1
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Meng LQ, Wang JS, You XX, Zhong RL, Gao FW, Su ZM. The Difference in Ir-Catalyzed C(sp 2)-H and C(sp 3)-H Bond Activation Assisted by a Directing Group: Cyclometalation via Cis- or Trans-Chelation? Inorg Chem 2024. [PMID: 39233663 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c02432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Iridium-catalyzed C-H borylation of aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons assisted by a directing group was theoretically investigated. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed both Ir-catalyzed C(sp2)-H and C(sp3)-H borylations via an IrIII/IrV catalytic cycle, where the tetra-coordinated (C, N)IrIII(Bpin)2 complex with two vacant sites is an active species. Dramatically, the orientation of cyclometalation for C(sp2)-H bond activation assisted by a directing group is different from the C(sp3)-H one. The activation energy (ΔG°‡ = 28.5 kcal mol-1) of the C(sp2)-H bond via trans-chelation to form cyclometalation is lower than that (41.4 kcal mol-1) via cis-chelation. In contrast, the ΔG°‡ (26.6 kcal mol-1) of the C(sp3)-H bond via cis-chelation to form cyclometalation is lower than that (34.3 kcal mol-1) via trans-chelation. In addition, the rate-determining step of Ir-catalyzed C(sp2)-H borylation is oxidative addition of the C(sp2)-H bond, while that of C(sp3)-H analogues is hydride migration. Such differences arise from not only the differences in the steric hindrance of the C(sp2) and secondary C(sp3) atoms but also the differences in the trans effect and steric effect of the two vacant sites of active species. These findings were expected to facilitate further studies on the design and synthesis of innovative ligands for Ir-catalyzed C-H borylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Qi Meng
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Jian-Sen Wang
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xiao-Xia You
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Rong-Lin Zhong
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Feng-Wei Gao
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Zhong-Min Su
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130012, China
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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2
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Saida AB, Mahaut D, Tumanov N, Wouters J, Champagne B, Vanthuyne N, Robiette R, Berionni G. Reactivity and Steric Parameters from 2D to 3D Bulky Pyridines: Increasing Steric Demand at Nitrogen with Chiral Azatriptycenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202407503. [PMID: 38781114 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202407503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Sterically hindered pyridines embedded in a three-dimensional triptycene framework have been synthesized, and their resolution by chiral HPLC enabled access to unprecedented enantiopure pyridines exceeding the known steric limits. The design principles for new axially chiral pyridine derivatives are then described. To rationalize their associations with Lewis acids and transition metals, a comprehensive determination of the steric and electronic parameters for this new class of pyridines was performed. This led to the general parameterization of the steric parameters (percent buried volume %VBur, Tolman cone angle θ, and He8_steric descriptor) for a large set of two- and three-dimensional pyridine derivatives. These parameters are shown to describe quantitatively their interactions with carbon- and boron-centered Lewis acids and were used to predict the ΔG° of association with the prototypical B(C6F5)3 Lewis acid widely used in frustrated Lewis pair catalysis. This first parameterization of pyridine sterics is a fundamental basis for the future development of predictive reactivity models and for guiding new applications of bulky and chiral pyridines in organocatalysis, frustrated Lewis pairs, and transition-metal catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ben Saida
- Department of Chemistry and Namur Institute of Structured Matter, Université de Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, 5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Damien Mahaut
- Department of Chemistry and Namur Institute of Structured Matter, Université de Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, 5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Nikolay Tumanov
- Department of Chemistry and Namur Institute of Structured Matter, Université de Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, 5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Johan Wouters
- Department of Chemistry and Namur Institute of Structured Matter, Université de Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, 5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Benoît Champagne
- Department of Chemistry and Namur Institute of Structured Matter, Université de Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, 5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Vanthuyne
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - Raphaël Robiette
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Louis Pasteur 1 Box L4.01.02, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Guillaume Berionni
- Department of Chemistry and Namur Institute of Structured Matter, Université de Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, 5000, Namur, Belgium
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3
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Zhang S, Ouyang Y, Gao Y, Li P. Design and Application of New Pyridine-Derived Chiral Ligands in Asymmetric Catalysis. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:957-970. [PMID: 38446135 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
ConspectusThe innovation of chiral ligands has been crucial for the asymmetric synthesis of functional molecules, as demonstrated by several types of widely applied "privileged" ligands. In this context, chiral pyridine-derived ligands, by far some of the oldest and most widely utilized ligands in catalysis, have attracted considerable research interest in the past half-century. However, the development of broadly applicable chiral pyridine units (CPUs) has been plagued by several intertwining challenges, thus delaying advancements in many asymmetric reactions.This Account aims to summarize the recent progress in new CPU-containing ligands, focusing on a rationally designed, modular, and tunable CPU developed in our laboratory. A significant problem thwarting conventional designs is the paradox between broad reactivity and stereoselectivity; that is, while enhanced stereoselectivity may be achieved by introducing chiral elements close to the N atom, the concomitant increase in local steric hindrance often limits catalytic activity and scope. Our newly developed CPU features a rigid [6-5-3] fused-ring framework and a tunable spirocyclic ketal side wall. The well-defined three-dimensional structure minimizes local (inner layer) steric hindrance and tunes the peripheral environment (outer layer) by remote substituents, thus securing reactivity and stereoselectivity. Different chelating ligands were readily assembled using this chiral structural module, with applications in mechanistically diverse transition-metal-catalyzed reactions. Thus, a series of chiral 2,2'-bipyridine ligands were successfully employed in the development of a general, efficient, and highly enantioselective nickel-catalyzed intermolecular reductive addition, Ullmann coupling of ortho-chlorinated aryl aldehydes, and carboxylation of benzylic (pseudo)halides with CO2. Notably, these chiral 2,2'-bipyridine ligands exhibited superior catalytic activity in the reactions compared to common N-based ligands. In addition, highly enantioselective iridium-catalyzed C-H borylation was developed using a CPU-containing N,B-bidentate ligand. Furthermore, mechanistically challenging, additive-free, and broad-scope transfer hydrogenative direct asymmetric reductive amination was achieved using a half-sandwich iridium catalyst supported by a chiral N,C-bidentate ligand. The new ligands demonstrated excellent performance in securing high catalytic activity and stereoselectivity, which, when combined with experimental and computational mechanistic investigations, supported the "double-layer control" design concept.Considering the broad applications of pyridine-derived ligands, the research progress described herein should inspire the creation of novel chiral catalysts and drive the development of many catalytic asymmetric reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Yizhao Ouyang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
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4
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Yang Y, Chen J, Shi Y, Liu P, Feng Y, Peng Q, Xu S. Catalytic Enantioselective Primary C-H Borylation for Acyclic All-Carbon Quaternary Stereocenters. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:1635-1643. [PMID: 38182551 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Creating a perfect catalyst to operate enzyme-like chiral recognition has been a long-sought aim. A challenging example in this context is constructing acyclic all-carbon quaternary stereogenic centers by transition metal-catalyzed enantioselective C-H activation. We now report highly enantioselective iridium-catalyzed primary C-H borylation of α-all-carbon substituted 2,2-dimethyl amides enabled by a tailor-made chiral bidentate boryl ligand (CBL). The success of the current transformation is attributed to the CBL/iridium catalyst, which has a confined chiral pocket. This protocol provides a diverse array of acyclic all-carbon quaternary stereocenters with excellent enantiocontrol and distinct structural features. Computational study reveals that steric hindrance of CBL could regulate the type of dominant orbital interaction between the catalyst and substrate, which is crucial to conferring high chiral induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jingyao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yongjia Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Peizhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yuxiang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Senmiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
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5
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Zhao H, Zhao CY, Chen L, Xia C, Hong X, Xu S. Aryl Chloride-Directed Enantioselective C(sp 2)-H Borylation Enabled by Iridium Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:25214-25221. [PMID: 37934914 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
We herein report the iridium-catalyzed enantioselective C-H borylation of aryl chlorides. A variety of prochiral biaryl compounds could be well-tolerated, affording a vast array of axially chiral biaryls with high enantioselectivities. The current method exhibits a high turnover number (TON) of 7000, which represents the highest in functional-group-directed asymmetric C-H activation. The high TON was attributed to a weak catalyst-substrate interaction that was caused by mismatched chirality between catalyst and substrate. We also demonstrated the synthetic application of the current method by C-B, ortho-C-H, and C-Cl bond functionalization, including programmed Suzuki-Miyaura coupling for the synthesis of axially chiral polyarenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chao-Yue Zhao
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Agricultural Germplasm Resources Mining and Environmental Regulation, College of Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315300, China
| | - Lili Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chungu Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xin Hong
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Senmiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
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6
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O'Connell AC, Mansour PA, Maleczka RE, Smith MR. Regiochemical Switching in Ir-Catalyzed C-H Borylation by Altering Ligand Loadings of N,B-Type Diboron Species. Org Lett 2023; 25:8057-8061. [PMID: 37939287 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Traditional reaction conditions in Ir-catalyzed C-H borylation consist of a 2:1 ligand to Ir metal ratio, affording C(sp2)-H borylation at the least sterically hindered position. We found that lowering the ligand to metal ratio of a N,B-type diboron (BB) preligand in respect to the IrI precatalyst to 0.5:1 affords the chelate controlled ortho product. Switching from steric-directed to chelate-directed products is shown for various substituted arenes and (hetero)arenes containing Lewis-basic functionalities. This work offers the first example of obtaining complementary regioisomers as the major product by altering the ligand loading in CHB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex C O'Connell
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing 48824-1322, Michigan United States
| | - Pauline A Mansour
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing 48824-1322, Michigan United States
| | - Robert E Maleczka
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing 48824-1322, Michigan United States
| | - Milton R Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing 48824-1322, Michigan United States
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7
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Ermanis K, Gibson DC, Genov GR, Phipps RJ. Interrogating the Crucial Interactions at Play in the Chiral Cation-Directed Enantioselective Borylation of Arenes. ACS Catal 2023; 13:13043-13055. [PMID: 37822864 PMCID: PMC10563137 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c03384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Rendering a common ligand scaffold anionic and then pairing it with a chiral cation represents an alternative strategy for developing enantioselective versions of challenging transformations, as has been recently demonstrated in the enantioselective borylation of arenes using a quinine-derived chiral cation. A significant barrier to the further generalization of this approach is the lack of understanding of the specific interactions involved between the cation, ligand, and substrate, given the complexity of the system. We have embarked on a detailed computational study probing the mechanism, the key noncovalent interactions involved, and potential origin of selectivity for the desymmetrizing borylation of two distinct classes of substrate. We describe a deconstructive, stepwise approach to tackling this complex challenge, which involves building up a detailed understanding of the pairwise components of the nominally three component system before combining together into the full 263-atom reactive complex. This approach has revealed substantial differences in the noncovalent interactions occurring at the stereodetermining transition state for C-H oxidative addition to iridium for the two substrate classes. Each substrate engages in a unique mixture of diverse interactions, a testament to the rich and privileged structure of the cinchona alkaloid-derived chiral cations. Throughout the study, experimental support is provided, and this culminates in the discovery that prochiral phosphine oxide substrates, lacking hydrogen bond donor functionality, can also give very encouraging levels of enantioselectivity, potentially through direct interactions with the chiral cation. We envisage that the findings in this study will spur further developments in using chiral cations as controllers in asymmetric transition-metal catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristaps Ermanis
- School
of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United
Kingdom
| | - David C. Gibson
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Georgi R. Genov
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Robert J. Phipps
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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8
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Li J, Cao C, Wu H, Dong K. Nickel/Titanocene-Catalyzed Electrophilic Acylation Coupling of Styrene Oxides. Org Lett 2023; 25:6959-6963. [PMID: 37726896 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
The cross-coupling of epoxides with acyl chlorides or anhydrides by a nickel/titanocene dual catalytic system is established. A variety of synthetically useful β-hydroxy ketones were obtained in good to high yields by using modified pyridine-oxazoline ligand. The reaction proceeds via the cooperation of titanocene-catalyzed ring-opening of epoxides and nickel-catalyzed acylation of the benzylic radical intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jincan Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Chang Cao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Haihong Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Kaiwu Dong
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
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9
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Islam MB, Islam MI, Nath N, Emran TB, Rahman MR, Sharma R, Matin MM. Recent Advances in Pyridine Scaffold: Focus on Chemistry, Synthesis, and Antibacterial Activities. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:9967591. [PMID: 37250749 PMCID: PMC10212683 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9967591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens have created a fatal problem for human health and antimicrobial treatment. Among the currently available antibiotics, many are inactive against MDR pathogens. In this context, heterocyclic compounds/drugs play a vital role. Thus, it is very much essential to explore new research to combat the issue. Of the available nitrogen-bearing heterocyclic compounds/drugs, pyridine derivatives are of special interest due to their solubility. Encouragingly, some of the newly synthesized pyridine compounds/drugs are found to inhibit multidrug-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Pyridine scaffold bearing poor basicity generally improves water solubility in pharmaceutically potential molecules and has led to the discovery of numerous broad-spectrum therapeutic agents. Keeping these in mind, we have reviewed the chemistry, recent synthetic techniques, and bacterial preventative activity of pyridine derivatives since 2015. This will facilitate the development of pyridine-based novel antibiotic/drug design in the near future as a versatile scaffold with limited side effects for the next-generation therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Badrul Islam
- Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Chittagong, Hathazari, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Inshaful Islam
- Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Chittagong, Hathazari, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Nikhil Nath
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Rezaur Rahman
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy Sustainability, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Jalan Datuk Mohammad Musa, Kota Samarahan 94300, Malaysia
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohammed Mahbubul Matin
- Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Chittagong, Hathazari, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
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10
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Zhang RL, Liu B, Qiu KX, Li HT, Zhang HN, Shen BC, Sun ZW. Asymmetric Synthesis of Triphenylmethanes via Organocatalytic Regio- and Enantioselective Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Aniline Derivatives. Org Lett 2023; 25:1711-1716. [PMID: 36892283 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we described a highly regio- and enantioselective Friedel-Crafts alkylation of aniline derivatives with in situ generated ortho-quinone methides enabled by chiral phosphoric acid, furnishing a wide range of enantioenriched triarylmethanes bearing three similar benzene rings in high yields (up to 98%) with excellent stereoselectivities (up to 98% ee). Furthermore, the large-scale reactions and diversified transformations of product demonstrate the practicality of the protocol. Density functional theory calculations elucidate the origin of the enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Lin Zhang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
| | - Bo Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
| | | | - Hong-Tao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Nan Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
| | - Bao-Chun Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Wen Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P. R. China
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11
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Song SY, Zhou X, Ke Z, Xu S. Synthesis of Chiral Sulfoximines via Iridium-Catalyzed Regio- and Enantioselective C-H Borylation: A Remarkable Sidearm Effect of Ligand. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217130. [PMID: 36511841 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal-catalyzed enantioselective C-H activation of prochiral sulfoximines for non-annulated products remains a formidable challenge. We herein report iridium-catalyzed enantioselective C-H borylation of N-silyl diaryl sulfoximines using a well-designed chiral bidentate boryl ligand with a bulky side arm. This method is capable of accommodating a broad range of substrates under mild reaction conditions, affording a vast array of chiral sulfoximines with high enantioselectivities. We also demonstrated the synthetic utility on a preparative-scale C-H borylation for diverse downstream transformations, including the synthesis of chiral version of bioactive molecules. Computational studies showed that the bulky side arm of the ligand confers high regio- and enantioselectivity through steric effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Yong Song
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhou
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, PCFM Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Zhuofeng Ke
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, PCFM Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Senmiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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12
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Wang L, Li T, Perveen S, Zhang S, Wang X, Ouyang Y, Li P. Nickel-Catalyzed Enantioconvergent Carboxylation Enabled by a Chiral 2,2'-Bipyridine Ligand. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202213943. [PMID: 36300599 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202213943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to previous approaches to chiral α-aryl carboxylic acids that based on reactions using hazardous gases, pressurized setup and mostly noble metal catalysts, in this work, a nickel-catalyzed general, efficient and highly enantioselective carboxylation reaction of racemic benzylic (pseudo)halides under mild conditions using atmospheric CO2 has been developed. A unique chiral 2,2'-bipyridine ligand named Me-SBpy featuring compact polycyclic skeleton enabled both high reactivity and stereoselectivity. The utility of this method has been demonstrated by synthesis of various chiral α-aryl carboxylic acids (30 examples, up to 95 % yield and 99 : 1 er), including profen family anti-inflammatory drugs and transformations using the acids as key intermediates. Based on mechanistic experimental results, a plausible catalytic cycle involving Ni-complex/radical equilibrium and Lewis acid-assisted CO2 activation has been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghua Wang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China
| | - Tao Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China
| | - Saima Perveen
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China
| | - Xicheng Wang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China
| | - Yizhao Ouyang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China.,School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China.,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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13
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Perveen S, Zhang S, Wang L, Song P, Ouyang Y, Jiao J, Duan X, Li P. Synthesis of Axially Chiral Biaryls via Enantioselective Ullmann Coupling of
ortho
‐Chlorinated Aryl Aldehydes Enabled by a Chiral 2,2′‐Bipyridine Ligand. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202212108. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saima Perveen
- School of Chemistry Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710054 China
| | - Linghua Wang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710054 China
| | - Peidong Song
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710054 China
| | - Yizhao Ouyang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710054 China
| | - Jiao Jiao
- School of Chemistry Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 China
| | - Xin‐Hua Duan
- School of Chemistry Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 China
| | - Pengfei Li
- School of Chemistry Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 China
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710054 China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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14
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Wang H, Li H, Chen X, Zhou C, Li S, Yang YF, Li G. Asymmetric Remote meta-C–H Activation Controlled by a Chiral Ligand. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huiling Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Xiahe Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Chunlin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Shangda Li
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Yun-Fang Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Gang Li
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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15
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Novel Copper(II) Complexes with Dipinodiazafluorene Ligands: Synthesis, Structure, Magnetic and Catalytic Properties. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134072. [PMID: 35807331 PMCID: PMC9268630 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The reactions of CuX2 (X = Cl, Br) with dipinodiazafluorenes yielded four new complexes [CuX2L1]2 (X = Cl (1), Br (2), L1 = (1R,3R,8R,10R)-2,2,9,9-Tetramethyl-3,4,7,8,9,10-hexahydro-1H-1,3:8,10-dimethanocyclopenta [1,2-b:5,4-b’]diquinolin-12(2H)-one) and [(CuX2)2L2]n (X = Cl (3), Br (4), L2 = (1R,3R,8R,10R,1’R,3’R,8’R,10’R)-2,2,2’,2’,9,9,9’,9’-Octamethyl-1,1’,2,2’,3,3’,4,4’,7,7’,8,8’,9,9’,10,10’-hexadecahydro-1,3:1’,3’:8,10:8’,10’-tetramethano-12,12’-bi(cyclopenta [1,2-b:5,4-b’]diquinolinylidene). The complexes were characterized by IR and EPR spectroscopy, HR-ESI-MS and elemental analysis. The crystal structures of compounds 1, 2 and 4 were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Complexes 1–2 have a monomeric structure, while complex 4 has a polymeric structure due to additional coordinating N,N sites in L2. All complexes contain a binuclear fragment {Cu2(μ-X)2×2} (X = Cl, Br) in their structures. Each copper atom has a distorted square-pyramidal coordination environment formed by two nitrogen atoms and three halogen atoms. The Cu-Nax distance is elongated compared to Cu-Neq. The EPR spectra of compounds 1–4 in CH3CN confirm their paramagnetic nature due to the d9 electronic configuration of the copper(II) ion. The magnetic properties of all compounds were studied by the method of static magnetic susceptibility. For complexes 1 and 2, the effective magnetic moments are µeff ≈ 1.87 and 1.83 µB (per each Cu2+ ion), respectively, in the temperature range 50–300 K, which are close to the theoretical spin value (1.73 µB). Ferromagnetic exchange interactions between Cu(II) ions inside {Cu2(μ-X)2X2} (X = Cl, Br) dimers (J/kB ≈ 25 and 31 K for 1 and 2, respectively) or between dimers (θ′ ≈ 0.30 and 0.47 K for 1 and 2, respectively) were found at low temperatures. For compounds 3 and 4, the magnetic susceptibility is well described by the Curie–Weiss law in the temperature range 1.77–300 K with µeff ≈ 1.72 and 1.70 µB for 3 and 4, respectively, and weak antiferromagnetic interactions (θ ≈ −0.4 K for 3 and −0.65 K for 4). Complexes 1–4 exhibit high catalytic activity in the oxidation of alkanes and alcohols with peroxides. The maximum yield of cyclohexane oxidation products reached 50% (complex 3). Based on the data on the study of regio- and bond-selectivity, it was concluded that hydroxyl radicals play a decisive role in the oxidation reaction. The initial products in reactions with alkanes are alkyl hydroperoxides.
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16
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Komuro T, Mochizuki D, Hashimoto H, Tobita H. Iridium and rhodium complexes bearing a silyl-bipyridine pincer ligand: synthesis, structures and catalytic activity for C-H borylation of arenes. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:9983-9987. [PMID: 35735002 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01227h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Unsaturated 16-electron iridium and rhodium complexes bearing a silyl-bipyridine-based SiNN-pincer ligand (BpySiNN) were synthesised and characterised by X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy. The iridium-BpySiNN complex facilitated the catalytic C(sp2)-H borylation of arenes to give arylboronate esters in high yields (≥93%) under mild conditions (∼40 °C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Komuro
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
| | - Daiki Mochizuki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
| | - Hisako Hashimoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
| | - Hiromi Tobita
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
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17
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Ghosh S, Ghosh A, Pyne P, Hajra A. Asymmetric C(sp 3)-H borylation: an update. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:4496-4511. [PMID: 35612438 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00688j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chiral organoboronates have emerged as a key intermediate in the development of pharmaceuticals and materials science. Therefore, several attempts have been made to design various synthetic methods to easily furnish these compounds during the past few decades. Inter alia, asymmetric catalysis has been increasing rapidly as a viable, practical and beneficial strategy for their preparation. In this respect, recent years have witnessed significant progress in aliphatic C-H borylation as the generated carbon-boron bonds are largely utilized to produce other carbon-carbon, carbon-nitrogen and carbon-oxygen bonds. This review presents a detailed overview and analysis of transition metal-catalyzed asymmetric C(sp3)-H borylation strategies. Overall, it assembles all the recent developments in this particular synthetic avenue up to March 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (A Central University), Santiniketan 731235, India.
| | - Anogh Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (A Central University), Santiniketan 731235, India.
| | - Pranjal Pyne
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (A Central University), Santiniketan 731235, India.
| | - Alakananda Hajra
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (A Central University), Santiniketan 731235, India.
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18
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Bisht R, Haldar C, Hassan MMM, Hoque ME, Chaturvedi J, Chattopadhyay B. Metal-catalysed C-H bond activation and borylation. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:5042-5100. [PMID: 35635434 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs01012c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal-catalysed direct borylation of hydrocarbons via C-H bond activation has received a remarkable level of attention as a popular reaction in the synthesis of organoboron compounds owing to their synthetic versatility. While controlling the site-selectivity was one of the most challenging issues in these C-H borylation reactions, enormous efforts of several research groups proved instrumental in dealing with selectivity issues that presently reached an impressive level for both proximal and distal C-H bond borylation reactions. For example, in the case of ortho C-H bond borylation reactions, innovative methodologies have been developed either by the modification of the directing groups attached with the substrates or by creating new catalytic systems via the design of new ligand frameworks. Whereas meta and para selective C-H borylations remained a formidable challenge, numerous innovative concepts have been developed within a very short period of time by the development of new catalytic systems with the employment of various noncovalent interactions. Moreover, significant advancements have occurred for aliphatic C(sp3)-H borylations as well as enantioselective borylations. In this review article, we aim to discuss and summarize the different approaches and findings related to the development of directed proximal ortho, distal meta/para, aliphatic (racemic and enantioselective) borylation reactions since 2014. Additionally, considering the C-H borylation reaction as one of the most important mainstream reactions, various applications of this C-H borylation reaction toward the synthesis of natural products, therapeutics, and applications in materials chemistry will be summarized in the last part of this review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjana Bisht
- Center of Bio-Medical Research, Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Chabush Haldar
- Center of Bio-Medical Research, Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Mirja Md Mahamudul Hassan
- Center of Bio-Medical Research, Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Md Emdadul Hoque
- Center of Bio-Medical Research, Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Jagriti Chaturvedi
- Center of Bio-Medical Research, Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Buddhadeb Chattopadhyay
- Center of Bio-Medical Research, Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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19
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Zhang S, Perveen S, Ouyang Y, Xu L, Yu T, Zhao M, Wang L, Song P, Li P. Design and Synthesis of Tunable Chiral 2,2'-Bipyridine Ligands: Application to the Enantioselective Nickel-Catalyzed Reductive Arylation of Aldehydes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117843. [PMID: 35174597 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A new class of chiral 2,2'-bipyridine ligands, SBpy, featuring minimized short-range steric hindrance and structural tunability was rationally designed and developed, and the effectiveness was demonstrated in the first highly enantioselective Ni-catalyzed addition of aryl halides to aldehydes. In comparison with known approaches using preformed aryl metallic reagents, this reaction is more step-economical and functional group tolerant. The reaction mechanism and a model of stereocontrol were proposed based on experimental and computational results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China
| | - Saima Perveen
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Yizhao Ouyang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China
| | - Liang Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China
| | - Linghua Wang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China
| | - Peidong Song
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China.,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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20
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Ding Z, Liu Z, Wang Z, Yu T, Xu M, Wen J, Yang K, Zhang H, Xu L, Li P. Catalysis with Diboron(4)/Pyridine: Application to the Broad-Scope [3 + 2] Cycloaddition of Cyclopropanes and Alkenes. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:8870-8882. [PMID: 35532758 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to the extensive but non-recyclable use of tetraalkoxydiboron(4) compounds as stoichiometric reagents in diverse reactions, this article reports an atom-economical reaction using a commercial diboron(4) as the catalyst. The key to success was designing a catalytic cycle for radical [3 + 2] cycloaddition involving a pyridine cocatalyst to generate from the diboron(4) catalyst and reversibly mediate the transfer of boronyl radicals. In comparison with known [3 + 2] cycloaddition with transition metal-based catalysts, the current reaction features not only metal-free conditions, inexpensive and stable catalysts, and simple operation but also remarkably broadened substrate scope. In particular, previously unusable cyclopropyl ketones without an activating group and/or alkenes with 1,2-disubstitution and 1,1,2-trisubstitution patterns were successfully used for the first time. Consequently, challenging cyclopentane compounds with various levels of substitution (65 examples, 57 new products, up to six substituents at all five ring atoms) were readily prepared in generally high to excellent yield and diastereoselectivity. The reaction was also successfully applied in concise formal synthesis of an anti-obesity drug and building natural product-like complex bridged or spirocyclic compounds. Mechanistic experiments and computational investigation support the proposed radical relay catalysis featuring a pyridine-assisted boronyl radical catalyst. Overall, this work demonstrates the first approach to use tetraalkoxydiboron(4) compounds as catalysts and may lead to the development of new, green, and efficient transition metal-like boron-catalyzed organic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwei Ding
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Zhi Liu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Zhijun Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Jingru Wen
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Kaiyan Yang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Hailong Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Liang Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China.,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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21
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Shi Y, Yang Y, Xu S. Iridium-Catalyzed Enantioselective C(sp 3 )-H Borylation of Aminocyclopropanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202201463. [PMID: 35194926 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202201463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Transition-metal-catalyzed regio- and stereo-controllable C-H functionalization remains a formidable challenge in asymmetric catalysis. Herein, we disclose the first example of iridium-catalyzed C(sp3 )-H borylation of aminocyclopropanes by using simple imides as weakly coordinating directing groups under mild reaction conditions. The reaction proceeded via a six-membered iridacycle, affording a vast range of chiral aminocyclopropyl boronates. The current method features a broad spectrum of functional groups (36 examples) and high enantioselectivities (up to 99 %). We also demonstrated the synthetic utility by a preparative scale C-H borylation, C-B bond transformations, and conversion of the directing group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjia Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yuhuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Senmiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
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22
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Seidel FW, Nozaki K. Cationic and Neutral Iridium(III) Hydride Complexes Supported by a Rigid, Bidentate Boryl/Phosphine Ligand. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Falk William Seidel
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kyoko Nozaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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23
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Chattopadhyay B, Hoque ME, Hassan MMM, Haldar C, Dey S, Guria S, Chaturvedi J. Catalyst Engineering through Heterobidentate (N–X-Type) Ligand Design for Iridium-Catalyzed Borylation. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1816-3334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
AbstractIridium-catalyzed C–H activation and borylation reactions operate under mild conditions that enable easy and atom-economical installation of the versatile boronate ester group in (het)arenes and alkanes. The standard catalytic system for iridium-catalyzed borylation uses [Ir(cod)(OMe)]2 as a precatalyst, a bipyridine type ligand, and B2pin2 or HBpin as the borylating agent. Initially, a bipyridine-ligated trisboryl–iridium complex is generated that enables the borylation reaction and the regioselectivity is mainly governed by the sterics of substituents present on the ring. As a result, monosubstituted and 1,2-disubstituted arenes give mixtures of isomers. Significant efforts by several research groups have overcome the selectivity issue for directed proximal C–H borylation by introducing a directing group and newly developed ligands. This short review aims to summarize recent elegant discoveries in directed C(sp2)–H and C(sp3)–H borylation by using heterobidentate ligand (P/N–Si, N–B, and N–C) coordinated iridium catalysts.1 Introduction2 Iridium-Catalyzed Directed C–H Borylation of C(sp2)–H Bonds3 Iridium-Catalyzed Directed C–H Borylation of C(sp3)–H Bonds4 Conclusions
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24
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Xu M, Ouyang Y, Wang L, Zhang S, Li P. Enantioselective synthesis of cyclic α-aminoboronates via copper-catalyzed dearomative borylation of 4-quinolinols. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:3677-3680. [PMID: 35225322 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc00027j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A highly enantioselective and regioselective dearomative borylation of 4-quinolinols was developed using a Cu(I)/(R,R)-Ph-BPE catalyst for efficient synthesis of unprecedented heterocyclic α-amino boronates, a new class of compounds potentially relevant to drug discovery, in generally excellent yields and enantioselectivities. The products were also useful intermediates for highly functionalized tetrahydroquinolines and cyclic α-aminoboronate derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Xu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 99 Yanxiang Road, Xi'an 710054, China.
| | - Yizhao Ouyang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 99 Yanxiang Road, Xi'an 710054, China.
| | - Linghua Wang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 99 Yanxiang Road, Xi'an 710054, China.
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 99 Yanxiang Road, Xi'an 710054, China.
| | - Pengfei Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 99 Yanxiang Road, Xi'an 710054, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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25
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Shi Y, Yang Y, Xu S. Iridium‐Catalyzed Enantioselective C(sp
3
)−H Borylation of Aminocyclopropanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjia Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Yuhuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Senmiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 China
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26
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Mahamudul Hassan MM, Mondal B, Singh S, Haldar C, Chaturvedi J, Bisht R, Sunoj RB, Chattopadhyay B. Ir-Catalyzed Ligand-Free Directed C–H Borylation of Arenes and Pharmaceuticals: Detailed Mechanistic Understanding. J Org Chem 2022; 87:4360-4375. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mirja Md Mahamudul Hassan
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Biplab Mondal
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sukriti Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Chabush Haldar
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jagriti Chaturvedi
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ranjana Bisht
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Raghavan B. Sunoj
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Buddhadeb Chattopadhyay
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
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27
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Zhang S, Perveen S, Ouyang Y, Xu L, Yu T, Zhao M, Wang L, Song P, Li P. Design and Synthesis of Tunable Chiral 2,2′‐Bipyridine Ligands: Application to the Enantioselective Nickel‐Catalyzed Reductive Arylation of Aldehydes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710054 China
| | - Saima Perveen
- School of Chemistry Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 China
| | - Yizhao Ouyang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710054 China
| | - Liang Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan Shihezi University Shihezi 832003 China
| | - Tao Yu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710054 China
| | - Min Zhao
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710054 China
| | - Linghua Wang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710054 China
| | - Peidong Song
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710054 China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710054 China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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28
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Su B, Hartwig JF. Development of Chiral Ligands for the Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Enantioselective Silylation and Borylation of C-H Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202113343. [PMID: 34729899 PMCID: PMC9135162 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202113343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Enantioselective reactions that install functional groups at the positions of unactivated C-H bonds can be envisioned to produce intermediates for the synthesis of the active ingredients in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals directly from simple feedstocks. Among these C-H bond functionalization reactions, those that form carbon-silicon (C-Si) and carbon-boron (C-B) bonds have been pursued because the products of these reactions can be converted to those containing a wide range of functional groups and because compounds containing silicon and boron possess unique properties that can be valuable for medicinal and materials chemistry. Although the silylation and borylation of C-H bonds have undergone extensive development during the past two decades, enantioselective versions of these reactions were not known until a few years ago. In this Minireview, we present the rapid development of enantioselective silylation and borylation of C-H bonds, with an emphasis on the design and development of the types of chiral ligands needed to achieve these reactions and an intention to inspire an expansion of these types of transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Su
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350 (P. R. China)
| | - John F. Hartwig
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
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29
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Su B, Hartwig JF. Development of Chiral Ligands for the Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Silylation and Borylation of C−H Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202113343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Su
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Chemical Biology College of Pharmacy Nankai University 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - John F. Hartwig
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA
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30
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Yu X, Zhang ZZ, Niu JL, Shi BF. Coordination-assisted, transition-metal-catalyzed enantioselective desymmetric C–H functionalization. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01884a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in transition-metal-catalyzed enantioselective desymmetric C–H functionalization are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Zhuo-Zhuo Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610106, China
| | - Jun-Long Niu
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Bing-Feng Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
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31
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Haldar C, Hoque ME, Chaturvedi J, Hassan MMM, Chattopadhyay B. Ir-catalyzed proximal and distal C-H borylation of arenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:13059-13074. [PMID: 34782892 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05104k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, the C-H bond activation and functionalization reaction has been known as a prevailing method for the construction of carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds using various transition metal catalysts. In this context, the iridium-catalyzed C-H bond activation and borylation reaction is one of the most valued methods. However, the major challenge in these borylation reactions is how to control the proximal (ortho) and distal (meta and para) selectivity. Interestingly, while so many approaches are now available for the proximal ortho selective borylation of arenes, borylation at the distal meta and or para position of arenes remains still challenging. Only a few approaches have been reported so far in the literature employing iridium catalysis. In this feature article, we have demonstrated some of the recent discoveries from our laboratories for the proximal (ortho) and distal (meta and para) selective borylation reactions. Moreover, some of the recent catalyst engineering discoveries for the selective proximal ortho borylation reactions for a diverse class of substrates have also been discussed. The discussion part of several other pioneering reports is limited due to the lack of scope of this feature article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chabush Haldar
- Center of Biomedical Research, Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Md Emdadul Hoque
- Center of Biomedical Research, Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Jagriti Chaturvedi
- Center of Biomedical Research, Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Mirja Md Mahamudul Hassan
- Center of Biomedical Research, Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Buddhadeb Chattopadhyay
- Center of Biomedical Research, Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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32
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Unnikrishnan A, Sunoj RB. Iridium-Catalyzed Regioselective Borylation through C-H Activation and the Origin of Ligand-Dependent Regioselectivity Switching. J Org Chem 2021; 86:15618-15630. [PMID: 34598435 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Research efforts in catalytic regioselective borylation using C-H bond activation of arenes have gained considerable recent attention. The ligand-enabled regiocontrol, such as in the borylation of benzaldehyde, the selectivity could be switched from the ortho to meta position, under identical conditions, by just changing the external ligand (L) from 8-aminoquinoline (8-AQ) to tetramethylphenanthroline (TMP). The DFT(B3LYP-D3) computations helped us learn that the energetically preferred catalytic pathway includes the formation of an Ir-π-complex between the active catalyst [Ir(L)(Bpin)3] and benzaldimine, a C-H bond oxidative addition (OA) to form an Ir(V)aryl-hydride intermediate, and a reductive elimination to furnish the borylated benzaldehyde as the final product. The lowest energetic span (δEortho = 26 kcal/mol with 8-AQ) is noted in the ortho borylation pathway, with the OA transition state (TS) as the turnover-determining TS. The change in regiochemical preference to the meta borylation (δEmeta = 26) with TMP is identified. A hemilabile mode of 8-AQ participation is found to exhibit a δEortho of 24 kcal/mol for the ortho borylation, relative to that in the chelate mode (δEortho = 26 kcal/mol). The predicted regioselectivity switching is in good agreement with the earlier experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anju Unnikrishnan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Raghavan B Sunoj
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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33
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Hu J, Ferger M, Shi Z, Marder TB. Recent advances in asymmetric borylation by transition metal catalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:13129-13188. [PMID: 34709239 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00843e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chiral organoboronates have played a critical role in organic chemistry and in the development of materials science and pharmaceuticals. Much effort has been devoted to exploring synthetic methodologies for the preparation of these compounds during the past few decades. Among the known methods, asymmetric catalysis has emerged as a practical and highly efficient strategy for their straightforward preparation, and recent years have witnessed remarkable advances in this respect. Approaches such as asymmetric borylative addition, asymmetric allylic borylation and stereospecific cross-coupling borylation, have been extensively explored and well established employing transition-metal catalysis with a chiral ligand. This review provides a comprehensive overview of transition metal-catalysed asymmetric borylation processes to construct carbon-boron, carbon-carbon, and other carbon-heteroatom bonds. It summarises a range of recent achievements in this area of research, with considerable attention devoted to the reaction modes and the mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiefeng Hu
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany. .,Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 211816 Nanjing, China
| | - Matthias Ferger
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Zhuangzhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, China.
| | - Todd B Marder
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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