1
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Deng X, Song CC, Gu WJ, Wang YJ, Feng L, Zhou XJ, Zhou MQ, Yuan WC, Chen YZ. Regioselective and enantioselective propargylic hydroxylations catalyzed by P450tol monooxygenases. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2024; 11:64. [PMID: 38954282 PMCID: PMC11219674 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-024-00771-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Regioselective and enantioselective hydroxylation of propargylic C-H bonds are useful reactions but often lack appropriate catalysts. Here a green and efficient asymmetric hydroxylation of primary and secondary C-H bonds at propargylic positions has been established. A series of optically active propargylic alcohols were prepared with high regio- and enantioselectivity (up to 99% ee) under mild reaction conditions by using P450tol, while the C≡C bonds in the molecule remained unreacted. This protocol provides a green and practical method for constructing enantiomerically chiral propargylic alcohols. In addition, we also demonstrated that the biohydroxylation strategy was able to scaled up to 2.25 mmol scale with the production of chiral propargyl alcohol 2a at a yield of 196 mg with 96% ee, which's an important synthetic intermediate of antifungal drug Ravuconazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Deng
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Cheng-Cheng Song
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Wen-Jing Gu
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yu-Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Lu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xiao-Jian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
| | - Ming-Qiang Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wei-Cheng Yuan
- National Engineering Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yong-Zheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
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2
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Jones BS, Ross CM, Foley G, Pozhydaieva N, Sharratt JW, Kress N, Seibt LS, Thomson RES, Gumulya Y, Hayes MA, Gillam EMJ, Flitsch SL. Engineering Biocatalysts for the C-H Activation of Fatty Acids by Ancestral Sequence Reconstruction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202314869. [PMID: 38163289 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Selective, one-step C-H activation of fatty acids from biomass is an attractive concept in sustainable chemistry. Biocatalysis has shown promise for generating high-value hydroxy acids, but to date enzyme discovery has relied on laborious screening and produced limited hits, which predominantly oxidise the subterminal positions of fatty acids. Herein we show that ancestral sequence reconstruction (ASR) is an effective tool to explore the sequence-activity landscape of a family of multidomain, self-sufficient P450 monooxygenases. We resurrected 11 catalytically active CYP116B ancestors, each with a unique regioselectivity fingerprint that varied from subterminal in the older ancestors to mid-chain in the lineage leading to the extant, P450-TT. In lineages leading to extant enzymes in thermophiles, thermostability increased from ancestral to extant forms, as expected if thermophily had arisen de novo. Our studies show that ASR can be applied to multidomain enzymes to develop active, self-sufficient monooxygenases as regioselective biocatalysts for fatty acid hydroxylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethan S Jones
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB), 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Connie M Ross
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Gabriel Foley
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Nadiia Pozhydaieva
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB), 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Joseph W Sharratt
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB), 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Nico Kress
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB), 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Lisa S Seibt
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB), 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Raine E S Thomson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Yosephine Gumulya
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Martin A Hayes
- Compound Synthesis and Management, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, SE
| | - Elizabeth M J Gillam
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Sabine L Flitsch
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB), 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
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3
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Giang PD, Churchman LR, Buczynski JB, Bell SG, Stok JE, De Voss JJ. CYP108N14: A Monoterpene Monooxygenase from Rhodococcus globerulus. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 752:109852. [PMID: 38072297 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Rhodococcus globerulus (R. globerulus) was isolated from the soil beneath a Eucalypt tree. Metabolic growth studies revealed that R. globerulus was capable of living on certain monoterpenes, including 1,8-cineole and p-cymene, as sole sources of carbon and energy. Multiple P450 genes were identified in the R. globerulus genome that shared homology to known bacterial, monoterpene hydroxylating P450s. To date, two of these P450s have been expressed and characterised as 1,8-cineole (CYP176A1) and p-cymene (CYP108N12) monooxygenases that are believed to initiate the biodegradation of these terpenes. In this work, another putative P450 gene (CYP108N14) was identified in R. globerulus genome. Given its amino acid sequence identity to other monoterpene hydroxylating P450s it was hypothesised to catalyse monoterpene hydroxylation. These include CYP108A1 from Pseudomonas sp. (47 % identity, 68 % similarity) which hydroxylates α-terpineol, and CYP108N12 also from R. globerulus (62 % identity, 77 % similarity). Also present in the operon containing CYP108N14 were putative ferredoxin and ferredoxin reductase genes, suggesting a typical Class I P450 system. CYP108N14 was successfully over-expressed heterologously and purified, resulting in a good yield of CYP108N14 holoprotein. However, neither the ferredoxin nor ferredoxin reductase could be produced heterologously. Binding studies with CYP108N14 revealed a preference for the monoterpenes p-cymene, (R)-limonene, (S)-limonene, (S)-α-terpineol and (S)-4-terpineol. An active catalytic system was reconstituted with the non-native redox partners cymredoxin (from the CYP108N12 system) and putidaredoxin reductase (from the CYP101A1 system). CYP108N14 when supported by these redox partners was able to catalyse the hydroxylation of the five aforementioned substrates selectively at the methyl benzylic/allylic positions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter D Giang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Luke R Churchman
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Julia B Buczynski
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Stephen G Bell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Jeanette E Stok
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Australia
| | - James J De Voss
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Australia.
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4
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Li H, Zhang Y, Huang Y, Duan P, Ge R, Han X, Zhang W. A Simple Access to γ- and ε-Keto Arenes via Enzymatic Divergent C─H Bond Oxyfunctionalization. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2304605. [PMID: 37870171 PMCID: PMC10700168 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Performing divergent C─H bond functionalization on molecules with multiple reaction sites is a significant challenge in organic chemistry. Biocatalytic oxyfunctionalization reactions of these compounds to the corresponding ketones/aldehydes are typically hindered by selectivity issues. To address these challenges, the catalytic performance of oxidoreductases is explored. The results show that combining the peroxygenase-catalyzed propargylic C─H bond oxidation with the Old Yellow Enzyme-catalyzed reduction of conjugated C─C triple bonds in one-pot enables the regio- and chemoselective oxyfunctionalization of sp3 C─H bonds that are distant from benzylic sites. This enzymatic approach yielded a variety of γ-keto arenes with diverse structural and electronic properties in yields of up to 99% and regioselectivity of 100%, which are difficult to achieve using other chemocatalysis and enzymes. By adjusting the C─C triple bond, the carbonyl group's position can be further tuned to yield ε-keto arenes. This enzymatic approach can be combined with other biocatalysts to establish new synthetic pathways for accessing various challenging divergent C─H bond functionalization reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049China
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low‐carbon ManufacturingTianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences32 West 7th AvenueTianjin300308China
| | - Yalan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low‐carbon ManufacturingTianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences32 West 7th AvenueTianjin300308China
| | - Yawen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low‐carbon ManufacturingTianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences32 West 7th AvenueTianjin300308China
| | - Peigao Duan
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049China
| | - Ran Ge
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low‐carbon ManufacturingTianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences32 West 7th AvenueTianjin300308China
| | - Xiaofeng Han
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low‐carbon ManufacturingTianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences32 West 7th AvenueTianjin300308China
| | - Wuyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low‐carbon ManufacturingTianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences32 West 7th AvenueTianjin300308China
- National Innovation Center for Synthetic Biotechnology32 West 7th AvenueTianjin300308China
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5
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Kumari S, Das S. Bacterial enzymatic degradation of recalcitrant organic pollutants: catabolic pathways and genetic regulations. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:79676-79705. [PMID: 37330441 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28130-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of soil and natural water bodies driven by increased organic pollutants remains a universal concern. Naturally, organic pollutants contain carcinogenic and toxic properties threatening all known life forms. The conventional physical and chemical methods employed to remove these organic pollutants ironically produce toxic and non-ecofriendly end-products. Whereas microbial-based degradation of organic pollutants provides an edge, they are usually cost-effective and take an eco-friendly approach towards remediation. Bacterial species, including Pseudomonas, Comamonas, Burkholderia, and Xanthomonas, have the unique genetic makeup to metabolically degrade toxic pollutants, conferring their survival in toxic environments. Several catabolic genes, such as alkB, xylE, catA, and nahAc, that encode enzymes and allow bacteria to degrade organic pollutants have been identified, characterized, and even engineered for better efficacy. Aerobic and anaerobic processes are followed by bacteria to metabolize aliphatic saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons such as alkanes, cycloalkanes, aldehydes, and ethers. Bacteria use a variety of degrading pathways, including catechol, protocatechuate, gentisate, benzoate, and biphenyl, to remove aromatic organic contaminants such as polychlorinated biphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and pesticides from the environment. A better understanding of the principle, mechanisms, and genetics would be beneficial for improving the metabolic efficacy of bacteria to such ends. With a focus on comprehending the mechanisms involved in various catabolic pathways and the genetics of the biotransformation of these xenobiotic compounds, the present review offers insight into the various sources and types of known organic pollutants and their toxic effects on health and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swetambari Kumari
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Ecology (LEnME), Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Surajit Das
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Ecology (LEnME), Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India.
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6
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Chen J, Dong S, Fang W, Jiang Y, Chen Z, Qin X, Wang C, Zhou H, Jin L, Feng Y, Wang B, Cong Z. Regiodivergent and Enantioselective Hydroxylation of C-H bonds by Synergistic Use of Protein Engineering and Exogenous Dual-Functional Small Molecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215088. [PMID: 36417593 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
It is a great challenge to optionally access diverse hydroxylation products from a given substrate bearing multiple reaction sites of sp3 and sp2 C-H bonds. Herein, we report the highly selective divergent hydroxylation of alkylbenzenes by an engineered P450 peroxygenase driven by a dual-functional small molecule (DFSM). Using combinations of various P450BM3 variants with DFSMs enabled access to more than half of all possible hydroxylated products from each substrate with excellent regioselectivity (up to >99 %), enantioselectivity (up to >99 % ee), and high total turnover numbers (up to 80963). Crystal structure analysis, molecular dynamic simulations, and theoretical calculations revealed that synergistic effects between exogenous DFSMs and the protein environment controlled regio- and enantioselectivity. This work has implications for exogenous-molecule-modulated enzymatic regiodivergent and enantioselective hydroxylation with potential applications in synthetic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266101, Qingdao, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China.,Shandong Energy Institute, 266101, Qingdao, China
| | - Sheng Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266101, Qingdao, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China.,Shandong Energy Institute, 266101, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenhan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Yiping Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266101, Qingdao, China.,Shandong Energy Institute, 266101, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhifeng Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266101, Qingdao, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, Key Laboratory of Functional Yeast, China National Light Industry, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, China
| | - Xiangquan Qin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266101, Qingdao, China.,Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, 133002, Yanji, China
| | - Cong Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266101, Qingdao, China
| | - Haifeng Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, Key Laboratory of Functional Yeast, China National Light Industry, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, China
| | - Longyi Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, 133002, Yanji, China
| | - Yingang Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266101, Qingdao, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China.,Shandong Energy Institute, 266101, Qingdao, China
| | - Binju Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhiqi Cong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266101, Qingdao, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China.,Shandong Energy Institute, 266101, Qingdao, China
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7
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Wan NW, Cui HB, Zhao L, Shan J, Chen K, Wang ZQ, Zhou XJ, Cui BD, Han WY, Chen YZ. Directed evolution of cytochrome P450DA hydroxylase activity for stereoselective biohydroxylation. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00164k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A colorimetric high throughput screening method was developed based on a dual-enzyme cascade and used for the directed evolution of cytochrome P450 hydroxylase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Wei Wan
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, China
| | - Hai-Bo Cui
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, China
| | - Jing Shan
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, China
| | - Zhong-Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, China
| | - Xiao-Jian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, China
| | - Bao-Dong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, China
| | - Wen-Yong Han
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, China
| | - Yong-Zheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, China
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