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Kunitomo N, Kano T. Cu-Catalyzed Asymmetric Arylation of Enone Diesters with Arylboronic Acids. J Org Chem 2024; 89:11048-11052. [PMID: 38995617 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c01045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
The Cu-catalyzed asymmetric conjugate addition of arylboronic acids to enone diesters is reported. This operationally simple and scalable reaction proceeded under mild conditions. The practical utility of this approach was demonstrated by the synthesis of structurally important γ-lactones and a cyclopentene that bear an aryl group. Mechanistic studies revealed that two different copper catalytic species work synergistically in the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noritaka Kunitomo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Taichi Kano
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
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2
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Zhang Z, Wang J, Yu C, Tan J, Du H, Chen N. Visible-Light-Induced Acylative Pyridylation of Styrenes. Org Lett 2024. [PMID: 38809604 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
A visible-light-induced photocatalyst-free acylative pyridylation of styrenes with 4-acyl-1,4-dihydropyridines (DHPs) and 4-cyanopyridines has been described, featuring mild reaction conditions, a broad substrate scope, and good functional group tolerance. The reaction could also be performed under sunlight irradiation albeit with a slightly lower conversion. 4-Acyl-1,4-DHPs serve a dual role, acting as both a photoreductant to reduce the cyanopyridine to its radical anion intermediate and a radical precursor to produce the acyl radical. The mechanism was especially elucidated through the Hammett analysis, with the quadratic linear regression analysis by using radical dual parameters, σmb and σjj·. The findings from Hammett analysis further demonstrate that the rate-limiting step of the process is the single electron transfer between 4-acyl-1,4-DHPs and 4-cyanopyridines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqin Zhang
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenfeng Yu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajing Tan
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongguang Du
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Chen
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
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Huang R, Yang S, Hu Z, Peng B, Zhu Y, Cheng T, Liu G. Bridging the incompatibility gap in dual asymmetric catalysis over a thermoresponsive hydrogel-supported catalyst. Commun Chem 2024; 7:2. [PMID: 38172516 PMCID: PMC10764871 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-01085-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The integration of dual asymmetric catalysis is highly beneficial for the synthesis of organic molecules with multiple stereocenters. However, two major issues that need to be addressed are the intrinsic deactivation of dual-species and the extrinsic conflict of reaction conditions. To overcome these concerns, we have utilized the compartmental and thermoresponsive properties of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) to develop a cross-linked PNIPAM-hydrogel-supported bifunctional catalyst. This catalyst is designed with Rh(diene) species situated on the outer surface and Ru(diamine) species positioned within the interior of the hydrogel. The compartmental function of PNIPAM in the middle overcomes intrinsic mutual deactivations between the dual-species. The thermoresponsive nature of PNIPAM allows for precise control of catalytic pathways in resolving external conflicts by controlling the reaction switching between an Rh-catalyzed enantioselective 1,4-addition at 50°C and a Ru-catalyzed asymmetric transfer hydrogenation (ATH) at 25°C. As we envisioned, this sequential 1,4-addition/reduction dual enantioselective cascade reaction achieves a transformation from incompatibility to compatibility, resulting in direct access to γ-substituted cyclic alcohols with dual stereocenters in high yields and enantio/diastereoselectivities. Mechanistic investigation reveals a reversible temperature transition between 50°C and 25°C, ensuring a cascade process comprising a 1,4-addition followed by the ATH process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renfu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University, No.100 Guilin Rd, Shanghai, China
| | - Shoujin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University, No.100 Guilin Rd, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhipeng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University, No.100 Guilin Rd, Shanghai, China
| | - Bangtai Peng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University, No.100 Guilin Rd, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanli Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University, No.100 Guilin Rd, Shanghai, China
| | - Tanyu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University, No.100 Guilin Rd, Shanghai, China
| | - Guohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University, No.100 Guilin Rd, Shanghai, China.
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Wu C, Chang Z, Peng C, Bai C, Xing J, Dou X. Catalytic asymmetric indolization by a desymmetrizing [3 + 2] annulation strategy. Chem Sci 2023; 14:7980-7987. [PMID: 37502333 PMCID: PMC10370590 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02474a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A new catalytic asymmetric indolization reaction by a desymmetrizing [3 + 2] annulation strategy is developed. The reaction proceeds via a rhodium-catalyzed enantioposition-selective addition/5-exo-trig cyclization/dehydration cascade between ortho-amino arylboronic acids and 2,2-disubstituted cyclopentene-1,3-diones to produce N-unprotected cyclopenta[b]indoles bearing an all-carbon quaternary stereocenter in high yields with good enantioselectivities. A quantitative structure-selectivity relationship (QSSR) model was established to identify the optimal chiral ligand, which effectively controlled the formation of the stereocenter away from the reaction site. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations, non-covalent interaction analysis, and Eyring analysis were performed to understand the key reaction step and the function of the ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhui Wu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 211198 P. R. China
| | - Zhiqian Chang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 211198 P. R. China
| | - Chuanyong Peng
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 211198 P. R. China
| | - Chen Bai
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 211198 P. R. China
| | - Junhao Xing
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 211198 P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Dou
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 211198 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
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Zhu H, Xing J, Wu C, Wang C, Yao W, Dou X. Rhodium-Catalyzed Chemodivergent Pyridylation of Alkynes with Pyridylboronic Acids. Org Lett 2022; 24:4896-4901. [PMID: 35770903 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The pyridylation of alkynes with pyridylboronic acids is realized under rhodium catalysis. Chemodivergent pyridylation products, including alkenylpyridines produced via the hydropyridylation pathway and cyclopenta[c]pyridines produced via the pyridylation/cyclization pathway, were selectively produced by fine-tuning the reaction conditions. A mechanistic study revealed that 1,4-rhodium migration to the pyridine ring was involved as the key step in the chemodivergent synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
| | - Junhao Xing
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
| | - Changhui Wu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
| | - Chenhong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
| | - Weijun Yao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Xiaowei Dou
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
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