with Light. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202114482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Bergamaschi
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Danijela Lunic
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Liam A. McLean
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Melissa Hohenadel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Yi‐Kai Chen
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Christopher J. Teskey
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
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13
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Decker D, Wei Z, Rabeah J, Drexler HJ, Brückner A, Jiao H, Beweries T. Catalytic and mechanistic studies of a highly active and E-selective Co(II) PNNH pincer catalyst system for transfer-semihydrogenation of internal alkynes. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qi00998b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report the application of a Co(II) PNNH pincer catalyst system (PNNH = 2-(5-(t-butyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-6-(dialkylphosphinomethyl)pyridine) for the highly E-selective transfer semihydrogenation of internal diaryl alkynes using methanol and ammonia borane...
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14
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le Roux WH, Matthews M, Lederer A, van Reenen AJ, Malgas-Enus R. First report of Schiff-base nickel nanoparticle-catalyzed oligomerization and polymerization of norbornene. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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15
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Bergamaschi E, Lunic D, McLean L, Hohenadel M, Chen YK, Teskey C. Controlling Chemoselectivity of Catalytic Hydroboration with Light. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202114482. [PMID: 34905284 PMCID: PMC9305532 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202114482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The ability to selectively react one functional group in the presence of another underpins efficient reaction sequences. Despite many designer catalytic systems being reported for hydroboration reactions, which allow introduction of a functional handle for cross‐coupling or act as mild method for reducing polar functionality, these platforms rarely deal with more complex systems where multiple potentially reactive sites exist. Here we demonstrate, for the first time, the ability to use light to distinguish between ketones and carboxylic acids in more complex molecules. By taking advantage of different activation modes, a single catalytic system can be used for hydroboration, with the chemoselectivity dictated only by the presence or absence of visible light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Bergamaschi
- RWTH Aachen: Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Institute of Organic Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Danijela Lunic
- RWTH: Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Institute of Organic Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Liam McLean
- RWTH: Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Institute of Organic Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Melissa Hohenadel
- RWTH: Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Institute of Organic Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Yi-Kai Chen
- RWTH: Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Institute of Organic Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Christopher Teskey
- RWTH Aachen: Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, GERMANY
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16
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Sang S, Unruh T, Demeshko S, Domenianni LI, van Leest NP, Marquetand P, Schneck F, Würtele C, de Zwart FJ, de Bruin B, González L, Vöhringer P, Schneider S. Photo-Initiated Cobalt-Catalyzed Radical Olefin Hydrogenation. Chemistry 2021; 27:16978-16989. [PMID: 34156122 PMCID: PMC9292329 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Outer‐sphere radical hydrogenation of olefins proceeds via stepwise hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) from transition metal hydride species to the substrate. Typical catalysts exhibit M−H bonds that are either too weak to efficiently activate H2 or too strong to reduce unactivated olefins. This contribution evaluates an alternative approach, that starts from a square‐planar cobalt(II) hydride complex. Photoactivation results in Co−H bond homolysis. The three‐coordinate cobalt(I) photoproduct binds H2 to give a dihydrogen complex, which is a strong hydrogen atom donor, enabling the stepwise hydrogenation of both styrenes and unactivated aliphatic olefins with H2 via HAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sier Sang
- Universität Göttingen, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstraße 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tobias Unruh
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Wegelerstrasse 12, 53117, Bonn, Germany
| | - Serhiy Demeshko
- Universität Göttingen, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstraße 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Luis I Domenianni
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Wegelerstrasse 12, 53117, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nicolaas P van Leest
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Philipp Marquetand
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Felix Schneck
- Universität Göttingen, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstraße 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Würtele
- Universität Göttingen, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstraße 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Felix J de Zwart
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Leticia González
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Vöhringer
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Wegelerstrasse 12, 53117, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sven Schneider
- Universität Göttingen, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstraße 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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17
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Bories CC, Barbazanges M, Derat E, Petit M. Implication of a Silyl Cobalt Dihydride Complex as a Useful Catalyst for the Hydrosilylation of Imines. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cassandre C. Bories
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Marion Barbazanges
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Etienne Derat
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Marc Petit
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
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18
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Zheng M, Gao K, Qin H, Li G, Lu H. Metal-to-Ligand Ratio-Dependent Chemodivergent Asymmetric Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:22892-22899. [PMID: 34405932 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Chemodivergent asymmetric synthesis was achieved by tuning the metal-to-ligand ratio in an organometallic catalytic system. Using N-(aroyloxy)phthalimide as the precursor of either an oxygen-centered aroyloxy radical or a nitrogen-centered phthalimidyl radical, enantioselective oxocyanation or aminocyanation of alkenes was achieved separately through a dual photoredox and copper catalysis. The metal-to-ligand ratio can exert chemoselective control while retaining the high enantiopurity of divergent products. Both reactions proceed efficiently with catalyst loading as low as 0.2 mol % and can be performed on a gram scale without loss of chemoselectivity or enantioselectivity. Chemodivergent asymmetric 1,5-aminocyanation or 1,5-oxocyanation of vinylcyclopropane can also be realized by this protocol. Mechanistic investigations involving electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) experiments were performed to shed light on the stereochemical and chemodivergent results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zheng
- Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Ke Gao
- Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Haitao Qin
- Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Guigen Li
- Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, 79409-1061, USA
| | - Hongjian Lu
- Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
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19
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Zheng M, Gao K, Qin H, Li G, Lu H. Metal‐to‐Ligand Ratio‐Dependent Chemodivergent Asymmetric Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zheng
- Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Ke Gao
- Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Haitao Qin
- Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Guigen Li
- Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Texas Tech University Lubbock Texas 79409-1061 USA
| | - Hongjian Lu
- Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
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20
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Lunic D, Bergamaschi E, Teskey CJ. Using Light to Modify the Selectivity of Transition Metal Catalysed Transformations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202105043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Danijela Lunic
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Enrico Bergamaschi
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
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21
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Lunic D, Bergamaschi E, Teskey CJ. Using Light to Modify the Selectivity of Transition Metal Catalysed Transformations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:20594-20605. [PMID: 34043248 PMCID: PMC8519094 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202105043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Light has a remarkable and often unique ability to promote chemical reactions. In combination with transition metal catalysis, it offers exciting opportunities to modify catalyst function in a non‐invasive manner, most frequently being reported to switch on or accelerate reactions that do not occur in the dark. However, the ability to completely change reactivity or selectivity between two different reaction outcomes is considerably less common. In this Minireview we bring together examples of this concept and highlight their mechanistically distinct approaches. Our overview demonstrates how these non‐natural, photo‐switchable systems provide key fundamental mechanistic insights, enhancing our understanding and stimulating development of new catalytic activity, and how this might lead to tangible applications, impacting fields such as polymer chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danijela Lunic
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Enrico Bergamaschi
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christopher J Teskey
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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22
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Gu Y, Norton JR, Salahi F, Lisnyak VG, Zhou Z, Snyder SA. Highly Selective Hydrogenation of C═C Bonds Catalyzed by a Rhodium Hydride. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:9657-9663. [PMID: 34142805 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c04683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Under mild conditions (room temperature, 80 psi of H2) Cp*Rh(2-(2-pyridyl)phenyl)H catalyzes the selective hydrogenation of the C═C bond in α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds, including natural product precursors with bulky substituents in the β position and substrates possessing an array of additional functional groups. It also catalyzes the hydrogenation of many isolated double bonds. Mechanistic studies reveal that no radical intermediates are involved, and the catalyst appears to be homogeneous, thereby affording important complementarity to existing protocols for similar hydrogenation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Gu
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York City, New York 10027, United States
| | - Jack R Norton
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York City, New York 10027, United States
| | - Farbod Salahi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Vladislav G Lisnyak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Zhiyao Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Scott A Snyder
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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23
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Chatterjee B, Jena S, Chugh V, Weyhermüller T, Werlé C. A Molecular Iron-Based System for Divergent Bond Activation: Controlling the Reactivity of Aldehydes. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c00733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Basujit Chatterjee
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34−36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Soumyashree Jena
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34−36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Vishal Chugh
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34−36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Weyhermüller
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34−36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Christophe Werlé
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34−36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
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