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Kulyabin PS, Sharikov MI, Izmer VV, Kononovich DS, Goryunov GP, Alexeev NV, Uborsky DV, Vittoria A, Antinucci G, Ehm C, Budzelaar PHM, Cipullo R, Busico V, Voskoboynikov AZ. Triptycene as a scaffold in metallocene catalyzed olefin polymerization. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:9516-9525. [PMID: 38767874 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01170h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
A set of metallocene olefin polymerization catalysts bearing triptycene moieties in either position 4-5 (complexes Ty1-Ty5) or in position 5-6 (complexes Ty6-Ty8) of the basic dimethylsilyl-bridged bis(indenyl) system has been tested in propene polymerization and in ethene/1-hexene copolymerization. Comparison of the results with QSPR (quantitative structure-property relationship) predictions not parametrized for these exotic ligand variations demonstrates that trends can still be identified by extrapolation. Interestingly, Ty7, upon suitable activation, provides a highly isotactic polypropylene with an exceptional amount of 2,1 regio-errors (8%). The previously developed QSPR type models successfully predicted the low regioselectivity of this catalyst, despite the fact that the catalyst structure differs significantly from the benchmark set.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel S Kulyabin
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Mikhail I Sharikov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Vyatcheslav V Izmer
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Dmitry S Kononovich
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Georgy P Goryunov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Nikita V Alexeev
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Dmitry V Uborsky
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Antonio Vittoria
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Antinucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Christian Ehm
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Peter H M Budzelaar
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Roberta Cipullo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Busico
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy.
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Stieglitz L, Geiger C, Großmann PF, Kränzlein M, Rodewald K, Müller-Buschbaum P, Rieger B. Fiber Spinning of Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Isotactic Polypropylene: Melt Spinning and Melt Drawing. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202300045. [PMID: 36786339 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Herein, this work reports fiber spinning of tailored isotactic polypropylene (iPP) by melt spinning and melt drawing, yielding an adjustable diameter of 40-400 μm. The crystallinity of all obtained fibers with a molecular weight between 330-1400 kg/mol is increased by thermal annealing and investigated via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) as well as wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS). The potential of ultrahigh molecular weight iPP (UHMW-iPP) fibers compared to fibers manufactured from industrially available iPP becomes evident when the mechanical performance is compared: fibers spun from UHMW-iPP (1400 kg/mol) enable a tensile strength of up to 400 MPa, whereas commercially available fibers (330 kg/mol) show a tensile strength of approximately 50 MPa. However, UHMW-iPP exhibits a short timeframe, in which extrusion is possible, thereafter extrusion rupture occurs, probably induced by an increased melt viscosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Stieglitz
- Wacker-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie Catalysis Research Center TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Christina Geiger
- TUM School of Natural Sciences Department of Physics, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Paula F Großmann
- Wacker-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie Catalysis Research Center TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Moritz Kränzlein
- Wacker-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie Catalysis Research Center TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Katia Rodewald
- Wacker-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie Catalysis Research Center TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- TUM School of Natural Sciences Department of Physics, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748, Garching, Germany.,Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- Wacker-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie Catalysis Research Center TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
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Stieglitz L, Lenz TM, Saurwein A, Rieger B. Perfectly Isotactic Polypropylene upon In Situ Activation of Ultrarigid meso Hafnocenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202210797. [PMID: 36125844 PMCID: PMC9828379 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202210797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
For more than 40 years, the synthesis of C2 -symmetric indenyl-based racemic metallocenes for the isoselective polymerization of propylene relied on a tedious separation of the produced rac and meso isomers. Status quo, latter are considered wasteful as they produce atactic polypropylene (aPP) rather than isotactic polypropylene (iPP) if activated with methylaluminoxane (MAO). Unexpectedly, the in situ activation of meso hafnocene I yielded perfectly isotactic polypropylene. We verified an isomerization of the meso compound to the corresponding racemic one upon triisobutylaluminum (TIBA) addition via nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and established an easy and convenient polymerization protocol, enabling productivities comparable to pure rac-I if applied to pure meso-I or a mixture of both isomers. With this established isomerization protocol, the potential yield of iPP was enhanced by more than 400 %. This protocol was also shown to be applicable to other meso hafnocenes and some initial mechanistic insights were received.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Stieglitz
- Wacker-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare ChemieCatalysis Research CenterTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstraße 485748Garching bei MünchenGermany
| | - Tim M. Lenz
- Wacker-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare ChemieCatalysis Research CenterTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstraße 485748Garching bei MünchenGermany
| | - Andreas Saurwein
- Wacker-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare ChemieCatalysis Research CenterTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstraße 485748Garching bei MünchenGermany
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- Wacker-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare ChemieCatalysis Research CenterTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstraße 485748Garching bei MünchenGermany
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Zhang S, Cao C, Guo W, Zhang Y, Sun M, Yang W, He L, Huang Q. Prominent Spatial Structure and Synergistic Linkage Effects in Bimetallic Titanium Olefin Polymerization Catalysts. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c02855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaomeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, the College of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing100029, China
| | - Chunpeng Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, the College of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing100029, China
| | - Wensi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, the College of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing100029, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, the College of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing100029, China
| | - Min Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Sinopec, Beijing100083, China
| | - Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, the College of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing100029, China
| | - Lei He
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, the College of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing100029, China
| | - Qigu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, the College of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing100029, China
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Vittoria A, Goryunov GP, Izmer VV, Kononovich DS, Samsonov OV, Zaccaria F, Urciuoli G, Budzelaar PHM, Busico V, Voskoboynikov AZ, Uborsky DV, Ehm C, Cipullo R. Hafnium vs. Zirconium, the Perpetual Battle for Supremacy in Catalytic Olefin Polymerization: A Simple Matter of Electrophilicity? Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2621. [PMID: 34451163 PMCID: PMC8400551 DOI: 10.3390/polym13162621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The performance of C2-symmetric ansa-hafnocene catalysts for isotactic polypropylene typically deteriorates at increasing temperature much faster than that of their zirconium analogues. Herein, we analyze in detail a set of five Hf/Zr metallocene pairs-including some of the latest generation catalysts-at medium- to high-polymerization temperature. Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models for stereoselectivity, the ratio allyl/vinyl chain ends, and 2,1/3,1 misinsertions in the polymer indicate a strong dependence of polymerization performance on electrophilicity of the catalyst, which is a function of the ligand framework and the metal center. Based on this insight, the stronger performance decline of hafnocenes is ascribed to electrophilicity-dependent stabilization effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Vittoria
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Georgy P Goryunov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1/3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vyatcheslav V Izmer
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1/3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry S Kononovich
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1/3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Oleg V Samsonov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1/3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Francesco Zaccaria
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie and CIRCC, Universitaà di Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Gaia Urciuoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Peter H M Budzelaar
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Busico
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Alexander Z Voskoboynikov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1/3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry V Uborsky
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1/3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Christian Ehm
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Roberta Cipullo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
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