1
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Zhao M, Xu W, Wu YD, Yang X, Wang J, Zhou JS. Cobalt-Catalyzed Enantioselective Reductive Arylation, Heteroarylation, and Alkenylation of Michael Acceptors via an Elementary Mechanism of 1,4-Addition. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 38982945 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c06735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Cobalt complexes with chiral quinox ligands effectively promote the enantioselective conjugate addition of enones using aryl, heteroaryl, and alkenyl halides and sulfonates. Additionally, a cobalt complex with a strongly donating diphosphine, BenzP*, successfully catalyzes the asymmetric reductive arylation and alkenylation of α,β-unsaturated amides. Both catalytic systems show broad scopes and tolerance of sensitive functional groups. Both reactions can be scaled up with low loadings of cobalt catalysts. Experimental results and density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggest a new mechanism of elementary 1,4-addition of aryl cobalt(I) complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, 2199 Lishui Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wenqiang Xu
- Lab of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yun-Dong Wu
- Lab of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Gaoke Innovation Center, Guangqiao Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Xiuying Yang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jianchun Wang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jianrong Steve Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, 2199 Lishui Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, China
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2
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Bruckhoff T, Ballmann J, Gade LH. Radicalizing CO by Mononuclear Palladium(I). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202320064. [PMID: 38498121 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202320064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
A mononuclear, T-shaped palladium(I) d9 metalloradical (3), stabilized by a bulky carbazole-based PNP-ligand, was obtained by reduction of palladium chloride or thermal Pd-C bond homolysis of the corresponding neopentyl complex. Pressurizing with CO gave the Pd(I) carbonyl complex, which was structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction. Delocalization of the unpaired electron to the carbonyl carbon was detected by EPR spectroscopy and theoretically modeled by DFT and ab initio methods. The partially reduced and radicalized CO slowly reacts with di(tert-butyl) disulfide under homolytic S-S cleavage and C-S bond formation to give the corresponding metallathioester.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Bruckhoff
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 276, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joachim Ballmann
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 276, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lutz H Gade
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 276, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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3
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Batista GMF, Ebenbauer R, Day C, Bergare J, Neumann KT, Hopmann KH, Elmore CS, Rosas-Hernández A, Skrydstrup T. Efficient palladium-catalyzed electrocarboxylation enables late-stage carbon isotope labelling. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2592. [PMID: 38519475 PMCID: PMC10959938 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46820-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Carbon isotope labelling of bioactive molecules is essential for accessing the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of new drug entities. Aryl carboxylic acids represent an important class of structural motifs ubiquitous in pharmaceutically active molecules and are ideal targets for the installation of a radioactive tag employing isotopically labelled CO2. However, direct isotope incorporation via the reported catalytic reductive carboxylation (CRC) of aryl electrophiles relies on excess CO2, which is incompatible with carbon-14 isotope incorporation. Furthermore, the application of some CRC reactions for late-stage carboxylation is limited because of the low tolerance of molecular complexity by the catalysts. Herein, we report the development of a practical and affordable Pd-catalysed electrocarboxylation setup. This approach enables the use of near-stoichiometric 14CO2 generated from the primary carbon-14 source Ba14CO3, facilitating late-stage and single-step carbon-14 labelling of pharmaceuticals and representative precursors. The proposed isotope-labelling protocol holds significant promise for immediate impact on drug development programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel M F Batista
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), Novo Nordisk Foundation CO2 Research Center, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Ruth Ebenbauer
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), Novo Nordisk Foundation CO2 Research Center, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Craig Day
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), Novo Nordisk Foundation CO2 Research Center, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jonas Bergare
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences R&D AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karoline T Neumann
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), Novo Nordisk Foundation CO2 Research Center, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Kathrin H Hopmann
- Department of Chemistry, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Charles S Elmore
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences R&D AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alonso Rosas-Hernández
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), Novo Nordisk Foundation CO2 Research Center, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Troels Skrydstrup
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), Novo Nordisk Foundation CO2 Research Center, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus C, Denmark.
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4
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Meng CF, Zhang BB, Liu Q, Chen KQ, Wang ZX, Chen XY. Achieving Nickel-Catalyzed Reductive C(sp 2)-B Coupling of Bromoboranes via Reversing the Activation Sequence. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:7210-7215. [PMID: 38437461 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Transition metal-catalyzed reductive cross-couplings to build C-C/Si bonds have been developed, but the reductive cross-coupling to create the C(sp2)-B bond has not been explored. Herein, we describe a nickel-catalyzed reductive cross-coupling between aryl halides and bromoboranes to construct a C(sp2)-B bond. This protocol offers a convenient approach for the synthesis of a wide range of aryl boronate esters, using readily available starting materials. Mechanistic studies indicate that the key to the success of the reaction is the activation of the B-Br bond of bromoboranes with a Lewis base such as 2-MeO-py. The activation ensures that bromoboranes will react with the active nickel(I) catalyst prior to aryl halides, which is different from the sequence of the general nickel-catalyzed reductive C(sp2)-C/Si cross-coupling, where the oxidative addition of an aryl halide proceeds first. Notably, this approach minimizes the production of undesired homocoupling byproduct without the requirement of excessive quantities of either substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Fu Meng
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bei-Bei Zhang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kun-Quan Chen
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Wang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Binzhou Institute of Technology, Weiqiao-UCAS Science and Technology Park, Binzhou, Shandong Province 256606, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Chen
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Binzhou Institute of Technology, Weiqiao-UCAS Science and Technology Park, Binzhou, Shandong Province 256606, China
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5
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Davies J, Lyonnet JR, Carvalho B, Sahoo B, Day CS, Juliá-Hernández F, Duan Y, Álvaro Velasco-Rubio, Obst M, Norrby PO, Hopmann KH, Martin R. Kinetically-Controlled Ni-Catalyzed Direct Carboxylation of Unactivated Secondary Alkyl Bromides without Chain Walking. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:1753-1759. [PMID: 38193812 PMCID: PMC10824404 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report the direct carboxylation of unactivated secondary alkyl bromides enabled by the merger of photoredox and nickel catalysis, a previously inaccessible endeavor in the carboxylation arena. Site-selectivity is dictated by a kinetically controlled insertion of CO2 at the initial C(sp3)-Br site by the rapid formation of Ni(I)-alkyl species, thus avoiding undesired β-hydride elimination and chain-walking processes. Preliminary mechanistic experiments reveal the subtleties of stereoelectronic effects for guiding the reactivity and site-selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Davies
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Julien R. Lyonnet
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Universitat
Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química
Orgànica, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Bjørn Carvalho
- Department
of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University
of Norway, N-9307 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Basudev Sahoo
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Craig S. Day
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Universitat
Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química
Orgànica, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Francisco Juliá-Hernández
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Yaya Duan
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Álvaro Velasco-Rubio
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Marc Obst
- Department
of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University
of Norway, N-9307 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Per-Ola Norrby
- Data
Science & Modelling, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, SE-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Kathrin H. Hopmann
- Department
of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University
of Norway, N-9307 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ruben Martin
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- ICREA, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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6
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Müller P, Finkelstein P, Trapp N, Bismuto A, Jeschke G, Morandi B. Nickel(I)-Phenolate Complexes: The Key to Well-Defined Ni(I) Species. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:16661-16668. [PMID: 37782818 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Phosphine-stabilized monovalent nickel complexes play an important role in catalysis, either as catalytically active species or as decomposition products. Most routes to access these complexes are highly ligand specific or rely on strong reducing agents. Our group recently disclosed a path to access nickel(I)-phenolate complexes from bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene)nickel(0) (Ni(cod)2). Herein, we demonstrate this protocol's broad applicability by ligating a wide range of mono- and bidentate phosphine ligands. We further show the versatility of the phenolate fragment as a precursor to nickel(I)-alkyl or aryl species, which are relevant to Ni catalysis or synthetically useful nickel(I)-chloride and hydride complexes. We also demonstrate that the chloride complex can be synthesized in a one-pot procedure starting from Ni(cod)2 in good yield, making this protocol a valuable alternative to current procedures. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction, IR, and EPR (or NMR) spectroscopy were employed to characterize all of the synthesized nickel complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Müller
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Finkelstein
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nils Trapp
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Bismuto
- Institut für Anorganiche Chemie, Universität Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
- Institut für Organische and Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gunnar Jeschke
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Bill Morandi
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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7
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Day CS, Martin R. Comproportionation and disproportionation in nickel and copper complexes. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:6601-6616. [PMID: 37655600 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00494a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Disproportionation and comproportionation reactions have become increasingly important electron transfer events in organometallic chemistry and catalysis. The renewed interest in these reactions is in part attributed to the improved understanding of first-row metals and their ability to occupy odd and even oxidation states. Disproportionation and comproportionation reactions enable metal complexes to shuttle between various oxidation states, a matter of utmost relevance for controlling the speciation and catalytic turnover. In addition, these reactions have a direct impact in the thermodynamic and kinetic stability of the corresponding metal complexes. This review covers the relevance and impact of these processes in electron transfer reactions and provides valuable information about their non-negligible influence in Ni- and Cu-catalysed transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig S Day
- The Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Ruben Martin
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
- ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys, 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
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8
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Newman-Stonebraker SH, Raab TJ, Roshandel H, Doyle AG. Synthesis of Nickel(I)-Bromide Complexes via Oxidation and Ligand Displacement: Evaluation of Ligand Effects on Speciation and Reactivity. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:19368-19377. [PMID: 37610310 PMCID: PMC10616978 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c06233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Nickel's +1 oxidation state has received much interest due to its varied and often enigmatic behavior in increasingly popular catalytic methods. In part, the lack of understanding about NiI results from common synthetic strategies limiting the breadth of complexes that are accessible for mechanistic study and catalyst design. We report an oxidative approach using tribromide salts that allows for the generation of a well-defined precursor, [NiI(COD)Br]2, as well as several new NiI complexes. Included among them are complexes bearing bulky monophosphines, for which structure-speciation relationships are established and catalytic reactivity in a Suzuki-Miyaura coupling (SMC) is investigated. Notably, these routes also allow for the synthesis of well-defined monomeric t-Bubpy-bound NiI complexes, which has not previously been achieved. These complexes, which react with aryl halides, can enable previously challenging mechanistic investigations and present new opportunities for catalysis and synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel H. Newman-Stonebraker
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - T. Judah Raab
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Hootan Roshandel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Abigail G. Doyle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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9
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DeCicco EM, Berritt S, Knauber T, Coffey SB, Hou J, Dowling MS. Decarboxylative Cross-Electrophile Coupling of (Hetero)Aromatic Bromides and NHP Esters. J Org Chem 2023; 88:12329-12340. [PMID: 37609685 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Aryl bromides are known to be challenging substrates in the decarboxylative cross-electrophile coupling with redox-active NHP esters-the majority of such processes utilize aryl iodides. Herein, we describe the development of conditions that are suitable for the decarboxylative cross-electrophile coupling of NHP esters and a wide range of (hetero)aryl bromides. The key advances that allowed for the use of aryl bromides in this reaction are (1) the identification of ligand L3 as an optimal ligand for the use of electron-neutral and deficient aryl bromides and (2) the significant improvement in yield that iodide salts and excess heterogenous zinc impart to this reaction. A wide variety of NHP esters perform well under the optimized conditions, including methyl, primary, secondary, and several strained tertiary systems. Likewise, a variety of aromatic and heteroaromatic bromides relevant to medicinal chemistry perform well in this transformation, including an aryl bromide precursor to the known drug dapagliflozin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan M DeCicco
- Medicine Design, Pfizer, Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Simon Berritt
- Medicine Design, Pfizer, Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Thomas Knauber
- Medicine Design, Pfizer, Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Steven B Coffey
- Medicine Design, Pfizer, Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Jie Hou
- WuXi AppTec, 288 Fute Zhong Road, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Matthew S Dowling
- Medicine Design, Pfizer, Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
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10
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Ou Y, Ye Q, Deng W, Xu Z. Mechanism and Origin of CuH‐Catalyzed Regio‐ and Enantioselective Hydrocarboxylation of Allenes. European J Org Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202201422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Ru Ou
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Shanghai Institute of Technology Shanghai 201400 P. R. China
| | - Qi Ye
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Shanghai Institute of Technology Shanghai 201400 P. R. China
| | - Wei Deng
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Shanghai Institute of Technology Shanghai 201400 P. R. China
| | - Zheng‐Yang Xu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Shanghai Institute of Technology Shanghai 201400 P. R. China
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11
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Wang L, Li T, Perveen S, Zhang S, Wang X, Ouyang Y, Li P. Nickel-Catalyzed Enantioconvergent Carboxylation Enabled by a Chiral 2,2'-Bipyridine Ligand. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202213943. [PMID: 36300599 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202213943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to previous approaches to chiral α-aryl carboxylic acids that based on reactions using hazardous gases, pressurized setup and mostly noble metal catalysts, in this work, a nickel-catalyzed general, efficient and highly enantioselective carboxylation reaction of racemic benzylic (pseudo)halides under mild conditions using atmospheric CO2 has been developed. A unique chiral 2,2'-bipyridine ligand named Me-SBpy featuring compact polycyclic skeleton enabled both high reactivity and stereoselectivity. The utility of this method has been demonstrated by synthesis of various chiral α-aryl carboxylic acids (30 examples, up to 95 % yield and 99 : 1 er), including profen family anti-inflammatory drugs and transformations using the acids as key intermediates. Based on mechanistic experimental results, a plausible catalytic cycle involving Ni-complex/radical equilibrium and Lewis acid-assisted CO2 activation has been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghua Wang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China
| | - Tao Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China
| | - Saima Perveen
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China
| | - Xicheng Wang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China
| | - Yizhao Ouyang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China.,School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China.,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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12
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Duan A, Xiao F, Lan Y, Niu L. Mechanistic views and computational studies on transition-metal-catalyzed reductive coupling reactions. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:9986-10015. [PMID: 36374254 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00371f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Transition-metal-catalyzed reductive coupling reactions have been considered as a powerful tool to convert two electrophiles into value-added products. Numerous related reports have shown the fascinating potential. Mechanistic studies, especially theoretical studies, can provide important implications for the design of novel reductive coupling reactions. In this review, we summarize the representative advancements in theoretical studies on transition-metal-catalyzed reductive coupling reactions and systematically elaborate the mechanisms for the key steps of reductive coupling reactions. The activation modes of electrophiles and the deep insights of selectivity generation are mechanistically discussed. In addition, the mechanism of the reduction of high-oxidation-state catalysts and further construction of new chemical bonds are also described in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abing Duan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Fengjiao Xiao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Yu Lan
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China. .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Linbin Niu
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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13
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Vadivelu P, Ganesan K. Density Functional Theory Study on [Ni 0(1,10-Phenanthroline)]-Catalyzed Reductive Carboxylation of Alkyl and Aryl Halides with CO 2: Effect of the Lewis Acid and β-H Elimination Side Reaction in the Crucial CO 2 Insertion Step. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:19463-19474. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prabha Vadivelu
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Neelakudi, Thiruvarur610 005, India
| | - Krithika Ganesan
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Neelakudi, Thiruvarur610 005, India
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14
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Wang Y, Zhao Z, Pan D, Wang S, Jia K, Ma D, Yang G, Xue X, Qiu Y. Metal‐Free Electrochemical Carboxylation of Organic Halides in the Presence of Catalytic Amounts of an Organomediator. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202210201. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202210201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Zhiwei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Deng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Siyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Kangping Jia
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Dengke Ma
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Guoqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Xiao‐Song Xue
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Youai Qiu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
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15
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Wang Y, Zhao Z, Pan D, Wang S, Jia K, Ma D, Yang G, Xue XS, Qiu Y. Metal‐Free Electrochemical Carboxylation of Organic Halides in the Presence of Catalytic Amounts of an Organomediator. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202210201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Wang
- Nankai University College of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Zhiwei Zhao
- Nankai University College of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Deng Pan
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry CHINA
| | - Siyi Wang
- Nankai University College of Chemistry CHINA
| | | | - Dengke Ma
- Nankai University College of Chemistry CHINA
| | | | - Xiao-Song Xue
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry CHINA
| | - Youai Qiu
- Nankai University College of Chemistry 94 Weijin Road 300071 Tianjin CHINA
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16
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Nandi S, Jana R. Toward Sustainable Photo‐/Electrocatalytic Carboxylation of Organic Substrates with CO2. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shantanu Nandi
- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology CSIR Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division 4 Raja S C Mullick RoadJadavpur 700032 Kolkata INDIA
| | - Ranjan Jana
- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology CSIR Chemistry Division 4, Raja S. C. Mullick RoadJadavpur 700032 Kolkata INDIA
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17
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Charboneau DJ, Hazari N, Huang H, Uehling MR, Zultanski SL. Homogeneous Organic Electron Donors in Nickel-Catalyzed Reductive Transformations. J Org Chem 2022; 87:7589-7609. [PMID: 35671350 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Many contemporary organic transformations, such as Ni-catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling (XEC), require a reductant. Typically, heterogeneous reductants, such as Zn0 or Mn0, are used as the electron source in these reactions. Although heterogeneous reductants are highly practical for preparative-scale batch reactions, they can lead to complications in performing reactions on process scale and are not easily compatible with modern applications, such as flow chemistry. In principle, homogeneous organic reductants can address some of the challenges associated with heterogeneous reductants and also provide greater control of the reductant strength, which can lead to new reactivity. Nevertheless, homogeneous organic reductants have rarely been used in XEC. In this Perspective, we summarize recent progress in the use of homogeneous organic electron donors in Ni-catalyzed XEC and related reactions, discuss potential synthetic and mechanistic benefits, describe the limitations that inhibit their implementation, and outline challenges that need to be solved in order for homogeneous organic reductants to be widely utilized in synthetic chemistry. Although our focus is on XEC, our discussion of the strengths and weaknesses of different methods for introducing electrons is general to other reductive transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Charboneau
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Nilay Hazari
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Haotian Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Mycah R Uehling
- Discovery Chemistry, HTE and Lead Discovery Capabilities, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Susan L Zultanski
- Department of Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
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18
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Huang W, Lin J, Deng F, Zhong H. Photocatalytic carboxylation with CO2: a review of recent studies. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- Jinggangshan University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Junyue Lin
- Jinggangshan University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Fei Deng
- Jinggangshan University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Hong Zhong
- Jinggangshan University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Number 28Xueyuan RoadQingyuan District 343009 Jian City, Jiangxi province CHINA
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19
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Duan A, Yu Y, Wang F, Wang X, Wang D. Mechanism and Origin of Stereoselectivity of Ni-Catalyzed Cyclization/Carboxylation of Bromoalkynes with CO 2. J Org Chem 2022; 87:8342-8350. [PMID: 35500133 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bromoalkynes play important roles in coupling reactions because they can show obvious stereoselectivity to form E- and Z-isomers when substituents are different. However, the origin of the stereoselectivity in the bromoalkynes reaction is still unclear. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to provide an in-depth study of the reaction mechanism, clarifying the mechanistic details of the main reaction and the origin of the stereoselectivity. By comparing the syn-insertion mechanism of alkynes and the radical pathway, it is indicated that the electrostatic effect caused by the different charge distributions of the reactants is the main reason that Ni(I) species are more prone to syn-insertion of alkynes than Ni(II) species. In addition, the lower reaction energy barrier in the radical pathway suggests that it is more advantageous in terms of kinetics. The bond between Ni(I) species and alkenylation products has two directions to generate products of different configurations, which are the direct stereoselectivity-determining stages. The distortion/interaction analysis shows that the distortion energy mainly affects the product configuration, and the steric hindrance is the main factor controlling the stereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abing Duan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yali Yu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Fengqin Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xueqiang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Dongbo Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
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20
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Lombardi L, Cerveri A, Ceccon L, Pedrazzani R, Monari M, Bertuzzi G, Bandini M. Merging C-C σ-bond activation of cyclobutanones with CO 2 fixation via Ni-catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:4071-4074. [PMID: 35262541 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc00149g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A carboxylative Ni-catalyzed tandem C-C σ-bond activation of cyclobutanones followed by CO2-electrophilic trapping is documented as a direct route to synthetically valuable 3-indanone-1-acetic acids. The protocol shows an adequate functional group tolerance and useful chemical outcomes (yield up to 76%) when AlCl3 is adopted as an additive. Manipulations of the targeted cyclic scaffolds and a mechanistic proposal based on experimental evidence complete the investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Lombardi
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, Bologna 40126, Italy. .,Center for Chemical Catalysis - C3, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cerveri
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, Bologna 40126, Italy.
| | - Leonardo Ceccon
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, Bologna 40126, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Pedrazzani
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, Bologna 40126, Italy. .,Center for Chemical Catalysis - C3, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Magda Monari
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, Bologna 40126, Italy. .,Center for Chemical Catalysis - C3, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Giulio Bertuzzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, Bologna 40126, Italy. .,Center for Chemical Catalysis - C3, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Marco Bandini
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, Bologna 40126, Italy. .,Center for Chemical Catalysis - C3, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, Bologna, 40126, Italy
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21
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Photocatalytic carboxylation with CO2. ADVANCES IN CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.acat.2022.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Deziel AP, Espinosa MR, Pavlovic L, Charboneau DJ, Hazari N, Hopmann KH, Mercado BQ. Ligand and solvent effects on CO2 insertion into group 10 metal alkyl bonds. Chem Sci 2022; 13:2391-2404. [PMID: 35342547 PMCID: PMC8867079 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06346d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The insertion of carbon dioxide into metal element σ-bonds is an important elementary step in many catalytic reactions for carbon dioxide valorization. Here, the insertion of carbon dioxide into a family of group 10 alkyl complexes of the type (RPBP)M(CH3) (RPBP = B(NCH2PR2)2C6H4−; R = Cy or tBu; M = Ni or Pd) to generate κ1-acetate complexes of the form (RPBP)M{OC(O)CH3} is investigated. This involved the preparation and characterization of a number of new complexes supported by the unusual RPBP ligand, which features a central boryl donor that exerts a strong trans-influence, and the identification of a new decomposition pathway that results in C–B bond formation. In contrast to other group 10 methyl complexes supported by pincer ligands, carbon dioxide insertion into (RPBP)M(CH3) is facile and occurs at room temperature because of the high trans-influence of the boryl donor. Given the mild conditions for carbon dioxide insertion, we perform a rare kinetic study on carbon dioxide insertion into a late-transition metal alkyl species using (tBuPBP)Pd(CH3). These studies demonstrate that the Dimroth–Reichardt parameter for a solvent correlates with the rate of carbon dioxide insertion and that Lewis acids do not promote insertion. DFT calculations indicate that insertion into (tBuPBP)M(CH3) (M = Ni or Pd) proceeds via an SE2 mechanism and we compare the reaction pathway for carbon dioxide insertion into group 10 methyl complexes with insertion into group 10 hydrides. Overall, this work provides fundamental insight that will be valuable for the development of improved and new catalysts for carbon dioxide utilization. The kinetics of carbon dioxide insertion into a pincer-supported palladium methyl complex are studied. The complex inserts carbon dioxide at room temperature, and we explore both solvent and Lewis acid effects on carbon dioxide insertion.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony P. Deziel
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P. O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA
| | - Matthew R. Espinosa
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P. O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA
| | - Ljiljana Pavlovic
- Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9307 Tromsø, Norway
| | - David J. Charboneau
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P. O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA
| | - Nilay Hazari
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P. O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA
| | - Kathrin H. Hopmann
- Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9307 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Brandon Q. Mercado
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P. O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA
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23
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Cauwenbergh R, Goyal V, Maiti R, Natte K, Das S. Challenges and recent advancements in the transformation of CO 2 into carboxylic acids: straightforward assembly with homogeneous 3d metals. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:9371-9423. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00921d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Transformation of carbon dioxide (CO2) into valuable organic carboxylic acids is essential for maintaining sustainability. In this review, such CO2 thermo-, photo- and electrochemical transformations under 3d-transition metal catalysis are described from 2017 until 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Cauwenbergh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Vishakha Goyal
- Chemical and Material Sciences Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun-248005, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC Campus, Joggers Road, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201 002, India
| | - Rakesh Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Kishore Natte
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, 502 285, Telangana, India
| | - Shoubhik Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
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24
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Charboneau DJ, Huang H, Barth EL, Germe CC, Hazari N, Mercado BQ, Uehling MR, Zultanski SL. Tunable and Practical Homogeneous Organic Reductants for Cross-Electrophile Coupling. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:21024-21036. [PMID: 34846142 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c10932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The syntheses of four new tunable homogeneous organic reductants based on a tetraaminoethylene scaffold are reported. The new reductants have enhanced air stability compared to current homogeneous reductants for metal-mediated reductive transformations, such as cross-electrophile coupling (XEC), and are solids at room temperature. In particular, the weakest reductant is indefinitely stable in air and has a reduction potential of -0.85 V versus ferrocene, which is significantly milder than conventional reductants used in XEC. All of the new reductants can facilitate C(sp2)-C(sp3) Ni-catalyzed XEC reactions and are compatible with complex substrates that are relevant to medicinal chemistry. The reductants span a range of nearly 0.5 V in reduction potential, which allows for control over the rate of electron transfer events in XEC. Specifically, we report a new strategy for controlled alkyl radical generation in Ni-catalyzed C(sp2)-C(sp3) XEC. The key to our approach is to tune the rate of alkyl radical generation from Katritzky salts, which liberate alkyl radicals upon single electron reduction, by varying the redox potentials of the reductant and Katritzky salt utilized in catalysis. Using our method, we perform XEC reactions between benzylic Katritzky salts and aryl halides. The method tolerates a variety of functional groups, some of which are particularly challenging for most XEC transformations. Overall, we expect that our new reductants will both replace conventional homogeneous reductants in current reductive transformations due to their stability and relatively facile synthesis and lead to the development of novel synthetic methods due to their tunability.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Charboneau
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Haotian Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Emily L Barth
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Cameron C Germe
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Nilay Hazari
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Brandon Q Mercado
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Mycah R Uehling
- Discovery Chemistry, HTE and Lead Discovery Capabilities, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Susan L Zultanski
- Department of Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
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25
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Shao Y, Nie W, Yao C, Ye L, Yu H. DFT insights into the Ni-catalyzed regioselective hydrocarboxylation of unsaturated alkenes with CO 2. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:15084-15093. [PMID: 34610067 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02486h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The nickel-catalyzed hydrocarboxylation of alkenes using carbon dioxide has recently become an appealing method to prepare functionalized carboxylic acids with high efficiency and regioselectivity. Herein, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were conducted on the Ni-catalyzed hydrocarboxylation of aryl-/alkyl-substituted alkenes with CO2. The α- and β-carboxylation of aromatic and aliphatic olefins originate from distinct catalytic cycles: H-transfer-carboxylation and carboxylation-H-transfer pathways. The typical hydrometallation-carboxylation mechanism is unlikely because water/carbonic acid (H-resource) are inferior hydride donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Shao
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China.
| | - Wan Nie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Chengyu Yao
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China.
| | - Lina Ye
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China.
| | - Haizhu Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China. .,Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China
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26
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Davies J, Lyonnet JR, Zimin DP, Martin R. The road to industrialization of fine chemical carboxylation reactions. Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2021.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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27
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Tortajada A, Börjesson M, Martin R. Nickel-Catalyzed Reductive Carboxylation and Amidation Reactions. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:3941-3952. [PMID: 34586783 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquity and importance of carboxylic acids and amides in peptides, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and synthetic materials has challenged chemists to design de novo catalytic carboxylation and amidation protocols. They represent a powerful alternative to canonical oxidation of alcohols and aldehydes, hydrolysis of nitriles, transamidation reactions, or condensation techniques for the synthesis of these functional groups. Among various scenarios, the recent years have witnessed considerable advances in Ni-catalyzed reductive carboxylation and amidation reactions utilizing carbon dioxide and isocyanate counterparts. This Account aims to highlight the progress made in this arena with a historical perspective, with particular emphasis on the methodologies that have emanated from our laboratories without losing sight of the underlying principles by which these reactions operate, with the ultimate goal of allowing the transition from comprehension to prediction in this exciting field.Unlike the utilization of conventional polar yet highly reactive organometallic reagents in carboxylation or amidation reactions, the utilization of nickel catalysts has allowed the use of carbon dioxide and isocyanates with less reactive and less-polarized counterparts for the formations of carboxylic acids and amides. These less reactive groups include organic halides and pseudohalides (i.e., alkyl bromides and chlorides, esters, alcohols, and ammonium salts), unsaturated hydrocarbons (i.e., alkynes, styrenes, unactivated alkenes, and dienes) or even C-H bonds, where forging the targeted C-C bond at previously unfunctionalized C-H linkages was possible, thus giving access to densely functionalized compounds that would be difficult to access otherwise. The C-H functionalization includes chain-walking scenarios, where subtle changes in the ligand and reaction conditions marked the selectivity of the transformations, and reactions via a [1,4]-Ni shift, where selective carboxylation in aromatic rings could be achieved. Conceptuality and practicality aside, these transformations have even offered the possibility of modulating and dictating the site-selectivity pattern, thus providing not only new vistas when controlling the selectivity of bond-forming reactions at specific sites within the side chain but also new knowledge in retrosynthetic analysis when accessing carboxylic acids and amide backbones. Importantly, these techniques have shown to be particularly suited for the preparation of isotopically labeled molecules when using 13CO2 or even 14CO2, thus becoming a useful endeavor in the drug discovery pipeline. Although mechanistic understanding at the molecular level still constitutes the "Achilles heel" of these transformations, the recent empirical discoveries and the rapid adoption of these protocols by the community augurs well for the widespread utilization of reductive carboxylation and amidation reactions in both academic and industrial laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreu Tortajada
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo, 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Marino Börjesson
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo, 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ruben Martin
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys, 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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28
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Matsubara K. Well-Defined NHC-Ni Complexes as Catalysts: Preparation, Structures and Mechanistic Studies in Cross-Coupling Reactions. CHEM REC 2021; 21:3925-3942. [PMID: 34596959 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Developmental studies are ongoing to discover a way to utilise new N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-Ni complexes as catalysts. Using a bulky NHC ligand, it is possible to synthesise an NHC/phosphine-mixed heteroleptic Ni(II) complex, which can serve as an excellent catalyst for various cross-coupling reactions. During the study of the reaction mechanisms using these Ni complexes, NHC-Ni(I) complexes were accidentally discovered, and it was observed that they exhibit excellent catalytic activity for cross-coupling reactions. The possibility of the presence of NHC-Ni(I) intermediates in these catalytic reaction pathways has been experimentally demonstrated. Depending on the type of reaction, dinuclear Ni(I) and mononuclear Ni(I) complexes can function as intermediates. The results of the investigation of each reaction mechanism are summarised, and the prospects are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouki Matsubara
- Department of Chemistry, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
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29
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Corbin N, Yang DT, Lazouski N, Steinberg K, Manthiram K. Suppressing carboxylate nucleophilicity with inorganic salts enables selective electrocarboxylation without sacrificial anodes. Chem Sci 2021; 12:12365-12376. [PMID: 34603666 PMCID: PMC8480422 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02413b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Although electrocarboxylation reactions use CO2 as a renewable synthon and can incorporate renewable electricity as a driving force, the overall sustainability and practicality of this process is limited by the use of sacrificial anodes such as magnesium and aluminum. Replacing these anodes for the carboxylation of organic halides is not trivial because the cations produced from their oxidation inhibit a variety of undesired nucleophilic reactions that form esters, carbonates, and alcohols. Herein, a strategy to maintain selectivity without a sacrificial anode is developed by adding a salt with an inorganic cation that blocks nucleophilic reactions. Using anhydrous MgBr2 as a low-cost, soluble source of Mg2+ cations, carboxylation of a variety of aliphatic, benzylic, and aromatic halides was achieved with moderate to good (34-78%) yields without a sacrificial anode. Moreover, the yields from the sacrificial-anode-free process were often comparable or better than those from a traditional sacrificial-anode process. Examining a wide variety of substrates shows a correlation between known nucleophilic susceptibilities of carbon-halide bonds and selectivity loss in the absence of a Mg2+ source. The carboxylate anion product was also discovered to mitigate cathodic passivation by insoluble carbonates produced as byproducts from concomitant CO2 reduction to CO, although this protection can eventually become insufficient when sacrificial anodes are used. These results are a key step toward sustainable and practical carboxylation by providing an electrolyte design guideline to obviate the need for sacrificial anodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Corbin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA
| | - Deng-Tao Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA
| | - Nikifar Lazouski
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA
| | - Katherine Steinberg
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA
| | - Karthish Manthiram
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA
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30
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Toriumi N, Shimomaki K, Caner J, Murata K, Martin R, Iwasawa N. Mechanistic Studies into Visible Light-Driven Carboxylation of Aryl Halides/Triflates by the Combined Use of Palladium and Photoredox Catalysts. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20210151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Toriumi
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Katsuya Shimomaki
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Joaquim Caner
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Kei Murata
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Ruben Martin
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig Lluïs Companys, 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nobuharu Iwasawa
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
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31
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Beutner GL, Simmons EM, Ayers S, Bemis CY, Goldfogel MJ, Joe CL, Marshall J, Wisniewski SR. A Process Chemistry Benchmark for sp 2-sp 3 Cross Couplings. J Org Chem 2021; 86:10380-10396. [PMID: 34255510 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
As sp2-sp3 disconnections gain acceptance in the medicinal chemist's toolbox, an increasing number of potential drug candidates containing this motif are moving into the pharmaceutical development pipeline. This raises a new set of questions and challenges around the novel, direct methodologies available for forging these bonds. These questions gain further importance in the context of process chemistry, where the focus is the development of scalable processes that enable the large-scale delivery of clinical supplies. In this paper, we describe our efforts to apply a wide variety of standard, photo-, and electrochemical sp2-sp3 cross-coupling methods to a pharmaceutically relevant intermediate and optimize each through a combination of high throughput and mechanistically guided experimentation. With data regarding the performance, benefits, and limitations of these novel methods, we evaluate them against a more traditional two-step palladium-catalyzed process. This work reveals trends and similarities between these sp2-sp3 bond-forming methods and suggests a path forward for further refinements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory L Beutner
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Eric M Simmons
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Sloan Ayers
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Christopher Y Bemis
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Matthew J Goldfogel
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Candice L Joe
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Jonathan Marshall
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Steven R Wisniewski
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
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32
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Davies J, Janssen-Müller D, Zimin DP, Day CS, Yanagi T, Elfert J, Martin R. Ni-Catalyzed Carboxylation of Aziridines en Route to β-Amino Acids. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:4949-4954. [PMID: 33724815 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c01916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A Ni-catalyzed reductive carboxylation of N-substituted aziridines with CO2 at atmospheric pressure is disclosed. The protocol is characterized by its mild conditions, experimental ease, and exquisite chemo- and regioselectivity pattern, thus unlocking a new catalytic blueprint to access β-amino acids, important building blocks with considerable potential as peptidomimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Davies
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Daniel Janssen-Müller
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Dmitry P Zimin
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, c/Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Craig S Day
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, c/Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Tomoyuki Yanagi
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jonas Elfert
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ruben Martin
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys, 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
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33
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Liu C. Theoretical research on the direct carboxylation of benzene with CO
2
catalyzed by different carbene‐CuOH compounds. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Liu
- Research and Development Center ShanDong GuoBang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Weifang Shandong China
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34
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Fehér PP, Joó F, Papp G, Purgel M. Hydrogenation of Cinnamaldehyde by Water‐Soluble Ruthenium(II) Phosphine Complexes: A DFT Study on the Selectivity and Viability of
trans
‐Dihydride Pathways. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Péter Pál Fehér
- Department of Physical Chemistry University of Debrecen Egyetem tér 1 4032 Debrecen Hungary
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Research Centre for Natural Sciences Magyar tudósok körútja 2 1117 Budapest Hungary
| | - Ferenc Joó
- Department of Physical Chemistry University of Debrecen Egyetem tér 1 4032 Debrecen Hungary
- MTA-DE Redox and Homogeneous Catalytic Reaction Mechanisms Research Group University of Debrecen Egyetem tér 1 4032 Debrecen Hungary
| | - Gábor Papp
- Department of Physical Chemistry University of Debrecen Egyetem tér 1 4032 Debrecen Hungary
| | - Mihály Purgel
- Department of Physical Chemistry University of Debrecen Egyetem tér 1 4032 Debrecen Hungary
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35
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Baughman NN, Akhmedov NG, Petersen JL, Popp BV. Experimental and Computational Analysis of CO2 Addition Reactions Relevant to Copper-Catalyzed Boracarboxylation of Vinyl Arenes: Evidence for a Phosphine-Promoted Mechanism. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Notashia N. Baughman
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, 100 Prospect Street, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Novruz G. Akhmedov
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, 100 Prospect Street, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Jeffrey L. Petersen
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, 100 Prospect Street, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Brian V. Popp
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, 100 Prospect Street, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
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36
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Pradhan S, Roy S, Sahoo B, Chatterjee I. Utilization of CO 2 Feedstock for Organic Synthesis by Visible-Light Photoredox Catalysis. Chemistry 2020; 27:2254-2269. [PMID: 32931070 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
CO2 is a highly abundant, green, and sustainable carbon feedstock. Despite its kinetic inertness and thermodynamic stability, the development of various catalytic techniques has enabled the conversion of CO2 to value-added products such as carboxylic acids, amino acids, and heterocyclic compounds, where visible-light photocatalysis has emerged to be an efficient promoter of these processes. This Minireview covers the progress in the areas of CO2 incorporation onto organic matters based on the combined venture of renewable resources of CO2 and light energy with significant emphasis on the last three years' developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Nangal Road, Rupnagar, Punjab, 140001, India
| | - Sourav Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Nangal Road, Rupnagar, Punjab, 140001, India
| | - Basudev Sahoo
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and, Research (IISER) Thiruvananthapuram, Maruthamala PO, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, 695551, Kerala, India
| | - Indranil Chatterjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Nangal Road, Rupnagar, Punjab, 140001, India
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37
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Wang Y, Jiang X, Wang B. Cobalt-catalyzed carboxylation of aryl and vinyl chlorides with CO 2. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:14416-14419. [PMID: 33146176 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06451c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The transition-metal-catalyzed carboxylation of aryl and vinyl chlorides with CO2 is rarely studied, and has been achieved only with a Ni catalyst or combination of palladium and photoredox. In this work, the cobalt-catalyzed carboxylation of aryl and vinyl chlorides and bromides with CO2 has been developed. These transformations proceed under mild conditions and exhibit a broad substrate scope, affording the corresponding carboxylic acids in good to high yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.
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38
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Charboneau DJ, Barth EL, Hazari N, Uehling MR, Zultanski SL. A Widely Applicable Dual Catalytic System for Cross-Electrophile Coupling Enabled by Mechanistic Studies. ACS Catal 2020; 10:12642-12656. [PMID: 33628617 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A dual catalytic system for cross-electrophile coupling reactions between aryl halides and alkyl halides that features a Ni catalyst, a Co cocatalyst, and a mild homogeneous reductant is described. Mechanistic studies indicate that the Ni catalyst activates the aryl halide, while the Co cocatalyst activates the alkyl halide. This allows the system to be rationally optimized for a variety of substrate classes by simply modifying the loadings of the Ni and Co catalysts based on the reaction product profile. For example, the coupling of aryl bromides and aryl iodides with alkyl bromides, alkyl iodides, and benzyl chlorides is demonstrated using the same Ni and Co catalysts under similar reaction conditions but with different optimal catalyst loadings in each case. Our system is tolerant of numerous functional groups and is capable of coupling heteroaryl halides, di-ortho-substituted aryl halides, pharmaceutically relevant druglike aryl halides, and a diverse range of alkyl halides. Additionally, the dual catalytic platform facilitates a series of selective one-pot three-component cross-electrophile coupling reactions of bromo(iodo)arenes with two distinct alkyl halides. This demonstrates the unique level of control that the platform provides and enables the rapid generation of molecular complexity. The system can be readily utilized for a wide range of applications as all reaction components are commercially available, the reaction is scalable, and toxic amide-based solvents are not required. It is anticipated that this strategy, as well as the underlying mechanistic framework, will be generalizable to other cross-electrophile coupling reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J. Charboneau
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P. O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Emily L. Barth
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P. O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Nilay Hazari
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P. O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Mycah R. Uehling
- Merck & Co., Inc., Discovery Chemistry, HTE and Lead Discovery Capabilities, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Susan L. Zultanski
- Merck & Co., Inc., Department of Process Research and Development, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
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39
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Gao XT, Zhang Z, Wang X, Tian JS, Xie SL, Zhou F, Zhou J. Direct electrochemical defluorinative carboxylation of α-CF 3 alkenes with carbon dioxide. Chem Sci 2020; 11:10414-10420. [PMID: 34123181 PMCID: PMC8162267 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04091f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
An unprecedented γ-carboxylation of α-CF3 alkenes with CO2 is reported. This approach constitutes a rare example of using electrochemical methods to achieve regioselectivity complementary to conventional metal catalysis. Accordingly, using platinum plate as both a working cathode and a nonsacrificial anode in a user-friendly undivided cell under constant current conditions, the γ-carboxylation provides efficient access to vinylacetic acids bearing a gem-difluoroalkene moiety from a broad range of substrates. The synthetic utility is further demonstrated by gram-scale synthesis and elaboration to several value-added products. Cyclic voltammetry and density functional theory calculations were performed to provide mechanistic insights into the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Tong Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University 3663N Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 P. R. China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University 3663N Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 P. R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610064 P. R. China
| | - Jun-Song Tian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University 3663N Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 P. R. China
| | - Shi-Liang Xie
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University 3663N Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 P. R. China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University 3663N Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University 3663N Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
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40
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Pei C, Zong J, Han S, Li B, Wang B. Ni-Catalyzed Direct Carboxylation of an Unactivated C-H Bond with CO 2. Org Lett 2020; 22:6897-6902. [PMID: 32812433 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The transition-metal-catalyzed direct carboxylation of an unactivated C-H bond is rarely reported, and no example of catalysis using abundant and cheap nickel has been reported. In this work, the first Ni-catalyzed direct carboxylation of an unactivated C-H bond under an atmospheric pressure of CO2 is reported. This method affords moderate to high carboxylation yields of various methyl carboxylates under mild conditions. Preliminary mechanistic studies reveal that a Ni(0)-Ni(II)-Ni(I) catalytic cycle may be involved in this reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunzhe Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiarui Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanglin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Baiquan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
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41
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Zhang Z, Ye JH, Ju T, Liao LL, Huang H, Gui YY, Zhou WJ, Yu DG. Visible-Light-Driven Catalytic Reductive Carboxylation with CO2. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Heng Ye
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Tao Ju
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Li-Li Liao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - He Huang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Yuan Gui
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Jun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang 641100, P. R. China
| | - Da-Gang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
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42
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Reductive cyanation of organic chlorides using CO 2 and NH 3 via Triphos-Ni(I) species. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4096. [PMID: 32796845 PMCID: PMC7428002 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17939-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyano-containing compounds constitute important pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and organic materials. Traditional cyanation methods often rely on the use of toxic metal cyanides which have serious disposal, storage and transportation issues. Therefore, there is an increasing need to develop general and efficient catalytic methods for cyanide-free production of nitriles. Here we report the reductive cyanation of organic chlorides using CO2/NH3 as the electrophilic CN source. The use of tridentate phosphine ligand Triphos allows for the nickel-catalyzed cyanation of a broad array of aryl and aliphatic chlorides to produce the desired nitrile products in good yields, and with excellent functional group tolerance. Cheap and bench-stable urea was also shown as suitable CN source, suggesting promising application potential. Mechanistic studies imply that Triphos-Ni(I) species are responsible for the reductive C-C coupling approach involving isocyanate intermediates. This method expands the application potential of reductive cyanation in the synthesis of functionalized nitrile compounds under cyanide-free conditions, which is valuable for safe synthesis of (isotope-labeled) drugs. Nitriles are key intermediates in production of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and organic materials. Here, the authors report a nickel-catalyzed reductive cyanation of organic chlorides with CO2/NH3 and urea as cyanation reagents to afford a broad range of organic nitriles.
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43
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Somerville RJ, Odena C, Obst MF, Hazari N, Hopmann KH, Martin R. Ni(I)-Alkyl Complexes Bearing Phenanthroline Ligands: Experimental Evidence for CO 2 Insertion at Ni(I) Centers. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:10936-10941. [PMID: 32520556 PMCID: PMC7351122 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c04695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Although the catalytic carboxylation of unactivated alkyl electrophiles has reached remarkable levels of sophistication, the intermediacy of (phenanthroline)Ni(I)-alkyl species-complexes proposed in numerous Ni-catalyzed reductive cross-coupling reactions-has been subject to speculation. Herein we report the synthesis of such elusive (phenanthroline)Ni(I) species and their reactivity with CO2, allowing us to address a long-standing question related to Ni-catalyzed carboxylation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosie J Somerville
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Quı́mica Analı́tica i Quı́mica Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, c/Marcel·lı́ Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Carlota Odena
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Quı́mica Analı́tica i Quı́mica Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, c/Marcel·lı́ Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Marc F Obst
- Hylleraas Center for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9307 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Nilay Hazari
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Kathrin H Hopmann
- Hylleraas Center for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9307 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ruben Martin
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,ICREA, Passeig Lluı́s Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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44
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Kim S, Goldfogel MJ, Gilbert MM, Weix DJ. Nickel-Catalyzed Cross-Electrophile Coupling of Aryl Chlorides with Primary Alkyl Chlorides. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:9902-9907. [PMID: 32412241 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Alkyl chlorides and aryl chlorides are among the most abundant and stable carbon electrophiles. Although their coupling with carbon nucleophiles is well developed, the cross-electrophile coupling of aryl chlorides with alkyl chlorides has remained a challenge. We report here the first general approach to this transformation. The key to productive, selective cross-coupling is the use of a small amount of iodide or bromide along with a recently reported ligand, pyridine-2,6-bis(N-cyanocarboxamidine) (PyBCamCN). The scope of the reaction is demonstrated with 35 examples (63 ± 16% average yield), and we show that the Br- and I- additives act as cocatalysts, generating a low, steady-state concentration of more-reactive alkyl bromide/iodide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seoyoung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Matthew J Goldfogel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Michael M Gilbert
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Daniel J Weix
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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45
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Diccianni J, Lin Q, Diao T. Mechanisms of Nickel-Catalyzed Coupling Reactions and Applications in Alkene Functionalization. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:906-919. [PMID: 32237734 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nickel complexes exhibit distinct properties from other group 10 metals, including a small nuclear radius, high paring energy, low electronegativity, and low redox potentials. These properties enable Ni catalysts to accommodate and stabilize paramagnetic intermediates, access radical pathways, and undergo slow β-H elimination. Our research program investigates how each of these fundamental attributes impact the catalytic properties of Ni, in particular in the context of alkene functionalization.Alkenes are versatile functional groups, but stereoselective carbofunctionalization reactions of alkenes have been underdeveloped. This challenge may derive from the difficulty of controlling selectivity via traditional two-electron migratory insertion pathways. Ni catalysts could lead to different stereodetermining steps via radical mechanisms, allowing access to molecular scaffolds that are otherwise difficult to prepare. For example, an asymmetric alkene diarylation reaction developed by our group relies upon the radical properties of Ni(III) intermediates to control the enantioselectivity and give access to a library of chiral α,α,β-triarylethane molecules with biological activity.Mechanistic studies on a two-component reductive 1,2-difunctionalization reaction have shed light on the origin of the cross-electrophile selectivity, as C sp2 and C sp3 electrophiles are independently activated at Ni(I) via two-electron and radical pathways, respectively. Catalyst reduction has been identified to be the turnover-limiting step in this system. A closer investigation of the radical formation step using a (Xantphos)Ni(I)Ar model complex reveals that Ni(I) initiates radical formation via a concerted halogen-abstraction pathway.The low redox potentials of Ni have allowed us to develop a reductive, trans-selective diene cyclization, wherein a classic two-electron mechanism operates on a Ni(I)/Ni(III) platform, accounting for the chemo- and stereoselectivity. This reaction has found applications in the efficient synthesis of pharmaceutically relevant molecules, such as 3,4-dimethylgababutin.The tendency of Ni to undergo one-electron redox processes prompted us to explore dinuclear Ni-mediated bond formations. These studies provide insight into Ni-Ni bonding and how two metal centers react cooperatively to promote C-C, C-X, and N-N bond forming reductive elimination.Finally, isolation of β-agostic Ni and Pd complexes has allowed for X-ray and neutron diffraction characterization of these highly reactive molecules. The bonding parameters serve as unambiguous evidence for β-agostic interactions and help rationalize the slower β-H elimination at Ni relative to Pd. Overall, our research has elucidated the fundamental properties of Ni complexes in several contexts. Greater mechanistic understanding facilitates catalyst design and helps rationalize the reactivity and selectivity in Ni-catalyzed alkene functionalization reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Diccianni
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Qiao Lin
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Tianning Diao
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003, United States
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Duffy IR, Vasdev N, Dahl K. Copper(I)-Mediated 11C-Carboxylation of (Hetero)arylstannanes. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:8242-8250. [PMID: 32309734 PMCID: PMC7161067 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A novel copper-mediated carboxylation strategy of aryl- and heteroaryl-stannanes is described. The method serves as a mild (i.e., 1 atm) carboxylation method using stable carbon dioxide and is transferable as a radiosynthetic approach for carbon-11-labeled aromatic and heteroaromatic carboxylic acids using sub-stoichiometric quantities of [11C]CO2. The methodology was applied to the radiosynthesis of the retinoid X receptor agonist, [11C]bexarotene, with a decay-corrected radiochemical yield of 32 ± 5% and molar activity of 38 ± 23 GBq/μmol (n = 3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian R. Duffy
- Azrieli
Centre for Neuro-Radiochemistry, Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T
1R8, Canada
| | - Neil Vasdev
- Azrieli
Centre for Neuro-Radiochemistry, Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T
1R8, Canada
- Department
of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T
1R8, Canada
| | - Kenneth Dahl
- Azrieli
Centre for Neuro-Radiochemistry, Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T
1R8, Canada
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Donslund AS, Pedersen SS, Gaardbo C, Neumann KT, Kingston L, Elmore CS, Skrydstrup T. Direct Access to Isotopically Labeled Aliphatic Ketones Mediated by Nickel(I) Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201916391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aske S. Donslund
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC)Department of Chemistry and the Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO)Aarhus University Gustav Wieds Vej 14 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Simon S. Pedersen
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC)Department of Chemistry and the Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO)Aarhus University Gustav Wieds Vej 14 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Cecilie Gaardbo
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC)Department of Chemistry and the Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO)Aarhus University Gustav Wieds Vej 14 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Karoline T. Neumann
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC)Department of Chemistry and the Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO)Aarhus University Gustav Wieds Vej 14 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Lee Kingston
- Isotope ChemistryEarly Chemical DevelopmentPharmaceutical Sciences, R&DAstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals 43183 Gothenberg Sweden
| | - Charles S. Elmore
- Isotope ChemistryEarly Chemical DevelopmentPharmaceutical Sciences, R&DAstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals 43183 Gothenberg Sweden
| | - Troels Skrydstrup
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC)Department of Chemistry and the Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO)Aarhus University Gustav Wieds Vej 14 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
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48
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Donslund AS, Pedersen SS, Gaardbo C, Neumann KT, Kingston L, Elmore CS, Skrydstrup T. Direct Access to Isotopically Labeled Aliphatic Ketones Mediated by Nickel(I) Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:8099-8103. [PMID: 32017346 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201916391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An extensive range of functionalized aliphatic ketones with good functional-group tolerance has been prepared by a NiI -promoted coupling of either primary or secondary alkyl iodides with NN2 pincer NiII -acyl complexes. The latter were easily accessed from the corresponding NiII -alkyl complexes with stoichiometric CO. This Ni-mediated carbonylative coupling is adaptable to late-stage carbon isotope labeling, as illustrated by the preparation of isotopically labelled pharmaceuticals. Preliminary investigations suggest the intermediacy of carbon-centered radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aske S Donslund
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), Department of Chemistry and the Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Simon S Pedersen
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), Department of Chemistry and the Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Cecilie Gaardbo
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), Department of Chemistry and the Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Karoline T Neumann
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), Department of Chemistry and the Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Lee Kingston
- Isotope Chemistry, Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, 43183, Gothenberg, Sweden
| | - Charles S Elmore
- Isotope Chemistry, Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, 43183, Gothenberg, Sweden
| | - Troels Skrydstrup
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), Department of Chemistry and the Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
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Yanagi T, Somerville RJ, Nogi K, Martin R, Yorimitsu H. Ni-Catalyzed Carboxylation of C(sp2)–S Bonds with CO2: Evidence for the Multifaceted Role of Zn. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b05141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Yanagi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Rosie J. Somerville
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, c/Marcel·lí Domingo, 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Keisuke Nogi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Ruben Martin
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys, 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hideki Yorimitsu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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50
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Hang W, Yi Y, Xi C. Cp2TiCl2-Catalyzed Carboxylation of Aryl Chlorides with Carbon Dioxide in the Presence of n-BuMgCl. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaping Yi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chanjuan Xi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
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