1
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Aitbella H, Belachemi L, Merle N, Zinck P, Kaddami H. Schiff Base Functionalized Cellulose: Towards Strong Support-Cobalt Nanoparticles Interactions for High Catalytic Performances. Molecules 2024; 29:1734. [PMID: 38675554 PMCID: PMC11051967 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
A new hybrid catalyst consisting of cobalt nanoparticles immobilized onto cellulose was developed. The cellulosic matrix is derived from date palm biomass waste, which was oxidized by sodium periodate to yield dialdehyde and was further derivatized by grafting orthoaminophenol as a metal ion complexing agent. The new hybrid catalyst was characterized by FT-IR, solid-state NMR, XRD, SEM, TEM, ICP, and XPS. The catalytic potential of the nanocatalyst was then evaluated in the catalytic hydrogenation of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol under mild experimental conditions in aqueous medium in the presence of NaBH4 at room temperature. The reaction achieved complete conversion within a short period of 7 min. The rate constant was calculated to be K = 8.7 × 10-3 s-1. The catalyst was recycled for eight cycles. Furthermore, we explored the application of the same catalyst for the hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde using dihydrogen under different reaction conditions. The results obtained were highly promising, exhibiting both high conversion and excellent selectivity in cinnamyl alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hicham Aitbella
- IMED-Lab, Team of Organometallic and Macromolecular Chemistry-Composite Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
- Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, UMR 8181, University Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, University Artois, F-59650 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Larbi Belachemi
- IMED-Lab, Team of Organometallic and Macromolecular Chemistry-Composite Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
| | - Nicolas Merle
- Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, UMR 8181, University Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, University Artois, F-59650 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Philippe Zinck
- IMED-Lab, Team of Organometallic and Macromolecular Chemistry-Composite Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
| | - Hamid Kaddami
- IMED-Lab, Team of Organometallic and Macromolecular Chemistry-Composite Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
- Sustainable Materials Research Center (SusMat-RC), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
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2
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Yuan J, Huang X, Zhang W, Zhou M, Li G, Tian F, Chen R. Catalytic Hydrogenation of Nitroarenes over Ag 33 Nanoclusters: The Ligand Effect. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:17668-17677. [PMID: 37847070 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Using ligand-protected metallic nanoclusters with atomic precision as catalysts and elucidating its ligand effect in the catalysis are the prerequisites to deepen the structure-catalysis relationship of nanoclusters at the molecular level. Herein, a series of Ag33 nanoclusters protected with different thiolate ligands (2-phenylethanethiol, 4-chlorobenzyl mercaptan, and 4-methoxybenzyl mercaptan as precursors) were synthesized and used as heterogeneous catalysts for the conversion of nitroarenes to arylamine with NaBH4 as reductant. The obtained nanoclusters exhibited ligand-dependent catalytic activity, with benzyl thiolate ligands distinctly superior to the phenethyl thiolate ligands. DFT calculations revealed that the ligand regulated catalytic activity of the nanoclusters was ascribed to the H-π and π-π interactions between the ligands and the substrates, owing to the presence of phenyl rings in these structures. This work highlighted the importance of the ligands on the metallic nanoclusters in catalysis and provides a strategy to regulate the catalytic activity by utilizing weak interactions between the catalysts and the substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianglu Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China
| | - Xiaofei Huang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China
| | - Weihua Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China
| | - Mengting Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China
| | - Guangfang Li
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Fan Tian
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China
| | - Rong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, PR China
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3
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Zhang J, Wang HD, Zhang Y, Li Z, Yang D, Zhang DH, Tsukuda T, Li G. A Revealing Insight into Gold Cluster Photocatalysts: Visible versus (Vacuum) Ultraviolet Light. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:4179-4184. [PMID: 37114860 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
[Au25(PPh3)10(SC2H4Ph)5Cl2]2+ (Au25) supported on TiO2 (P25) exhibited distinct photocatalytic behaviors in the oxidation of amines using visible or ultraviolet light. The activity under visible light (455 nm) was superior to that under ultraviolet light. To gain insight into the origin of this difference, we investigated the photoreaction pathways of Au25 isolated in the gas phase upon irradiation with a pulsed laser with wavelengths of 455, 193, and 154 nm. High-resolution mass spectrometry revealed photon energy-dependent pathways for Au25: dissociation of the PPh3 ligands and PPh3AuCl units at 455 nm, dissociation into small [AunSm]+ ions (n = 3-20; m = 0-4) at 193 nm, and ionization affording the triply charged state at 154 nm. These results were substantiated by density functional theory simulations. On the basis of these results, we proposed that the inferior photocatalytic activity of Au25/P25 under ultraviolet light is mainly due to the poor photostability of Au25.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Heng-Ding Wang
- State Key Laboratory Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yifei Zhang
- Institute of Catalysis for Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Dongyuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Dong H Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Tatsuya Tsukuda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Gao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
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4
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Wu X, Weng S, Lv Y, He S, Yu H. DFT Insights into the Variety in the Coordination Modes of the Equatorial Halides in [Au 13 Ag 12 (PR 3 ) 10 X 8 ] + (X=Cl/Br) Clusters. Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202200526. [PMID: 36173928 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The bonding character within metal nanoclusters represents an intriguing topic, shedding light on the inherent driving force for the packing preference in nanomaterials. Herein, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were conducted to investigate the correlation of the series of isomeric [Au13 Ag12 (PR3 )10 X8 ]+ (X=Cl/Br) clusters, which are mainly differentiated by the coordination mode of the equatorial halides (μ2 -, μ3 - and μ4 -) in the rod-like, bi-icosahedral framework. The theoretical simulation corroborates the variety in the configuration of the Au13 Ag12 clusters and elucidates the fast isomerization kinetics among the different configurations. The easy tautomerization and the variety in chloride binding modes correspond to a fluxionality character of the equatorial halides and are verified by the potential energy curve analysis. The structural flexibility of the central Au3 Ag10 block is the main driving force, while the relatively stronger Ag-X bonding interaction (compared to that of Au-X), and a sufficient number of halides are also requisite for the associating Ag-X tautomerizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohang Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, P. R. China
| | - Shiyin Weng
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, P. R. China
| | - Ying Lv
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, P. R. China
| | - Shuping He
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, P. R. China
| | - Haizhu Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, P. R. China.,Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, P. R. China
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5
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Yuan SF, Guan ZJ, Wang QM. Identification of the Active Species in Bimetallic Cluster Catalyzed Hydrogenation. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11405-11412. [PMID: 35700103 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Identification of the authentic active species of cluster catalysis is rather challenging, and direct structural evidence is quite valuable and difficult to obtain. Two "isostructural" clusters, Ag25Cu4Cl6(dppb)6(PhC≡C)12(SO3CF3)3 (1) and Ag25Cu4Cl6H8(dppb)6(PhC≡C)12(SO3CF3)3 (2H) (dppb is 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphine)butane), have been successfully isolated and structurally characterized. Both these clusters have a centered icosahedron Ag13 core with the same peripheral composition and structure. The only difference is that 2H has eight hydrides but 1 has none, that is, the kernels are Ag135+ and Ag13H85+ in 1 and 2H, respectively. The catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) to 4-aminophenol (4-AP) as a model reaction is assessed with the two clusters. Cluster 2H is very active with 100% yield within 2 h, whereas 1 shows a very low conversion (∼8%) under the same conditions. Interestingly, high catalytic activity was observed when 1 was converted to 2H with the oxidation of H2O2 under catalytic conditions. The unprecedented transformation of a reduced nanocluster to an Ag(I)Cu(I) bimetallic cluster compound provides an excellent platform to determine the real active cluster in terms of metal cluster catalysis. The present work presents clear structural evidence that the catalytic performance of metal nanoclusters can be modulated by properly regulating the oxidation state of their constituted metal atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Fu Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Zong-Jie Guan
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Quan-Ming Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
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6
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In-situ generation and global property profiling of metal nanoclusters by ultraviolet laser dissociation-mass spectrometry. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1267-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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7
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Adnan RH, Madridejos JML, Alotabi AS, Metha GF, Andersson GG. A Review of State of the Art in Phosphine Ligated Gold Clusters and Application in Catalysis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105692. [PMID: 35332703 PMCID: PMC9130904 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Atomically precise gold clusters are highly desirable due to their well-defined structure which allows the study of structure-property relationships. In addition, they have potential in technological applications such as nanoscale catalysis. The structural, chemical, electronic, and optical properties of ligated gold clusters are strongly defined by the metal-ligand interaction and type of ligands. This critical feature renders gold-phosphine clusters unique and distinct from other ligand-protected gold clusters. The use of multidentate phosphines enables preparation of varying core sizes and exotic structures beyond regular polyhedrons. Weak gold-phosphorous (Au-P) bonding is advantageous for ligand exchange and removal for specific applications, such as catalysis, without agglomeration. The aim of this review is to provide a unified view of gold-phosphine clusters and to present an in-depth discussion on recent advances and key developments for these clusters. This review features the unique chemistry, structural, electronic, and optical properties of gold-phosphine clusters. Advanced characterization techniques, including synchrotron-based spectroscopy, have unraveled substantial effects of Au-P interaction on the composition-, structure-, and size-dependent properties. State-of-the-art theoretical calculations that reveal insights into experimental findings are also discussed. Finally, a discussion of the application of gold-phosphine clusters in catalysis is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohul H. Adnan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceCenter for Hydrogen EnergyUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM)Johor Bahru81310Malaysia
| | | | - Abdulrahman S. Alotabi
- Flinders Institute for NanoScale Science and TechnologyFlinders UniversityAdelaideSouth Australia5042Australia
- Department of PhysicsFaculty of Science and Arts in BaljurashiAlbaha UniversityBaljurashi65655Saudi Arabia
| | - Gregory F. Metha
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth Australia5005Australia
| | - Gunther G. Andersson
- Flinders Institute for NanoScale Science and TechnologyFlinders UniversityAdelaideSouth Australia5042Australia
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8
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Yuan SF, Liu WD, Liu CY, Guan ZJ, Wang QM. Nitrogen Donor Protection for Atomically Precise Metal Nanoclusters. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202104445. [PMID: 35218267 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Surface organic ligands are critical in dictating the structures and properties of atomically precise metal nanoclusters. In contrast to the conventionally used thiolate, phosphine and alkynyl ligands, nitrogen donor ligands have not been used in the protection for well-defined metal nanoclusters until recently. This review focuses on recent developments in atomically precise metal nanoclusters stabilized by different types of nitrogen donor ligands, in which the synthesis, total structure determination and various properties are covered. We hope that this review will provide insights into the rational design of N donor-protected metal nanoclusters in terms of structural and functional modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Fu Yuan
- Department of Chemistry Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China.,College of Chemistry and Materials Science and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Di Liu
- Department of Chemistry Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zong-Jie Guan
- Department of Chemistry Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Quan-Ming Wang
- Department of Chemistry Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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9
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Luong LM, Carroll XB, Lowe CD, Olmstead MM, Balch AL. Crystallographic studies of the structures of Au11(PPh3)7(SCN)3. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2021.120682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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10
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Xu D, Yang Y, Fan W, He Z, Zou J, Feng L, Li MB, Wu Z. Single, Self-Born RP-Au-PR Motif Boosts 19-Fold Photoluminescence Quantum Yield of Metal Nanocluster. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/a21110499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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11
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Li Z, Zhang X, Shi Q, Gong X, Xu H, Li G. Morphology effect of ceria supports on gold nanocluster catalyzed CO oxidation. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:7002-7006. [PMID: 36132362 PMCID: PMC9417965 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00680k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The interfacial perimeter is generally viewed as the catalytically active site for a number of chemical reactions over oxide-supported nanogold catalysts. Here, well-defined CeO2 nanocubes, nanorods and nanopolyhedra are chosen to accommodate atomically precise clusters (e.g. Au25(PET)18) to give different Au cluster-CeO2 interfaces. TEM images show that Au particles of ∼1.3 nm are uniformly anchored on the ceria surface after annealing in air at 120 °C, which can rule out the size hierarchy of nanogold in CO oxidation studies. The gold nanoclusters are only immobilized on the CeO2(200) facet in Au25/CeO2-C, while they are selectively loaded on CeO2(002) and (111) in the Au25/CeO2-R and Au25/CeO2-P catalysts. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and in situ infrared CO adsorption experiments clearly demonstrate that the gold species in the Au25/CeO2 samples are similar and partially charged (Au δ+, where 0 < δ < 1). It is observed that the catalytic activity decreases in the order of Au/CeO2-R ≈ Au/CeO2-P > Au/CeO4-C in the CO oxidation. And the apparent activation energy over Au25/CeO2-C (60.5 kJ mol-1) is calculated to be about two-fold of that over the Au25/CeO2-R (28.6 kJ mol-1) and Au25/CeO2-P (31.3 kJ mol-1) catalysts. It is mainly tailored by the adsorbed [O] species on the ceria surface, namely, Au25/CeO2(002) and Au25/CeO2(111) which were more active than the Au25/CeO2(200) system in the CO oxidation. These insights at the molecular level may provide guidelines for the design of new oxide-supported nanogold catalysts for aerobic oxidations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Li
- College of Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Hohhot 010018 China
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- College of Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Hohhot 010018 China
| | - Quanquan Shi
- College of Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Hohhot 010018 China
| | - Xia Gong
- College of Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Hohhot 010018 China
| | - Hui Xu
- College of Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Hohhot 010018 China
| | - Gao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
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12
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Li S, Tian W, Liu Y. The ligand effect of atomically precise gold nanoclusters in tailoring catalytic properties. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:16847-16859. [PMID: 34622913 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr05232b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that surface ligands are vital layers for ligand-protected Aun nanoclusters. Improving the knowledge of the relationship between ligands and catalytic properties is a forefront research topic for Aun nanoclusters. Enormous effort has been devoted to realizing the ligand effect in synthesis, including well-controlled sizes and shapes as well as structural transformation. However, the crucial function of surface ligands has not been addressed yet in catalytic reactions. Here, this review mainly aims to summarize the recent progress concerning the influence of surface ligand layers on catalytic activity and selectivity, based on the various types of ligand protected Aun nanoclusters. Besides, the potential challenges and opportunities of Aun nanoclusters are indicated, mainly in terms of surface ligands to guide the improvement of catalytic performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuohao Li
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China.
| | - Wenjiang Tian
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China.
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13
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Nagpure AS, Gogoi P, Chilukuri SV. Active and Recyclable Gold Metal Nanoparticles Catalyst Supported on Nitrogen-Doped Mesoporous Carbon for Chemoselective Hydrogenation of Cinnamaldehyde to Cinnamyl Alcohol. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:2702-2722. [PMID: 34339087 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Several supported gold metal catalysts with different Au nanoparticles sizes were prepared and evaluated for the chemoselective hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde (CA) to cinnamyl alcohol (CAL). To investigate the structure-activity relationship, stability of catalyst, heterogeneity and recyclability, the structural characteristics of materials and Au catalysts (fresh and spent catalysts) were studied by employing variety of physico-chemical techniques. The interrelationship among Au nanoparticles size (nm) with turnover frequency (h-1 ) of Au catalysts has also been explored. Among the various Au catalysts tested, nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon (NMC) supported Au catalyst having homogeneously dispersed (78.8%) Au nanoparticles (1.6 nm) synthesized by sol-immobilization method (Au-NMC-SI) demonstrated improved catalytic activity affording 78% CAL selectivity and 94.2% CA conversion without using any promoter. Moreover, Au-NMC-SI catalyst exhibited good recyclability and stability. The catalyst synthesis approach described in this investigation opens up a novel strategy for the design of highly efficient metal nano-catalysts supported on NMC materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul S Nagpure
- Department of Chemistry Rashtrapita Mahatma Gandhi Arts & Science College, Gondwana University, Gadchiroli), Nagbhid, Dist-Chandrapur, Maharashtra, 441205, India.,Catalysis & Inorganic Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Pranjal Gogoi
- Catalysis & Inorganic Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Gaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Satyanarayana V Chilukuri
- Catalysis & Inorganic Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
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14
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Ceylan YS, Gieseking RLM. Hydride- and halide-substituted Au 9(PH 3) 83+ nanoclusters: similar absorption spectra disguise distinct geometries and electronic structures. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:17287-17299. [PMID: 34346427 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02761a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ligands dramatically affect the electronic structure of gold nanoclusters (NCs) and provide a useful handle to tune the properties required for nanomaterials that have high performance for important functions like catalysis. Recently, questions have arisen about the nature of the interactions of hydride and halide ligands with Au NCs: hydride and halide ligands have similar effects on the absorption spectra of Au9 NCs, which suggested that the interactions of the two classes of ligands with the Au core may be similar. Here, we elucidate the interactions of halide and hydride ligands with phosphine-protected gold clusters via theoretical investigations. The computed absorption spectra using time-dependent density functional theory are in reasonable agreement with the experimental spectra, confirming that the computational methods are capturing the ligand-metal interactions accurately. Despite the similarities in the absorption spectra, the hydride and halide ligands have distinct geometric and electronic effects. The hydride ligand behaves as a metal dopant and contributes its two electrons to the number of superatomic electrons, while the halides act as electron-withdrawing ligands and do not change the number of superatomic electrons. Clarifying the binding modes of these ligands will aid in future efforts to use ligand derivatization as a powerful tool to rationally design Au NCs for use in functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yavuz S Ceylan
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, USA.
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15
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Chen Q, Qin Z, Liu S, Zhu M, Li G. On the redox property of Ag 16Au 13 clusters: One-way conversion from anionic [Au 13Ag 16L 24] 3- to charge neutral [Au 13Ag 16L 24] 0. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:164308. [PMID: 33940804 DOI: 10.1063/5.0048931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The redox property of metal nanoclusters plays a pivotal role and is of particular interest in catalysis and other applications, such as aerobic oxidation, hydrogenation, and singlet oxygen generation, over intact nanoclusters. In this study, we report a one-way conversion process of the anionic [Ag16Au13L24]3- nanocluster into a charge neutral nanocluster of [Ag16Au13L24]0 via oxidation in a solution phase using H2O2 as the oxidant. Three-electron loss of [Ag16Au13L24]3- occurred during the oxidation process, which was confirmed by electron paramagnetic resonance and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry methods. The one-way conversion from [Ag16Au13L24]3- to [Ag16Au13L24]0 nanoclusters is in situ monitored by UV-visible spectroscopy. A nanocluster charge effect is manifested in the UV-visible spectra of nanoclusters; an ∼10 nm redshift is observed compared with the optical absorption spectrum of [Ag16Au13L24]3-.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Liaoning Inorganic Molecule-Based Chemical and Department of Coordination Chemistry, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoxian Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Mingchang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Liaoning Inorganic Molecule-Based Chemical and Department of Coordination Chemistry, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, People's Republic of China
| | - Gao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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16
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Wu H, Fang YG, Anumula R, Andrew GN, Cui G, Fang W, Luo Z, Yao J. A mono-copper doped undeca-gold cluster with up-converted and anti-stokes emissions of fluorescence and phosphorescence. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:5300-5306. [PMID: 33660721 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr07624d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We have synthesized single crystals of a highly stable Cu-doped undeca-gold cluster protected by both triphenylphosphine (PPh3) and 2-pyridinethiol (-SPy) ligands, formulated as [Au11Cu1(PPh3)7(SPy)3]+. This cluster (Au11Cu1 NCs for short) has a metallic core of C3v Au@Au10 with the Cu atom capped on one of the nine triangular facets and it is triply-coordinated to three N atoms of the SPy ligands of which the sulfur atom simultaneously binds to three adjacent Au atoms via singly-coordinated S-Au bonds, respectively. The other seven gold atoms form a crown structure by a link of three orthogons with common sides and are protected by seven PPh3 ligands. Besides the well-organized coordination, this Au11Cu1 nanocluster is demonstrated to exhibit superatom stability of the metallic core within 8 valence electrons (assuming that the 3 electrophilic-SPy ligands capture 3 electrons from the metal center). More interestingly, this Au11Cu1 nanocluster shows interesting emissions in both ultraviolet visible (UV-Vis) and near infrared (NIR) regions, and the emissions display novel anti-Stokes up-conversion lasing characteristics. TD-DFT calculated UV-vis and emission spectra well reproduce the experimental results, shedding light on the nature of excitation states and underlying mechanism of electronic transitions between diverse energy levels of such a monolayer-protected bimetallic cluster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiming Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) and State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100090, China.
| | - Ye-Guang Fang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Rajini Anumula
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) and State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100090, China.
| | - Gaya N Andrew
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) and State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100090, China.
| | - Ganglong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Weihai Fang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Zhixun Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) and State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100090, China.
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) and State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100090, China.
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17
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Shi Q, Qin Z, Sharma S, Li G. Recent Progress in Heterogeneous Catalysis by Atomically and Structurally Precise Metal Nanoclusters. CHEM REC 2021; 21:879-892. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Quanquan Shi
- College of Science College of Material Science and Art Design Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Hohhot 010018 China
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Zhaoxian Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Sachil Sharma
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Gao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
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18
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Yuan S, Lei Z, Guan Z, Wang Q. Atomically Precise Preorganization of Open Metal Sites on Gold Nanoclusters with High Catalytic Performance. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shang‐Fu Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Zhen Lei
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Zong‐Jie Guan
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Quan‐Ming Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
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19
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Ma X, Tang Y, Ma G, Qin L, Tang Z. Controllable synthesis and formation mechanism study of homoleptic alkynyl-protected Au nanoclusters: recent advances, grand challenges, and great opportunities. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:602-614. [PMID: 33410856 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr07499c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the past decade, atomically precise coinage metal nanoclusters have been a subject of major interest in nanoscience and nanotechnology because of their determined compositions and well-defined molecular structures, which are beneficial for establishing structure-property relationships. Recently ligand engineering has been extended to alkynyl molecules. Homoleptic alkynyl-protected Au nanoclusters (Au NCs) have emerged as a hotspot of research interest, mainly due to their unique optical properties, molecular configuration, and catalytic functionalities, and more importantly, they are used as a counterpart object for fundamental study to compare with the well-established thiolate Au NCs. In this review, we first summarize the recently reported various controllable synthetic strategies for atomically precise homoleptic-alkynyl-protected Au NCs, with particular emphasis on the ligand exchange method, direct reduction of the precursor, one-pot synthesis, and the synchronous nucleation and passivation strategy. After that, we switch our focus to the formation mechanism and structure evolution process of homoleptic alkynyl-protected Au NCs, where Au144(PA)60 and Au36(PA)24 (PA = phenylacetylide) are given as examples, along with the prediction of the possible formation mechanism of some other cluster molecules. In the end of this review, the outlook and perspective of this rapidly developing field including grand challenges and great opportunities are discussed. This review can stimulate more research efforts towards developing new synthetic strategies to enrich the limited examples and unravel the formation/growth mechanism of homoleptic alkynyl-protected Au NCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshuang Ma
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Surface Chemistry of Energy Materials and New Energy Research Institute, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Yun Tang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Surface Chemistry of Energy Materials and New Energy Research Institute, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Guanyu Ma
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Surface Chemistry of Energy Materials and New Energy Research Institute, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Lubing Qin
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Surface Chemistry of Energy Materials and New Energy Research Institute, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Zhenghua Tang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Surface Chemistry of Energy Materials and New Energy Research Institute, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China. and Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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20
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Yuan SF, Lei Z, Guan ZJ, Wang QM. Atomically Precise Preorganization of Open Metal Sites on Gold Nanoclusters with High Catalytic Performance. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:5225-5229. [PMID: 33258228 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoclusters with surface open sites are crucial for practical applications in catalysis. We have developed a surface geometric mismatch strategy by using mixed ligands of different type of hindrance. When bulky phosphine Ph3 P and planar dipyridyl amine (Hdpa) are simultaneously used, steric repulsion between the ligands will reduce the ligand coverage of gold clusters. A well-defined access granted gold nanocluster [Au23 (Ph3 P)10 (dpa)2 Cl](SO3 CF3 )2 (Au23 , dpa=dipyridylamido) has been successfully synthesized. Single crystal structural determination reveals that Au23 has eight uncoordinated gold atoms in the shape of a distorted bicapped triangular prism. The accessibility of the exposed Au atoms has been confirmed quantitatively by luminescent titration with 2-naphthalenethiol. This cluster has excellent performance toward selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde and demonstrates excellent stability due to the protection of negatively charged multidentate ligand dpa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Fu Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Lei
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zong-Jie Guan
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Quan-Ming Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
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21
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Fiorio JL, Rossi LM. Clean protocol for deoxygenation of epoxides to alkenes via catalytic hydrogenation using gold. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy01695k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Au NP catalyst combined with triethylphosphite, P(OEt)3, is remarkably more reactive than solely Au NPs for the selective deoxygenation of epoxides to alkenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhonatan L. Fiorio
- Departamento de Química Fundamental
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade de São Paulo
- São Paulo
- Brazil
| | - Liane M. Rossi
- Departamento de Química Fundamental
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade de São Paulo
- São Paulo
- Brazil
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22
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Xu L, Li Q, Li T, Chai J, Yang S, Zhu M. Construction of a new Au 27Cd 1(SAdm) 14(DPPF)Cl nanocluster by surface engineering and insight into its structure–property correlation. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qi01015h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Surface engineering with a functional DPPF ligand and Cd atom is employed on a Au38 nanocluster to obtain a Au–Cd alloy nanocluster, that is, Au27Cd1. The difference in properties between Au38 and Au27Cd1 indicates the importance of the surface structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyun Xu
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Qinzhen Li
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Tianrong Li
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Jinsong Chai
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Sha Yang
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Manzhou Zhu
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
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23
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Yin C, Liu S, Qin Z, Zhang Y, Li G, Zhao Z. Butterfly‐Like Tetranuclear Copper(I) Clusters for Efficient Alkyne Homocoupling Reactions. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengyang Yin
- Institute of Catalysis for Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shenyang Normal University Shenyang 110034 China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Institute of Catalysis for Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shenyang Normal University Shenyang 110034 China
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Zhaoxian Qin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu Normal University Jining Shi, Qufu 273165 China
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Yifei Zhang
- Institute of Catalysis for Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shenyang Normal University Shenyang 110034 China
| | - Gao Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu Normal University Jining Shi, Qufu 273165 China
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Institute of Catalysis for Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shenyang Normal University Shenyang 110034 China
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24
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Atomically precise nanoclusters with reversible isomeric transformation for rotary nanomotors. Nat Commun 2020; 11:6019. [PMID: 33243987 PMCID: PMC7693277 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19789-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermal-stimuli responsive nanomaterials hold great promise in designing multifunctional intelligent devices for a wide range of applications. In this work, a reversible isomeric transformation in an atomically precise nanocluster is reported. We show that biicosahedral [Au13Ag12(PPh3)10Cl8]SbF6 nanoclusters composed of two icosahedral Au7Ag6 units by sharing one common Au vertex can produce two temperature-responsive conformational isomers with complete reversibility, which forms the basis of a rotary nanomotor driven by temperature. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis on the reversible isomeric transformation demonstrates that the Gibbs free energy is the driving force for the transformation. This work offers a strategy for rational design and development of atomically precise nanomaterials via ligand tailoring and alloy engineering for a reversible stimuli-response behavior required for intelligent devices. The two temperature-driven, mutually convertible isomers of the nanoclusters open up an avenue to employ ultra-small nanoclusters (1 nm) for the design of thermal sensors and intelligent catalysts. Atomically precise metal nanoclusters are an emerging class of precision nanomaterials and hold potential in many applications. Here, the authors devise a [Au13Ag12(PPh3)10Cl8]+ nanocluster with two conformational isomers that can reversibly convert in response to temperature, and hence acts as a rotary nanomotor.
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25
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Jin R, Li G, Sharma S, Li Y, Du X. Toward Active-Site Tailoring in Heterogeneous Catalysis by Atomically Precise Metal Nanoclusters with Crystallographic Structures. Chem Rev 2020; 121:567-648. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rongchao Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Gao Li
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, China
| | - Sachil Sharma
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, China
| | - Yingwei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Xiangsha Du
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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26
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Sun Y, Cheng X, Zhang Y, Tang A, Cai X, Liu X, Zhu Y. Precisely modulating the surface sites on atomically monodispersed gold-based nanoclusters for controlling their catalytic performances. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:18004-18012. [PMID: 32870213 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr04871b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Atomically precise gold nanoclusters protected by ligands are being intensely investigated in current catalysis science, due to the definitive correlation between the catalytic properties and structures at an atomic level. By solving the crystal structures of the nanoclusters, coupled with in situ and ex situ spectroscopy, a very fundamental understanding can be achieved to learn what controls the catalytic activation, active site structure, and catalytic mechanism. Herein, we mainly focus on the recent progress in catalysis controlled by precisely modulating the surface structures of the nanoclusters, including the alteration of the surface motifs, the doping of heterogeneous atoms in the surface of the nanoclusters, and the surface ligand engineering. The article is expected to help not only gain deep insight into the crucial roles of surface motifs of the nanoclusters in regulating the catalytic properties, but also explore the wide catalytic applications of atomically precise nanoclusters by elaborately tailoring the surface of the nanoclusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongnan Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Xinglian Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Yuying Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Ancheng Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Xiao Cai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Xu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Yan Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
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27
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Truttmann V, Herzig C, Illes I, Limbeck A, Pittenauer E, Stöger-Pollach M, Allmaier G, Bürgi T, Barrabés N, Rupprechter G. Ligand engineering of immobilized nanoclusters on surfaces: ligand exchange reactions with supported Au 11(PPh 3) 7Br 3. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:12809-12816. [PMID: 32319978 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr10353h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The properties of gold nanoclusters, apart from being size-dependent, are strongly related to the nature of the protecting ligand. Ligand exchange on Au nanoclusters has been proven to be a powerful tool for tuning their properties, but has so far been limited to dissolved clusters in solution. By supporting the clusters previously functionalized in solution, it is uncertain that the functionality is still accessible once the cluster is on the surface. This may be overcome by introducing the desired functionality by ligand exchange after the cluster deposition on the support material. We herein report the first successful ligand exchange on supported (immobilized) Au11 nanoclusters. Dropcast films of Au11(PPh3)7Br3 on planar oxide surfaces were shown to react with thiol ligands, resulting in clusters with a mixed ligand shell, with both phosphines and thiolates being present. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and infrared spectroscopy confirmed that the exchange just takes place on the cluster dropcast. Contrary to systems in solution, the size of the clusters did not increase during ligand exchange. Different structures/compounds were formed depending on the nature of the incoming ligand. The feasibility to extend ligand engineering to supported nanoclusters is proven and it may allow controlled nanocluster functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Truttmann
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/165, 1060 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Christopher Herzig
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/164, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ivonne Illes
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/164, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Limbeck
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/164, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ernst Pittenauer
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/164, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Stöger-Pollach
- University Service Center for Transmission Electron Microscopy (USTEM), Technische Universität Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Günter Allmaier
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/164, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Bürgi
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Noelia Barrabés
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/165, 1060 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Günther Rupprechter
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/165, 1060 Vienna, Austria.
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28
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Au Nanoparticles Confined in SBA-15 as a Highly Efficient and Stable Catalyst for Hydrogenation of Quinoline to 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroquinoline. Catal Letters 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-020-03190-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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29
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Yang D, Pei W, Zhou S, Zhao J, Ding W, Zhu Y. Controllable Conversion of CO2on Non‐Metallic Gold Clusters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:1919-1924. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201913635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yang
- Key Lab of Mesoscopic ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Wei Pei
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron BeamsDalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Si Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron BeamsDalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Jijun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron BeamsDalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Weiping Ding
- Key Lab of Mesoscopic ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Key Lab of Mesoscopic ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
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30
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Yang D, Pei W, Zhou S, Zhao J, Ding W, Zhu Y. Controllable Conversion of CO2on Non‐Metallic Gold Clusters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201913635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yang
- Key Lab of Mesoscopic ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Wei Pei
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron BeamsDalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Si Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron BeamsDalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Jijun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron BeamsDalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Weiping Ding
- Key Lab of Mesoscopic ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Key Lab of Mesoscopic ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
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31
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Zhang L, Zhou M, Wang A, Zhang T. Selective Hydrogenation over Supported Metal Catalysts: From Nanoparticles to Single Atoms. Chem Rev 2019; 120:683-733. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 509] [Impact Index Per Article: 101.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Maoxiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Aiqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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32
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Exposing the Delocalized Cu−S π Bonds on the Au
24
Cu
6
(SPh
t
Bu)
22
Nanocluster and Its Application in Ring‐Opening Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201907609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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33
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Chai J, Yang S, Lv Y, Chong H, Yu H, Zhu M. Exposing the Delocalized Cu−S π Bonds on the Au
24
Cu
6
(SPh
t
Bu)
22
Nanocluster and Its Application in Ring‐Opening Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:15671-15674. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201907609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Chai
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials Anhui University Hefei Anhui 230601 China
| | - Sha Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials Anhui University Hefei Anhui 230601 China
| | - Ying Lv
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials Anhui University Hefei Anhui 230601 China
| | - Hanbao Chong
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials Anhui University Hefei Anhui 230601 China
| | - Haizhu Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials Anhui University Hefei Anhui 230601 China
| | - Manzhou Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials Anhui University Hefei Anhui 230601 China
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34
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Shi Y, Tian S, Shi Q, Zhang Y, Waheed A, Cao Y, Li G. Cascade aldol condensation of an aldehyde via the aerobic oxidation of ethanol over an Au/NiO composite. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:3654-3659. [PMID: 36133540 PMCID: PMC9418894 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00412b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of liquid biofuels (C11-C13) from cellulosic ethanol is regarded as a promising and versatile protocol. In this study, oxide-supported nanogold catalysts exhibit good catalytic performance in ethanol conversion with cinnamaldehyde and finally give rise to the C11-C13 hydrocarbon. High selectivity (70%) for C11-C13 hydrocarbons is achieved over Au/NiO via a one-pot cascade reaction, viz. cross-aldol condensations in the presence of oxygen and base (K2CO3) and then full hydrodeoxygenation with hydrogen gas. EtOH-TPD and TGA analyses show that the ethanol is activated to acetaldehyde (CH3CHO*) over the surface oxygen vacancies of the NiO support. The CH3CHO* then reacts with cinnamaldehyde at the interfacial perimeter of the Au/NiO composite during the cascade reactions, as evidenced by comparison of the catalytic performance with that over another oxide-supported Au NP, chemo-adsorption investigations, and in situ infrared spectroscopy investigations. This work may provide new guidelines for designing efficient catalysts to convert bioethanol into biofuels with high energy density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Shi
- College of Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Hohhot 010018 China
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Shanli Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Quanquan Shi
- College of Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Hohhot 010018 China
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Yifei Zhang
- Institute of Catalysis for Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenyang Normal University Shenyang 110034 China
| | - Ammara Waheed
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Youhai Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Gao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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35
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Qin Z, Zhao D, Zhao L, Xiao Q, Wu T, Zhang J, Wan C, Li G. Tailoring the stability, photocatalysis and photoluminescence properties of Au 11 nanoclusters via doping engineering. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:2529-2536. [PMID: 36132741 PMCID: PMC9417908 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00234k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Dopants in gold nanoclusters have been proved to mediate the intrinsic electronic properties of homo-clusters. In this work, we report the precise synthesis of atomically precise Au8Ag3(PPh3)7Cl3 alloy nanoclusters with multiple Ag dopants for the first time. Their structure was resolved by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. Au8Ag3(PPh3)7Cl3 nanoclusters possessed a similar structure topology to the well-known Au11(PPh3)7Cl3 nanoclusters. It is observed that the three Ag atoms were fixed at the cluster surface and bound selectively with the chlorine ligands in a C3-axis manner. The alloy nanoclusters exhibited a closed-shell electronic structure (i.e., 8(Au 6s1) + 3(Ag 5s1) - 3(Cl) = 8e), as evidenced by electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The photothermodynamic stability of alloy clusters was remarkably improved (e.g., full decomposition after 7 days under sunlight irradiation vs. 3 days for Au11(PPh3)7Cl3 clusters). DFT calculations indicated that the Ag dopants in a C3-axis manner could obviously delocalize the electrons of Au to the orbitals of P atoms and then mediate the electronic property of the clusters. Shrinkage of the HOMO-LUMO gap to 1.67 eV of Au8Ag3(PPh3)7Cl3 was observed as compared with that of homo-nanoclusters of Au11(PPh3)7Cl3 (2.06 eV). The electrochemical gap of Au8Ag3(PPh3)7Cl3 alloy nanoclusters was 1.272 V, which was higher than that of Au11(PPh3)7Cl3 nanoclusters, which indicated higher electrochemical stability, as evidenced by the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) method. Au8Ag3(PPh3)7Cl3 clusters exhibited three specific photoluminescence peaks at 405, 434 and 454 nm. AuAg alloy clusters exhibited twofold greater activity than homo gold clusters in the photooxidation of benzylamine, which was mainly due to the unique electronic properties of the alloy clusters. Controllable heteroatom doping engineering is a powerful method to tune the electronic properties of clusters, and then improve their photothermodynamic and electrochemical stability simultaneously for potential photocatalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxian Qin
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China https://publons.com/a/1297379
| | - Dan Zhao
- School of Marine Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University Dalian 116023 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 P. R. China
| | - Li Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 P. R. China
| | - Qian Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 P. R. China
| | - Tingting Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China https://publons.com/a/1297379
- School of Marine Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University Dalian 116023 P. R. China
| | - Jiangwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China https://publons.com/a/1297379
| | - Chongqing Wan
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Gao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China https://publons.com/a/1297379
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36
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Zhao J, Ge L, Yuan H, Liu Y, Gui Y, Zhang B, Zhou L, Fang S. Heterogeneous gold catalysts for selective hydrogenation: from nanoparticles to atomically precise nanoclusters. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:11429-11436. [PMID: 31183476 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr03182k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanocatalysts with different sizes (nanoparticles and nanoclusters) show different catalytic performances for various selective hydrogenation reactions. The recent breakthrough in a controllable synthesis of atomically precise gold nanoclusters provides unprecedented opportunities for understanding the catalytic behavior at the atomic/molecular levels. Herein, we review the progress in catalytic hydrogenation over gold nanoparticles and atomically precise gold nanoclusters in the last five years. We also compare the results obtained from different reactions so that a better understanding of their catalytic behavior can be obtained. Finally, we provide some future perspectives on gold nanocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Zhao
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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37
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Shi Q, Qin Z, Xu H, Li G. Heterogeneous Cross-Coupling over Gold Nanoclusters. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E838. [PMID: 31159397 PMCID: PMC6630966 DOI: 10.3390/nano9060838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Au clusters with the precise numbers of gold atoms, a novel nanogold material, have recently attracted increasing interest in the nanoscience because of very unique and unexpected properties. The unique interaction and electron transfer between gold clusters and reactants make the clusters promising catalysts during organic transformations. The AunLm nanoclusters (where L represents organic ligands and n and m mean the number of gold atoms and ligands, respectively) have been well investigated and developed for selective oxidation, hydrogenation, photo-catalysis, and so on. These gold clusters possess unique frameworks, providing insights into the catalytic processes and an excellent arena to correlate the atomic frameworks with their intrinsic catalytic properties and to further investigate the tentative reaction mechanisms. This review comprehensively summarizes the very latest advances in the catalytic applications of the Au nanoclusters for the C-C cross-coupling reactions, e.g., Ullmann, Sonogashira, Suzuki cross-couplings, and A3-coupling reactions. It is found that the proposed catalytically active sites are associated with the exposure of gold atoms on the surface of the metal core when partial capping organic ligands are selectively detached under the reaction conditions. Finally, the tentative catalytic mechanisms over the ligand-capped Au nanoclusters and the relationship of structure and catalytic performances at the atomic level using computational methods are explored in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanquan Shi
- College of Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Zhaoxian Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Hui Xu
- College of Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.
| | - Gao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
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38
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Lotfi S, Abbaspour M. Investigation of temperature and pressure effects on thermodynamics and structural properties of gold nanoparticles formed during the gas condensation procedure. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.02.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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39
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Du Y, Sheng H, Astruc D, Zhu M. Atomically Precise Noble Metal Nanoclusters as Efficient Catalysts: A Bridge between Structure and Properties. Chem Rev 2019; 120:526-622. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 526] [Impact Index Per Article: 105.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxin Du
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Hongting Sheng
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Didier Astruc
- Université de Bordeaux, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, Talence 33405 Cedex, France
| | - Manzhou Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
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40
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Rong MK, Holtrop F, Slootweg JC, Lammertsma K. Enlightening developments in 1,3-P,N-ligand-stabilized multinuclear complexes: A shift from catalysis to photoluminescence. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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41
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Liang W, Zhang T, Liu Y, Huang Y, Liu Z, Liu Y, Yang B, Zhou X, Zhang J. Polydimethylsiloxane Sponge-Supported Nanometer Gold: Highly Efficient Recyclable Catalyst for Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling in Water. CHEMSUSCHEM 2018; 11:3586-3590. [PMID: 30125475 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201801180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS, a stable hydrophobic polymer material) sponge-supported nanometer-sized gold can be used as a highly efficient recyclable catalyst for cross-dehydrogenative coupling of tertiary amines with various nucleophiles in water. This PDMS sponge nanometer gold catalyst can provide much better activity than the free nanometer gold in water. The reaction can be scaled up by using an easy-to-build continuous flow reactor. These results indicate the potential application of porous hydrophobic PDMS sponge material as a promising support for highly efficient recyclable catalysts in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Liang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Teng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Yufei Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Yuxing Huang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Zhipeng Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Yizhen Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Bo Yang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Xuechang Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Junmin Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
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42
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Yang S, Chen S, Xiong L, Liu C, Yu H, Wang S, Rosi NL, Pei Y, Zhu M. Total Structure Determination of Au16(S-Adm)12 and Cd1Au14(StBu)12 and Implications for the Structure of Au15(SR)13. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:10988-10994. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b04257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sha Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Lin Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of MOE, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Chong Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Haizhu Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Shuxin Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Nathaniel L. Rosi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Yong Pei
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of MOE, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Manzhou Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
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43
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Nasaruddin RR, Chen T, Yan N, Xie J. Roles of thiolate ligands in the synthesis, properties and catalytic application of gold nanoclusters. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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44
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Zhang G, Wang R, Li G. Non-metallic gold nanoclusters for oxygen activation and aerobic oxidation. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2018.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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45
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Li Z, Li W, Abroshan H, Ge Q, Li G, Jin R. Dual effects of water vapor on ceria-supported gold clusters. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:6558-6565. [PMID: 29577145 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr09447g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Atomically precise nanocatalysts are currently being intensely pursued in catalysis research. Such nanocatalysts can serve as model catalysts for gaining fundamental insights into catalytic processes. In this work we report a discovery that water vapor provokes the mild removal of surface long-chain ligands on 25-atom Au25(SC12H25)18 nanoclusters in a controlled manner. Using the resultant Au25(SC12H25)18-x/CeO2 catalyst and CO oxidation as a probe reaction, we found that the catalytic activity of cluster/CeO2 is enhanced from nearly zero conversion of CO (in the absence of water) to 96.2% (in the presence of 2.3 vol% H2O) at the same temperature (100 °C). The cluster catalysts exhibit high stability during the CO oxidation process under moisture conditions (up to 20 vol% water vapor). Water vapor plays a dual role in gold cluster-catalyzed CO oxidation. FT-IR and XPS analyses in combination with density functional theory (DFT) simulations suggest that the "-SC12H25" ligands are easier to be removed under a water vapor atmosphere, thus generating highly active sites. Moreover, the O22- peroxide species constitutes the active oxygen species in CO oxidation, evidenced by Raman spectroscopy analysis and isotope experiments on the CeO2 and cluster/CeO2. The results also indicate the perimeter sites of the interface of Au25(SC12H25)18-x/CeO2 to be active sites for catalytic CO oxidation. The controlled exposure of active sites under mild conditions is of critical importance for the utilization of clusters in catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
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46
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Li DD, Zhang JW, Cai C. Chemoselective hydrogenation of nitroarenes catalyzed by cellulose-supported Pd NPs. CATAL COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2017.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
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47
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Ren X, Fu J, Lin X, Fu X, Yan J, Wu R, Liu C, Huang J. Cluster-to-cluster transformation among Au6, Au8 and Au11 nanoclusters. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:7487-7491. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01417e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This manuscript demonstrates the cluster-to-cluster transformations among three gold nanoclusters, which were all monitored and corroborated using UV-Vis spectroscopy and ESI-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqing Ren
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering
- Changchun University of Science and Technology
- Changchun
- China
- Gold Catalysis Research Center
| | - Junhong Fu
- Gold Catalysis Research Center
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian
| | - Xinzhang Lin
- Gold Catalysis Research Center
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian
| | - Xuemei Fu
- Gold Catalysis Research Center
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian
| | - Jinghui Yan
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering
- Changchun University of Science and Technology
- Changchun
- China
| | - Ren'an Wu
- Laboratory of High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Technologies
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian
- China
| | - Chao Liu
- Gold Catalysis Research Center
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian
| | - Jiahui Huang
- Gold Catalysis Research Center
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian
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48
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Zhang J, Li Z, Huang J, Liu C, Hong F, Zheng K, Li G. Size dependence of gold clusters with precise numbers of atoms in aerobic oxidation of d-glucose. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:16879-16886. [PMID: 29075729 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr06566c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Size-dependence is an important factor in gold nanocatalysis. In this study, we explored the catalytic performance of atomically precise Aun(PET)m nanocluster catalysts (where, PET = phenylethanethiolate) of different gold atoms and sizes, including Au25(PET)18 (∼1.2 nm), Au38(PET)24 (∼1.5 nm), and Au144(PET)60 (∼1.9 nm) nanoclusters. These Aun(PET)m gold clusters, immobilized on activated carbon (AC) and used as heterogeneous catalysts, were characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM), BET as well as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). They showed good catalytic activity in the aerobic oxidation of d-glucose into gluconic acid (or gluconates) with ∼98% selectivity. We observed a distinct size dependence of the gold nanocluster in the oxidation reactions, which follows as Au144(PET)60/AC > Au38(PET)24/AC > Au25(PET)18/AC. It was primarily determined by the surface area of the nanoscopic Au nanocluster. Further, the turnover frequency (TOF) for the Au144(PET)60/AC catalyst was found to be 2.3 s-1, which is comparable with that for Au/EC300 and much higher than those for the commercial Pd/AC and Pd-Bi/AC catalysts under the identical reaction conditions. On the whole, the core size of the gold nanoclusters played an important role in the catalytic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junying Zhang
- Gold Catalysis Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
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49
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Liu C, Zhang J, Huang J, Zhang C, Hong F, Zhou Y, Li G, Haruta M. Efficient Aerobic Oxidation of Glucose to Gluconic Acid over Activated Carbon-Supported Gold Clusters. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:1976-1980. [PMID: 28349650 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201700407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The catalytic performance of the atomically precise gold cluster-Au38 (PET)24 (PET=2-phenylethanethiolate), immobilized on activated carbon (AC), was investigated for the aerobic oxidation of glucose to gluconic acid. The Au38 (PET)24 /AC-120 catalysts, annealed at 120 °C in air, exhibited high catalytic activity and significantly better performance than the corresponding catalysts Au38 /AC-150 and Au38 /AC-300 (treated at 150 and 300 °C to remove the protecting thiolate ligands). The high activity of the robust Au cluster was a result of the partial ligand removal, providing catalytically active sites, which were evidenced by TEM, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy. Au38 (PET)24 /AC-120 also showed excellent recyclability (up to seven cycles). The turnover frequency for the Au38 (PET)24 /AC-120 catalyst was 5440 h-1 , which is higher than for the Pd/AC, Pd-Bi/AC, and Au/AC under identical reaction conditions. This new ultra-small gold nanomaterial is expected to find wide application in other catalytic oxidations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- Gold Catalysis Research Centre, State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Junying Zhang
- Gold Catalysis Research Centre, State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Jiahui Huang
- Gold Catalysis Research Centre, State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Chaolei Zhang
- Gold Catalysis Research Centre, State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Feng Hong
- Gold Catalysis Research Centre, State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Gold Catalysis Research Centre, State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Gao Li
- Gold Catalysis Research Centre, State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Masatake Haruta
- Gold Catalysis Research Centre, State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
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Chen H, Liu C, Wang M, Zhang C, Luo N, Wang Y, Abroshan H, Li G, Wang F. Visible Light Gold Nanocluster Photocatalyst: Selective Aerobic Oxidation of Amines to Imines. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b03509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean
Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Liu
- Gold
Catalysis Research Centre, State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian
Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean
Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chaofeng Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean
Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nengchao Luo
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean
Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yehong Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean
Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hadi Abroshan
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Gao Li
- Gold
Catalysis Research Centre, State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian
Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean
Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
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