1
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Liu D, Hazra A, Liu X, Maity R, Tan T, Luo L. CdS Quantum Dot Gels as a Direct Hydrogen Atom Transfer Photocatalyst for C-H Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202403186. [PMID: 38900647 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202403186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Here, we report CdS quantum dot (QD) gels, a three-dimensional network of interconnected CdS QDs, as a new type of direct hydrogen atom transfer (d-HAT) photocatalyst for C-H activation. We discovered that the photoexcited CdS QD gel could generate various neutral radicals, including α-amido, heterocyclic, acyl, and benzylic radicals, from their corresponding stable molecular substrates, including amides, thio/ethers, aldehydes, and benzylic compounds. Its C-H activation ability imparts a broad substrate and reaction scope. The mechanistic study reveals that this reactivity is intrinsic to CdS materials, and the neutral radical generation did not proceed via the conventional sequential electron transfer and proton transfer pathway. Instead, the C-H bonds are activated by the photoexcited CdS QD gel via a d-HAT mechanism. This d-HAT mechanism is supported by the linear correlation between the logarithm of the C-H bond activation rate constant and the C-H bond dissociation energy (BDE) with a Brønsted slope α=0.5. Our findings expand the currently limited direct hydrogen atom transfer photocatalysis toolbox and provide new possibilities for photocatalytic C-H activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daohua Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202
| | - Atanu Hazra
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Rajendra Maity
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202
| | - Ting Tan
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Long Luo
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202
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2
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Meng F, Cui Y, Xu W, Yang WC. Visible-Light-Induced Domino Perfluoroalkylation/Cyclization to Access Perfluoroalkylated Quinazolinones by an EDA Complex. Org Lett 2024; 26:6884-6888. [PMID: 39087724 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c02465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
The electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complexes have been extensively studied, which formed an electronically excited state, obviating the need for an exogenous photocatalyst. Herein, we report a mild and efficient strategy for photoinduced radical domino perfluoroalkylation/cyclization using N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethane-1,2-diamine (TMEDA) as an electron donor. This protocol could be well expanded to access various polycyclic quinazolinones containing perfluoroalkyl groups, exhibiting photocatalyst-free, good functional group tolerance, and environmentally friendly features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Meng
- Institute of Pesticide, College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yangyang Cui
- Institute of Pesticide, College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Wen Xu
- Institute of Pesticide, College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Wen-Chao Yang
- Institute of Pesticide, College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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3
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Chai Z. Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Strategies for C(sp 3 )-H Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316444. [PMID: 38225893 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Activation of ubiquitous C(sp3 )-H bonds is extremely attractive but remains a great challenge. Heterogeneous photocatalysis offers a promising and sustainable approach for C(sp3 )-H activation and has been fast developing in the past decade. This Minireview focuses on mechanism and strategies for heterogeneous photocatalytic C(sp3 )-H activation. After introducing mechanistic insights, heterogeneous photocatalytic strategies for C(sp3 )-H activation including precise design of active sites, regulation of reactive radical species, improving charge separation and reactor innovations are discussed. In addition, recent advances in C(sp3 )-H activation of hydrocarbons, alcohols, ethers, amines and amides by heterogeneous photocatalysis are summarized. Lastly, challenges and opportunities are outlined to encourage more efforts for the development of this exciting and promising field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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4
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Qiang C, Zhang T, Feng Z, Liu P, Sun P. Direct Amino-α-C-H Heteroarylation of Amides under Electrochemical Conditions. Org Lett 2024. [PMID: 38191300 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
An electrochemical hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) strategy for the direct amino-α-C-H heteroarylation of amides is described. The cheap TMSN3 acts as a hydrogen atom transfer reagent. A series of heteroarenes including quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones, 4-methylquinoline, isoquinoline, 2-methylquinoxaline, benzothiazole, etc., and various readily available amides/lactams were suitable. The reaction has the characteristics of a wide range of substrates, good regioselectivity, chemical oxidant-free conditions, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Qiang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Tan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhaoyue Feng
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ping Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Peipei Sun
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
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5
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Zhu H, Zhao J, Ma C, Yu Z, Li J, Meng Q. Bridging Effect of Carbon Nitride with More Negative Conduction Potential and Halogens Promotes the Liquid-Phase Oxidation of Aromatic C-H Bonds. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:59280-59295. [PMID: 37729009 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c08461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The selective oxidation of benzyl C-H bonds of alkyl aromatic hydrocarbons under solvent-free conditions by using heterogeneous catalysis is a challenging task. In this work, we designed a carbon nitride photocatalyst with a high charge separation efficiency and a directed charge transfer path, which was doped with Ni and Br in the carbon nitride skeleton. Br was deposited directionally onto the electron-rich Ni surface traps to form a bond with Ni, which acted as a charge transfer bridge connecting CN and Br, resulting in a bridging effect. Photogenerated electrons were transferred from Ni target to Br, and electrons were aggregated to form a directional charge transfer path, thereby enhancing the photocatalytic performance of CN. The photocatalyst was utilized for the selective oxidation of ethylbenzene at room temperature, atmospheric pressure, and solvent-free conditions. Under batch conditions simulating solar irradiation, the conversion of ethylbenzene was 43.3% and the selectivity of the product acetophenone was up to 92.0%. With the continuous flow strategy, the conversion of ethylbenzene was increased to 52.4 and 48.1%, respectively, while the selectivity reached 92.7 and 91.0%, and the reaction time was reduced from 24 to 2.1 h. The catalyst was also found to be broadly applicable for the selective oxidation of C-H bonds in the benzyl position of alkyl aromatic hydrocarbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and MOE Frontiers Center for Intelligent Materials and Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Jingnan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and MOE Frontiers Center for Intelligent Materials and Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Cunfei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and MOE Frontiers Center for Intelligent Materials and Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Zongyi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and MOE Frontiers Center for Intelligent Materials and Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Jianing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and MOE Frontiers Center for Intelligent Materials and Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Qingwei Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and MOE Frontiers Center for Intelligent Materials and Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
- Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology, Ningbo 315016, P. R. China
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6
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Yi Y, Xi C. Organo-Photoredox Catalyzed C(sp 3 )-H Bond Arylation of Aliphatic Amides. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023:e202301585. [PMID: 38126961 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
A C(sp3 )-H bond arylation of aliphatic amides has been achieved via organophotoredox catalysis. The reaction could be realized at room temperature with visible light source and metal-free catalyst. Quinuclidine is employed as an efficient HAT reagent and a range of aliphatic amides is employed as both substrate and solvent in the reaction. This photocatalyzed transformation provides a convenient protocol to afford a board range of N-benzyl amides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Yi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Chanjuan Xi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
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7
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Marchi M, Raciti E, Gali SM, Piccirilli F, Vondracek H, Actis A, Salvadori E, Rosso C, Criado A, D'Agostino C, Forster L, Lee D, Foucher AC, Rai RK, Beljonne D, Stach EA, Chiesa M, Lazzaroni R, Filippini G, Prato M, Melchionna M, Fornasiero P. Carbon Vacancies Steer the Activity in Dual Ni Carbon Nitride Photocatalysis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2303781. [PMID: 37409444 PMCID: PMC10502671 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
The manipulation of carbon nitride (CN) structures is one main avenue to enhance the activity of CN-based photocatalysts. Increasing the efficiency of photocatalytic heterogeneous materials is a critical step toward the realistic implementation of sustainable schemes for organic synthesis. However, limited knowledge of the structure/activity relationship in relation to subtle structural variations prevents a fully rational design of new photocatalytic materials, limiting practical applications. Here, the CN structure is engineered by means of a microwave treatment, and the structure of the material is shaped around its suitable functionality for Ni dual photocatalysis, with a resulting boosting of the reaction efficiency toward many CX (X = N, S, O) couplings. The combination of advanced characterization techniques and first-principle simulations reveals that this enhanced reactivity is due to the formation of carbon vacancies that evolve into triazole and imine N species able to suitably bind Ni complexes and harness highly efficient dual catalysis. The cost-effective microwave treatment proposed here appears as a versatile and sustainable approach to the design of CN-based photocatalysts for a wide range of industrially relevant organic synthetic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Marchi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Energy, Environment and Transport “Giacomo Ciamician”INSTM UdR TriesteUniversity of TriesteVia Licio Giorgieri 1Trieste34127Italy
| | - Edoardo Raciti
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel MaterialsMaterials Research InstituteUniversity of Mons‐UMONSMons7000Belgium
| | - Sai Manoj Gali
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel MaterialsMaterials Research InstituteUniversity of Mons‐UMONSMons7000Belgium
| | - Federica Piccirilli
- Elettra Sincrotrone TriesteStrada Statale 14 km 163.5 in Area Science Park BasovizzaTrieste34149Italy
| | - Hendrik Vondracek
- Elettra Sincrotrone TriesteStrada Statale 14 km 163.5 in Area Science Park BasovizzaTrieste34149Italy
| | - Arianna Actis
- Department of Chemistry and NIS CentreUniversity of TorinoVia Pietro Giuria 7Torino10125Italy
| | - Enrico Salvadori
- Department of Chemistry and NIS CentreUniversity of TorinoVia Pietro Giuria 7Torino10125Italy
| | - Cristian Rosso
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Energy, Environment and Transport “Giacomo Ciamician”INSTM UdR TriesteUniversity of TriesteVia Licio Giorgieri 1Trieste34127Italy
| | - Alejandro Criado
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía–CICAUniversidade da CoruñaRúa As CarballeirasA Coruña15071Spain
| | - Carmine D'Agostino
- Department of Chemical EngineeringThe University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Material Engineering (DICAM)Alma Mater StudiorumUniversity of BolognaVia Terracini, 28Bologna40131Italy
| | - Luke Forster
- Department of Chemical EngineeringThe University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Daniel Lee
- Department of Chemical EngineeringThe University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Alexandre C. Foucher
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104‐6272USA
| | - Rajeev Kumar Rai
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104‐6272USA
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel MaterialsMaterials Research InstituteUniversity of Mons‐UMONSMons7000Belgium
| | - Eric A. Stach
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104‐6272USA
| | - Mario Chiesa
- Department of Chemistry and NIS CentreUniversity of TorinoVia Pietro Giuria 7Torino10125Italy
| | - Roberto Lazzaroni
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel MaterialsMaterials Research InstituteUniversity of Mons‐UMONSMons7000Belgium
| | - Giacomo Filippini
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Energy, Environment and Transport “Giacomo Ciamician”INSTM UdR TriesteUniversity of TriesteVia Licio Giorgieri 1Trieste34127Italy
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Energy, Environment and Transport “Giacomo Ciamician”INSTM UdR TriesteUniversity of TriesteVia Licio Giorgieri 1Trieste34127Italy
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE)Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA)Paseo de Miramón 194Donostia‐San Sebastián20014Spain
- IkerbasqueBasque Foundation for ScienceBilbao48013Spain
| | - Michele Melchionna
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Energy, Environment and Transport “Giacomo Ciamician”INSTM UdR TriesteUniversity of TriesteVia Licio Giorgieri 1Trieste34127Italy
| | - Paolo Fornasiero
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Energy, Environment and Transport “Giacomo Ciamician”INSTM UdR TriesteUniversity of TriesteVia Licio Giorgieri 1Trieste34127Italy
- ICCOM‐CNRUnit of Triestevia L. Giorgieri 1Trieste34127Italy
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8
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Jati A, Dam S, Kumar S, Kumar K, Maji B. A π-conjugated covalent organic framework enables interlocked nickel/photoredox catalysis for light-harvesting cross-coupling reactions. Chem Sci 2023; 14:8624-8634. [PMID: 37592981 PMCID: PMC10430564 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02440g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are an outstanding platform for heterogeneous photocatalysis. Herein, we synthesized a pyrene-based two-dimensional C[double bond, length as m-dash]C linked π-conjugated COF via Knoevenagel condensation and anchored Ni(ii)-centers through bipyridine moieties. Instead of traditional dual metallaphotoredox catalysis, the mono-metal decorated Ni@Bpy-sp2c-COF interlocked the catalysis mediated by light and the transition metal. Under light irradiation, enhanced energy and electron transfer in the COF backbone, as delineated by the photoluminescence, electrochemical, and control experiments, expedited the excitation of Ni centers to efficiently catalyze diverse photocatalytic C-X (X = B, C, N, O, P, S) cross-coupling reactions with efficiencies orders of magnitude higher than the homogeneous controls. The COF catalyst tolerated a diverse range of coupling partners with various steric and electronic properties, delivering the products with up to 99% yields. Some reactions were performed on a gram scale and were applied to diversify pharmaceuticals and complex molecules to demonstrate the synthetic utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayan Jati
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 WB India
| | - Suranjana Dam
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 WB India
| | - Shekhar Kumar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 WB India
| | - Kundan Kumar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 WB India
| | - Biplab Maji
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 WB India
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9
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Maity B, Dutta S, Cavallo L. The mechanism of visible light-induced C-C cross-coupling by C sp3-H bond activation. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:5373-5387. [PMID: 37464786 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00960a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Csp3-C cross-coupling by activating Csp3-H bonds is a dream reaction for the chemical community, and visible light-induced transition metal-catalysis under mild reaction conditions is considered a powerful tool to achieve it. Advancement of this research area is still in its infancy because of the chemical and technical complexity of this catalysis. Mechanistic studies illuminating the operative reaction pathways can rationalize the increasing amount of experimental catalysis data and provide the knowledge allowing faster and rational advances in the field. This goal requires complementary experimental and theoretical mechanistic studies, as each of them is unfit to clarify the operative mechanisms alone. In this tutorial review we summarize representative experimental and computational mechanistic studies, highlighting weaknesses, strengths, and synergies between the two approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bholanath Maity
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sayan Dutta
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Luigi Cavallo
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
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10
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Doettinger F, Yang Y, Karnahl M, Tschierlei S. Bichromophoric Photosensitizers: How and Where to Attach Pyrene Moieties to Phenanthroline to Generate Copper(I) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:8166-8178. [PMID: 37200533 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Pyrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and organic dye that can form superior bichromophoric systems when combined with a transition metal-based chromophore. However, little is known about the effect of the type of attachment (i.e., 1- vs 2-pyrenyl) and the individual position of the pyrenyl substituents at the ligand. Therefore, a systematic series of three novel diimine ligands and their respective heteroleptic diimine-diphosphine copper(I) complexes has been designed and extensively studied. Special attention was given to two different substitution strategies: (i) attaching pyrene via its 1-position, which occurs most frequently in the literature, or via its 2-position and (ii) targeting two contrasting substitution patterns at the 1,10-phenanthroline ligand, i.e., the 5,6- and the 4,7-position. In the applied spectroscopic, electrochemical, and theoretical methods (UV/vis, emission, time-resolved luminescence and transient absorption, cyclic voltammetry, density functional theory), it has been shown that the precise choice of the derivatization sites is crucial. Substituting the pyridine rings of phenanthroline in the 4,7-position with the 1-pyrenyl moiety has the strongest impact on the bichromophore. This approach results in the most anodically shifted reduction potential and a drastic increase in the excited state lifetime by more than two orders of magnitude. In addition, it enables the highest singlet oxygen quantum yield of 96% and the most beneficial activity in the photocatalytic oxidation of 1,5-dihydroxy-naphthalene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Doettinger
- Department of Energy Conversion, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Brauschweig, Rebenring 31, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Yingya Yang
- Department of Energy Conversion, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Brauschweig, Rebenring 31, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Michael Karnahl
- Department of Energy Conversion, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Brauschweig, Rebenring 31, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Stefanie Tschierlei
- Department of Energy Conversion, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Brauschweig, Rebenring 31, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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11
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Xing L, Yang Q, Zhu C, Bai Y, Tang Y, Rueping M, Cai Y. Poly(heptazine imide) ligand exchange enables remarkable low catalyst loadings in heterogeneous metallaphotocatalysis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1501. [PMID: 36932064 PMCID: PMC10023668 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37113-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of heterogeneous metallaphotocatalysis is of great interest for sustainable organic synthesis. The rational design and controllable preparation of well-defined (site-isolated) metal/photo bifunctional solid catalysts to meet such goal remains a critical challenge. Herein, we demonstrate the incorporation of privileged homogeneous bipyridyl-based Ni-catalysts into highly ordered and crystalline potassium poly(heptazine imide) (K-PHI). A variety of PHI-supported cationic bipyridyl-based Ni-catalysts (LnNi-PHI) have been prepared and fully characterized by various techniques including NMR, ICP-OES, XPS, HAADF-STEM and XAS. The LnNi-PHI catalysts exhibit exceptional chemical stability and recyclability in diverse C-P, C-S, C-O and C-N cross-coupling reactions. The proximity and cooperativity effects in LnNi-PHI significantly enhances the photo/Ni dual catalytic activity, thus resulting in low catalyst loadings and high turnover numbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuzhuang Xing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing, 400044, P. R. China
| | - Qian Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing, 400044, P. R. China
| | - Chen Zhu
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yilian Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing, 400044, P. R. China
| | - Yurong Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing, 400044, P. R. China.
| | - Magnus Rueping
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Yunfei Cai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing, 400044, P. R. China.
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12
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Zeng FL, Zhu HL, Wang RN, Yuan XY, Sun K, Qu LB, Chen XL, Yu B. Bismuth vanadate: A versatile heterogeneous catalyst for photocatalytic functionalization of C(sp2)–H bonds. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(23)64391-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
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13
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Liu S, Wang M, He Y, Cheng Q, Qian T, Yan C. Covalent organic frameworks towards photocatalytic applications: Design principles, achievements, and opportunities. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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14
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Mild and metal-free Birch-type hydrogenation of (hetero)arenes with boron carbonitride in water. Nat Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-022-00886-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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15
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Sarkar S, Wagulde S, Jia X, Gevorgyan V. General and Selective Metal-Free Radical α-C-H Borylation of Aliphatic Amines. Chem 2022; 8:3096-3108. [PMID: 36571075 PMCID: PMC9784107 DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2022.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Despite recent developments, selective C(sp3)-H borylation of feedstock amines remains a formidable challenge. Herein, we have developed a general, mild, and photoinduced transition metal- and strong base-free method for α-C(sp3)-H borylation of amines. This protocol features a regioselective 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer process to access key α-aminoalkyl radical intermediate using commercially available easy-to-install/remove iodobenzoyl radical translocating group. Remarkably, this general, efficient, and operationally simple method allows activation of primary and secondary α-C-H sites of a broad range of acyclic and cyclic amines toward highly regio- and diastereoselective synthesis of valuable α-aminoboronates. Utility of this protocol has been demonstrated by its employment in late-stage borylation of structurally complex amines and formal C-H arylation reaction of amines. Thus, it is expected that this operationally simple, general, and practical method will find broad application in organic synthesis and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumon Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, BSB 13, Richardson, Texas, 75080 (USA)
| | - Sidhant Wagulde
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, BSB 13, Richardson, Texas, 75080 (USA)
| | - Xiangqing Jia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, BSB 13, Richardson, Texas, 75080 (USA)
| | - Vladimir Gevorgyan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, BSB 13, Richardson, Texas, 75080 (USA)
- Lead contact
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16
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Jiang W, Deng H, Liu J. Efficient photocatalytic aerobic oxidations by a molecular cobalt catalyst linked to mesoporous carbon nitride. CATAL COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2022.106498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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17
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Marchi M, Gentile G, Rosso C, Melchionna M, Fornasiero P, Filippini G, Prato M. The Nickel Age in Synthetic Dual Photocatalysis: A Bright Trip Toward Materials Science. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202201094. [PMID: 35789214 PMCID: PMC9804426 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202201094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the field of dual photocatalysis has grown rapidly, to become one of the most powerful tools for the functionalization of organic molecules under mild conditions. In particular, the merging of Earth-abundant nickel-based catalytic systems with visible-light-activated photoredox catalysts has allowed the development of a number of unique green synthetic approaches. This goes in the direction of ensuring an effective and sustainable chemical production, while safeguarding human health and environment. Importantly, this relatively new branch of catalysis has inspired an interdisciplinary stream of research that spans from inorganic and organic chemistry to materials science, thus establishing itself as one dominant trend in modern organic synthesis. This Review aims at illustrating the milestones on the timeline evolution of the photocatalytic systems used, with a critical analysis toward novel applications based on the use of photoactive two-dimensional carbon-based nanostructures. Lastly, forward-looking opportunities within this intriguing research field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Marchi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesCENMATCenter of Excellence for Nanostructured MaterialsINSTM UdR TriesteUniversity of TriesteVia Licio Giorgieri 134127TriesteItaly
| | - Giuseppe Gentile
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesCENMATCenter of Excellence for Nanostructured MaterialsINSTM UdR TriesteUniversity of TriesteVia Licio Giorgieri 134127TriesteItaly
| | - Cristian Rosso
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesCENMATCenter of Excellence for Nanostructured MaterialsINSTM UdR TriesteUniversity of TriesteVia Licio Giorgieri 134127TriesteItaly
| | - Michele Melchionna
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesCENMATCenter of Excellence for Nanostructured MaterialsINSTM UdR TriesteUniversity of TriesteVia Licio Giorgieri 134127TriesteItaly
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per laScienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM)Unit of Triestevia L. Giorgieri 134127TriesteItaly
| | - Paolo Fornasiero
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesCENMATCenter of Excellence for Nanostructured MaterialsINSTM UdR TriesteUniversity of TriesteVia Licio Giorgieri 134127TriesteItaly
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per laScienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM)Unit of Triestevia L. Giorgieri 134127TriesteItaly
| | - Giacomo Filippini
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesCENMATCenter of Excellence for Nanostructured MaterialsINSTM UdR TriesteUniversity of TriesteVia Licio Giorgieri 134127TriesteItaly
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesCENMATCenter of Excellence for Nanostructured MaterialsINSTM UdR TriesteUniversity of TriesteVia Licio Giorgieri 134127TriesteItaly
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE)Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA)Paseo Miramón 19420014Donostia San SebastiánSpain
- Basque Fdn Sci, Ikerbasque48013BilbaoSpain
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18
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Gerken VC, Carreira EM. Carbon Nitride Photoredox Catalysis Enables the Generation of the Dioxolanyl Radical for Conjugate Addition Reactions. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria C. Gerken
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Erick M. Carreira
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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19
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Tian X, Kaur J, Yakubov S, Barham JP. α-Amino Radical Halogen Atom Transfer Agents for Metallaphotoredox-Catalyzed Cross-Electrophile Couplings of Distinct Organic Halides. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202200906. [PMID: 35587725 PMCID: PMC9541218 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202200906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
α-Amino radicals from simple tertiary amines were employed as halogen atom transfer (XAT) agents in metallaphotoredox catalysis for cross-electrophile couplings of organic bromides with organic iodides. This XAT strategy proved to be efficient for the generation of carbon radicals from a range of partners (alkyl, aryl, alkenyl, and alkynyl iodides). The reactivities of these radical intermediates were captured by nickel catalysis with organobromides including aryl, heteroaryl, alkenyl, and alkyl bromides, enabling six diverse C-C bond formations. Classic named reactions including Negishi, Suzuki, Heck, and Sonogashira reactions were readily achieved in a net-reductive fashion under mild conditions. More importantly, the cross coupling was viable with either organic bromide or iodide as limiting reactant based on the availability of substrates, which is beneficial to the late-stage functionalization of complex molecules. The scalability of this method in batch and flow was investigated, further demonstrating its applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhai Tian
- Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of RegensburgUniversitätsstr. 3193053RegensburgGermany
| | - Jaspreet Kaur
- Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of RegensburgUniversitätsstr. 3193053RegensburgGermany
| | - Shahboz Yakubov
- Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of RegensburgUniversitätsstr. 3193053RegensburgGermany
| | - Joshua P. Barham
- Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of RegensburgUniversitätsstr. 3193053RegensburgGermany
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20
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Kumar Singh A, Das C, Indra A. Scope and prospect of transition metal-based cocatalysts for visible light-driven photocatalytic hydrogen evolution with graphitic carbon nitride. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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21
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Kwak M, Bok J, Lee BH, Kim J, Seo Y, Kim S, Choi H, Ko W, Hooch Antink W, Lee CW, Yim GH, Seung H, Park C, Lee KS, Kim DH, Hyeon T, Yoo D. Ni single atoms on carbon nitride for visible-light-promoted full heterogeneous dual catalysis. Chem Sci 2022; 13:8536-8542. [PMID: 35974767 PMCID: PMC9337748 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02174a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Visible-light-driven organic transformations are of great interest in synthesizing valuable fine chemicals under mild conditions. The merger of heterogeneous photocatalysts and transition metal catalysts has recently drawn much attention due to its versatility for organic transformations. However, these semi-heterogenous systems suffered several drawbacks, such as transition metal agglomeration on the heterogeneous surface, hindering further applications. Here, we introduce heterogeneous single Ni atoms supported on carbon nitride (NiSAC/CN) for visible-light-driven C-N functionalization with a broad substrate scope. Compared to a semi-heterogeneous system, high activity and stability were observed due to metal-support interactions. Furthermore, through systematic experimental mechanistic studies, we demonstrate that the stabilized single Ni atoms on CN effectively change their redox states, leading to a complete photoredox cycle for C-N coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjoon Kwak
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsol Bok
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Hoon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Jongchan Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Youngran Seo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Sumin Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Wonjae Ko
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Wytse Hooch Antink
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Woo Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Guk Hee Yim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyojin Seung
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Chansul Park
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Kug-Seung Lee
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (PAL), Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Pohang Gyeongbuk 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hyeong Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Taeghwan Hyeon
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwon Yoo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
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22
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Oxidative lactonization of C(sp3)-H bond in methyl aromatic alcohols enabled by proton-coupled electron transfer. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1283-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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Singh PP, Srivastava V. Recent advances in visible-light graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3N 4) photocatalysts for chemical transformations. RSC Adv 2022; 12:18245-18265. [PMID: 35800311 PMCID: PMC9210974 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01797k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has emerged as a new research hotspot, attracting broad interdisciplinary attention in the form of metal-free and visible-light-responsive photocatalysts in the field of solar energy conversion and environmental remediation. These photocatalysts have evolved as attractive candidates due to their non-toxicity, chemical stability, efficient light absorption capacity in the visible and near-infrared regions, and adaptability as a platform for the fabrication of hybrid materials. This review mainly describes the latest advances in g-C3N4 photocatalysts for chemical transformations. In addition, the typical applications of g-C3N4-based photocatalysts involving organic transformation reactions are discussed (synthesis of heterocycles, hydrosulfonylation, hydration, oxygenation, arylation, coupling reactions, etc.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen P Singh
- Department of Chemistry, United College of Engineering & Research Naini Prayagraj 211010 India
| | - Vishal Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry, CMP Degree College, University of Allahabad Prayagraj 211002 India
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24
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Vijeta A, Casadevall C, Reisner E. An Integrated Carbon Nitride-Nickel Photocatalyst for the Amination of Aryl Halides Using Sodium Azide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202203176. [PMID: 35332981 PMCID: PMC9321912 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202203176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of primary anilines via sustainable methods remains a challenge in organic synthesis. We report a photocatalytic protocol for the selective synthesis of primary anilines via cross-coupling of a wide range of aryl/heteroaryl halides with sodium azide using a photocatalyst powder consisting of nickel(II) deposited on mesoporous carbon nitride (Ni-mpg-CNx ). This heterogeneous photocatalyst contains a high surface area with a visible light-absorbing and adaptive "built-in" solid-state ligand for the integrated catalytic Ni site. The method displays a high functional group tolerance, requires mild reaction conditions, and benefits from easy recovery and reuse of the photocatalyst powder. Thereby, it overcomes the need of complex ligand scaffolds required in homogeneous catalysis, precious metals and elevated temperatures/pressures in existing protocols of primary anilines synthesis. The reported heterogeneous Ni-mpg-CNx holds potential for applications in the academic and industrial synthesis of anilines and exploration of other photocatalytic transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Vijeta
- Yusuf Hamied Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
| | - Carla Casadevall
- Yusuf Hamied Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
| | - Erwin Reisner
- Yusuf Hamied Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
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25
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Li Z, Li C, Ding Y, Huo H. Photoinduced nickel-catalyzed enantioselective coupling reactions. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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26
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Smolobochkin AV, Gazizov AS, Yakhshilikova LJ, Sidlyaruk NA, Khamatgalimov AR, Burilov AR, Pudovik MA. Synthesis of substituted tetrahydropyrimidin-2-ones through nucleophilic cyclization / electrophilic substitution of 1-(3,3-diethoxypropyl)urea with C-nucleophiles. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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27
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Bonciolini S, Noël T, Capaldo L. Synthetic Applications of Photocatalyzed Halogen‐radical mediated Hydrogen Atom Transfer for C−H Bond Functionalization. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Bonciolini
- University of Amsterdam: Universiteit van Amsterdam Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences NETHERLANDS
| | - Timothy Noël
- University of Amsterdam: Universiteit van Amsterdam Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences NETHERLANDS
| | - Luca Capaldo
- University of Amsterdam: Universiteit van Amsterdam Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam NETHERLANDS
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28
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Zou Y, Abednatanzi S, Gohari Derakhshandeh P, Mazzanti S, Schüßlbauer CM, Cruz D, Van Der Voort P, Shi JW, Antonietti M, Guldi DM, Savateev A. Red edge effect and chromoselective photocatalysis with amorphous covalent triazine-based frameworks. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2171. [PMID: 35449208 PMCID: PMC9023581 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29781-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromoselective photocatalysis offers an intriguing opportunity to enable a specific reaction pathway out of a potentially possible multiplicity for a given substrate by using a sensitizer that converts the energy of incident photon into the redox potential of the corresponding magnitude. Several sensitizers possessing different discrete redox potentials (high/low) upon excitation with photons of specific wavelength (short/long) have been reported. Herein, we report design of molecular structures of two-dimensional amorphous covalent triazine-based frameworks (CTFs) possessing intraband states close to the valence band with strong red edge effect (REE). REE enables generation of a continuum of excited sites characterized by their own redox potentials, with the magnitude proportional to the wavelength of incident photons. Separation of charge carriers in such materials depends strongly on the wavelength of incident light and is the primary parameter that defines efficacy of the materials in photocatalytic bromination of electron rich aromatic compounds. In dual Ni-photocatalysis, excitation of electrons from the intraband states to the conduction band of the CTF with 625 nm photons enables selective formation of C‒N cross-coupling products from arylhalides and pyrrolidine, while an undesirable dehalogenation process is completely suppressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Zou
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center of Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Sara Abednatanzi
- Center for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis, Ghent University, 9000, Gent, Belgium
| | | | - Stefano Mazzanti
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Christoph M Schüßlbauer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Daniel Cruz
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin, 14195, Germany
- Department of Heterogeneous Reactions, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheiman der Ruhr, 45470, Germany
| | - Pascal Van Der Voort
- Center for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis, Ghent University, 9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Jian-Wen Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center of Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Markus Antonietti
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Dirk M Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aleksandr Savateev
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
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29
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Vijeta A, Casadevall C, Reisner E. An Integrated Carbon Nitride‐Nickel Photocatalyst for the Amination of Aryl Halides using Sodium Azide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202203176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Vijeta
- University of Cambridge Chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
| | | | - Erwin Reisner
- University of Cambridge Chemistry Lensfield Road CB2 1EW Cambridge UNITED KINGDOM
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30
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Schirmer TE, Abdellaoui M, Savateev A, Ollivier C, Antonietti M, Fensterbank L, König B. Mesoporous Graphitic Carbon Nitride as a Heterogeneous Organic Photocatalyst in the Dual Catalytic Arylation of Alkyl Bis(catecholato)silicates. Org Lett 2022; 24:2483-2487. [PMID: 35324213 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride (mpg-CN) is introduced as a heterogeneous photocatalyst to perform dual photoredox- and nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions between alkyl bis(catecholato)silicates as radical precursors and aryl or alkenyl bromides. The synergy between this recyclable photocatalyst and the broadly applied homogeneous nickel complex [Ni(dtbbpy)Br2] gives access to C(sp2)-C(sp3) cross-coupling products in a sustainable fashion. The recycled mpg-CN photocatalyst was analyzed by time-resolved emission spectroscopy and EPR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias E Schirmer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Mehdi Abdellaoui
- CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire -4 Place Jussieu, CC 229, Sorbonne Université, Paris Cedex 05 F-75252, France
| | - Aleksandr Savateev
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Cyril Ollivier
- CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire -4 Place Jussieu, CC 229, Sorbonne Université, Paris Cedex 05 F-75252, France
| | - Markus Antonietti
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Louis Fensterbank
- CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire -4 Place Jussieu, CC 229, Sorbonne Université, Paris Cedex 05 F-75252, France
| | - Burkhard König
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, Regensburg 93053, Germany
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31
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Gore BS, Kuo CY, Wang JJ. Visible light-assisted Ni-/Ir-catalysed atom-economic synthesis of spiro[furan-3,1'-indene] derivatives. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:4087-4090. [PMID: 35262163 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc00717g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An atom-economic, efficient, and highly convenient construction of spiro[furan-3,1'-indene] skeletons from isocyanides and 1,5-enynes by synergistic nickel- and iridium-photocatalysis is reported. Spirocyclization was developed under practical and mild conditions, which features excellent functional group tolerance, gram-scale synthesis and representative synthetic transformations for the obtained products and broad substrate scope. Primary mechanistic studies demonstrated that the reaction proceeds through energy-transfer-mediated excitation of intermediate catalytic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babasaheb Sopan Gore
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan.
| | - Chiao-Ying Kuo
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan.
| | - Jeh-Jeng Wang
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Hospital No. 100, Tzyou 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan
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32
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Wu S, Kaur J, Karl TA, Tian X, Barham JP. Synthetic Molecular Photoelectrochemistry: New Frontiers in Synthetic Applications, Mechanistic Insights and Scalability. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202107811. [PMID: 34478188 PMCID: PMC9303540 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202107811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic photoelectrochemistry (PEC) is receiving increasing attention as a new frontier for the generation and handling of reactive intermediates. PEC permits selective single-electron transfer (SET) reactions in a much greener way and broadens the redox window of possible transformations. Herein, the most recent contributions are reviewed, demonstrating exciting new opportunities, namely, the combination of PEC with other reactivity paradigms (hydrogen-atom transfer, radical polar crossover, energy transfer sensitization), scalability up to multigram scale, novel selectivities in SET super-oxidations/reductions and the importance of precomplexation to temporally enable excited radical ion catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangze Wu
- Universität RegensburgFakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie93040RegensburgGermany
| | - Jaspreet Kaur
- Universität RegensburgFakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie93040RegensburgGermany
| | - Tobias A. Karl
- Universität RegensburgFakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie93040RegensburgGermany
| | - Xianhai Tian
- Universität RegensburgFakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie93040RegensburgGermany
| | - Joshua P. Barham
- Universität RegensburgFakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie93040RegensburgGermany
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33
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Barham JP, Kaur J. Site-Selective C(sp3)–H Functionalizations Mediated by Hydrogen Atom Transfer Reactions via α-Amino/α-Amido Radicals. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1677-6619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AbstractAmines and amides, as N-containing compounds, are ubiquitous in pharmaceutically-active scaffolds, natural products, agrochemicals, and peptides. Amides in nature bear a key responsibility for imparting three-dimensional structure, such as in proteins. Structural modifications to amines and amides, especially at their positions α to N, bring about profound changes in biological activity oftentimes leading to more desirable pharmacological profiles of small drug molecules. A number of recent developments in synthetic methodology for the functionalizations of amines and amides omit the need of their directing groups or pre-functionalizations, achieving direct activation of the otherwise relatively benign C(sp3)–H bonds α to N. Among these, hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) has proven a very powerful platform for the selective activation of amines and amides to their α-amino and α-amido radicals, which can then be employed to furnish C–C and C–X (X = heteroatom) bonds. The abilities to both form these radicals and control their reactivity in a site-selective manner is of utmost importance for such chemistries to witness applications in late-stage functionalization. Therefore, this review captures contemporary HAT strategies to realize chemo- and regioselective amine and amide α-C(sp3)–H functionalization, based on bond strengths, bond polarities, reversible HAT equilibria, traceless electrostatic-directing auxiliaries, and steric effects of in situ-generated HAT agents.1 Introduction2 Functionalizations of Amines3 Functionalizations of Carbamates4 Functionalizations of Amides5 Conclusion
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Visible-light-induced, autopromoted nickel-catalyzed three-component arylsulfonation of 1,3-enynes and mechanistic in-sights. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-021-1193-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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35
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Mandigma MJP, Žurauskas J, MacGregor CI, Edwards LJ, Shahin A, d'Heureuse L, Yip P, Birch DJS, Gruber T, Heilmann J, John MP, Barham JP. An organophotocatalytic late-stage N-CH 3 oxidation of trialkylamines to N-formamides with O 2 in continuous flow. Chem Sci 2022; 13:1912-1924. [PMID: 35308839 PMCID: PMC8849051 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05840a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We report an organophotocatalytic, N-CH3-selective oxidation of trialkylamines in continuous flow. Based on the 9,10-dicyanoanthracene (DCA) core, a new catalyst (DCAS) was designed with solubilizing groups for flow processing. This allowed O2 to be harnessed as a sustainable oxidant for late-stage photocatalytic N-CH3 oxidations of complex natural products and active pharmaceutical ingredients bearing functional groups not tolerated by previous methods. The organophotocatalytic gas-liquid flow process affords cleaner reactions than in batch mode, in short residence times of 13.5 min and productivities of up to 0.65 g per day. Spectroscopic and computational mechanistic studies showed that catalyst derivatization not only enhanced solubility of the new catalyst compared to poorly-soluble DCA, but profoundly diverted the photocatalytic mechanism from singlet electron transfer (SET) reductive quenching with amines toward energy transfer (EnT) with O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark John P Mandigma
- Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Jonas Žurauskas
- Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Callum I MacGregor
- GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre Gunnels Wood Road Stevenage SG1 2NY UK
| | - Lee J Edwards
- GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre Gunnels Wood Road Stevenage SG1 2NY UK
| | - Ahmed Shahin
- Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Germany
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University 13518 Benha Egypt
| | - Ludwig d'Heureuse
- Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Philip Yip
- Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde 107 Rottenrow East Glasgow G4 0NG UK
| | - David J S Birch
- Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde 107 Rottenrow East Glasgow G4 0NG UK
| | - Thomas Gruber
- Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Jörg Heilmann
- Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Matthew P John
- GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre Gunnels Wood Road Stevenage SG1 2NY UK
| | - Joshua P Barham
- Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Germany
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Wu S, Kaur J, Karl TA, Tian X, Barham JP. Synthetische molekulare Photoelektrochemie: neue synthetische Anwendungen, mechanistische Einblicke und Möglichkeiten zur Skalierung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202107811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shangze Wu
- Universität Regensburg Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Jaspreet Kaur
- Universität Regensburg Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Tobias A. Karl
- Universität Regensburg Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Xianhai Tian
- Universität Regensburg Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Joshua P. Barham
- Universität Regensburg Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
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Eroglu Z, Ozer MS, Kubanaliev T, Kilic H, Metin Ö. Synergism between few-layer black phosphorus and graphitic carbon nitride enhances the photoredox C–H arylation under visible light irradiation. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy01090a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A volcano-shaped relation between the amount of FLBP in the FLBP/g-CN heterojunctions in the photoredox C–H arylation was exhibited. To understand the activity of 35 wt% FLBP/g-CN, band alignments of heterojunction was studied in detailed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zafer Eroglu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Koç University, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
- Division of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Melek Sermin Ozer
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Koç University, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Temirlan Kubanaliev
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Koç University, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
- Koç University Tüpraş Energy Center (KUTEM), 34450 Sarıyer, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Haydar Kilic
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Önder Metin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Koç University, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
- Koç University Surface Science and Technology Center (KUYTAM), 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
- Koç University Tüpraş Energy Center (KUTEM), 34450 Sarıyer, Istanbul, Turkey
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38
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Zhang Z, Xu Y, Zhang Q, Fang S, Sun H, Ou W, Su C. Semi-heterogeneous photo-Cu-dual-catalytic cross-coupling reactions using polymeric carbon nitrides. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2022; 67:71-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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39
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Cao CL, Zhang GX, Xue F, Deng HP. Photoinduced C–H monofluoroalkenylation with gem-difluoroalkenes through hydrogen atom transfer under batch and flow conditions. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01689j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A mild and effective protocol for the monofluoroalkenylation of C–H bonds with gem-difluoroalkenes through the synergetic merger of photoredox and bromine-based hydrogen atom transfer catalysis under batch and flow conditions is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Lin Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Guang-Xu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fei Xue
- Institute of Material Physics & Chemistry, College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Hong-Ping Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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40
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Wen Z, Wan T, Vijeta A, Casadevall C, Buglioni L, Reisner E, Noël T. Photocatalytic C-H Azolation of Arenes Using Heterogeneous Carbon Nitride in Batch and Flow. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:5265-5270. [PMID: 34529334 PMCID: PMC9298336 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202101767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The functionalization of aryl C(sp2 )-H bonds is a useful strategy for the late-stage modification of biologically active molecules, especially for the regioselective introduction of azole heterocycles to prepare medicinally-relevant compounds. Herein, we describe a practical photocatalytic transformation using a mesoporous carbon nitride (mpg-CNx ) photocatalyst, which enables the efficient azolation of various arenes through direct oxidation. The method exhibits a broad substrate scope and is amenable to the late-stage functionalization of several pharmaceuticals. Due to the heterogeneous nature and high photocatalytic stability of mpg-CNx , the catalyst can be easily recovered and reused leading to greener and more sustainable routes, using either batch or flow processing, to prepare these important compounds of interest in pharmaceutical and agrochemical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghui Wen
- Flow Chemistry GroupVan't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA)Science Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Ting Wan
- Flow Chemistry GroupVan't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA)Science Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Arjun Vijeta
- Yusuf Hamied Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUnited Kingdom
| | - Carla Casadevall
- Yusuf Hamied Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUnited Kingdom
| | - Laura Buglioni
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ChemistrySustainable Process EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Erwin Reisner
- Yusuf Hamied Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUnited Kingdom
| | - Timothy Noël
- Flow Chemistry GroupVan't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA)Science Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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41
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Wang G, Huang R, Zhang J, Mao J, Wang D, Li Y. Synergistic Modulation of the Separation of Photo-Generated Carriers via Engineering of Dual Atomic Sites for Promoting Photocatalytic Performance. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2105904. [PMID: 34664332 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202105904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The separation efficiency of photo-generated carriers is still a great challenge that restricts the practical application of photocatalytic technology. The design of spatial separation path for photo-generated carriers at atomic level provides an innovative approach to address this challenge. Herein, a facile dual atomic sites strategy, consisting of Cu-N4 and C-S-C active moieties decorated on polymeric carbon nitride (Cu SAs/p-CNS) is reported to simultaneously achieve the highly efficient separation of photo-generated electrons and holes for boosting photocatalytic performance. As a proof of concept, the Cu SAs/p-CNS is successfully applied to the photo-oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF), which exhibits 77.1% HMF conversion and 85.6% DFF selectivity under visible light irradiation. The activity is considerably higher than that of bulk p-CN, S doped p-CN, and p-CN supported Cu single atom catalysts. Theoretical calculations and experimental results suggest that, during photocatalytic reaction, the isolated Cu-N4 sites directly capture photo-generated electrons, while the surrounding S atoms bear photo-generated holes, which synergistically facilitates the separation of photo-generated carriers and thus results in enhanced photocatalytic activity. This study provides a new perspective for the rational design of high performance photocatalysts at atomic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Rong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Jiangwei Zhang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Junjie Mao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Dingsheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yadong Li
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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42
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Su F, Peng H, Yin H, Luo C, Zhu L, Zhong W, Mao L, Yin D. Biowaste-derived hydrochar microspheres: Realizing metal-free visible-light photocatalytic oxidation of amines. J Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2021.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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43
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Zhang T, Schilling W, Khan SU, Ching HYV, Lu C, Chen J, Jaworski A, Barcaro G, Monti S, De Wael K, Slabon A, Das S. Atomic-Level Understanding for the Enhanced Generation of Hydrogen Peroxide by the Introduction of an Aryl Amino Group in Polymeric Carbon Nitrides. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Universiteit Antwerpen, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Waldemar Schilling
- Department of Chemistry, Universiteit Antwerpen, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Shahid Ullah Khan
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, Universiteit Antwerpen, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | | | - Can Lu
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jianhong Chen
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aleksander Jaworski
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Giovanni Barcaro
- CNR-IPCF─Institute for Chemical and Physical Processes, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Susanna Monti
- CNR-ICCOM─Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Karolien De Wael
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, Universiteit Antwerpen, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Adam Slabon
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shoubhik Das
- Department of Chemistry, Universiteit Antwerpen, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
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44
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Xu J, Li Z, Xu Y, Shu X, Huo H. Stereodivergent Synthesis of Both Z- and E-Alkenes by Photoinduced, Ni-Catalyzed Enantioselective C(sp3)–H Alkenylation. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c04314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jitao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Zhilong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Yumin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomin Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Haohua Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
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45
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Abderrazak Y, Bhattacharyya A, Reiser O. Durch sichtbares Licht induzierte Homolyse unedler, gut verfügbarer Metallsubstratkomplexe: Eine komplementäre Aktivierungsstrategie in der Photoredoxkatalyse. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202100270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Abderrazak
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Aditya Bhattacharyya
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Oliver Reiser
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Deutschland
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46
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Abderrazak Y, Bhattacharyya A, Reiser O. Visible-Light-Induced Homolysis of Earth-Abundant Metal-Substrate Complexes: A Complementary Activation Strategy in Photoredox Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:21100-21115. [PMID: 33599363 PMCID: PMC8519011 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202100270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The mainstream applications of visible-light photoredox catalysis predominately involve outer-sphere single-electron transfer (SET) or energy transfer (EnT) processes of precious metal RuII or IrIII complexes or of organic dyes with low photostability. Earth-abundant metal-based Mn Ln -type (M=metal, Ln =polydentate ligands) complexes are rapidly evolving as alternative photocatalysts as they offer not only economic and ecological advantages but also access to the complementary inner-sphere mechanistic modes, thereby transcending their inherent limitations of ultrashort excited-state lifetimes for use as effective photocatalysts. The generic process, termed visible-light-induced homolysis (VLIH), entails the formation of suitable light-absorbing ligated metal-substrate complexes (Mn Ln -Z; Z=substrate) that can undergo homolytic cleavage to generate Mn-1 Ln and Z. for further transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Abderrazak
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Aditya Bhattacharyya
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Reiser
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
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47
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Mantry L, Maayuri R, Kumar V, Gandeepan P. Photoredox catalysis in nickel-catalyzed C-H functionalization. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:2209-2259. [PMID: 34621388 PMCID: PMC8451005 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Catalytic C‒H functionalization has become a powerful strategy in organic synthesis due to the improved atom-, step- and resource economy in comparison with cross-coupling or classical organic functional group transformations. Despite the significant advances in the metal-catalyzed C‒H activations, recent developments in the field of metallaphotoredox catalysis enabled C‒H functionalizations with unique reaction pathways under mild reaction conditions. Given the relative earth-abundance and cost-effective nature, nickel catalysts for photoredox C‒H functionalization have received significant attention. In this review, we highlight the developments in the field of photoredox nickel-catalyzed C‒H functionalization reactions with a range of applications until summer 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lusina Mantry
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati, Tirupati – Renigunta Road, Settipalli Post, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517506, India
| | - Rajaram Maayuri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati, Tirupati – Renigunta Road, Settipalli Post, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517506, India
| | - Vikash Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati, Tirupati – Renigunta Road, Settipalli Post, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517506, India
| | - Parthasarathy Gandeepan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati, Tirupati – Renigunta Road, Settipalli Post, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517506, India
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48
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Mazzanti S, Manfredi G, Barker AJ, Antonietti M, Savateev A, Giusto P. Carbon Nitride Thin Films as All-In-One Technology for Photocatalysis. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c02909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Mazzanti
- Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Colloid Chemistry, Research Campus Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Giovanni Manfredi
- Center for Nano Science and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via G. Pascoli 70, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Alex J. Barker
- Center for Nano Science and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via G. Pascoli 70, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Markus Antonietti
- Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Colloid Chemistry, Research Campus Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Aleksandr Savateev
- Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Colloid Chemistry, Research Campus Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Paolo Giusto
- Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Colloid Chemistry, Research Campus Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam 14476, Germany
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49
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Huan L, Shu X, Zu W, Zhong D, Huo H. Asymmetric benzylic C(sp 3)-H acylation via dual nickel and photoredox catalysis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3536. [PMID: 34112783 PMCID: PMC8192574 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23887-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Asymmetric C(sp3)-H functionalization is a persistent challenge in organic synthesis. Here, we report an asymmetric benzylic C-H acylation of alkylarenes employing carboxylic acids as acyl surrogates for the synthesis of α-aryl ketones via nickel and photoredox dual catalysis. This mild yet straightforward protocol transforms a diverse array of feedstock carboxylic acids and simple alkyl benzenes into highly valuable α-aryl ketones with high enantioselectivities. The utility of this method is showcased in the gram-scale synthesis and late-stage modification of medicinally relevant molecules. Mechanistic studies suggest a photocatalytically generated bromine radical can perform benzylic C-H cleavage to activate alkylarenes as nucleophilic coupling partners which can then engage in a nickel-catalyzed asymmetric acyl cross-coupling reaction. This bromine-radical-mediated C-H activation strategy can be also applied to the enantioselective coupling of alkylarenes with chloroformate for the synthesis of chiral α-aryl esters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leitao Huan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Weisai Zu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - De Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Haohua Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.
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Kaur J, Shahin A, Barham JP. Photocatalyst-Free, Visible-Light-Mediated C(sp3)–H Arylation of Amides via a Solvent-Caged EDA Complex. Org Lett 2021; 23:2002-2006. [PMID: 33596084 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaspreet Kaur
- Universität Regensburg, Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ahmed Shahin
- Universität Regensburg, Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, 13518 Benha, Egypt
| | - Joshua P. Barham
- Universität Regensburg, Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
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