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Han Y, Jiang H, Huang C, Wu X, Ouyang Y, Chen H, Lan D, Wang Y, Zheng B, Xia J. Enzymatic interfacial conversion of acylglycerols in Pickering emulsions stabilized by hydrogel microparticles. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 661:228-236. [PMID: 38301461 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.01.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS A critical challenge in the enzymatic conversion of acylglycerols is the limited exposure of the enzyme dissolved in the aqueous solution to the hydrophobic substrate in the oil phase. Positioning the enzyme in a microenvironment with balanced hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity in Pickering emulsion will facilitate the acylglycerol-catalyzing reactions at the interface between the oil and liquid phases. EXPERIMENTS In this work, to overcome the challenge of biphasic catalysis, we report a method to immobilize enzymes in polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based hydrogel microparticles (HMPs) at the interface between the oil and water phases in Pickering emulsion to promote the enzymatic conversion of acylglycerols. FINDINGS 3 wt% of HMPs can stabilize the oil-in-water Pickering emulsion for at least 14 days and increase the viscosity of emulsions. Lipase-HMP conjugates showed significantly higher hydrolytic activity in Pickering emulsion; HMP-immobilized lipase SMG1 showed an activity about three times that of free lipase SMG1. Co-immobilization of a lipase and a fatty acid photodecarboxylase from Chlorella variabilis (CvFAP) in Pickering emulsion enables light-driven cascade conversion of triacylglycerols to hydrocarbons, transforming waste oil to renewable biofuels in a green and sustainable approach. HMPs stabilize the Pickering emulsion and promote interfacial biocatalysis in converting acylglycerols to renewable biofuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxu Han
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xue Wu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yinghan Ouyang
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongfei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dongming Lan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yonghua Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Bo Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiang Xia
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
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Zhou J, Hollmann F, He Q, Chen W, Ma Y, Wang Y. Continuous Fatty Acid Decarboxylation using an Immobilized Photodecarboxylase in a Membrane Reactor. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301326. [PMID: 37985235 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The realm of photobiocatalytic alkane biofuel synthesis has burgeoned recently; however, the current dearth of well-established and scalable production methodologies in this domain remains conspicuous. In this investigation, we engineered a modified form of membrane-associated fatty acid photodecarboxylase sourced from Micractinium conductrix (McFAP). This endeavour resulted in creating an innovative assembled photoenzyme-membrane (protein load 5 mg cm-2 ), subsequently integrated into an illuminated flow apparatus to achieve uninterrupted generation of alkane biofuels. Through batch experiments, the photoenzyme-membrane exhibited its prowess in converting fatty acids spanning varying chain lengths (C6-C18). Following this, the membrane-flow mesoscale reactor attained a maximum space-time yield of 1.2 mmol L-1 h-1 (C8) and demonstrated commendable catalytic proficiency across eight consecutive cycles, culminating in a cumulative runtime of eight hours. These findings collectively underscored the photoenzyme-membrane's capability to facilitate the biotransformation of diverse fatty acids, furnishing valuable benchmarks for the conversion of biomass via photobiocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianle Zhou
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Frank Hollmann
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Qi He
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Wen Chen
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yunjian Ma
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yonghua Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Youmei Institute of Intelligent Bio-manufacturing Co. Ltd, Foshan, Guangdong, 528200, China
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Püllmann P, Homann D, Karl TA, König B, Weissenborn MJ. Light-Controlled Biocatalysis by Unspecific Peroxygenases with Genetically Encoded Photosensitizers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202307897. [PMID: 37597259 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202307897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Fungal unspecific peroxygenases (UPOs) have gained substantial attention for their versatile oxyfunctionalization chemistry paired with impressive catalytic capabilities. A major drawback, however, remains their sensitivity towards their co-substrate hydrogen peroxide, necessitating the use of smart in situ hydrogen peroxide generation methods to enable efficient catalysis setups. Herein, we introduce flavin-containing protein photosensitizers as a new general tool for light-controlled in situ hydrogen peroxide production. By genetically fusing flavin binding fluorescent proteins and UPOs, we have created two virtually self-sufficient photo-enzymes (PhotUPO). Subsequent testing of a versatile substrate panel with the two divergent PhotUPOs revealed two stereoselective conversions. The catalytic performance of the fusion protein was optimized through enzyme and substrate loading variation, enabling up to 24300 turnover numbers (TONs) for the sulfoxidation of methyl phenyl sulfide. The PhotUPO concept was upscaled to a 100 mg substrate preparative scale, enabling the extraction of enantiomerically pure alcohol products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Püllmann
- Research Group Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Present address: Molecular Design and Engineering, Bayer AG, Aprather Weg 18 A, 42113, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Dominik Homann
- Research Group Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Weinbergweg 22, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Tobias A Karl
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätstr. 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Burkhard König
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätstr. 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Martin J Weissenborn
- Research Group Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Weinbergweg 22, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Emmanuel MA, Bender SG, Bilodeau C, Carceller JM, DeHovitz JS, Fu H, Liu Y, Nicholls BT, Ouyang Y, Page CG, Qiao T, Raps FC, Sorigué DR, Sun SZ, Turek-Herman J, Ye Y, Rivas-Souchet A, Cao J, Hyster TK. Photobiocatalytic Strategies for Organic Synthesis. Chem Rev 2023; 123:5459-5520. [PMID: 37115521 PMCID: PMC10905417 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Biocatalysis has revolutionized chemical synthesis, providing sustainable methods for preparing various organic molecules. In enzyme-mediated organic synthesis, most reactions involve molecules operating from their ground states. Over the past 25 years, there has been an increased interest in enzymatic processes that utilize electronically excited states accessed through photoexcitation. These photobiocatalytic processes involve a diverse array of reaction mechanisms that are complementary to one another. This comprehensive review will describe the state-of-the-art strategies in photobiocatalysis for organic synthesis until December 2022. Apart from reviewing the relevant literature, a central goal of this review is to delineate the mechanistic differences between the general strategies employed in the field. We will organize this review based on the relationship between the photochemical step and the enzymatic transformations. The review will include mechanistic studies, substrate scopes, and protein optimization strategies. By clearly defining mechanistically-distinct strategies in photobiocatalytic chemistry, we hope to illuminate future synthetic opportunities in the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan A Emmanuel
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Sophie G Bender
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Catherine Bilodeau
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Jose M Carceller
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Institute of Chemical Technology (ITQ), Universitat Politècnica de València, València 46022,Spain
| | - Jacob S DeHovitz
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Haigen Fu
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Bryce T Nicholls
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Yao Ouyang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Claire G Page
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Tianzhang Qiao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Felix C Raps
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Damien R Sorigué
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Aix-Marseille University, CEA, CNRS, Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnologies, BIAM Cadarache, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Shang-Zheng Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Joshua Turek-Herman
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Yuxuan Ye
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Ariadna Rivas-Souchet
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Jingzhe Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Todd K Hyster
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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Moving towards the Application of Biocatalysis in Food Waste Biorefinery. FERMENTATION 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9010073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Waste valorization is an important strategy to reduce environmental pollution and dependency on petroleum-based fuels. In this regard, utilization of food waste as a versatile and low-cost resource is important. Several advanced catalytic methods for the valorization of food waste have been widely investigated for the production of liquid biofuels. Along this line, chemical catalysts have been explored for the synthesis of liquid biofuels. Chemo-catalysis is mainly metal based, which requires harsh process conditions. Alternatively, biocatalysts are currently being investigated as a result of several advantages such as mild reaction conditions, recyclability, selectivity and biodegradability. In this work, recent biocatalytic technologies for the preparation of liquid biofuels through food waste valorization are discussed thoroughly. Lipases are employed for the synthesis of biodiesel and the upgradation of bio-oil, whereas methane mono-oxygenases could be explored for the production of methanol via the oxidation of methane generated from food wastes. Industrial production of ethanol from food waste using bioconversion technologies is a success story. To date, there has been no specific report on the use of food waste for propanol preparation using enzymes. The ABE process (Acetone–Butanol–Ethanol) (using suitable microorganisms) is used for butanol preparation, where the vacuum stripping system is integrated to remove butanol from the broth and circumvent inhibition. The synthesis of hydrocarbon fuels from fatty acids and triglycerides can be carried out using enzymes, such as carboxylic acid reductase and fatty acid photodecarboxylase (an algal photoenzyme). Both carboxylic acid reductase and fatty acid photodecarboxylase have not yet been applied in the direct valorization of food wastes. Furthermore, limitations of the reported methods, societal and economic aspects and a fresh perspective on the subject, along with important examples, are described.
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