1
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Mehl C, Wylezich C, Geiger C, Schauerte N, Mätz-Rensing K, Nesseler A, Höper D, Linnenbrink M, Beer M, Heckel G, Ulrich RG. Reemergence of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Mammarenavirus, Germany. Emerg Infect Dis 2023; 29:631-634. [PMID: 36823667 PMCID: PMC9973704 DOI: 10.3201/eid2903.221822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis mammarenavirus (LCMV) is a globally distributed zoonotic pathogen transmitted by house mice (Mus musculus). We report the reemergence of LCMV (lineages I and II) in wild house mice (Mus musculus domesticus) and LCMV lineage I in a diseased golden lion tamarin (Leontopithecus rosalia) from a zoo in Germany.
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2
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Stieglitz L, Geiger C, Großmann PF, Kränzlein M, Rodewald K, Müller-Buschbaum P, Rieger B. Fiber Spinning of Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Isotactic Polypropylene: Melt Spinning and Melt Drawing. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202300045. [PMID: 36786339 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Herein, this work reports fiber spinning of tailored isotactic polypropylene (iPP) by melt spinning and melt drawing, yielding an adjustable diameter of 40-400 μm. The crystallinity of all obtained fibers with a molecular weight between 330-1400 kg/mol is increased by thermal annealing and investigated via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) as well as wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS). The potential of ultrahigh molecular weight iPP (UHMW-iPP) fibers compared to fibers manufactured from industrially available iPP becomes evident when the mechanical performance is compared: fibers spun from UHMW-iPP (1400 kg/mol) enable a tensile strength of up to 400 MPa, whereas commercially available fibers (330 kg/mol) show a tensile strength of approximately 50 MPa. However, UHMW-iPP exhibits a short timeframe, in which extrusion is possible, thereafter extrusion rupture occurs, probably induced by an increased melt viscosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Stieglitz
- Wacker-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie Catalysis Research Center TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Christina Geiger
- TUM School of Natural Sciences Department of Physics, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Paula F Großmann
- Wacker-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie Catalysis Research Center TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Moritz Kränzlein
- Wacker-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie Catalysis Research Center TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Katia Rodewald
- Wacker-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie Catalysis Research Center TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- TUM School of Natural Sciences Department of Physics, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748, Garching, Germany.,Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- Wacker-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie Catalysis Research Center TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
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3
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Vagias A, Nelson A, Wang P, Reitenbach J, Geiger C, Kreuzer LP, Saerbeck T, Cubitt R, Benetti EM, Müller-Buschbaum P. The Topology of Polymer Brushes Determines Their Nanoscale Hydration. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2300035. [PMID: 36815590 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Time-of-flight neutron reflectometry (ToF-NR) performed under different relative humidity conditions demonstrates that polymer brushes constituted by hydrophilic, cyclic macromolecules exhibit a more compact conformation with lower roughness as compared to linear brush analogues, due to the absence of dangling chain ends extending at the polymer-vapor interface. In addition, cyclic brushes feature a larger swelling ratio and an increased solvent uptake with respect to their linear counterparts as a consequence of the increased interchain steric repulsions. It is proposed that differences in swelling ratios between linear and cyclic brushes come from differences in osmotic pressure experienced by each brush topology. These differences stem from entropic constraints. The findings suggest that to correlate the equilibrium swelling ratios at different relative humidity for different topologies a new form of the Flory-like expression for equilibrium thicknesses of grafted brushes is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apostolos Vagias
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Andrew Nelson
- ANSTO, New Illawarra Road, Lucas Heights, NSW, 2234, Australia
| | - Peixi Wang
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Julija Reitenbach
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Christina Geiger
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Lucas Philipp Kreuzer
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany.,Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Thomas Saerbeck
- Institut Laue Langevin (ILL), 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Robert Cubitt
- Institut Laue Langevin (ILL), 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Edmondo Maria Benetti
- Polymer Surfaces Group, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, Padova, 35122, Italy.,Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany.,Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
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4
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Reitenbach J, Geiger C, Wang P, Vagias A, Cubitt R, Schanzenbach D, Laschewsky A, Papadakis CM, Müller-Buschbaum P. Effect of Magnesium Salts with Chaotropic Anions on the Swelling Behavior of PNIPMAM Thin Films. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Julija Reitenbach
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Christina Geiger
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Peixi Wang
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Apostolos Vagias
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Robert Cubitt
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 6 rue Jules Horowitz, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Dirk Schanzenbach
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - André Laschewsky
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institut für Angewandte Polymerforschung, Geiselbergstr. 69, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Christine M. Papadakis
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Fachgebiet Physik weicher Materie, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
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5
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Mehl C, Wylezich C, Geiger C, Schauerte N, Mätz-Rensing K, Nesseler A, Höper D, Linnenbrink M, Beer M, Heckel G, Ulrich RG. Use of Zoo Mice in Study of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Mammarenavirus, Germany (Response). Emerg Infect Dis 2023; 30:205-206. [PMID: 38146988 PMCID: PMC10756383 DOI: 10.3201/eid3001.231521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
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6
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Wang P, Geiger C, Kreuzer LP, Widmann T, Reitenbach J, Liang S, Cubitt R, Henschel C, Laschewsky A, Papadakis CM, Müller-Buschbaum P. Poly(sulfobetaine)-Based Diblock Copolymer Thin Films in Water/Acetone Atmosphere: Modulation of Water Hydration and Co-nonsolvency-Triggered Film Contraction. Langmuir 2022; 38:6934-6948. [PMID: 35609178 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The water swelling and subsequent solvent exchange including co-nonsolvency behavior of thin films of a doubly thermo-responsive diblock copolymer (DBC) are studied via spectral reflectance, time-of-flight neutron reflectometry, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The DBC consists of a thermo-responsive zwitterionic (poly(4-((3-methacrylamidopropyl) dimethylammonio) butane-1-sulfonate)) (PSBP) block, featuring an upper critical solution temperature transition in aqueous media but being insoluble in acetone, and a nonionic poly(N-isopropylmethacrylamide) (PNIPMAM) block, featuring a lower critical solution temperature transition in water, while being soluble in acetone. Homogeneous DBC films of 50-100 nm thickness are first swollen in saturated water vapor (H2O or D2O), before they are subjected to a contraction process by exposure to mixed saturated water/acetone vapor (H2O or D2O/acetone-d6 = 9:1 v/v). The affinity of the DBC film toward H2O is stronger than for D2O, as inferred from the higher film thickness in the swollen state and the higher absorbed water content, thus revealing a pronounced isotope sensitivity. During the co-solvent-induced switching by mixed water/acetone vapor, a two-step film contraction is observed, which is attributed to the delayed expulsion of water molecules and uptake of acetone molecules. The swelling kinetics are compared for both mixed vapors (H2O/acetone-d6 and D2O/acetone-d6) and with those of the related homopolymer films. Moreover, the concomitant variations of the local environment around the hydrophilic groups located in the PSBP and PNIPMAM blocks are followed. The first contraction step turns out to be dominated by the behavior of the PSBP block, whereas the second one is dominated by the PNIPMAM block. The unusual swelling and contraction behavior of the latter block is attributed to its co-nonsolvency behavior. Furthermore, we observe cooperative hydration effects in the DBC films, that is, both polymer blocks influence each other's solvation behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixi Wang
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Street 1, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Christina Geiger
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Street 1, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Lucas P Kreuzer
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Street 1, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Tobias Widmann
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Street 1, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Julija Reitenbach
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Street 1, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Suzhe Liang
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Street 1, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Robert Cubitt
- Institut-Laue-Langevin, 6 rue Jules Horowitz, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Cristiane Henschel
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Street 24-25, Potsdam-Golm 14476, Germany
| | - André Laschewsky
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Street 24-25, Potsdam-Golm 14476, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institut für Angewandte Polymerforschung, Geiselberg Street 69, Potsdam-Golm 14476, Germany
| | - Christine M Papadakis
- Fachgebiet Physik weicher Materie, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Street 1, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Street 1, Garching 85748, Germany
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München, Lichtenberg Street 1, Garching 85748, Germany
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7
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Schwarzenberger F, Krawinkel P, Jeserschek SM, Schauerte N, Geiger C, Balfanz F, Knauf-Witzens T, Sicks F, Martinez Nevado E, Anfray G, Hein A, Kaandorp-Huber C, Marcordes S, Venshøj B. Immunocontraception of male and female giraffes using the GnRH vaccine Improvac®. Zoo Biol 2021; 41:50-64. [PMID: 34478196 PMCID: PMC9292419 DOI: 10.1002/zoo.21651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop protocols for contraception in both sexes of giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis) by using the GnRH vaccine Improvac®. We evaluated the success of immunization by analyzing fecal reproductive hormone metabolites in female (n = 20) and male (n = 9) giraffes. Endocrine analysis provided the basis for the successful immunization protocol, as well as for assessing long-term effects. Reliable reduction of fecal steroid metabolites to baseline levels in female giraffes was achieved with three, and in males with four or five injections at 4-week intervals. Effective booster injections were administered at 2-month intervals in the first year of treatment and at three to 4-month intervals in the following years. In addition to endocrine analysis, we determined vaccination efficacy in bulls by assessing testicular atrophy. Long-term (>2 years) use in females was often accompanied by prolonged periods of persistent corpus luteum activity, although normal cycles were not observed. Problems might occur with reversibility, because in a few males and females, even after more than 2 years since treatment had been stopped, fecal hormone metabolites have not returned to pretreatment levels. The results are somewhat ambiguous, as reproduction can be suppressed by use of Improvac®, but the question of reversibility remains unsolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Schwarzenberger
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Physiology-Endocrinology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Sophia-Maria Jeserschek
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Physiology-Endocrinology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
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8
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Kreuzer LP, Widmann T, Geiger C, Wang P, Vagias A, Heger JE, Haese M, Hildebrand V, Laschewsky A, Papadakis CM, Müller-Buschbaum P. Salt-Dependent Phase Transition Behavior of Doubly Thermoresponsive Poly(sulfobetaine)-Based Diblock Copolymer Thin Films. Langmuir 2021; 37:9179-9191. [PMID: 34279952 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The water vapor-induced swelling, as well as subsequent phase-transition kinetics, of thin films of a diblock copolymer (DBC) loaded with different amounts of the salt NaBr, is investigated in situ. In dilute aqueous solution, the DBC features an orthogonally thermoresponsive behavior. It consists of a zwitterionic poly(sulfobetaine) block, namely, poly(4-(N-(3'-methacrylamidopropyl)-N,N-dimethylammonio) butane-1-sulfonate) (PSBP), showing an upper critical solution temperature, and a nonionic block, namely, poly(N-isopropylmethacrylamide) (PNIPMAM), exhibiting a lower critical solution temperature. The swelling kinetics in D2O vapor at 15 °C and the phase transition kinetics upon heating the swollen film to 60 °C and cooling back to 15 °C are followed with simultaneous time-of-flight neutron reflectometry and spectral reflectance measurements. These are complemented by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The collapse temperature of PNIPMAM and the swelling temperature of PSBP are found at lower temperatures than in aqueous solution, which is attributed to the high polymer concentration in the thin-film geometry. Upon inclusion of sub-stoichiometric amounts (relative to the monomer units) of NaBr in the films, the water incorporation is significantly increased. This increase is mainly attributed to a salting-in effect on the zwitterionic PSBP block. Whereas the addition of NaBr notably shifts the swelling temperature of PSBP to lower temperatures, the collapse temperature of PNIPMAM remains unaffected by the presence of salt in the films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas P Kreuzer
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Tobias Widmann
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Christina Geiger
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Peixi Wang
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Apostolos Vagias
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Julian E Heger
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Martin Haese
- German Engineering Material Science (GEMS), Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon Outstation at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Lichtenbergstr. 1, Garchingv, Germany
| | - Viet Hildebrand
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - André Laschewsky
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institut für Angewandte Polymerforschung, Geiselbergstr. 69, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Christine M Papadakis
- Fachgebiet Physik Weicher Materie, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
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9
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Kreuzer LP, Geiger C, Widmann T, Wang P, Cubitt R, Hildebrand V, Laschewsky A, Papadakis CM, Müller-Buschbaum P. Solvation Behavior of Poly(sulfobetaine)-Based Diblock Copolymer Thin Films in Mixed Water/Methanol Vapors. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas P. Kreuzer
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Christina Geiger
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Tobias Widmann
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Peixi Wang
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Robert Cubitt
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 6 rue Jules Horowitz, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Viet Hildebrand
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - André Laschewsky
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institut für Angewandte Polymerforschung, Geiselbergstr. 69, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Christine M. Papadakis
- Fachgebiet Physik weicher Materie, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
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10
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Schaper SJ, Löhrer FC, Xia S, Geiger C, Schwartzkopf M, Pandit P, Rubeck J, Fricke B, Frenzke S, Hinz AM, Carstens N, Polonskyi O, Strunskus T, Faupel F, Roth SV, Müller-Buschbaum P. Revealing the growth of copper on polystyrene- block-poly(ethylene oxide) diblock copolymer thin films with in situ GISAXS. Nanoscale 2021; 13:10555-10565. [PMID: 34100512 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr01480c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) as an excellent electrical conductor and the amphiphilic diblock copolymer polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (PS-b-PEO) as a polymer electrolyte and ionic conductor can be combined with an active material in composite electrodes for polymer lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). As interfaces are a key issue in LIBs, sputter deposition of Cu contacts on PS-b-PEO thin films with high PEO fraction is investigated with in situ grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) to follow the formation of the Cu layer in real-time. We observe a hierarchical morphology of Cu clusters building larger Cu agglomerates. Two characteristic distances corresponding to the PS-b-PEO microphase separation and the Cu clusters are determined. A selective agglomeration of Cu clusters on the PS domains explains the origin of the persisting hierarchical morphology of the Cu layer even after a complete surface coverage is reached. The spheroidal shape of the Cu clusters growing within the first few nanometers of sputter deposition causes a highly porous Cu-polymer interface. Four growth stages are distinguished corresponding to different kinetics of the cluster growth of Cu on PS-b-PEO thin films: (I) nucleation, (II) diffusion-driven growth, (III) adsorption-driven growth, and (IV) grain growth of Cu clusters. Percolation is reached at an effective Cu layer thickness of 5.75 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon J Schaper
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Franziska C Löhrer
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Senlin Xia
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Christina Geiger
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Matthias Schwartzkopf
- Photon Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Pallavi Pandit
- Photon Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Rubeck
- Photon Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Björn Fricke
- Photon Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Susann Frenzke
- Photon Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexander M Hinz
- Lehrstuhl für Materialverbunde, Institut für Materialwissenschaft, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kaiserstr. 2, 24143 Kiel, Germany
| | - Niko Carstens
- Lehrstuhl für Materialverbunde, Institut für Materialwissenschaft, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kaiserstr. 2, 24143 Kiel, Germany
| | - Oleksandr Polonskyi
- Lehrstuhl für Materialverbunde, Institut für Materialwissenschaft, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kaiserstr. 2, 24143 Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas Strunskus
- Lehrstuhl für Materialverbunde, Institut für Materialwissenschaft, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kaiserstr. 2, 24143 Kiel, Germany
| | - Franz Faupel
- Lehrstuhl für Materialverbunde, Institut für Materialwissenschaft, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kaiserstr. 2, 24143 Kiel, Germany
| | - Stephan V Roth
- Photon Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany and KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany. and Heinz Maier-Leibniz Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
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11
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Geiger C, Reitenbach J, Kreuzer LP, Widmann T, Wang P, Cubitt R, Henschel C, Laschewsky A, Papadakis CM, Müller-Buschbaum P. PMMA- b-PNIPAM Thin Films Display Cononsolvency-Driven Response in Mixed Water/Methanol Vapors. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Geiger
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Julija Reitenbach
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Lucas P. Kreuzer
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Tobias Widmann
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Peixi Wang
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Robert Cubitt
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 6 rue Jules Horowitz, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Cristiane Henschel
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - André Laschewsky
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institut für Angewandte Polymerforschung, Geiselbergstr. 69, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Christine M. Papadakis
- Fachgebiet Physik weicher Materie, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
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Kreuzer LP, Lindenmeir C, Geiger C, Widmann T, Hildebrand V, Laschewsky A, Papadakis CM, Müller-Buschbaum P. Poly(sulfobetaine) versus Poly( N-isopropylmethacrylamide): Co-Nonsolvency-Type Behavior of Thin Films in a Water/Methanol Atmosphere. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas P. Kreuzer
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Christoph Lindenmeir
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Christina Geiger
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Tobias Widmann
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Viet Hildebrand
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - André Laschewsky
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institut für Angewandte Polymerforschung, Geiselbergstr. 69, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Christine M. Papadakis
- Fachgebiet Physik weicher Materie, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
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Silva LMR, Voelker I, Geiger C, Schauerte N, Hirzmann J, Bauer C, Taubert A, Hermosilla C. Pterygodermatites nycticebi infections in golden lion tamarins (Leontopithecus rosalia rosalia) and aye-ayes (Daubentonia madagascariensis) from a German zoo. Zoo Biol 2020; 40:59-64. [PMID: 33135172 DOI: 10.1002/zoo.21578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In a golden lion tamarin (Leontopithecus rosalia rosalia) colony kept indoors in a German zoo, two animals presented a sudden onset of reduced general condition, lethargy, and diarrhea. At animal capture for clinical examination, adult nematode stages were observed after stress-induced defecation. Despite treatment, two golden lion tamarins died in the following 2 days. At necropsy, spirurid stages were found in the lungs and intestine. Additionally, adult Pterygodermatites spp. were identified in histopathological samples of intestine and pancreas, confirming the previous diagnosis. Upon diagnosis, all animals were treated with ivermectin (0.2 mg/kg; SC). Thereafter, the general condition of the golden lion tamarins improved, whereby some of them excreted spirurid nematodes over 3 days. Four weeks after treatment, 20 fecal samples from the colony were examined and proved negative for parasitic stages. Given that common German cockroaches (Blattella germanica) are suitable intermediate hosts of Pterygodermatites nycticebi, 30 specimens were collected from seven different locations around the golden lion tamarins housing. Third-stage larvae of Pterygodermatites spp. were recovered from those cockroaches. Regular anthelmintic treatments, coprological screenings, and controls for intermediate hosts were recommended. More than 2 years later, P. nycticebi infection was diagnosed again histopathologically in an aye-aye (Daubentonia madagascariensis) which suddenly died. Coprological analysis confirmed the presence of spirurid eggs. Due to prosimian primates' cockroach-eating habits and given that total cockroach eradication proved impossible, continuous cockroach control strategies and regular treatments of primates are currently performed to prevent further P. nycticebi infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana M R Silva
- Institute of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Iris Voelker
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Pathology and Parasitology Diagnostic, Landesbetrieb Hessisches Landeslabor, Giessen, Germany
| | | | | | - Joerg Hirzmann
- Institute of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christian Bauer
- Institute of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Anja Taubert
- Institute of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Carlos Hermosilla
- Institute of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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14
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Fawzy A, Rau J, Riße K, Schauerte N, Geiger C, Blom J, Imirzalioglu C, Falgenhauer J, Bach A, Herden C, Eisenberg T. Streptobacillus felis, a member of the oropharynx microbiota of the Felidae, isolated from a tropical rusty-spotted cat. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2020; 113:1455-1465. [PMID: 32776203 PMCID: PMC7415334 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-020-01454-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Streptobacillus felis is a fastidious microorganism and a novel member of the potentially zoonotic bacteria causing rat bite fever. Since its description, this is the second isolation of S. felis in a diseased member of the Felidae. Interestingly, the strain from this study was isolated from a zoo held, rusty-spotted cat (Prionailurus rubiginosus), with pneumonia, thereby indicating a possible broader host range in feline species. A recent preliminary sampling of domestic cats (Felis silvestris forma catus) revealed that this microorganism is common in the oropharynx, suggesting that S. felis is a member of their normal microbiota. Due to unawareness, fastidiousness, antibiotic sensitivity and lack of diagnostics the role of S. felis as a cat and human pathogen might be under-reported as with other Streptobacillus infections. More studies are necessary to elucidate the role of S. felis in domestic cats and other Felidae in order to better estimate its zoonotic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Fawzy
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Hessian State Laboratory (LHL), Schubertstr. 60, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jörg Rau
- Chemical and Veterinary Analysis Agency Stuttgart, Schaflandstr. 3/2, 70736, Fellbach, Germany
| | - Karin Riße
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Hessian State Laboratory (LHL), Schubertstr. 60, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Nicole Schauerte
- Frankfurt Zoo, Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee 1, 60316, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christina Geiger
- Frankfurt Zoo, Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee 1, 60316, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jochen Blom
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Can Imirzalioglu
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Schubertstr. 81, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jane Falgenhauer
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Schubertstr. 81, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Alexa Bach
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 96, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christiane Herden
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 96, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Tobias Eisenberg
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Hessian State Laboratory (LHL), Schubertstr. 60, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
- Institute of Hygiene and Infectious Diseases of Animals, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
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15
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Eisenberg T, Schlez K, Fawzy A, Völker I, Hechinger S, Curić M, Schauerte N, Geiger C, Blom J, Scholz HC. Expanding the host range: infection of a reptilian host (Furcifer pardalis) by an atypical Brucella strain. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2020; 113:1531-1537. [PMID: 32699967 PMCID: PMC7481142 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-020-01448-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Atypical brucellae show deviant phenotypes and/or genotypes. Besides Brucella inopinata, B. microti and B. vulpis, atypical strains have been described infecting humans, rodents, amphibians and fish. They represent potential zoonotic agents. Here, we provide evidence that reptiles as the remaining poikilothermic vertebrate class also represent susceptible hosts for atypical Brucella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Eisenberg
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Hessian State Laboratory (LHL), Schubertstr. 60/ Haus 13, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Karen Schlez
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Hessian State Laboratory (LHL), Schubertstr. 60/ Haus 13, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Ahmad Fawzy
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Hessian State Laboratory (LHL), Schubertstr. 60/ Haus 13, 35392, Giessen, Germany.,Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza Square, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Iris Völker
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Hessian State Laboratory (LHL), Schubertstr. 60/ Haus 13, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Silke Hechinger
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Hessian State Laboratory (LHL), Schubertstr. 60/ Haus 13, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Mersiha Curić
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Hessian State Laboratory (LHL), Schubertstr. 60/ Haus 13, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Nicole Schauerte
- Frankfurt Zoo, Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee 1, 60316, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christina Geiger
- Frankfurt Zoo, Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee 1, 60316, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jochen Blom
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Holger C Scholz
- Department of Bacteriology and Toxinology, Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Neuherbergstrasse 11, 80937, Munich, Germany
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Nesseler A, Schauerte N, Geiger C, Kaerger K, Walther G, Kurzai O, Eisenberg T. Sporothrix humicola (Ascomycota: Ophiostomatales) - A soil-borne fungus with pathogenic potential in the eastern quoll ( Dasyurus viverrinus). Med Mycol Case Rep 2019; 25:39-44. [PMID: 31428554 PMCID: PMC6695275 DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Sporothrix contains both species pathogenic to humans and animals as well as environmental fungi. S. humicola, a member of the latter S. pallida clade, has previously been reported only from soil. We have isolated this dimorphic fungus from multiple cutaneous lesions in two endangered marsupials native to Tasmania. Clinical appearance resembled cutaneous sporotrichosis, highlighting the principle pathogenic potential. Identification was based on partial ITS, β-tubulin and calmodulin gene sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Nesseler
- Hessian State Laboratory (LHL), Department of Veterinary Medicine, Schubertstr. 60, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Nicole Schauerte
- Frankfurt Zoo, Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee 1, 60316, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christina Geiger
- Frankfurt Zoo, Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee 1, 60316, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Kerstin Kaerger
- National Reference Center for Invasive Fungal Infections, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, HKI, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 23, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Grit Walther
- National Reference Center for Invasive Fungal Infections, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, HKI, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 23, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Oliver Kurzai
- National Reference Center for Invasive Fungal Infections, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, HKI, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 23, 07745, Jena, Germany.,Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider Str. 2, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Eisenberg
- Hessian State Laboratory (LHL), Department of Veterinary Medicine, Schubertstr. 60, 35392, Giessen, Germany
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Geiger C, Baker K, Redman M, Goulart B, Eaton K, Martins R, Baik C. P1.06-009 Barriers to Clinical Trial Participation in Lung Cancer Patients, a Single Institution Experience. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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18
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Nagib S, Glaeser SP, Eisenberg T, Sammra O, Lämmler C, Kämpfer P, Schauerte N, Geiger C, Kaim U, Prenger-Berninghoff E, Becker A, Abdulmawjood A. Fatal infection in three Grey Slender Lorises (Loris lydekkerianus nordicus) caused by clonally related Trueperella pyogenes. BMC Vet Res 2017; 13:273. [PMID: 28851356 PMCID: PMC5576266 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-017-1171-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Trueperella pyogenes is a worldwide known bacterium causing mastitis, abortion and various other pyogenic infections in domestic animals like ruminants and pigs. In this study we represent the first case report of three unusual fatal infections of Grey Slender Lorises caused by Trueperella pyogenes. Meanwhile, this study represents the first in-depth description of the multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) on T. pyogenes species. Case presentation Three Trueperella pyogenes were isolated from three different Grey Slender Lorises, which died within a period of two years at Frankfurt Zoo (Frankfurt am Main - Germany). The three Grey Slender Loris cases were suffering from severe sepsis and died from its complication. During the bacteriological investigation of the three cases, the T. pyogenes were isolated from different organisms in each case. The epidemiological relationship between the three isolates could be shown by four genomic DNA fingerprint methods (ERIC-PCR, BOX-PCR, (GTG)5-PCR, and RAPD-PCR) and by multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) investigating four different housekeeping genes (fusA-tuf-metG-gyrA). Conclusion In this study, we clearly showed by means of using three different rep-PCRs, by RAPD-PCR and by MLSA that the genomic fingerprinting of the investigated three T. pyogenes have the same clonal origin and are genetically identical. These results suggest that the same isolate contaminated the animal’s facility and subsequently caused cross infection between the three different Grey Slender Lorises. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first epidemiological approach concentrating on T. pyogenes using MLSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy Nagib
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Schubertstraße 81, D-35392, Gießen, Germany
| | - Stefanie P Glaeser
- Institut für Angewandte Mikrobiologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, D-35392, Gießen, Germany
| | - Tobias Eisenberg
- Landesbetrieb Hessisches Landeslabor, Schubertstraße. 60, D-35392, Gießen, Germany
| | - Osama Sammra
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Schubertstraße 81, D-35392, Gießen, Germany
| | - Christoph Lämmler
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Schubertstraße 81, D-35392, Gießen, Germany
| | - Peter Kämpfer
- Institut für Angewandte Mikrobiologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, D-35392, Gießen, Germany
| | - Nicole Schauerte
- Zoologischer Garten Frankfurt am Main, Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee 1, D-60316, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christina Geiger
- Zoologischer Garten Frankfurt am Main, Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee 1, D-60316, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ute Kaim
- Landesbetrieb Hessisches Landeslabor, Schubertstraße. 60, D-35392, Gießen, Germany
| | - Ellen Prenger-Berninghoff
- Institut für Hygiene und Infektionskrankheiten der Tiere, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Frankfurter Straße. 85-91, D-35392, Gießen, Germany
| | - André Becker
- Institute of Food Quality and Food Safety, Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bischofsholer Damm 15, D-30173, Hannover, Germany
| | - Amir Abdulmawjood
- Institute of Food Quality and Food Safety, Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bischofsholer Damm 15, D-30173, Hannover, Germany.
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19
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Eisenberg T, Riße K, Schauerte N, Geiger C, Blom J, Scholz HC. Isolation of a novel ‘atypical’ Brucella strain from a bluespotted ribbontail ray (Taeniura lymma). Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2016; 110:221-234. [DOI: 10.1007/s10482-016-0792-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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20
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Dietrich U, Landersz M, Stahl-Hennig C, Geiger C, Foley BT. Genetic characterization of near full length SIVdrl genomes from four captive drills (Mandrillus leucophaeus). AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2015; 31:353-7. [PMID: 25523403 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2014.0244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We sequenced near full length SIVdrl genomes from four captive drills (Mandrillus leucophaeus). All four animals were born in captivity in German zoos. Although serologically SIV negative before acquisition in zoo A in 2008 and 2009, during a routine analysis all four animals were determined to be SIV antibody positive in 2011. Comparisons of the four new SIVdrl sequences showed high identity among each other (90.7-97.7% in env) and to the only published full length sequence SIVdrl FAO (90.5-92.8% in env), which is also derived from a captive drill. SIVdrl infections seem to be highly prevalent in captive drills, probably resulting from frequent animal transfers between the zoos in an effort to maintain this highly endangered species and its genetic diversity. This should be kept in mind as SIVdrl may be transmitted to uninfected animals in open groups and potentially also to animal keepers having contact with these nonhuman primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Dietrich
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Margot Landersz
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Frankfurt, Germany
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21
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Eisenberg T, Mauder N, Contzen M, Rau J, Ewers C, Schlez K, Althoff G, Schauerte N, Geiger C, Margos G, Konrad R, Sing A. Outbreak with clonally related isolates of Corynebacterium ulcerans in a group of water rats. BMC Microbiol 2015; 15:42. [PMID: 25887321 PMCID: PMC4342102 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-015-0384-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The zoonotic bacterium Corynebacterium ulcerans may be pathogenic both in humans and animals: toxigenic strains can cause diphtheria or diphtheria-like disease in humans via diphtheria toxin, while strains producing the dermonecrotic exotoxin phospholipase D may lead to caseous lymphadenitis primarily in wild animals. Diphtheria toxin-positive Corynebacterium ulcerans strains have been isolated mainly from cattle, dogs and cats. Results Here, we report a series of ten isolations of Corynebacterium ulcerans from a group of water rats (Hydromys chrysogaster) with ulcerative skin lesions, which were kept in a zoo. The isolates were clearly assigned to species level by biochemical identification systems, Fourier-transform infrared-spectroscopy, Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry and partial rpoB sequencing, respectively. All ten isolates turned out to represent the same sequence type, strongly indicating a cluster of infections by clonally-related isolates as could be demonstrated for the first time for this species using multilocus sequence typing. Unequivocal demonstration of high relatedness of the isolates could also be demonstrated by Fourier-transform infrared-spectroscopy. All isolates were lacking the diphtheria toxin encoding tox-gene, but were phospholipase D-positive. Conclusions Our results indicate that water rats represent a suitable new host species that is prone to infection and must be regarded as a reservoir for potentially zoonotic Corynebacterium ulcerans. Furthermore, the applied methods demonstrated persistent infection as well as a very close relationship between all ten isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Eisenberg
- Landesbetrieb Hessisches Landeslabor, Schubertstr. 60, 35392, Gießen, Germany.
| | - Norman Mauder
- Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt Stuttgart, Schaflandstr. 3/2, 70736, Fellbach, Germany.
| | - Matthias Contzen
- Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt Stuttgart, Schaflandstr. 3/2, 70736, Fellbach, Germany.
| | - Jörg Rau
- Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt Stuttgart, Schaflandstr. 3/2, 70736, Fellbach, Germany.
| | - Christa Ewers
- Institute of Hygiene and Infectious Diseases of Animals, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Frankfurter Strasse 85-89, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Karen Schlez
- Landesbetrieb Hessisches Landeslabor, Schubertstr. 60, 35392, Gießen, Germany.
| | - Gisa Althoff
- Landesbetrieb Hessisches Landeslabor, Schubertstr. 60, 35392, Gießen, Germany.
| | - Nicole Schauerte
- Zoo Frankfurt, Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee 1, 60316, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Christina Geiger
- Zoo Frankfurt, Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee 1, 60316, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Gabriele Margos
- National Consiliary Laboratory on Diphtheria, Bayerisches Landesamt für Gesundheit und Lebensmittelsicherheit, Veterinärstraße 2, 85764, Oberschleißheim, Germany.
| | - Regina Konrad
- National Consiliary Laboratory on Diphtheria, Bayerisches Landesamt für Gesundheit und Lebensmittelsicherheit, Veterinärstraße 2, 85764, Oberschleißheim, Germany.
| | - Andreas Sing
- National Consiliary Laboratory on Diphtheria, Bayerisches Landesamt für Gesundheit und Lebensmittelsicherheit, Veterinärstraße 2, 85764, Oberschleißheim, Germany.
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Lichtenegger FS, Beck B, Bigalke I, Geiger C, Hiddemann W, Henschler R, Kvalheim G, Schendel DJ, Subklewe M. P55. Dendritic cell vaccination for postremission therapy in AML. J Immunother Cancer 2014. [PMCID: PMC4072282 DOI: 10.1186/2051-1426-2-s2-p29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Eisenberg T, Nagib S, Hijazin M, Alber J, Lämmler C, Hassan AA, Timke M, Kostrzewa M, Prenger-Berninghoff E, Schauerte N, Geiger C, Kaim U, Zschöck M. Trueperella pyogenes as cause of a facial abscess in a grey slender loris (Loris lydekkerianus nordicus)--a case report. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr 2012; 125:407-410. [PMID: 23045803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In the present study a Trueperella (T.) pyogenes strain isolated from an abscess on the left side of the face of a six year old grey slender loris (Loris lydekkerianus nordicus) could successfully be identified phenotypically, by MALDI-TOF MS analysis and genotypically using T. pyogenes superoxide dismutase A encoding gene sodA and T. pyogenes 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region specific oligonucleotide primers. The T. pyogenes strain could additionally be characterized by PCR-mediated amplification of several known and putative virulence factor encoding genes which revealed the presence of the genes plo encoding pyolysin, nanH encoding neuraminidase NanH and the genes fimA, fimC, fimE encoding the fimbrial subunits FimA, FimC and FimE but not the genes cbpA and nanP encoding collagen-binding protein CbpA and neuraminidase NanP, respectively. The present data give the first information about properties of T. pyogenes isolated from a monkey.
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Eiwegger T, Gruber S, Geiger C, Mayer E, Dehlink E, Bannert C, Frischer T, Kasper D, Jaksch P, Klepetko W, Akdis C, Szépfalusi Z. Impact of systemic immuno-suppression after solid organ transplantation on allergen-specific responses. Allergy 2011; 66:271-8. [PMID: 21208218 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2010.02475.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The immunosuppressive therapy in solid organ transplantation targets mainly the T- and B-cell-mediated immune response. However, there is evidence that it neither suppresses sensitization nor clinical manifestation of allergic diseases in organ-transplanted patients. OBJECTIVE This study addresses the question whether allergen-specific responses are altered by systemic immunosuppression via negative effects on the T-regulatory cell compartment and a more pronounced suppression on Th1-type T-cell responses. MATERIAL AND METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 65 solid organ-transplanted (kidney, liver, lung) children, adolescents, and young adults and 18 healthy, matched controls were included, and their clinical and sensitization status assessed. Allergen-specific proliferation, intracellular cytokine production, frequency of forkhead box P3 (FOXP3)+ CD3+ CD4+ CD25(high) cells, mRNA expression of IL-10, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and FOXP3 (real-time RT-PCR) of peripheral blood mononuclear cells or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL)-derived cells, and the inhibitory capacity of T-reg cells were investigated. RESULTS Immunosuppression led to a significantly altered regulatory marker profile expressed by enhanced TGF-β mRNA production and a reduced frequency of FOXP3+ CD4+ CD3+ cells in solid organ transplanted individuals. FOXP3 expression in BAL cells of lung-transplanted patients was significantly decreased. Allergen-specific proliferation was not significantly altered despite long-term immunosuppression. However, suppression of allergen-specific responses via the T-regulatory cell fraction was deficient in immunosuppressed individuals. CONCLUSION The results suggest an insufficient control of allergen-specific responses via the Treg-cell compartment under systemic immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Eiwegger
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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25
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Hermanussen M, Godina E, Rühli F, Blaha P, Boldsen J, van Buuren S, MacIntyre M, Aßmann C, Ghosh A, de Stefano G, Sonkin V, Tresguerres J, Meigen C, Scheffler C, Geiger C, Lieberman L. Growth variation, final height and secular trend. Proceedings of the 17th Aschauer Soiree, 7th November 2009. HOMO 2010; 61:277-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchb.2010.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2010] [Accepted: 06/08/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Hansch C, Geiger C. Notes- Catalytic Synthesis of Heterocycles. XI. Dehydrocyclization of o-Ethylbenzeneselenol to Selenonaphthene. J Org Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jo01089a625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Geiger C, Ostermann PA, Ekkernkamp A. [Computer-assisted, robot-assisted hip prosthesis--standard procedure or specialty indication?]. Z Arztl Fortbild Qualitatssich 2001; 95:165-71. [PMID: 11398618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 150,000 total hip replacements annually are performed in Germany, with an increasing incidence of implants carried out on young subjects. Due to aseptic loosening, this group will undergo some revision arthroplasty after 15 years. Therefore, a permanent fixation appears mandatory. In case of posttraumatic or postoperative anatomical changes, exact preoperative planning by x-rays is extremely difficult. This might result in a higher rate of complications (e.g., displacement of the implanted prosthesis, fractures of the proximal femur), as documented by the available literature. The preoperative planning with CT images obtained at the 3D workstation shows the exact cortical situation, while the robot-assisted surgery allows the precise execution of the preoperative plan during surgery. By this point of time, long-term results of computer-guided, robot-assisted implantation of endoprosthesic devices are still lacking. However, the preliminary data indicate good results by means of anatomical position of the endoprosthesis and perioperative complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Geiger
- Klinik für Unfall- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin.
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Kautz AR, Schneider A, Weisshart K, Geiger C, Nasheuer HP. Different regions of primase subunit p48 control mouse polyomavirus and simian virus 40 DNA replication in vitro. J Virol 2001; 75:1751-60. [PMID: 11160673 PMCID: PMC114084 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.75.4.1751-1760.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA polymerase alpha-primase (pol-prim), a complex consisting of four subunits, is the major species-specific factor for mouse polyomavirus (PyV) and simian virus 40 (SV40) DNA replication. Although p48 is the most conserved subunit of pol-prim, it is required for in vitro PyV DNA replication but can inhibit cell-free SV40 DNA replication. Production of chimeric human-mouse p48 revealed that different regions of p48 are involved in supporting PyV DNA replication and inhibiting SV40 DNA replication. The N and C-terminal parts of p48 do not have species-specific functions in cell-free PyV DNA replication, but the central part (amino acids [aa] 129 to 320) controls PyV DNA replication in vitro. However, PyV T antigen physically binds to mouse, human, and chimeric pol-prim complexes independently, whether they support PyV DNA replication or not. In contrast to the PyV system, the inhibitory effects of mouse p48 on SV40 DNA replication are mediated by N- and C-terminal regions of p48. Thus, a chimeric p48 containing human aa 1 to 128, mouse aa 129 to 320, and human aa 321 to 418 is active in both PyV and SV40 DNA replication in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Kautz
- Abteilung Biochemie, Institut für Molekulare Biotechnologie e.V., D-07745 Jena, Germany
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Münzel T, Mollnau H, Hartmann M, Geiger C, Oelze M, Warnholtz A, Yehia AH, Förstermann U, Meinertz T. Effects of a nitrate-free interval on tolerance, vasoconstrictor sensitivity and vascular superoxide production. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000; 36:628-34. [PMID: 10933381 DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(00)00754-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In the present study, we tested whether a nitrate-free interval is able to prevent increases in vascular superoxide (O2*-) and the development of hypersensitivity to vasoconstrictors and whether this may result in restoration of vascular nitroglycerin (NTG) sensitivity. BACKGROUND Intermittent NTG-patch treatment (12 h patch on/patch-off) has been shown to increase ischemic periods in patients with stable coronary arteries, suggesting a rebound-like situation during the patch-off period. Recently, we demonstrated that long-term treatment with NTG induces tolerance, which was in part related to increases in vascular O2*- and increased vasoconstrictor sensitivity. METHODS New Zealand white rabbits received a continuous application of NTG patches (0.4 mg/h) or an intermittent application of NTG patches (12 h patch on, 12 h patch off) for three days. Isometric tension studies were performed with aortic rings, and vascular O2*- was estimated using lucigenin-derived chemiluminescence (5 micromol/liter). Expression of the copper/zinc (Cu/Zn) superoxide dismutase (SOD) was assessed by Western blotting, and SOD activity was measured by autooxidation of 6-hydroxydopamine. RESULTS Continuous treatment with NTG caused tolerance to NTG, cross-tolerance to the endothelium-dependent vasodilator acetylcholine, increased vascular O2*-, reduced Cu/Zn SOD expression and increased sensitivity to vasoconstrictors such as phenylephrine, serotonin and angiotensin II. On/off treatment with NTG improved tolerance, corrected endothelial dysfunction and decreased vascular O2*-. In addition the reduction in SOD expression was less pronounced, whereas increases in the sensitivity to vasoconstrictors such as phenylephrine and serotonin remained nearly unchanged. CONCLUSIONS Enhanced vasoconstrictor sensitivity may explain, at least in part, the rebound phenomena observed in patients during a 12-h NTG patch-off period.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Münzel
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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Geiger C, Nagel W, Boehm T, van Kooyk Y, Figdor CG, Kremmer E, Hogg N, Zeitlmann L, Dierks H, Weber KS, Kolanus W. Cytohesin-1 regulates beta-2 integrin-mediated adhesion through both ARF-GEF function and interaction with LFA-1. EMBO J 2000; 19:2525-36. [PMID: 10835351 PMCID: PMC212768 DOI: 10.1093/emboj/19.11.2525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular signaling pathways, which regulate the interactions of integrins with their ligands, affect a wide variety of biological functions. Here we provide evidence of how cytohesin-1, an integrin-binding protein and guanine-nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for ARF GTPases, regulates cell adhesion. Mutational analyses of the beta-2 cytoplasmic domain revealed that the adhesive function of LFA-1 depends on its interaction with cytohesin-1, unless the integrin is activated by exogenous divalent cations. Secondly, cytohesin-1 induces expression of an extracellular activation epitope of LFA-1, and the exchange factor function is not essential for this activity. In contrast, LFA-1-mediated cell adhesion and spreading on intercellular cell adhesion molecule 1 is strongly inhibited by a cytohesin-1 mutant, which fails to catalyze ARF GDP-GTP exchange in vitro. Thus, cytohesin-1 is involved in the activation of LFA-1, most probably through direct interaction with the integrin, and induces cell spreading by its ARF-GEF activity. We therefore propose that both direct regulation of the integrin and concomitant changes in the membrane topology of adherent T cells are modulated by dissectable functions of cytohesin-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Geiger
- Laboratorium für Molekulare Biologie, Genzentrum der Universität München, Germany
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Abstract
The cell adhesion molecule L1, a 200-220-kDa type I membrane glycoprotein of the Ig superfamily, mediates many neuronal processes. Originally studied in the nervous system, L1 is expressed by hematopoietic and many epithelial cells, suggesting a more expanded role. L1 supports homophilic L1-L1 and integrin-mediated cell binding and can also bind with high affinity to the neural proteoglycan neurocan; however, the binding site is unknown. We have dissected the L1 molecule and investigated the cell binding ability of Ig domains 1 and 6. We report that RGD sites in domain 6 support alpha5beta1- or alphavbeta3-mediated integrin binding and that both RGD sites are essential. Cooperation of RGD sites with neighboring domains are necessary for alpha(5)beta(1). A T cell hybridoma and activated T cells could bind to L1 in the absence of RGDs. This binding was supported by Ig domain 1 and mediated by cell surface-exposed neurocan. Lymphoid and brain-derived neurocan were structurally similar. We also present evidence that a fusion protein of the Ig 1-like domain of L1 can bind to recombinant neurocan. Our results support the notion that L1 provides distinct cell binding sites that may serve in cell-cell or cell-matrix interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Oleszewski
- Tumor Immunology Programme, G0100, German Cancer Research Center, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Abstract
The L1 adhesion molecule is an approx. 200–220 kDa type I membrane glycoprotein belonging to the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily. L1 can bind in a homotypic fashion and was shown to support integrin-mediated binding via RGDs in the 6th Ig-like domain. In addition to its cell-surface expression, L1 can occur in the extracellular matrix (ECM). Here we demonstrate that L1 is constitutively released from the cell surface by membrane-proximal cleavage. L1 shed from B16F10 melanoma cells remains intact and can serve as substrate for integrin-mediated cell adhesion and migration. The release of L1 occurs in mouse and human cells and is blocked by the metalloproteinase inhibitor TAPI (Immunex compound 3). This compound has been shown previously to block release of L-selectin and TNF-alpha which is mediated by the membrane-bound metalloproteinase TNF-alpha converting enzyme (TACE). Using CHO cells that are low in TACE expression and do not release L-selectin we demonstrate that L1 release is distinct from L-selectin shedding. We propose that cell-surface release may be necessary for the conversion of L1 from a membrane into an ECM protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Beer
- Tumor Immunology Programme, German Cancer Research Center, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Geiger C, Weber KJ, Wenz F. Radiation induced chromosome aberrations and clonogenic survival in human lymphoblastoid cell lines with different p53 status. Strahlenther Onkol 1999; 175:289-92. [PMID: 10392171 DOI: 10.1007/bf02743582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To better understand the relation of radiation induced chromosome aberrations and clonogenic survival in cells with different p53 status. MATERIALS AND METHODS The human lymphoblasts TK6 and WTK1 were derived from the same donor, but differ in radiosensitivity, p53 status and kinetics of apoptosis. TK6 cells have wild type p53 (p53wt), whereas WTK1 cells have a mutated, non-functional p53 (p53mut). Additionally, a HPV16 E6 transfected TK6 cell line (TK6E6), which is also negative for p53 function (p53neg), was studied. The cells were irradiated, incubated with colcemid, hypotonically lysed and fixed. After staining with Giemsa, asymmetric chromosomal exchange type aberrations were counted in 50 mitoses each per dose point (0 to 4 Gy). Clonogenic survival was determined using the microtiter plate assay. All experiments were performed in triplicate. RESULTS WTK1 (p53mut) show a higher spontaneous frequency of chromosome aberrations than TK6 (p53wt). No significant differences were noted in radiation induced aberration frequency. TK6E6 (p53neg) show comparable aberration frequencies like TK6. However, the dose required to reduce survival to 10% (D10) was about 2 Gy for TK6 and TK6E6, whereas the D10 for WTK1 was approximately 3 Gy. CONCLUSION The p53 status influences the radiosensitivity in this lymphoblast cell system showing a high rate of radiation induced apoptosis. Cells with p53mut (WTK1), survive with a damaged genome, because they do not undergo apoptosis to loose their clonogenicity. There was no difference between the p53wt (TK6) and p53neg cells (TK6E6) suggesting a suppression of radiation induced apoptosis by p53mut.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Geiger
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany
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Nagel W, Zeitlmann L, Schilcher P, Geiger C, Kolanus J, Kolanus W. Phosphoinositide 3-OH kinase activates the beta2 integrin adhesion pathway and induces membrane recruitment of cytohesin-1. J Biol Chem 1998; 273:14853-61. [PMID: 9614087 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.24.14853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transduction through phosphoinositide 3-OH kinase (PI 3-kinase) has been implicated in the regulation of lymphocyte adhesion mediated by integrin receptors. Cellular phosphorylation products of PI 3-kinases interact with a subset of pleckstrin homology (PH) domains, a module that has been shown to recruit proteins to cellular membranes. We have recently identified cytohesin-1, a cytoplasmic regulator of beta2 integrin adhesion to intercellular adhesion molecule 1. We describe here that expression of a constitutively active PI 3-kinase is sufficient for the activation of Jurkat cell adhesion to intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and for enhanced membrane association of cytohesin-1. Up-regulation of cell adhesion by PI 3-kinase and membrane association of endogenous cytohesin-1 is abrogated by overexpression of the isolated cytohesin-1 PH domain, but not by a mutant of the PH domain which fails to associate with the plasma membrane. The PH domain of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk), although strongly associated with the plasma membrane, had no effect on either membrane recruitment of cytohesin-1 or on induction of adhesion by PI 3-kinase. Having delineated the critical steps of the beta2 integrin activation pathway by biochemical and functional analyses, we conclude that PI 3-kinase activates inside-out signaling of beta2 integrins at least partially through cytohesin-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Nagel
- Laboratorium für Molekulare Biologie, Genzentrum der Universität München, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 25, 81377 München, Germany
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Ebeling O, Duczmal A, Aigner S, Geiger C, Schöllhammer S, Kemshead JT, Möller P, Schwartz-Albiez R, Altevogt P. L1 adhesion molecule on human lymphocytes and monocytes: expression and involvement in binding to alpha v beta 3 integrin. Eur J Immunol 1996; 26:2508-16. [PMID: 8898967 DOI: 10.1002/eji.1830261035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The L1 adhesion molecule is a member of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily initially identified in the nervous system which contains six Ig-like domains. Besides the known L1-L1 homotypic interaction, L1 was recently shown to bind to very late antigen (VLA)-5 in the mouse and alpha v beta 3 in the human. The sixth Ig domain is critical for this function. We now demonstrate that human CD4+ peripheral blood T lymphocytes, monocytes and B lymphocytes, but not CD8+ T lymphocytes, express L1. When compared to the expression of CD31, another ligand for alpha v beta 3 on T lymphocytes, only a small proportion of cells were CD31+L1+ double positive. L1 was also detected on the surface of human monocytic and lymphoid tumor lines and was shown to have a molecular mass of approximately 220 kDa, similar to the molecule present on neuroblastoma cells. The function of the sixth Ig domain of human L1 as an integrin ligand was also investigated. Using an RGD-containing peptide derived from the sixth Ig domain as well as a fusion protein of the sixth Ig domain of L1 and the Fc portion of human IgG1 (6.L1-Fc), we demonstrated the binding of human MED-B1 (alpha v beta 3hi, alpha 5 beta 1lo) tumor cells and this binding was blocked by alpha v-specific mAb. In contrast, human Nalm-6 cells (alpha v beta 3lo, alpha 5 beta 1hi) did not bind to the 6.L1-Fc fusion protein. MED-B1 cells could also be stained with the 6.L1-Fc fusion protein. Our results suggest that human L1 binds predominantly to alpha v beta 3 and that its presence on leukocytes could be important for adhesion and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Ebeling
- Tumor Immunology Programme, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- C Geiger
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie, Schänzlestr. 1, D-79104 Freiburg/B, Federal Republic of Germany
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Gitlin LN, Levine R, Geiger C. Adaptive device use by older adults with mixed disabilities. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1993; 74:149-52. [PMID: 8431098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A key strategy in rehabilitation with the elderly is the selection and training in the use of adaptive devices to improve the ability to perform self-care and other activities of daily living. Two descriptive pilot studies were conducted to determine home use of equipment from the perspective of older adults with mixed disabilities and home care therapists. The first study examined home equipment use over a three-month period by 13 elderly patients discharged from a hospital rehabilitation unit. The second study surveyed 31 home therapists to evaluate their perceptions of device use by their elderly clients. The findings indicate that older adults and home care therapists share similar perspectives as to why devices are not frequently used. Home care therapists perceived that additional training in a person's home may increase safety, maximize functional performance, and reduce some caregiver responsibilities. The implications of these findings for service delivery are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- L N Gitlin
- Thomas Jefferson University, Center for Collaborative Research, Philadelphia, PA 19107
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Abstract
A patient with metastatic prostate cancer is described where treatment with Adriamycin (doxorubicin) and estramustine produced severe hypophosphatemia (serum phosphate level, 1.2 mg/dl), which was reversible when treatment was discontinued. Previous studies have shown no effect of Adriamycin on serum phosphate levels. A retrospective study of serial serum chemistry values was done in 15 patients treated with estramustine. A significant fall in the serum phosphate level (mean, 0.8 +/- 0.3 mg/dl) was observed during the first 6 weeks of treatment. When compared with similar patients treated with bilateral orchiectomy, estramustine-treated patients had lower levels of serum calcium, fractional excretion of calcium, serum phosphate, and renal tubular threshold for phosphate reabsorption (TmPO4/GFR). Qualitatively similar but quantitatively smaller effects were also seen in a group of patients treated with diethylstilbestrol (DES) in a dose of 1 to 3 mg daily. Estramustine appears to have significant effects on bone mineral metabolism, particularly on renal phosphate handling resulting in significant hypophosphatemia. This is probably due to an estrogenic effect.
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Kunau RT, Geiger C, Hull J, Wong-Garcia RM. Effect of intraluminal PGE2 and systemic indomethacin on sodium chloride transport in the rat distal tubule. Ren Physiol 1983; 6:105-11. [PMID: 6867463 DOI: 10.1159/000172888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The present studies examined the effect of intraluminal PGE<sub>2</sub> and systemic indomethacin on sodium chloride transport in the superficial distal tubule of the rat nephron. Controlled quantities of sodium chloride delivery to this segment were provided by in vivo microperfusion techniques. Neither <i>2</i>µ<i>M </i>intraluminal PGE<sub>2</sub>, 2 mg/kg body weight indomethacin given intravenously nor the combination of these agents affected sodium chloride transport in this nephron segment.
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Geiger C, Sauer R. [Cervical-lymph node metastasis of unknown primary tumour (author's transl)]. Laryngol Rhinol Otol (Stuttg) 1978; 57:844-50. [PMID: 745489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutical results of 39 patients with cervical lymph node metastasis of unknown primary tumour are presented. 34 patients received radiotherapy, 2 chemotherapy, and in 2 cases the metastasis was only excised. In 22 patients the radiotherapy consisted of homogenic irradiation of the neck, in 12 patients the area of tumour manifestation was irradiated with a dosis ranging from 4000 to 6000 rad. The cumulative survival rate of all the patients was 64% after one year and 30% after 4 years. Ninety one per cent of the patients who were without symptoms after the therapy, survived this time interval. All patients without therapeutical success died. The median survival time of all patients was 20 months. In 21 patients the primary tumour was found later. In 13 cases (62%) the tumour was located in the head and neck region. In 7 patients the histology of the tumour had to be changed.
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Abstract
One year after de-endothelialization of rabbit aorta by a balloon catheter, the damaged areas show arteriosclerotic thickening. In the study described here, aortae from six rabbits were examined 2 years after the single injury. Three had advanced atherosclerotic lesions. All the animals had been fed standard rabbit chow, and the five tested did not have hypercholesterolemia when they were sacrificed. Apparently vascular injury alone is sufficient basis for development of atherosclerotic disease in the rabbit.
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Anderson KM, Lachowiez R, Saclarides T, Bass B, Geiger C, Marogil M, Shirley M. Use of a Chinese hamster ovary cell line with a temperature sensitive defect in cytoplasmic protein synthesis to examine protein synthesis associated with cell nuclei. Int J Biochem 1978; 9:697-9. [PMID: 710698 DOI: 10.1016/0020-711x(78)90098-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Geiger C, Vischer TL. Migration inhibition factor-like activity in inflammatory synovial fluids might be due to proteases. Clin Exp Immunol 1976; 26:176-80. [PMID: 793749 PMCID: PMC1540815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Using an assay of macrophage migration, where the cells emigrate from an agarose droplet, it was found that the neutral proteases trypsin, chymotrypsin, Pronase and elastase have MIF-like activity. Appropriate enzyme inhibitors counteract this effect. To twelve synovial fluids from patients with inflammatory arthritis, which have MIF-like activity (migration index between 0-3 and 0-7) protease indhibitors (Trasylol, ovomucoid and soybean inhibitor) were added. Ten of the fluids lost some of their MIF-like activity with at least one inhibitor. Phenylmethylsulphonylfluoride counteracted totally the MIF-like activity of the two fluids tested. It is concluded that MIF-like activity of inflammatory synovial fluids is due, at least partially, to proteases.
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Inch WR, McCredie JA, Geiger C, Boctor Y. Spin-lattice relaxation times for mixtures of water and gelatin or cotton, compared with normal and malignant tissue. J Natl Cancer Inst 1974; 53:689-90. [PMID: 4415862 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/53.3.689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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Nagel GA, Geiger C. [Cancer and immunity]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 1971; 101:1605-20. [PMID: 4947152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Geiger C. [The influence of vitamin A deficiency and overdose on the ovaries of pubescent rats]. Arch Gynakol 1968; 206:411-30. [PMID: 5756855 DOI: 10.1007/bf00668070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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