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Moreno CJ, Hernández K, Gittings S, Bolte M, Joglar J, Bujons J, Parella T, Clapés P. Biocatalytic Synthesis of Homochiral 2-Hydroxy-4-butyrolactone Derivatives by Tandem Aldol Addition and Carbonyl Reduction. ACS Catal 2023; 13:5348-5357. [PMID: 37123603 PMCID: PMC10127515 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c00367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Chiral 2-hydroxy acids and 2-hydroxy-4-butyrolactone derivatives are structural motifs often found in fine and commodity chemicals. Here, we report a tandem biocatalytic stereodivergent route for the preparation of these compounds using three stereoselective aldolases and two stereocomplementary ketoreductases using simple and achiral starting materials. The strategy comprises (i) aldol addition reaction of 2-oxoacids to aldehydes using two aldolases from E. coli, 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate hydroxymethyltransferase (KPHMT Ecoli ), 2-keto-3-deoxy-l-rhamnonate aldolase (YfaU Ecoli ), and trans-o-hydroxybenzylidene pyruvate hydratase-aldolase from Pseudomonas putida (HBPA Pputida ) and (ii) subsequent 2-oxogroup reduction of the aldol adduct by ketopantoate reductase from E. coli (KPR Ecoli ) and a Δ1-piperidine-2-carboxylate/Δ1-pyrroline-2-carboxylate reductase from Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DSM 50315 (DpkA Psyrin ) with uncovered promiscuous ketoreductase activity. A total of 29 structurally diverse compounds were prepared: both enantiomers of 2-hydroxy-4-butyrolactone (>99% ee), 21 2-hydroxy-3-substituted-4-butyrolactones with the (2R,3S), (2S,3S), (2R,3R), or (2S,3R) configuration (from 60:40 to 98:2 dr), and 6 2-hydroxy-4-substituted-4-butyrolactones with the (2S,4R) configuration (from 87:13 to 98:2 dr). Conversions of aldol adducts varied from 32 to 98%, while quantitative conversions were achieved by both ketoreductases, with global isolated yields between 20 and 45% for most of the examples. One-pot one-step cascade reactions were successfully conducted achieving isolated yields from 30 to 57%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos J. Moreno
- Dept. of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, IQAC-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Karel Hernández
- Dept. of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, IQAC-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Samantha Gittings
- Prozomix Ltd., West End Industrial Estate, Haltwhistle, Northumberland NE49 9HA, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Bolte
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, J.-W.-Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt/Main, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, D-60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Jesús Joglar
- Dept. of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, IQAC-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Bujons
- Dept. of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, IQAC-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teodor Parella
- Servei de Ressonància Magnètica Nuclear. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Pere Clapés
- Dept. of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, IQAC-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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2
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Royer SF, Gao X, Groleau RR, van der Kamp MW, Bull SD, Danson MJ, Crennell SJ. Structurally Informed Mutagenesis of a Stereochemically Promiscuous Aldolase Produces Mutants That Catalyze the Diastereoselective Syntheses of All Four Stereoisomers of 3-Deoxy-hexulosonic Acid. ACS Catal 2022; 12:11444-11455. [PMID: 36158901 PMCID: PMC9486944 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
A 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate
aldolase from the hyperthermophile Sulfolobus solfataricus catalyzes the nonstereoselective
aldol reaction of pyruvate and d-glyceraldehyde to produce
2-keto-3-deoxygluconate (d-KDGlc) and 2-keto-3-deoxy-d-galactonate (d-KDGal). Previous investigations into
curing the stereochemical promiscuity of this hyperstable aldolase
used high-resolution structures of the aldolase bound to d-KDGlc or d-KDGal to identify critical amino acids involved
in substrate binding for mutation. This structure-guided approach
enabled mutant variants to be created that could stereoselectively
catalyze the aldol reaction of pyruvate and natural d-glyceraldehyde
to selectively afford d-KDGlc or d-KDGal. Here we
describe the creation of two further mutants of this Sulfolobus aldolase that can be used to catalyze aldol reactions between pyruvate
and non-natural l-glyceraldehyde to enable the diastereoselective
synthesis of l-KDGlc and l-KDGal. High-resolution
crystal structures of all four variant aldolases have been determined
(both unliganded and liganded), including Variant 1 with d-KDGlc, Variant 2 with pyruvate, Variant 3 with l-KDGlc,
and Variant 4 with l-KDGal. These structures have enabled
us to rationalize the observed changes in diastereoselectivities in
these variant-catalyzed aldol reactions at a molecular level. Interestingly,
the active site of Variant 4 was found to be sufficiently flexible
to enable catalytically important amino acids to be replaced while
still retaining sufficient enzymic activity to enable production of l-KDGal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain F. Royer
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Xuan Gao
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, U.K
| | | | - Marc W. van der Kamp
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, U.K
| | - Steven D. Bull
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Michael J. Danson
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Susan J. Crennell
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
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3
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Fang J, Turner LE, Chang MCY. Biocatalytic Asymmetric Construction of Secondary and Tertiary Fluorides from β-Fluoro-α-Ketoacids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202201602. [PMID: 35165991 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202201602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Fluorine is a critical element for the design of bioactive compounds, driving advances in selective and sustainable fluorination. However, stereogenic tertiary fluorides pose a synthetic challenge and are thus present in only a few approved drugs (fluticasone, solithromycin, and sofosbuvir). The aldol reaction of fluorinated donors provides an atom-economical approach to asymmetric C-F motifs via C-C bond formation. We report that the type II pyruvate aldolase HpcH and engineered variants perform addition of β-fluoro-α-ketoacids (including fluoropyruvate, β-fluoro-α-ketobutyrate, and β-fluoro-α-ketovalerate) to diverse aldehydes. The reactivity of HpcH towards these fluoro-donors grants access to enantiopure secondary or tertiary fluorides. In addition to representing the first synthesis of tertiary fluorides via biocatalytic carboligation, the afforded products could improve the diversity of fluorinated building blocks and enable the synthesis of fluorinated drug analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Fang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Laura E Turner
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Michelle C Y Chang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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4
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Khatri HR, Han C, Alkhodier RA, Adam AT, Islam B, Colby DA. Generation of formaldehyde and formaldehyde-d 2 for hydroxymethylations and hydroxydeuteromethylations of difluoroenolates and difluorobenzyl carbanions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:5490-5493. [PMID: 35416212 PMCID: PMC9205602 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01518h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A method for the in situ production of formaldehyde from dimethylsulfoxide, bromine, and cesium carbonate is reported for reactions with difluoroenolates and difluorobenzyl carbanions. This process also generates formaldehyde-d2 for the production of 2,2-difluoro-1,1-deuteroethanols. Mechanistic and computational studies further characterize the production of hydroxymethylated and hydroxydeuteromethylated difluorinated organic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari R Khatri
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, University Mississippi, USA.
| | - Changho Han
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Reem A Alkhodier
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, University Mississippi, USA.
| | - Amna T Adam
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, University Mississippi, USA.
| | - Baharul Islam
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, University Mississippi, USA.
| | - David A Colby
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, University Mississippi, USA.
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5
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Fang J, Turner LE, Chang MCY. Biocatalytic Asymmetric Construction of Secondary and Tertiary Fluorides from β‐Fluoro‐α‐Ketoacids**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason Fang
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Laura E. Turner
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Michelle C. Y. Chang
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering University of California, Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Department of Molecular & Cell Biology University of California, Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA
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6
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Doyon TJ, Kumar P, Thein S, Kim M, Stitgen A, Grieger AM, Madigan C, Willoughby PH, Buller AR. Scalable and Selective β-Hydroxy-α-Amino Acid Synthesis Catalyzed by Promiscuous l-Threonine Transaldolase ObiH. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202100577. [PMID: 34699683 PMCID: PMC8796315 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes from secondary metabolic pathways possess broad potential for the selective synthesis of complex bioactive molecules. However, the practical application of these enzymes for organic synthesis is dependent on the development of efficient, economical, operationally simple, and well-characterized systems for preparative scale reactions. We sought to bridge this knowledge gap for the selective biocatalytic synthesis of β-hydroxy-α-amino acids, which are important synthetic building blocks. To achieve this goal, we demonstrated the ability of ObiH, an l-threonine transaldolase, to achieve selective milligram-scale synthesis of a diverse array of non-standard amino acids (nsAAs) using a scalable whole cell platform. We show how the initial selectivity of the catalyst is high and how the diastereomeric ratio of products decreases at high conversion due to product re-entry into the catalytic cycle. ObiH-catalyzed reactions with a variety of aromatic, aliphatic and heterocyclic aldehydes selectively generated a panel of β-hydroxy-α-amino acids possessing broad functional-group diversity. Furthermore, we demonstrated that ObiH-generated β-hydroxy-α-amino acids could be modified through additional transformations to access important motifs, such as β-chloro-α-amino acids and substituted α-keto acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J. Doyon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - Prasanth Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - Sierra Thein
- Department of Chemistry, Ripon College, Ripon, WI 54971, United States
| | - Maeve Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Ripon College, Ripon, WI 54971, United States
| | - Abigail Stitgen
- Department of Chemistry, Ripon College, Ripon, WI 54971, United States
| | | | - Cormac Madigan
- Department of Chemistry, Ripon College, Ripon, WI 54971, United States
| | | | - Andrew R. Buller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States
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7
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Hélaine V, Gastaldi C, Lemaire M, Clapés P, Guérard-Hélaine C. Recent Advances in the Substrate Selectivity of Aldolases. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c04273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Virgil Hélaine
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Cédric Gastaldi
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marielle Lemaire
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Pere Clapés
- Biological Chemistry Department, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, IQAC−CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christine Guérard-Hélaine
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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8
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Gastaldi C, Ngahan Tagne R, Laurent V, Hélaine V, Petit J, Traïkia M, Berardinis V, Lemaire M, Guérard‐Hélaine C. One Step Forward in Exploration of Class II Pyruvate Aldolases Nucleophile and Electrophile Substrate Specificity. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202100932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Gastaldi
- Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS SIGMA Clermont 63000 Clermont-Ferrand France
| | - Rolande Ngahan Tagne
- Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS SIGMA Clermont 63000 Clermont-Ferrand France
| | - Victor Laurent
- Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS SIGMA Clermont 63000 Clermont-Ferrand France
| | - Virgil Hélaine
- Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS SIGMA Clermont 63000 Clermont-Ferrand France
| | - Jean‐Louis Petit
- Génomique Métabolique Génoscope Institut François Jacob CEA CNRS Université Paris-Saclay Évry-Courcouronnes 91057 Evry France
| | - Mounir Traïkia
- Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS SIGMA Clermont 63000 Clermont-Ferrand France
| | - Véronique Berardinis
- Génomique Métabolique Génoscope Institut François Jacob CEA CNRS Université Paris-Saclay Évry-Courcouronnes 91057 Evry France
| | - Marielle Lemaire
- Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS SIGMA Clermont 63000 Clermont-Ferrand France
| | - Christine Guérard‐Hélaine
- Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS SIGMA Clermont 63000 Clermont-Ferrand France
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9
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Pickl M. Recent trends in the stereoselective synthesis of (poly)-substituted 2-oxo acids by biocatalyzed aldol reaction. CURRENT OPINION IN GREEN AND SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY 2021; 30:100476. [PMID: 34141957 PMCID: PMC7610986 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogsc.2021.100476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Recently, an increased interest toward enzymatic carboligation was observed, as biocatalytic carbon-carbon bond formation is a common obstacle in retrosynthetic planning. The construction of extended 2-oxoacid frameworks by 2-oxoacid aldolases and enzymes acting as aldolases is a potent tool for synthetic chemists since a broad spectrum of downstream reactions through functional group interconversions gives access to a plethora of compound classes. In the search for selective biocatalysts, successful protein engineering efforts and high throughput screenings from biodiversity expand the structural diversity of nucleophile and electrophile substrates. Several successful examples with an emphasis on reactions catalyzed by class II aldolases and enzymes acting as class II aldolases are highlighted, including reactions in which both enantiomeric products and in selected cases even diastereomeric products are accessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Pickl
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
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10
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Pickl M, Marín-Valls R, Joglar J, Bujons J, Clapés P. Chemoenzymatic Production of Enantiocomplementary 2-Substituted 3-Hydroxycarboxylic Acids from L-α-Amino Acids. Adv Synth Catal 2021; 363:2866-2876. [PMID: 34276272 PMCID: PMC7611260 DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A two-enzyme cascade reaction plus in situ oxidative decarboxylation for the transformation of readily available canonical and non-canonical L-α-amino acids into 2-substituted 3-hydroxy-carboxylic acid derivatives is described. The biocatalytic cascade consisted of an oxidative deamination of L-α-amino acids by an L-α-amino acid deaminase from Cosenzaea myxofaciens, rendering 2-oxoacid intermediates, with an ensuing aldol addition reaction to formaldehyde, catalyzed by metal-dependent (R)- or (S)-selective carboligases namely 2-oxo-3-deoxy-l-rhamnonate aldolase (YfaU) and ketopantoate hydroxymethyltransferase (KPHMT), respectively, furnishing 3-substituted 4-hydroxy-2-oxoacids. The overall substrate conversion was optimized by balancing biocatalyst loading and amino acid and formaldehyde concentrations, yielding 36-98% aldol adduct formation and 91- 98% ee for each enantiomer. Subsequent in situ follow-up chemistry via hydrogen peroxide-driven oxidative decarboxylation afforded the corresponding 2-substituted 3-hydroxycarboxylic acid derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Pickl
- Department of Chemical Biology. Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18–26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Roser Marín-Valls
- Department of Chemical Biology. Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18–26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Joglar
- Department of Chemical Biology. Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18–26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Bujons
- Department of Chemical Biology. Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18–26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Clapés
- Department of Chemical Biology. Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18–26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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11
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Porey A, Mondal BD, Guin J. Hydrogen-Bonding Assisted Catalytic Kinetic Resolution of Acyclic β-Hydroxy Amides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:8786-8791. [PMID: 33368918 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202015004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Enantioenriched acyclic α-substituted β-hydroxy amides are valuable compounds in chemical, material and medicinal sciences, but their enantioselective synthesis remains challenging. A catalytic kinetic resolution (KR) of such amides with selectivity factor(s) up to >200 is developed via enantioselective acylation of primary alcohol with N-heterocyclic carbene. An enhanced selectivity for the catalytic KR process is realized using cyclic tertiary amine as base additive. Diastereomeric transition state models for the process are proposed to rationalize the origin of enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arka Porey
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Bhaskar Deb Mondal
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Joyram Guin
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
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12
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Porey A, Mondal BD, Guin J. Hydrogen‐Bonding Assisted Catalytic Kinetic Resolution of Acyclic β‐Hydroxy Amides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202015004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arka Porey
- School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Bhaskar Deb Mondal
- School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Joyram Guin
- School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032 India
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13
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Marín-Valls R, Hernández K, Bolte M, Parella T, Joglar J, Bujons J, Clapés P. Biocatalytic Construction of Quaternary Centers by Aldol Addition of 3,3-Disubstituted 2-Oxoacid Derivatives to Aldehydes. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:19754-19762. [PMID: 33147013 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The congested nature of quaternary carbons hinders their preparation, most notably when stereocontrol is required. Here we report a biocatalytic method for the creation of quaternary carbon centers with broad substrate scope, leading to different compound classes bearing this structural feature. The key step comprises the aldol addition of 3,3-disubstituted 2-oxoacids to aldehydes catalyzed by metal dependent 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate hydroxymethyltransferase from E. coli (KPHMT) and variants thereof. The 3,3,3-trisubstituted 2-oxoacids thus produced were converted into 2-oxolactones and 3-hydroxy acids and directly to ulosonic acid derivatives, all bearing gem-dialkyl, gem-cycloalkyl, and spirocyclic quaternary centers. In addition, some of these reactions use a single enantiomer from racemic nucleophiles to afford stereopure quaternary carbons. The notable substrate tolerance and stereocontrol of these enzymes are indicative of their potential for the synthesis of structurally intricate molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roser Marín-Valls
- Biological Chemistry Department, Instituto de Química Avanzada de Cataluña, IQAC-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Karel Hernández
- Biological Chemistry Department, Instituto de Química Avanzada de Cataluña, IQAC-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michael Bolte
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, J.-W.-Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Teodor Parella
- Servei de Ressonancia Magnetica Nuclear, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Jesús Joglar
- Biological Chemistry Department, Instituto de Química Avanzada de Cataluña, IQAC-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Bujons
- Biological Chemistry Department, Instituto de Química Avanzada de Cataluña, IQAC-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Clapés
- Biological Chemistry Department, Instituto de Química Avanzada de Cataluña, IQAC-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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14
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Nikoorazm M, Mohammadi M, Khanmoradi M. Zirconium@guanine@MCM‐41 nanoparticles: An efficient heterogeneous mesoporous nanocatalyst for one‐pot, multi‐component tandem Knoevenagel condensation–Michael addition–cyclization Reactions. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Nikoorazm
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Ilam University Ilam Iran
| | - Masoud Mohammadi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Ilam University Ilam Iran
| | - Maryam Khanmoradi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Ilam University Ilam Iran
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