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Nachimuthu K, Nallasivam JL. Recent updates on vinyl cyclopropanes, aziridines and oxiranes: access to heterocyclic scaffolds. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:4212-4242. [PMID: 38738483 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00246f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
This present review delineates the repertoire of vinyl cyclopropanes and their stuctural analogues to accomplish a wide array of oxa-cycles, aza-cycles, and thia-cycles under transition metal catalysis and metal-free approaches from early 2019 to the present date. The generation of electrophilic π-allyl intermediates and 1-3/1-5-dipolarophile chemistry originating from VCPs are always green, step- and atom-economical and sustainable strategies in comparsion with prefunctionalized and/or C-H activation protocols. Here, the strained ring-system extends its applicability by relieving the strain to undergo a ring-expansion reaction to accomplish 5-9 membered carbo- and heterocyclic systems. The availability of chiral ligands in the ring-expansion reaction of VCPs and their analogues has paved the way to realizing asymmetric synthetic transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiruthika Nachimuthu
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, Tiruchirappalli-620 015, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Jothi Lakshmi Nallasivam
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, Tiruchirappalli-620 015, Tamil Nadu, India.
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2
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Shorokhov VV, Zhokhov SS, Rybakov VB, Boichenko MA, Andreev IA, Ratmanova NK, Trushkov IV, Ivanova OA. Donor-Acceptor Cyclopropane Ring Expansion to 1,2-Dihydronaphthalenes. Access to Bridged Seven-Membered Lactones. Org Lett 2023; 25:7963-7967. [PMID: 37916763 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
A Lewis-acid-promoted domino ring-opening cyclization of readily available donor-acceptor cyclopropanes with a preinstalled electrophilic center, embedded in a donor group, to functionalized 1,2-dihydronaphthalenes is reported herein. The obtained compounds are transformed to pharmacologically attractive bridged tricyclic esters in a diastereospecific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly V Shorokhov
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Sergey S Zhokhov
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Victor B Rybakov
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Maksim A Boichenko
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Ivan A Andreev
- Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Samory Mashela 1, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Nina K Ratmanova
- Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Samory Mashela 1, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Igor V Trushkov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Olga A Ivanova
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia
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3
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Sung DB, Lee JS. Ensembles of Metal Triflate Additives in Gold(I)-Catalyzed Formal [2 + 2 + 2] Cycloaddition of Carbonyls with Activated Terminal Alkynes: One-Pot Synthesis of 2 H-Pyrans. Org Lett 2023; 25:7110-7114. [PMID: 37682002 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we describe a gold(I)-catalyzed intermolecular formal [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition of a carbonyl compound and a propiolate. A series of highly substituted 2H-pyrans are accessed regioselectively from acyclic and cyclic ketones and aldehydes with various substituted propiolates using Ph3PAuCl (0.1-1 mol %) with two distinct metal triflate additives [0.75-7.5 mol %; In(OTf)3/Cu(OTf)2 for ketones, Bi(OTf)3/Hf(OTf)4 for aldehydes]. This method should provide an opportunity for further development of synthetic access to other heterocyclic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Bi Sung
- Marine Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Seok Lee
- Marine Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
- Department of Marine Technology & Convergence Engineering, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
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4
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Ali A, Harit HK, Devi M, Ghosh D, Singh RP. Ring Expansion of Isatins via 1,2-Phospha-Brook Rearrangement: A Route to the Synthesis of 2-Quinolinone-Derived p-Quinone Methides. J Org Chem 2022; 87:16313-16327. [PMID: 36459618 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
A Lewis acid-mediated one-carbon homologation approach to installing a 2-quinolinone core embedded with para-quinone methides, in a high yield of up to 92%, and with high regioselectivity has been developed. Also, post-synthetic modifications, including C-P, C-S, and C-C bond formations, have been demonstrated by the 1,6-addition of suitable nucleophiles. Further, cyclopropanation of 2-quinolinone-embedded p-QM is also demonstrated affording a contiguous quaternary spiro center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi110016, India
| | - Harish K Harit
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi110016, India
| | - Manju Devi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi110016, India
| | - Dibyajyoti Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi110016, India
| | - Ravi P Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi110016, India
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5
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Babl T, Reiser O. Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Meptazinol. J Org Chem 2022; 87:6410-6417. [PMID: 35410473 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The first enantioselective synthesis of (S)-meptazinol in 14 steps from commercially available ethyl 4-oxo-3,4-dihydropyridine-1(2H)-carboxylate, being widely used in racemic form for pain treatment, and, en route, the formal synthesis of two anti-Alzheimer's agents are reported. A novel ring expansion of 2-azabicyclo[4.1.0]heptanes, readily available via the stereoselective cyclopropanation of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyridine-4-ols, provides an effective entry to 3,3-disubstituted azepanes that represent the core for a variety of approved drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Babl
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Reiser
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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6
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Pu Q, Huo M, Liang G, Bai L, Chen G, Li H, Xiang P, Zhou H, Zhou J. Divergent oxidative dearomatization coupling reactions to construct polycyclic cyclohexadienones. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:4348-4351. [PMID: 35293906 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc00183g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Highly selective divergent oxidative dearomatization coupling reactions, in which the chemoselectivity is controlled by catalysts and bases, are reported herein. Three different kinds of polycyclic cyclohexadienones are produced from the same reactants (41 examples, 85-99% yield). Our method marks a novel copper- and palladium-catalyzed C-H oxidative dearomatization of phenolic derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Pu
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Mingming Huo
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Guojuan Liang
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Lijuan Bai
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Genhui Chen
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Hongjiao Li
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Peng Xiang
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Hui Zhou
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Jing Zhou
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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Cohen A, Kaushansky A, Marek I. Mechanistic Insights on the Selectivity of the Tandem Heck-Ring-Opening of Cyclopropyldiol Derivatives. JACS AU 2022; 2:687-696. [PMID: 35373195 PMCID: PMC8970019 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of a new class of alkenyl cyclopropyl diols, easily available through a copper-catalyzed carbometalation reaction of cyclopropenes, has enabled the study of key mechanistic aspects of the tandem Heck-cyclopropane ring-opening reaction. Utilizing these substrates containing two distinct hydroxyl groups allowed us to examine parameters affecting the reaction outcome and selectivity. The combination of these experimental results with detailed DFT studies shed light on the mechanism governing the regio- and stereoselectivity of the cyclopropane ring-opening. A thorough investigation displayed the dual roles fulfilled by the hydroxyl group during the reaction, which is key to this remarkable transformation. In addition to its mechanistic implication, the reaction granted access to various lactones possessing up to four stereocenters as a single diastereomer, conveniently prepared in only two catalytic steps from easily accessible achiral cyclopropenes.
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Dhara S, Ghosh S, Das AR. An iron-catalyzed domino reaction of donor-acceptor cyclopropanes: a diastereoselective approach towards diversely functionalized pyrrolo-quinazolines. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:1415-1424. [PMID: 35014658 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02215f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
An expeditious synthetic route to access functionalized pyrrolo[2,1-b]quinazoline scaffolds has been achieved via domino ring opening cyclization (DROC) reactions of donor-acceptor (D-A) cyclopropanes and 2-amino(methyl)aniline derivatives. This novel iron catalyzed transformation is amenable to a wide range of substrates. Three new C-N bonds and two rings were sequentially constructed in this divergent one-pot process. The advantages of simple operation, high yields and general applicability make this procedure highly attractive and practical too.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samiran Dhara
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta 92, A. P. C. Road, Kolkata-700009, India.
| | - Subhadeep Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta 92, A. P. C. Road, Kolkata-700009, India.
| | - Asish R Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta 92, A. P. C. Road, Kolkata-700009, India.
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9
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Bunyamin A, Hua C, Polyzos A, Priebbenow DL. Intramolecular Photochemical [2+1]-Cycloadditions of Nucleophilic Siloxy Carbenes. Chem Sci 2022; 13:3273-3280. [PMID: 35414869 PMCID: PMC8926286 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00203e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Visible light induced singlet nucleophilic carbenes undergo rapid [2 + 1]-cycloaddition with tethered olefins to afford unique bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane and bicyclo[4.1.0]heptane scaffolds. This cyclopropanation process requires only visible light irradiation to proceed, circumventing the use of exogenous (photo)catalysts, sensitisers or additives and showcases a vastly underexplored mode of reactivity for nucleophilic carbenes in chemical synthesis. The discovery of additional transformations including a cyclopropanation/retro-Michael/Michael cascade process to afford chromanones and a photochemical C–H insertion reaction are also described. Visible light induced singlet nucleophilic carbenes undergo rapid [2 + 1]-cycloaddition with tethered olefins to afford unique bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane and bicyclo[4.1.0]heptane scaffolds.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Bunyamin
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - Carol Hua
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University Waurn Ponds Victoria 3216 Australia
| | - Anastasios Polyzos
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing Clayton Victoria 3168 Australia
| | - Daniel L Priebbenow
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Monash University Parkville Victoria 3052 Australia
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Eckl R, Fischer S, Sonnleitner CM, Schmidhuber D, Rehbein J, Reiser O. Stereoselective Synthesis of Biologically Relevant Tetrahydropyridines and Dihydro-2 H-pyrans via Ring-Expansion of Monocyclopropanated Heterocycles. ACS ORGANIC & INORGANIC AU 2021; 2:169-174. [PMID: 36855453 PMCID: PMC9954292 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.1c00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A stereoselective, scalable, and metal-free ring-expansion of monocyclopropanated pyrroles and furans has been developed, leading to value-added highly functionalized tetrahydropyridine and dihydro-2H-pyran derivatives. Featuring a cyclopropylcarbinyl cation rearrangement as the key step, the selective cleavage of the unactivated endocyclic cyclopropane C-C bond is achieved. Targeted transformations of the thus obtained six-membered heterocycles give access to versatile building blocks with relevance for drug synthesis.
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