1
|
Zhang L, Zhou R, Fu X, Zhang G, Zhang L, Zhou SF, Jiang W. Specific coenzyme preference switching for an aldo-keto reductase that synthesizes the chiral intermediate of duloxetine. Enzyme Microb Technol 2023; 171:110326. [PMID: 37717530 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2023.110326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of chiral intermediates for the traditional antidepressant duloxetine has gained significant attention as the number of depressed patients continues to grow. S-N, N-Dimethyl-3-hydroxy-3-(2-thienyl)-1-propanamide (S-DHTP) is a critical intermediate in the synthesis of duloxetine, and the chemical synthesis process is complex and environmentally unfriendly. Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) is a major cost driver in the biocatalytic production of S-DHTP from N, N-Dimethyl-3-keto-3-(2-thienyl)-1-propanamide (DKTP). Here, we successfully modified the coenzyme preference of an aldo-keto reductase (AKR7-2-1) to use the cheaper reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) through a coenzyme preference modification approach. We utilized protein engineering to create a superior mutant, Y53F, which increased the coenzyme specificity of AKR7-2-1 by 875-fold and improved its thermal stability, enhancing its potential for industrial applications. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed to demonstrate the effect of mutations at key sites on the protein, revealing the altered coenzyme preference and increased thermal stability from structural and energetic changes. This study validates the viability of the coenzyme preference modification strategy for aldo-keto reductase, offering valuable insights for fellow researchers and guiding future investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingzhi Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian Province, PR China
| | - Rui Zhou
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian Province, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Fu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian Province, PR China
| | - Guangya Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian Province, PR China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, No. 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Shu-Feng Zhou
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian Province, PR China.
| | - Wei Jiang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian Province, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sharma VK, Hutchison JM, Allgeier AM. Redox Biocatalysis: Quantitative Comparisons of Nicotinamide Cofactor Regeneration Methods. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202200888. [PMID: 36129761 PMCID: PMC10029092 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202200888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic processes, particularly those capable of performing redox reactions, have recently been of growing research interest. Substrate specificity, optimal activity at mild temperatures, high selectivity, and yield are among the desirable characteristics of these oxidoreductase catalyzed reactions. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) or NAD(P)H-dependent oxidoreductases have been extensively studied for their potential applications like biosynthesis of chiral organic compounds, construction of biosensors, and pollutant degradation. One of the main challenges associated with making these processes commercially viable is the regeneration of the expensive cofactors required by the enzymes. Numerous efforts have pursued enzymatic regeneration of NAD(P)H by coupling a substrate reduction with a complementary enzyme catalyzed oxidation of a co-substrate. While offering excellent selectivity and high total turnover numbers, such processes involve complicated downstream product separation of a primary product from the coproducts and impurities. Alternative methods comprising chemical, electrochemical, and photochemical regeneration have been developed with the goal of enhanced efficiency and operational simplicity compared to enzymatic regeneration. Despite the goal, however, the literature rarely offers a meaningful comparison of the total turnover numbers for various regeneration methodologies. This comprehensive Review systematically discusses various methods of NAD(P)H cofactor regeneration and quantitatively compares performance across the numerous methods. Further, fundamental barriers to enhanced cofactor regeneration in the various methods are identified, and future opportunities are highlighted for improving the efficiency and sustainability of commercially viable oxidoreductase processes for practical implementation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor K Sharma
- Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, The University of Kansas, 1530 W 15th St, 66045, Lawrence, Kansas, United States
| | - Justin M Hutchison
- Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, The University of Kansas, 1530 W 15th St, 66045, Lawrence, Kansas, United States
| | - Alan M Allgeier
- Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, The University of Kansas, 1530 W 15th St, 66045, Lawrence, Kansas, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Song H, Zhou X, Zhu Z. An integrated NAD +-dependent dehydrogenase-based biosensor for xylose fermentation sample analysis. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 193:113573. [PMID: 34425520 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
NAD+-dependent dehydrogenase-based biosensors usually suffer from the low accuracy due to the interference of cofactors in the complex environment, such as fermentation samples. Herein, we demonstrate the example of an integrated biosensor device that can be applied for analyzing xylose fermentation samples. The device is composed of one chamber for the elimination of NAD+ and NADH in the fermentation broth and another chamber for the sample analysis. In the first chamber, a cyclic voltammetry method coupled with Ni foam as a working electrode was proven to be effective in removing NAD+ and NADH in the fermentation broth. In the other chamber, xylose dehydrogenase, as the recognition element, and diaphorase, used for the regeneration of bioactive NAD+ mediated by vitamin K3, were co-immobilized on the surface of the magnetic nanoparticles, which was further coated onto a magnetic glassy carbon electrode. The detection range of the constructed biosensor was from 0.5 to 10 g L-1 with a detection limit of 0.01 g L-1 at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3. Moreover, the biosensor achieved high selectivity, recovery, reproducibility, and good long-time stability when analyzing real xylose fermentation samples, suggesting its promising application potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Song
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West Seventh Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, PR China
| | - Xigui Zhou
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West Seventh Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, PR China
| | - Zhiguang Zhu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West Seventh Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, PR China; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, PR China; National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Qin Z, Yu S, Chen J, Zhou J. Dehydrogenases of acetic acid bacteria. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 54:107863. [PMID: 34793881 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Acetic acid bacteria (AAB) are a group of bacteria that can oxidize many substrates such as alcohols and sugar alcohols and play important roles in industrial biotechnology. A majority of industrial processes that involve AAB are related to their dehydrogenases, including PQQ/FAD-dependent membrane-bound dehydrogenases and NAD(P)+-dependent cytoplasmic dehydrogenases. These cofactor-dependent dehydrogenases must effectively regenerate their cofactors in order to function continuously. For PQQ, FAD and NAD(P)+ alike, regeneration is directly or indirectly related to the electron transport chain (ETC) of AAB, which plays an important role in energy generation for aerobic cell growth. Furthermore, in changeable natural habitats, ETC components of AAB can be regulated so that the bacteria survive in different environments. Herein, the progressive cascade in an application of AAB, including key dehydrogenases involved in the application, regeneration of dehydrogenase cofactors, ETC coupling with cofactor regeneration and ETC regulation, is systematically reviewed and discussed. As they have great application value, a deep understanding of the mechanisms through which AAB function will not only promote their utilization and development but also provide a reference for engineering of other industrial strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Qin
- School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Shiqin Yu
- School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jian Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liao HX, Jia HY, Dai JR, Zong MH, Li N. Bioinspired Cooperative Photobiocatalytic Regeneration of Oxidized Nicotinamide Cofactors for Catalytic Oxidations. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:1687-1691. [PMID: 33559949 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202100184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by water-forming NAD(P)H oxidases, a cooperative photobiocatalytic system has been designed to aerobically regenerate the oxidized nicotinamide cofactors. Photocatalysts enable NAD(P)H oxidation with O2 under visible-light irradiation, producing H2 O2 as a byproduct, which is subsequently used as an oxidant by the horseradish peroxidase mediator system (PMS) to oxidize NAD(P)H. The photobiocatalytic system shows a turnover frequency of 8800 min-1 in the oxidation of NAD(P)H. Photobiocatalytic NAD(P)H oxidation proceeds smoothly at pH 6-9. In addition to natural NAD(P)H, synthetic biomimetics are also good substrates for this regeneration system. Total turnover numbers of up to 180000 are obtained for the cofactor when the photobiocatalytic regeneration system is coupled with dehydrogenase-catalyzed oxidations. It may be a promising protocol to recycle the oxidized cofactors for catalytic oxidations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Xin Liao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Hao-Yu Jia
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Rong Dai
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Min-Hua Zong
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Ning Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Troiano D, Orsat V, Dumont MJ. Status of Biocatalysis in the Production of 2,5-Furandicarboxylic Acid. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Derek Troiano
- Bioresource Engineering Department, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Valérie Orsat
- Bioresource Engineering Department, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Marie-Josée Dumont
- Bioresource Engineering Department, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Enugala TR, Morató MC, Kamerlin SCL, Widersten M. The Role of Substrate-Coenzyme Crosstalk in Determining Turnover Rates in Rhodococcus ruber Alcohol Dehydrogenase. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c01654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thilak Reddy Enugala
- Department of Chemistry − BMC, Uppsala University, Box 576, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Shina C. L. Kamerlin
- Department of Chemistry − BMC, Uppsala University, Box 576, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mikael Widersten
- Department of Chemistry − BMC, Uppsala University, Box 576, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mordhorst S, Andexer JN. Round, round we go - strategies for enzymatic cofactor regeneration. Nat Prod Rep 2020; 37:1316-1333. [PMID: 32582886 DOI: 10.1039/d0np00004c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to the beginning of 2020Enzymes depending on cofactors are essential in many biosynthetic pathways of natural products. They are often involved in key steps: catalytic conversions that are difficult to achieve purely with synthetic organic chemistry. Hence, cofactor-dependent enzymes have great potential for biocatalysis, on the condition that a corresponding cofactor regeneration system is available. For some cofactors, these regeneration systems require multiple steps; such complex enzyme cascades/multi-enzyme systems are (still) challenging for in vitro biocatalysis. Further, artificial cofactor analogues have been synthesised that are more stable, show an altered reaction range, or act as inhibitors. The development of bio-orthogonal systems that can be used for the production of modified natural products in vivo is an ongoing challenge. In light of the recent progress in this field, this review aims to provide an overview of general strategies involving enzyme cofactors, cofactor analogues, and regeneration systems; highlighting the current possibilities for application of enzymes using some of the most common cofactors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silja Mordhorst
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Using enzyme cascades in biocatalysis: Highlight on transaminases and carboxylic acid reductases. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2020; 1868:140322. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2019.140322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
10
|
Morello G, Siritanaratkul B, Megarity CF, Armstrong FA. Efficient Electrocatalytic CO2 Fixation by Nanoconfined Enzymes via a C3-to-C4 Reaction That Is Favored over H2 Production. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b03532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Morello
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford 0X13QR, U.K
| | - Bhavin Siritanaratkul
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford 0X13QR, U.K
| | - Clare F. Megarity
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford 0X13QR, U.K
| | - Fraser A. Armstrong
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford 0X13QR, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Switching the substrate specificity from NADH to NADPH by a single mutation of NADH oxidase from Lactobacillus rhamnosus. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 135:328-336. [PMID: 31128193 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.05.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic NADP+ regeneration is a promising approach to produce valuable chemicals under economic conditions. Among all the enzymatic routes, using water-forming NADH oxidase is an ideal one because there is no by-product. However, most NADH oxidases have a low specific activity to NADPH. In this work, a thermostable NADH oxidase from Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LrNox) was rationally engineered to switch its specificity from NADH to NADPH. The results show that mutants D177A, G178R, D177A/G178R, D177A/G178R/L179S improved the NADPH activity by a factor of 4-6. The highest NADPH catalytic efficiency (Kcat/Km 223.71 S-1 μm-1, 47.6-fold higher than wild-type LrNox) and 51% of NADH activity retention were achieved by replacing the single amino acid Leu179 for serine (L179S) in LrNox. Modeling of L179S-NADPH complex reveals that the phosphate group of NADPH interacts with the hydroxyl of Ser179 with a strong hydrogen bond and several shorter hydrogen bonds with the amino group of Lys185 could stabilize the binding of NADPH in the L179S mutant. This work provides an efficient method for converting NAD(P)H specificity and shows that L179S mutant is a potential and efficient auxiliary enzyme for NADP+ regeneration.
Collapse
|
12
|
NADH oxidase from Lactobacillus reuteri: A versatile enzyme for oxidized cofactor regeneration. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 123:629-636. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Revised: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
13
|
Jia HY, Zong MH, Zheng GW, Li N. Myoglobin-Catalyzed Efficient In Situ Regeneration of NAD(P)+ and Their Synthetic Biomimetic for Dehydrogenase-Mediated Oxidations. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b04890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Yu Jia
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Min-Hua Zong
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Gao-Wei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ning Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hong Y, Moon Y, Choi T, Jung H, Yang S, Ahn J, Joo J, Park K, Kim Y, Bhatia SK, Lee YK, Yang Y. Enhanced production of glutaric acid by NADH oxidase and GabD‐reinforced bioconversion from
l
‐lysine. Biotechnol Bioeng 2018; 116:333-341. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.26869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun‐Gi Hong
- Department of Biological EngineeringCollege of Engineering, Konkuk UniversitySeoul Republic of Korea
| | - Yu‐Mi Moon
- Department of Biological EngineeringCollege of Engineering, Konkuk UniversitySeoul Republic of Korea
| | - Tae‐Rim Choi
- Department of Biological EngineeringCollege of Engineering, Konkuk UniversitySeoul Republic of Korea
| | - Hye‐Rim Jung
- Department of Biological EngineeringCollege of Engineering, Konkuk UniversitySeoul Republic of Korea
| | - Soo‐Yeon Yang
- Department of Biological EngineeringCollege of Engineering, Konkuk UniversitySeoul Republic of Korea
| | - Jung‐Oh Ahn
- Biotechnology Process Engineering Center, Korea Research Institute Bioscience Biotechnology, GwahangnoYuseong‐Gu Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong‐Chan Joo
- Bio‐based Chemistry Research CenterAdvanced Convergent Chemistry Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Gajeong‐roYuseong‐gu Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungmoon Park
- Department of Biological and Chemical EngineeringHongik University, Sejong, JochiwonSejong Republic of Korea
| | - Yun‐Gon Kim
- Department of Chemical EngineeringSoongsil University, Sang‐doro, Dongjak‐guSeoul South Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological EngineeringCollege of Engineering, Konkuk UniversitySeoul Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Kyung Lee
- Division of Life SciencesKorea Polar Research InstituteIncheon Republic of Korea
| | - Yung‐Hun Yang
- Department of Biological EngineeringCollege of Engineering, Konkuk UniversitySeoul Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chen H, Huang R, Kim EJ, Zhang YHPJ. Building a Thermostable Metabolon for Facilitating Coenzyme Transport and In Vitro Hydrogen Production at Elevated Temperature. CHEMSUSCHEM 2018; 11:3120-3130. [PMID: 30014617 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201801141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To facilitate coenzyme transport and in vitro enzymatic hydrogen production, a multi-enzyme metabolon comprising a miniscaffoldin containing three cohesins, a dockerin-containing mutant dehydrogenase, a dockerin-containing diaphorase, and a Histidine-tagged (His-tagged) NiFe hydrogenase was constructed. As the NiFe hydrogenase has very complicated structure and cannot be fused directly with a dockerin, a bifunctional peptide was designed. The bifunctional peptide, in which one terminus contains a modified dockerin binding the cohesin of the miniscaffoldin and the other, after chemical modification, binds the His-tag of NiFe hydrogenase, enabled His-tagged proteins to be integrated into the cohesin-dockerin-based metabolon. The metabolon exhibited an initial reaction rate 4.5 times that of the enzyme cocktail at the same enzyme loading, which indicated enhanced coenzyme transport of the metabolon. However, this metabolon was unstable owing to the degradation of the miniscaffoldin at elevated temperature. Glutaraldehyde was used to cross-link the metabolon for locking its spatial organization. The cross-linked metabolon not only exhibited 2.5 times the reaction rate of the enzyme cocktail, but also retained its stability at 70 °C. The amount of hydrogen production catalyzed by the cross-linked metabolon was nearly twice that of the metabolon without glutaraldehyde cross-linking and four times that of the enzyme cocktail at 70 °C after 22 h of reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- Biological Systems Engineering Department, Virginia Tech, 304 Seitz Hall, Blacksburg, Virginia, 24061, USA
| | - Rui Huang
- Biological Systems Engineering Department, Virginia Tech, 304 Seitz Hall, Blacksburg, Virginia, 24061, USA
| | - Eui-Jin Kim
- Biological Systems Engineering Department, Virginia Tech, 304 Seitz Hall, Blacksburg, Virginia, 24061, USA
| | - Yi-Heng P Job Zhang
- Biological Systems Engineering Department, Virginia Tech, 304 Seitz Hall, Blacksburg, Virginia, 24061, USA
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wan L, Megarity CF, Siritanaratkul B, Armstrong FA. A hydrogen fuel cell for rapid, enzyme-catalysed organic synthesis with continuous monitoring. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:972-975. [PMID: 29319070 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc08859k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A one-pot fuel cell for specific, enzyme-catalysed organic synthesis, with continuous monitoring of rate and reaction progress, combines an electrode catalysing rapid, reversible and diffusion-controlled interconversion of NADP+ and NADPH with a Pt electrode catalysing 2H+/H2 interconversion. This Communication demonstrates its performance and characteristics using the reductive amination of 2-oxoglutarate as a test system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Liu J, Wu S, Li Z. Recent advances in enzymatic oxidation of alcohols. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2017; 43:77-86. [PMID: 29258054 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic alcohol oxidation plays an important role in chemical synthesis. In the past two years, new alcohol oxidation enzymes were developed through genome-mining and protein engineering, such as new copper radical oxidases with broad substrate scope, alcohol dehydrogenases with altered cofactor preference and a flavin-dependent alcohol oxidase with enhanced oxygen coupling. New cofactor recycling methods were reported for alcohol dehydrogenase-catalyzed oxidation with photocatalyst and coupled glutaredoxin-glutathione reductase as promising examples. Different alcohol oxidation systems were used for the oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols, especially in the cascade conversion of alcohols to lactones, lactams, chiral amines, chiral alcohols and hydroxyketones. Among them, biocatalyst with low enantioselectivity demonstrated an interesting feature for complete conversion of racemic secondary alcohols through non-enantioselective oxidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 4 Engineering Drive 4, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Shuke Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 4 Engineering Drive 4, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 4 Engineering Drive 4, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Nussbaumer MG, Nguyen PQ, Tay PKR, Naydich A, Hysi E, Botyanszki Z, Joshi NS. Bootstrapped Biocatalysis: Biofilm-Derived Materials as Reversibly Functionalizable Multienzyme Surfaces. ChemCatChem 2017; 9:4328-4333. [PMID: 30519367 PMCID: PMC6277024 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201701221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cell-free biocatalysis systems offer many benefits for chemical manufacturing, but their widespread applicability is hindered by high costs associated with enzyme purification, modification, and immobilization on solid substrates, in addition to the cost of the material substrates themselves. Herein, we report a "bootstrapped" biocatalysis substrate material that is produced directly in bacterial culture and is derived from biofilm matrix proteins, which self-assemble into a nanofibrous mesh. We demonstrate that this material can simultaneously purify and immobilize multiple enzymes site specifically and directly from crude cell lysates by using a panel of genetically programmed, mutually orthogonal conjugation domains. We further demonstrate the utility of the technique in a bienzymatic stereoselective reduction coupled with a cofactor recycling scheme. The domains allow for several cycles of selective removal and replacement of enzymes under mild conditions to regenerate the catalyst system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin G Nussbaumer
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115 (USA)
- Joshi School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University Cambridge, MA 02138 (USA)
| | - Peter Q Nguyen
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115 (USA)
- Joshi School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University Cambridge, MA 02138 (USA)
| | - Pei K R Tay
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115 (USA)
- Joshi School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University Cambridge, MA 02138 (USA)
| | - Alexander Naydich
- Joshi School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University Cambridge, MA 02138 (USA)
| | - Erisa Hysi
- Joshi School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University Cambridge, MA 02138 (USA)
| | - Zsofia Botyanszki
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115 (USA)
- Joshi School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University Cambridge, MA 02138 (USA)
| | - Neel S Joshi
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115 (USA)
- Joshi School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University Cambridge, MA 02138 (USA)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Improved strategies for electrochemical 1,4-NAD(P)H 2 regeneration: A new era of bioreactors for industrial biocatalysis. Biotechnol Adv 2017; 36:120-131. [PMID: 29030132 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Industrial enzymatic reactions requiring 1,4-NAD(P)H2 to perform redox transformations often require convoluted coupled enzyme regeneration systems to regenerate 1,4-NAD(P)H2 from NAD(P) and recycle the cofactor for as many turnovers as possible. Renewed interest in recycling the cofactor via electrochemical means is motivated by the low cost of performing electrochemical reactions, easy monitoring of the reaction progress, and straightforward product recovery. However, electrochemical cofactor regeneration methods invariably produce adventitious reduced cofactor side products which result in unproductive loss of input NAD(P). We review various literature strategies for mitigating adventitious product formation by electrochemical cofactor regeneration systems, and offer insight as to how a successful electrochemical bioreactor system could be constructed to engineer efficient 1,4-NAD(P)H2-dependent enzyme reactions of interest to the industrial biocatalysis community.
Collapse
|
20
|
Jia HY, Zong MH, Yu HL, Li N. Dehydrogenase-Catalyzed Oxidation of Furanics: Exploitation of Hemoglobin Catalytic Promiscuity. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:3524-3528. [PMID: 28786206 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201701288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The catalytic promiscuity of hemoglobin (Hb) was explored for regenerating oxidized nicotinamide cofactors [NAD(P)+ ]. With H2 O2 as oxidant, Hb efficiently oxidized NAD(P)H into NAD(P)+ within 30 min. The new NAD(P)+ regeneration system was coupled with horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase (HLADH) for the oxidation of bio-based furanics such as furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). The target acids (e.g., 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, FDCA) were prepared with moderate-to-good yields. The enzymatic regeneration method was applied in l-glutamic dehydrogenase (DH)-mediated oxidative deamination of lglutamate and for l-lactic-DH-mediated oxidation of l-lactate, which furnished α-ketoglutarate and pyruvate in yields of 97 % and 81 %, respectively. A total turnover number (TTON) of up to approximately 5000 for cofactor and an E factor of less than 110 were obtained in the bi-enzymatic cascade synthesis of α-ketoglutarate. Overall, a proof-of-concept based on catalytic promiscuity of Hb was provided for in situ regeneration of NAD(P)+ in DH-catalyzed oxidation reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Yu Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510640, P.R. China
| | - Min-Hua Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510640, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Lei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P.R. China
| | - Ning Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510640, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Angelastro A, Dawson WM, Luk LYP, Loveridge EJ, Allemann RK. Chemoenzymatic Assembly of Isotopically Labeled Folates. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:13047-13054. [PMID: 28820585 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b06358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Pterin-containing natural products have diverse functions in life, but an efficient and easy scheme for their in vitro synthesis is not available. Here we report a chemoenzymatic 14-step, one-pot synthesis that can be used to generate 13C- and 15N-labeled dihydrofolates (H2F) from glucose, guanine, and p-aminobenzoyl-l-glutamic acid. This synthesis stands out from previous approaches to produce H2F in that the average yield of each step is >91% and it requires only a single purification step. The use of a one-pot reaction allowed us to overcome potential problems with individual steps during the synthesis. The availability of labeled dihydrofolates allowed the measurement of heavy-atom isotope effects for the reaction catalyzed by the drug target dihydrofolate reductase and established that protonation at N5 of H2F and hydride transfer to C6 occur in a stepwise mechanism. This chemoenzymatic pterin synthesis can be applied to the efficient production of other folates and a range of other natural compounds with applications in nutritional, medical, and cell-biological research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Angelastro
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University , Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - William M Dawson
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University , Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Louis Y P Luk
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University , Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - E Joel Loveridge
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University , Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Rudolf K Allemann
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University , Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|