1
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Qi XC, Lang F, Li C, Liu MW, Wang YF, Pang J. Synergistic Effects of MOFs and Noble Metals in Photocatalytic Reactions: Mechanisms and Applications. Chempluschem 2024:e202400158. [PMID: 38733075 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202400158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Photocatalytic technology can efficiently convert solar energy to chemical energy and this process is considered as one of the green and sustainable technology for practical implementation. In recent years, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted widespread attention due to their unique advantages and have been widely applied in the field of photocatalysis. Among them, noble metals have contributed significant advances to the field as effective catalysts in photocatalytic reactions. Importantly, noble metals can also form a synergistic catalytic effect with MOFs to further improve the efficiency of photocatalytic reactions. However, how to precisely control the synergistic effect between MOFs and noble metals to improve the photocatalytic performance of materials still needs to be further studied. In this review, the synergistic effects of MOFs and noble metal catalysts in photocatalytic reactions are firstly summarized in terms of noble metal nanoparticles, noble metal monoatoms, noble metal compounds, and noble metal complexes, and focus on the mechanisms and advantages of these synergistic effects, so as to provide useful guidance for the further research and application of MOFs and contribute to the development of the field of photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Chen Qi
- Energy & Materials Engineering Center, College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350
| | - Feifan Lang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350
| | - Cha Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350
| | - Ming-Wu Liu
- Energy & Materials Engineering Center, College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350
| | - Yu-Fen Wang
- Energy & Materials Engineering Center, College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387
| | - Jiandong Pang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350
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2
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Rehpenn A, Hindelang S, Truong KN, Pöthig A, Storch G. Enhancing Flavins Photochemical Activity in Hydrogen Atom Abstraction and Triplet Sensitization through Ring-Contraction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318590. [PMID: 38339882 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The isoalloxazine heterocycle of flavin cofactors reacts with various nucleophiles to form covalent adducts with important functions in enzymes. Molecular flavin models allow for the characterization of such adducts and the study of their properties. A fascinating set of reactions occurs when flavins react with hydroxide base, which leads to imidazolonequinoxalines, ring-contracted flavins, with so far unexplored activity. We report a systematic study of the photophysical properties of this new chromophore by absorption and emission spectroscopy as well as cyclic voltammetry. Excited, ring-contracted flavins are significantly stronger hydrogen atom abstractors when compared to the parent flavins, which allowed the direct trifluoromethylthiolation of aliphatic methine positions (bond dissociation energy (BDE) of 400.8 kJ mol-1). In an orthogonal activity, their increased triplet energy (E(S0←T1)=244 kJ mol-1) made sensitized reactions possible which exceeded the power of standard flavins. Combining both properties, ring-contracted flavin catalysts enabled the one-pot, five-step transformation of α-tropolone into trans-3,4-disubstituted cyclopentanones. We envision this new class of flavin-derived chromophores to open up new modes of reactivity that are currently impossible with unmodified flavins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Rehpenn
- Technical University of Munich (TUM), School of Natural Sciences and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Stephan Hindelang
- Technical University of Munich (TUM), School of Natural Sciences and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Khai-Nghi Truong
- Rigaku Europe SE, Hugenottenallee 167, 63263, Neu-Isenburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Pöthig
- Technical University of Munich (TUM), School of Natural Sciences and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Golo Storch
- Technical University of Munich (TUM), School of Natural Sciences and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
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3
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Dong J, Tang Z, Zou L, Zhou Y, Chen J. Visible light-induced hydrogen atom transfer trifluoromethylthiolation of aldehydes with bismuth catalyst. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:742-745. [PMID: 38116589 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05048c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
By using a combination of BiCl3 and TBACl as a ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) photocatalyst, hydrogen atom transfer trifluoromethylthiolation of aldehydes was achieved under visible light irradiation. The present method provides economical and operationally simple access to trifluoromethylthioesters using low toxicity and cost-effective bismuth catalysts under mild reaction conditions. Based on the radical trapping experiments, the direct conversion of aldehydes to acyl radicals via chlorine radicals as HAT reagents was proposed as the reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Dong
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, Yunnan Minzu University, Yuehua Street, Kunming, 650504, China.
| | - Zhuang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, Yunnan Minzu University, Yuehua Street, Kunming, 650504, China.
| | - Luqian Zou
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, Yunnan Minzu University, Yuehua Street, Kunming, 650504, China.
| | - Yongyun Zhou
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Chiral Functional Substance Research and Application, Yunnan Minzu University, Yuehua Street, Kunming, 650504, China.
| | - Jingchao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, Yunnan Minzu University, Yuehua Street, Kunming, 650504, China.
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Chiral Functional Substance Research and Application, Yunnan Minzu University, Yuehua Street, Kunming, 650504, China.
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4
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Harada S, Hirose S, Takamura M, Furutani M, Hayashi Y, Nemoto T. Silver(I)/Dirhodium(II) Catalytic Platform for Asymmetric N-H Insertion Reaction of Heteroaromatics. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:733-741. [PMID: 38149316 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal-catalyzed enantioselective N-H insertion reactions of carbene species offer a powerful and straightforward strategy to produce chiral nitrogen-containing compounds. Developing highly selective insertion reactions using indole variants can meet synthetic demand. Herein we present an asymmetric insertion reaction into N-H bonds of the aromatic heterocycles using donor/acceptor-substituted diazo compounds based on a heteronuclear catalytic platform. Although a previously developed catalysis comprising chiral silver catalyst or dirhodium(II,II) paddlewheel complexes with and without chiral phosphoric acid showed modest performance, a unique combination of widely available Rh2(OAc)4 and silver(I) phosphate dimer [(S)-TRIP-Ag]2 enabled asymmetric carbene insertion reactions (up to 98% ee). Moreover, the Ag/Rh catalytic system facilitated regioselective and enantioselective C-H functionalization of protic indoles. Mechanistic investigation based on density functional theory indicated that an in situ-generated Ag-Rh trimetallic enolate is protonated in a chiral environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Harada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Shumpei Hirose
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Mizuki Takamura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Maika Furutani
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Yuna Hayashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Nemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
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5
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Yang ML, Dong CL, Guan Z, He YH. Visible Light-Induced Hydroacylation of Benzylidenemalononitriles with Aroyl Chlorides Using Silane as a Hydrogen Donor. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 38163337 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
A novel photoredox-catalyzed direct hydroacylation of benzylidenemalononitriles is described. In this method, aroyl chlorides are employed as a readily available and affordable source of acyl groups, while commercially available tris(trimethylsilyl)silane acts as both the hydrogen atom donor and electron donor. By eliminating the requirement for complex synthesis of acyl precursors and hydrogen atom-transfer (HAT) reagents, this approach offers a convenient and efficient strategy for the hydroacylation of benzylidenemalononitriles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Lin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Chun-Lin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhi Guan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yan-Hong He
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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6
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Su J, Chen A, Zhang G, Jiang Z, Zhao J. Photocatalytic Phosphine-Mediated Thioesterification of Carboxylic Acids with Disulfides. Org Lett 2023; 25:8033-8037. [PMID: 37889086 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a practical and effective synthesis of thioesters from readily available carboxylic acids and odorless disulfides was developed under photocatalytic conditions. This approach involves phosphoranyl radical-mediated fragmentation to generate acyl radicals and allows for incorporation of both S atoms of the disulfides into the desired products. In addition to batch reactions, a continuous-flow reactor was employed, enabling rapid thioester synthesis on a gram scale. Preliminary experimental mechanistic studies and the rapid synthesis of dalcetrapib are also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqi Su
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, People's Republic of China
| | - Aobo Chen
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, People's Republic of China
| | - Guofeng Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyu Jiang
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiannan Zhao
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, People's Republic of China
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7
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Wang T, Zong YY, Feng WZ, Wu LZ, Liu Q. Visible-Light-Mediated Generation of Acyl Radicals from Triazine Esters. J Org Chem 2023; 88:12698-12708. [PMID: 37589746 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Acyl radicals are significant synthetic active species in organic synthesis. However, their generation via green and compatible methods remains challenging. Herein, we report an unprecedented visible-light-mediated approach for generating aryl acyl radicals from readily available triazine esters. This protocol with mild and redox-neutral conditions affords a diverse array of oxindoles attached to alcohol groups in a single operation. The recycling of leaving groups and a range of visible-light-mediated reactions using triazine ester as an acyl radical precursor demonstrate the synthetic potential of this methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wan-Zhong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Li-Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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8
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Kou LG, Guo SH, Gao YR, Yue T, Wang YQ. Oxidative Cleavage and Fluoromethylthiolation of C═C Bonds: A General Route toward Mono-, Di-, and Trifluoromethylthioesters from Alkenes. Org Lett 2023; 25:5984-5988. [PMID: 37548642 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
A novel oxidative cleavage and fluoromethylthiolation reaction of C═C bonds has been developed that represents the first and general method for the preparation of mono-, di-, and trifluoromethylthioesters from alkenes. The protocol features excellent product selectivity and substrate suitability. Various observations suggested that the protocol proceeded via a two-step radical process and that aldehyde was the key intermediate. What's more meaningful is that this route provides a new direction for converting alkenes into higher-value-added carbonyl-containing chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Gang Kou
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Shi-Huan Guo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Laboratory of Nutritional and Healthy Food-Individuation Manufacturing Engineering, Research Center of Food Safety Risk Assessment and Control, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Ya-Ru Gao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Tianli Yue
- College of Food Science and Technology, Laboratory of Nutritional and Healthy Food-Individuation Manufacturing Engineering, Research Center of Food Safety Risk Assessment and Control, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Yong-Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
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9
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Wu Z, Pratt DA. Radical approaches to C-S bonds. Nat Rev Chem 2023:10.1038/s41570-023-00505-x. [PMID: 37344618 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-023-00505-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Organosulfur functionalities are ubiquitous in nature, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, materials and flavourants. Historically, these moieties were introduced almost exclusively using ionic chemistry; however, radical-based methods for the installation of sulfur-based functional groups have recently come to the fore. These radical methods have enabled their late-stage introduction into complex molecules, avoiding the need to preserve labile organosulfur moieties through multistep synthetic sequences. Here, we discuss homolytic C-S bond-forming processes, with a particular emphasis on radical substitution approaches to sulfide, disulfide and sulfinyl products, and the use of sulfur dioxide and its surrogates to build sulfonyl products. We also highlight the mechanistic considerations that we hope will guide further development of radical-based strategies compatible with the various organosulfur moieties that feature in modern chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Derek A Pratt
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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10
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Man Y, Zeng X, Xu B. Synthesis of Thioesters from Aldehydes via N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) Catalyzed Radical Relay. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203716. [PMID: 36583288 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We have developed an efficient N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed thioesterification of aldehydes using N-thiosuccinimides as the thiolation reagent. This organocatalyzed transition involves the generation of sulfur radicals by single electron transfer of the Breslow enolate (generated from aldehyde and NHC catalyst) with N-thiosuccinimides. This method offers facile access to various highly functionalized thioesters and exhibits good chemical yields and functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunquan Man
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, 201620, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojun Zeng
- School of Chemistry and chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, 330031, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Bo Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, 201620, Shanghai, China
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11
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Shan X, Wang X, Chen E, Liu J, Lu K, Zhao X. Visible-Light-Promoted Trifluoromethylthiolation and Trifluoromethylselenolation of 1,4-Dihydropyridines. J Org Chem 2023; 88:319-328. [PMID: 36573495 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We report a metal-free trifluoromethylthiolation and trifluoromethylselenolation of 1,4-dihydropyridines with S-(trifluoromethyl) 4-methylbenzenesulfonothioate and Se-(trifluoromethyl) 4-methylbenzenesulfonoselenoate under visible light irradiation. This transformation was tolerated with a wide range of functional groups and provided an alternative and green strategy for the synthesis of trifluoromethylthioesters and trifluoromethylselenoesters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiwen Shan
- College of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Xiaoxing Wang
- College of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Enxue Chen
- College of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Juyan Liu
- College of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Kui Lu
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
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12
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Fan X, Sun X, Ji M, Tong H, Zhang W, Sun Z, Chu W. Visible-Light-Induced Acylative Coupling of Benzoic Acid Derivatives with Alkenes to Dihydrochalcones. Org Lett 2022; 24:7271-7275. [PMID: 36190778 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A strategy was developed for the visible-light-induced photocatalytic synthesis of dihydrochalcone via the deoxygenation and coupling of benzoic acid derivatives with alkenes using diphenyl sulfide as the O-transfer reagent. Under mild photoredox conditions, a series of dihydrochalcone derivatives were produced in moderate to good yields. A mechanism for the visible-light-induced free-radical coupling was proposed on the basis of the control experiments. The protocol provides a new strategy the generation of acyl radicals from carboxylic acids and the synthesis of dihydrochalcones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Fan
- †School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, P. R. China
| | - Xinhui Sun
- †School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, P. R. China
| | - Mengmeng Ji
- †School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, P. R. China
| | - Huixin Tong
- †School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, P. R. China
| | - Weiya Zhang
- †School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, P. R. China
| | - Zhizhong Sun
- †School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, P. R. China
| | - Wenyi Chu
- †School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, P. R. China
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13
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Schlegel M, Qian S, Nicewicz DA. Aliphatic C-H Functionalization Using Pyridine N-Oxides as H-Atom Abstraction Agents. ACS Catal 2022; 12:10499-10505. [PMID: 37727583 PMCID: PMC10508875 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The alkylation and heteroarylation of unactivated tertiary, secondary, and primary C(sp3)-H bonds was achieved by employing an acridinium photoredox catalyst along with readily available pyridine Noxides as hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) precursors under visible light. Oxygen-centered radicals, generated by single-electron oxidation of the Noxides, are the proposed key intermediates whose reactivity can be easily modified by structural adjustments. A broad range of aliphatic C-H substrates with electron-donating or -withdrawing groups as well as various olefinic radical acceptors and heteroarenes were well tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Schlegel
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Siran Qian
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - David A Nicewicz
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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14
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Varlet T, Bouchet D, Van Elslande E, Masson G. Decatungstate‐Photocatalyzed Dearomative Hydroacylation of Indoles: Direct Synthesis of 2‐Acylindolines. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201707. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Varlet
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN) CNRS University Paris-Saclay 1 Avenue de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France
| | - Damien Bouchet
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN) CNRS University Paris-Saclay 1 Avenue de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France
| | - Elsa Van Elslande
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN) CNRS University Paris-Saclay 1 Avenue de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France
| | - Géraldine Masson
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN) CNRS University Paris-Saclay 1 Avenue de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France
- HitCat Seqens-CNRS joint laboratory Seqens'Lab 8 Rue de Rouen 78440 Porcheville France
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15
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Wang B, Ascenzi Pettenuzzo C, Singh J, Mccabe GE, Clark L, Young R, Pu J, Deng Y. Photoinduced Site-Selective Functionalization of Aliphatic C–H Bonds by Pyridine N-oxide Based HAT Catalysts. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ban Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University−Purdue University Indianapolis, 402 N Blackford St., Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Cristina Ascenzi Pettenuzzo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University−Purdue University Indianapolis, 402 N Blackford St., Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Jujhar Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University−Purdue University Indianapolis, 402 N Blackford St., Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Gavin E. Mccabe
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University−Purdue University Indianapolis, 402 N Blackford St., Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Logan Clark
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University−Purdue University Indianapolis, 402 N Blackford St., Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Ryan Young
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University−Purdue University Indianapolis, 402 N Blackford St., Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Jingzhi Pu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University−Purdue University Indianapolis, 402 N Blackford St., Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Yongming Deng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University−Purdue University Indianapolis, 402 N Blackford St., Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
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Abstract
The carbonyl group stands as a fundamental scaffold and plays a ubiquitous role in synthetically important chemical reactions in both academic and industrial contexts. Venerable transformations, including the aldol reaction, Grignard reaction, Wittig reaction, and Nozaki-Hiyama-Kishi reaction, constitute a vast and empowering synthetic arsenal. Notwithstanding, two-electron mechanisms inherently confine the breadth of accessible reactivity and topological patterns.Fostered by the rapid development of photoredox catalysis, combing well-entrenched carbonyl addition and radicals can harness several unique and increasingly sustainable transformations. In particular, unusual carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom disconnections, which are out of reach of two-electron carbonyl chemistry, can be conceived. To meet this end, a novel strategy toward the utilization of simple carbonyl compounds as intermolecular radical acceptors was developed. The reaction is enabled by visible-light photoredox-initiated hole catalysis. In situ Brønsted acid activation of the carbonyl moiety prevents β-scission from occurring. Furthermore, this regioselective alkyl radical addition reaction obviates the use of metals, ligands, or additives, thus offering a high degree of atom economy under mild conditions. On the basis of the same concept and the work of Schindler and co-workers, carbonyl-olefin cross-metathesis, induced by visible light, has also been achieved, leveraging a radical Prins-elimination sequence.Recently, dual chromium and photoredox catalysis has been developed by us and Kanai, offering a complementary approach to the revered Nozaki-Hiyama-Kishi reaction. Leveraging the intertwined synergy between light and metal, several radical-to-polar crossover transformations toward eminent molecular motifs have been developed. Reactions such as the redox-neutral allylation of aldehydes and radical carbonyl alkylation can harvest the power of light and enable the use of catalytic chromium metal. Overall, exquisite levels of diastereoselectivity can be enforced via highly compact transition states. Other examples, such as the dialkylation of 1,3-dienes and radical carbonyl propargylation portray the versatile combination of radicals and carbonyl addition in multicomponent coupling endeavors. Highly valuable motifs, which commonly occur in complex drug and natural product architectures, can now be accessed in a single operational step. Going beyond carbonyl addition, seminal contributions from Fagnoni and MacMillan preconized photocatalytic HAT-based acyl radical formation as a key aldehyde valorization strategy. Our group articulated this concept, leveraging carboxy radicals as hydrogen atom abstractors in high regio- and chemoselective carbonyl alkynylation and aldehyde trifluoromethylthiolation.This Account, in addition to the narrative of our group and others' contributions at the interface between carbonyl addition and radical-based photochemistry, aims to provide core guiding foundations toward novel disruptive synthetic developments. We envisage that extending radical-to-polar crossovers beyond Nozaki-Hiyama-Kishi manifolds, taming less-activated carbonyls, leveraging multicomponent processes, and merging single electron steps with energy-transfer events will propel eminent breakthroughs in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Ming Huang
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Peter Bellotti
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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17
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Meng D, Lyu Y, Ni C, Zhou M, Li Y, Hu J. S
‐(Trifluoromethyl)Benzothioate (TFBT): A KF‐Based Reagent for Nucleophilic Trifluoromethylthiolation. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202104395. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Depei Meng
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Ling-Ling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Yichong Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Ling-Ling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Chuanfa Ni
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Ling-Ling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Min Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Ling-Ling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing 400030 P. R. China
| | - Jinbo Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Ling-Ling Road Shanghai 200032 China
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18
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Kancherla R, Muralirajan K, Rueping M. Excited-state palladium-catalysed reductive alkylation of imines: scope and mechanism. Chem Sci 2022; 13:8583-8589. [PMID: 35974758 PMCID: PMC9337745 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02363f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Palladium catalysis induced by visible-light irradiation is a promising tool for promoting unusual chemical reactivity. Here, the hybrid alkyl radical/Pd(i) species generated is used to promote the reductive alkylation of imines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kancherla
- KAUST Catalysis Center, KCC, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, KAUST, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Krishnamoorthy Muralirajan
- KAUST Catalysis Center, KCC, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, KAUST, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magnus Rueping
- KAUST Catalysis Center, KCC, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, KAUST, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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19
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Zhu C, Zhumagazy S, Yue H, Rueping M. Electrophilic N-trifluoromethylthiophthalimide as a fluorinated reagent in the synthesis of acyl fluorides. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01633d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report the deoxygenated fluorination of readily available carboxylic acids. A series of acyl fluorides have been synthesized using shelf-stable N-trifluoromethylthiophthalimide as a fluorinated reagent for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhu
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Serik Zhumagazy
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huifeng Yue
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magnus Rueping
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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20
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Deuterated N-difluoromethylthiophthalimide: A stable, scalable reagent for radical and electrophilic deuteriodifluoromethylthiolations. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Yan J, Tang H, Kuek EJR, Shi X, Liu C, Zhang M, Piper JL, Duan S, Wu J. Divergent functionalization of aldehydes photocatalyzed by neutral eosin Y with sulfone reagents. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7214. [PMID: 34893628 PMCID: PMC8664905 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27550-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
While aldehydes represent a classic class of electrophilic synthons, the corresponding acyl radicals are inherently nucleophilic, which exhibits umpolung reactivity. Generation of acyl radicals typically requires noble metal catalysts or excess oxidants to be added. Herein, we report a convenient and green approach to access acyl radicals, capitalizing on neutral eosin Y-enabled hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) photocatalysis with aldehydes. The generated acyl radicals underwent SOMOphilic substitutions with various functionalized sulfones (X-SO2R') to deliver value-added acyl products. The merger of eosin Y photocatalysis and sulfone-based SOMOphiles provides a versatile platform for a wide array of aldehydic C-H functionalizations, including fluoromethylthiolation, arylthiolation, alkynylation, alkenylation and azidation. The present protocol features green characteristics, such as being free of metals, harmful oxidants and additives; step-economic; redox-neutral; and amenable to scale-up assisted by continuous-flow technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Yan
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Haidi Tang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Republic of Singapore
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, 377 Lin Quan Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Eugene Jun Rong Kuek
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Republic of Singapore
| | - Xiangcheng Shi
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Republic of Singapore
| | - Chenguang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Republic of Singapore
| | - Muliang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Republic of Singapore.
| | - Jared L Piper
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Rd, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
| | - Shengquan Duan
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Rd, Groton, CT, 06340, USA.
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Republic of Singapore.
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, 377 Lin Quan Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
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22
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Ye Z, Lei Z, Ye X, Zhou L, Wang Y, Yuan Z, Gao F, Britton R. Decatungstate Catalyzed Synthesis of Trifluoromethylthioesters from Aldehydes via a Radical Process. J Org Chem 2021; 87:765-775. [PMID: 34882428 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Here we report a mild and general method for the trifluoromethylthiolation of aldehydes using N-trifluoromethylthiosaccharin as the CF3S radical source and sodium decatungstate (NaDT) as the photocatalyst. This reaction proceeds via hydrogen atom abstraction by photoactivated DT and features good functional groups and substrate tolerance. Generally, electron-rich aldehydes demonstrate better reactivity than electron-deficient ones and good selectivity is observed for the trifluoromethylthiolation of aldehydic C-H bonds over tertiary and benzylic C-H bonds. Preliminary mechanistic studies have shown that a free radical process is involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhegao Ye
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Ziran Lei
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Xiaodong Ye
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Liejin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Zheliang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Research Center for Experimental Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Robert Britton
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
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23
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Roy VJ, Sen PP, Raha Roy S. Visible-Light-Mediated Cross Dehydrogenative Coupling of Thiols with Aldehydes: Metal-Free Synthesis of Thioesters at Room Temperature. J Org Chem 2021; 86:16965-16976. [PMID: 34726397 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Thioesters play a crucial role in biological systems and serve as important building blocks for organic synthesis. Herein, Eosin Y and TBHP mediated photochemical cross dehydrogenative coupling (PCDC) between feedstock aldehydes and thiols has been described at room temperature to synthesize thioesters. This thioesterification protocol proceeds smoothly to give the desired products in good to excellent yields by the suitable PCDC of both alkyl/aryl- aldehydes with a variety of alkyl/aryl-thiols and generates water and tBuOH as green byproducts. This method is also found to be scalable with good efficiency. Mechanistic investigations reveal that under this photochemical condition, the formation of acyl radical can be achieved from aldehyde. This acyl radical was further intercepted with an intermediate disulfide, generated in situ via the dehydrogenation of thiol to give the desired thioester. Moreover, disulfides, which are relatively easier to handle, also provided good to excellent yields in the optimized reaction condition. This protocol was further extended toward the more challenging direct transformation of alcohols to thioesters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Jyoti Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Partha Pratim Sen
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Sudipta Raha Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
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24
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Huang Y, Hou J, Zhan LW, Zhang Q, Tang WY, Li BD. Photoredox Activation of Formate Salts: Hydrocarboxylation of Alkenes via Carboxyl Group Transfer. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c04684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Jing Hou
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Le-Wu Zhan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Wan-Ying Tang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Bin-Dong Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
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25
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Decatungstate as a direct hydrogen atom transfer photocatalyst for synthesis of trifluromethylthioesters from aldehydes. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.03.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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26
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Petit-Cancelier F, Couve-Bonnaire S, Besset T. Synthesis of a library of SCF2CO2Et reagents: An access to original (ethoxycarbonyl)difluoromethylthioesters. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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27
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Abstract
The fields of C-H functionalization and photoredox catalysis have garnered enormous interest and utility in the past several decades. Many different scientific disciplines have relied on C-H functionalization and photoredox strategies including natural product synthesis, drug discovery, radiolabeling, bioconjugation, materials, and fine chemical synthesis. In this Review, we highlight the use of photoredox catalysis in C-H functionalization reactions. We separate the review into inorganic/organometallic photoredox catalysts and organic-based photoredox catalytic systems. Further subdivision by reaction class-either sp2 or sp3 C-H functionalization-lends perspective and tactical strategies for use of these methods in synthetic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Holmberg-Douglas
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - David A Nicewicz
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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28
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Ma H, Feng J, Zhou W, Chen C, Deng Z, Zhou F, Ouyang Y, Zhang X, Cai Q. Copper(i)-catalyzed asymmetric intramolecular C-arylation with ureas as the additives: highly enantioselective formation of spirooxindoles. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:7480-7484. [PMID: 34612367 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01327k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A cooperative catalytic strategy is developed for a copper-catalyzed asymmetric intramolecular C-arylation reaction with ureas as the co-catalysts. By forming hydrogen bonds with 1,3-dicarbonyl structures, ureas can activate the substrates, stabilize the carbanion intermediates and the products, and fix the syn-configurations of 1,3-dicarbonyl structures. They help enhance the reactivity, prevent side reactions and improve the enantioselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowen Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, No. 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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29
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Schirmer TE, Rolka AB, Karl TA, Holzhausen F, König B. Photocatalytic C-H Trifluoromethylthiolation by the Decatungstate Anion. Org Lett 2021; 23:5729-5733. [PMID: 34260256 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A broadly applicable method for the trifluoromethylthiolation of methylene C(sp3)-H, methine C(sp3)-H, α-oxygen C(sp3)-H, and formyl C(sp2)-H bonds is presented using the decatungstate anion as the sole catalyst. By adjusting the substrate ratio and reaction concentration, this method was applied to 40 examples in good regioselectivities, including the derivatization of natural products. Furthermore, SCF3-drug analogues were synthesized by subsequent functionalization of the SCF3 products, highlighting the importance of this photocatalyzed C-H functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias E Schirmer
- University of Regensburg, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Alessa B Rolka
- University of Regensburg, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Tobias A Karl
- University of Regensburg, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ferdinand Holzhausen
- University of Regensburg, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Burkhard König
- University of Regensburg, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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30
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31
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Lipp A, Badir SO, Dykstra R, Gutierrez O, Molander GA. Catalyst-Free Decarbonylative Trifluoromethylthiolation Enabled by Electron Donor-Acceptor Complex Photoactivation. Adv Synth Catal 2021; 363:3507-3520. [PMID: 35273472 PMCID: PMC8903066 DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
A catalyst- and additive-free decarbonylative trifluoromethylthiolation of aldehyde feedstocks has been developed. This operationally simple, scalable, and open-to-air transformation is driven by the selective photoexcitation of electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complexes, stemming from the association of 1,4-dihydropyridines (donor) with N-(trifluoromethylthio)phthalimide (acceptor), to trigger intermolecular single-electron transfer events under ambient- and visible light-promoted conditions. Extension to other electron acceptors enables the synthesis of thiocyanates and thioesters, as well as the difunctionalization of [1.1.1] propellane. The mechanistic intricacies of this photochemical paradigm are elucidated through a combination of experimental efforts and high-level quantum mechanical calculations [dispersion-corrected (U)DFT, DLPNO-CCSD(T), and TD-DFT]. This comprehensive study highlights the necessity for EDA complexation for efficient alkyl radical generation. Computation of subsequent ground state pathways reveals that SH2 addition of the alkyl radical to the intermediate radical EDA complex is extremely exergonic and results in a charge transfer event from the dihydropyridine donor to the N-(trifluoromethylthio)phthalimide acceptor of the EDA complex. Experimental and computational results further suggest that product formation also occurs via SH2 reaction of alkyl radicals with 1,2-bis(trifluoromethyl)disulfane, generated in-situ through combination of thiyl radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Lipp
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Shorouk O Badir
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Ryan Dykstra
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Osvaldo Gutierrez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Gary A Molander
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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32
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Li T, Hammond GB, Xu B. Cobalt-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Cleavage of Alkyl Aldehydes: Synthesis of Ketones, Esters, Amides, and α-Ketoamides. Chemistry 2021; 27:9737-9741. [PMID: 34010489 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A widely applicable approach was developed to synthesize ketones, esters, amides via the oxidative C-C bond cleavage of readily available alkyl aldehydes. Green and abundant molecular oxygen (O2 ) was used as the oxidant, and base metals (cobalt and copper) were used as the catalysts. This strategy can be extended to the one-pot synthesis of ketones from primary alcohols and α-ketoamides from aldehydes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Gerald B Hammond
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Bo Xu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
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33
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Rodríguez RI, Mollari L, Alemán J. Light‐Driven Enantioselective Synthesis of Pyrroline Derivatives by a Radical/Polar Cascade Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202013020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo I. Rodríguez
- Organic Chemistry Department, Módulo 1 Universidad Autónoma de Madrid 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Leonardo Mollari
- Organic Chemistry Department, Módulo 1 Universidad Autónoma de Madrid 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - José Alemán
- Organic Chemistry Department, Módulo 1 Universidad Autónoma de Madrid 28049 Madrid Spain
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34
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Cao CK, Tretyakov E, Chen C. Transition-metal-free trifluoromethylthiolation–acylation of arynes by insertion into the C–S bonds. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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35
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Rodríguez RI, Mollari L, Alemán J. Light‐Driven Enantioselective Synthesis of Pyrroline Derivatives by a Radical/Polar Cascade Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:4555-4560. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202013020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo I. Rodríguez
- Organic Chemistry Department, Módulo 1 Universidad Autónoma de Madrid 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Leonardo Mollari
- Organic Chemistry Department, Módulo 1 Universidad Autónoma de Madrid 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - José Alemán
- Organic Chemistry Department, Módulo 1 Universidad Autónoma de Madrid 28049 Madrid Spain
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36
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Yang LC, Li X, Zhang SQ, Hong X. Machine learning prediction of hydrogen atom transfer reactivity in photoredox-mediated C–H functionalization. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01325d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
DFT-computed structure–activity relationship data and physical organic descriptors create accurate machine learning model for HAT barrier prediction in photoredox-mediated HAT catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Cheng Yang
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xin Li
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shuo-Qing Zhang
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xin Hong
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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37
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Cannalire R, Pelliccia S, Sancineto L, Novellino E, Tron GC, Giustiniano M. Visible light photocatalysis in the late-stage functionalization of pharmaceutically relevant compounds. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 50:766-897. [PMID: 33350402 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00493f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The late stage functionalization (LSF) of complex biorelevant compounds is a powerful tool to speed up the identification of structure-activity relationships (SARs) and to optimize ADME profiles. To this end, visible-light photocatalysis offers unique opportunities to achieve smooth and clean functionalization of drugs by unlocking site-specific reactivities under generally mild reaction conditions. This review offers a critical assessment of current literature, pointing out the recent developments in the field while emphasizing the expected future progress and potential applications. Along with paragraphs discussing the visible-light photocatalytic synthetic protocols so far available for LSF of drugs and drug candidates, useful and readily accessible synoptic tables of such transformations, divided by functional groups, will be provided, thus enabling a useful, fast, and easy reference to them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolando Cannalire
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy.
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38
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Tironi M, Maas LM, Garg A, Dix S, Götze JP, Hopkinson MN. Deoxygenative Tri- and Difluoromethylthiolation of Carboxylic Acids with Benzothiazolium Reagents. Org Lett 2020; 22:8925-8930. [PMID: 33147033 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Deoxygenative syntheses of fluorinated thioesters directly from carboxylic acids have been developed employing benzothiazolium reagents. The process using BT-SCF3 represents an attractive approach toward these SCF3-containing compounds that avoids the use of metal -SCF3 salts or preactivated acyl electrophiles. Moreover, the in situ activation of BT-SCF2H allows for an unprecedented nucleophilic difluoromethylthiolation reaction. DFT calculations support a mechanistic scenario involving a four-membered transition state where acyl substitution occurs without the formation of an unstable free -SCF2H anion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Tironi
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstrasse 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lilian M Maas
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstrasse 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Arushi Garg
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstrasse 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Dix
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstrasse 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan P Götze
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstrasse 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthew N Hopkinson
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstrasse 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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39
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Liu Y, Xu X, Qing F. Deoxygenative 1,1‐Bis‐trifluoromethylthiolation of Aromatic Aldehydes to Access Bis(trifluoromethylthio)methylarenes. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yin‐Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chinese Academy of Science 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu‐Hua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chinese Academy of Science 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China
| | - Feng‐Ling Qing
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chinese Academy of Science 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China
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40
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Zhao R, Fu K, Fang Y, Zhou J, Shi L. Site-Specific C(sp 3 )-H Aminations of Imidates and Amidines Enabled by Covalently Tethered Distonic Radical Anions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:20682-20690. [PMID: 32706927 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The utilization of N-centered radicals to synthesize nitrogen-containing compounds has attracted considerable attention recently, due to their powerful reactivities and the concomitant construction of C-N bonds. However, the generation and control of N-centered radicals remain particularly challenging. We report a tethering strategy using SOMO-HOMO-converted distonic radical anions for the site-specific aminations of imidates and amidines with aid of the non-covalent interaction. This reaction features a remarkably broad substrate scope and also enables the late-stage functionalization of bioactive molecules. Furthermore, the reaction mechanism is thoroughly investigated through kinetic studies, Raman spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations, revealing that the aminations likely involve direct homolytic cleavage of N-H bonds and subsequently controllable 1,5 or 1,6 hydrogen atom transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhao
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Kang Fu
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yuanding Fang
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Lei Shi
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
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41
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Zhao R, Fu K, Fang Y, Zhou J, Shi L. Site‐Specific C(sp
3
)–H Aminations of Imidates and Amidines Enabled by Covalently Tethered Distonic Radical Anions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202008806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhao
- School of Science Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Kang Fu
- School of Science Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Yuanding Fang
- School of Science Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Jia Zhou
- School of Science Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Lei Shi
- School of Science Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Shenzhen 518055 China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Beijing 100190 China
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42
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Wang MY, Zhu XQ, Zhang XL, Guo RL, Jia Q, Wang YQ. Synthesis of trifluoromethylthioesters from aldehydes via a visible light-promoted radical process. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:5918-5926. [PMID: 32691819 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01160f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
We report herein an efficient, economical, and scalable trifluoromethylthiolation of aldehydes to generate trifluoromethylthioesters via a visible light-promoted radical process. The transformation features cheap reagents, simple operation, a broad substrate scope, and especially no metal involved in the reaction. Trifluoromethylthiolations of several complex aldehyde-containing bioactive compounds have been realized; thus the approach has the potential to be an important tool for the late-stage functionalization of advanced synthetic intermediates and bioactive molecules, and should have many applications in medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Foreign Languages, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xue-Qing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Foreign Languages, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xing-Long Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Foreign Languages, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, People's Republic of China.
| | - Rui-Li Guo
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Foreign Languages, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiong Jia
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Foreign Languages, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yong-Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Foreign Languages, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, People's Republic of China.
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43
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Yan J, Cheo HW, Teo WK, Shi X, Wu H, Idres SB, Deng LW, Wu J. A Radical Smiles Rearrangement Promoted by Neutral Eosin Y as a Direct Hydrogen Atom Transfer Photocatalyst. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:11357-11362. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Yan
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Han Wen Cheo
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Wei Kiat Teo
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Xiangcheng Shi
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Hui Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, 8 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Shabana Binte Idres
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, 8 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Lih-Wen Deng
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, 8 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, No. 377 Lin Quan Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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44
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Single Electron Activation of Aryl Carboxylic Acids. iScience 2020; 23:101266. [PMID: 32593954 PMCID: PMC7327862 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aryl carboxylic acids are stable and readily available in great structural diversity both from natural and well-established synthetic procedures, which make them promising starting materials in organic synthesis. The conversion of benzoic acids into high-value molecules is of great importance and have gained much interest of synthetic chemists. The recent development of single-electron (1e−) activation strategy has been esteemed as a complementary method for the transformation of benzoic acids. In this context, carboxylate groups can be selectively transferred into reactive aryl carboxylic radical, aryl radical, and acyl radical by electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, or in the presence of some SET oxidants. Based on these radical species, remarkable advancements have been achieved for the rapid formation of various chemical bonds over the past 10 years. In this review, we summarize recent advances in single electron activation of aryl carboxylic acids, with an emphasis on reaction scope, catalytic system, limitation, and underlying reaction mechanism.
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45
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Zhong Y, Xu X, Xing Q, Yang S, Gou J, Gao Z, Yu B. Furfuryl Cation Induced Three-Component Reaction to Synthesize Triazole-Substituted Thioesters. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry; Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering; Shaanxi Normal University; 710062 Xi'an China
| | - Xiaoming Xu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry; Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering; Shaanxi Normal University; 710062 Xi'an China
| | - Qingzhao Xing
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry; Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering; Shaanxi Normal University; 710062 Xi'an China
| | - Song Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology; Changzhou University; 213164 Changzhou China
| | - Jing Gou
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Normal University; 710062 Xi'an China
| | - Ziwei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry; Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering; Shaanxi Normal University; 710062 Xi'an China
| | - Binxun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry; Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering; Shaanxi Normal University; 710062 Xi'an China
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46
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Kandasamy M, Amalraj AJJ, Perumal G, Ganesan B, Senadi GC, Lin WY. Continuous flow as a benign strategy for the synthesis of Thioesters via selective C-N bond cleavage. J Flow Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s41981-020-00090-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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47
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Vikrant K, Qu Y, Szulejko JE, Kumar V, Vellingiri K, Boukhvalov DW, Kim T, Kim KH. Utilization of metal-organic frameworks for the adsorptive removal of an aliphatic aldehyde mixture in the gas phase. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:8330-8343. [PMID: 32236269 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr00234h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Considerable efforts have been undertaken in the domain of air quality management for the removal of hazardous volatile organic compounds, particularly carbonyl compounds (CCs). In this study, the competitive sorptive removal of six CCs (namely, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde, isovaleraldehyde, and valeraldehyde) was assessed using selected metal-organic frameworks (MOFs: MOF-5, MOF-199, UiO-66, and UiO-66-NH2) and inexpensive commercial activated carbon as a reference sorbent. The sorption experiments were conducted using a mixture of the six CCs (formaldehyde and acetaldehyde at ∼1 Pa and propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde, isovaleraldehyde, and valeraldehyde at ∼0.2 Pa) together with 15 Pa water and 2.6 Pa methanol in 1 bar nitrogen. For all of the carbonyl compounds other than formaldehyde, MOF-199 showed the best 10% breakthrough performance ranging from 34 L g-1 and 0.14 mol kg-1 Pa-1 for acetaldehyde to 1870 L g-1 and 7.6 mol kg-1 Pa-1 for isovaleraldehyde. Among all the sorbents tested, UiO-66-NH2 exhibited the best 10% breakthrough performance metrics towards the lightest formaldehyde which remains to be one of the most difficult targets for sorptive removal (breakthrough volume: 285 L g-1 and partition coefficient: 1.1 mol kg-1 Pa-1). Theoretical density functional theory (DFT)-based computations were also conducted to provide better insights into the adsorbate-adsorbent interactions. Accordingly, the magnitude of adsorption energy increased with an increase in the CC molar mass due to an enhancement in the synergetic interaction between C[double bond, length as m-dash]O groups (in adsorbate molecules) and the MOF active centers (open metallic centers and/or NH2 functionality) as the adsorbent. Such interactions were observed to result in strong distortion of MOF structures. In contrast, weak van der Waals attraction between the hydrocarbon "tail" of CC molecules and MOF linkers were seen to play a stabilizing role for the sorbent structure. The presence of the NH2 group in the MOF structure was suspected to play a key role in capturing lighter CCs, while such an effect was less prominent for heavier CCs. Overall, the results of this study provided a basis for the establishment of an effective strategy to enhance the sorption capacity of MOFs against diverse carbonyl species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Vikrant
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
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48
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Ji T, Chen XY, Huang L, Rueping M. Remote Trifluoromethylthiolation Enabled by Organophotocatalytic C-C Bond Cleavage. Org Lett 2020; 22:2579-2583. [PMID: 32176516 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The first metal-free ring opening/trifluoromethylthiolation of cycloalkanols for the formation of remote C(sp3)-SCF3 bonds has been developed. A variety of trifluoromethylthiolated carbonyl compounds that are otherwise difficult to achieve were prepared in good yields under mild reaction conditions. The reaction is assumed to proceed via C-C bond cleavage of the alkoxyl radical species generated via a photoredox-enabled intramolecular proton-coupled electron transfer process, followed by trifluoromethylthiolation of the resulting C-centered radical with the N-(trifluoromethylthio)phthalimide reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Ji
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Xiang-Yu Chen
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Long Huang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Magnus Rueping
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.,KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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49
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Zhang Y, Ji P, Dong Y, Wei Y, Wang W. Deuteration of Formyl Groups via a Catalytic Radical H/D Exchange Approach. ACS Catal 2020; 10:2226-2230. [PMID: 33623725 PMCID: PMC7899177 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b05300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
H/D exchange at formyl groups represents the straightforward approach to C-1 deuterated aldehydes. This transformation has been recently realized by transition metal and NHC carbene catalysis. Mechanistically, all these processes involve an ionic pathway. Herein we report a distinct photoredox catalytic, visible light mediated neutral radical approach. Selective control of highly reactive acyl radical in the energy barrier surmountable, reversible reaction enables driving the formation of deuterated products when an excess of D2O is employed. The power of the H/D exchange process has been demonstrated for not only aromatic aldehydes, but also aliphatic substrates, which have been difficult in transitional metal catalyzed H/D exchange reactions, and for selective late-stage deuterium incorporation into complex structures with uniformly high deuteration level (>90%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueteng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, 1703 E. Mabel Street, Tucson, AZ 85721-0207, USA
| | - Peng Ji
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, 1703 E. Mabel Street, Tucson, AZ 85721-0207, USA
| | - Yue Dong
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, 1703 E. Mabel Street, Tucson, AZ 85721-0207, USA
| | - Yongyi Wei
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, 1703 E. Mabel Street, Tucson, AZ 85721-0207, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, 1703 E. Mabel Street, Tucson, AZ 85721-0207, USA
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50
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Mao R, Bera S, Cheseaux A, Hu X. Deoxygenative trifluoromethylthiolation of carboxylic acids. Chem Sci 2019; 10:9555-9559. [PMID: 32055327 PMCID: PMC6979494 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc03396c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A deoxygenative trifluoromethylthiolation method produces trifluoromethyl thioesters from readily available carboxylic acids.
Here we describe a deoxygenative trifluoromethylthiolation method that yields trifluoromethyl thioesters from readily available carboxylic acids. The method is built upon an “umpolung” strategy where triphenylphosphine is used to first activate an electrophilic trifluoromethylthiolating reagent and then serves as an oxygen acceptor for the deoxygenation. The method is mild, efficient, broad-scope, and tolerant. It can be applied for the late-stage functionalization of numerous natural products and drug molecules containing a carboxylic acid group. The trifluoromethyl thioesters can be converted into trifluoromethyl thioethers by Pd-catalyzed decarbonylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runze Mao
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis , Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , ISIC-LSCI , Lausanne 1015 , Switzerland .
| | - Srikrishna Bera
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis , Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , ISIC-LSCI , Lausanne 1015 , Switzerland .
| | - Alexis Cheseaux
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis , Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , ISIC-LSCI , Lausanne 1015 , Switzerland .
| | - Xile Hu
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis , Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , ISIC-LSCI , Lausanne 1015 , Switzerland .
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