1
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Lückemeier L, De Vos T, Schlichter L, Gutheil C, Daniliuc CG, Glorius F. Chemoselective Heterogeneous Hydrogenation of Sulfur Containing Quinolines under Mild Conditions. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:5864-5871. [PMID: 38378184 PMCID: PMC10921411 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Sulfur, alongside oxygen and nitrogen, holds a prominent position as one of the key heteroatoms in nature and medicinal chemistry. Its significance stems from its ability to adopt different oxidation states, rendering it valuable as both a polarity handle and a hydrogen bond donor/acceptor. Nevertheless, the poisonous nature of its free electron pairs makes sulfur containing substrates inaccessible for many catalytic protocols. Strong and (at low temperatures) irreversible chemisorption to the catalyst's surface is in particular detrimental for heterogeneous catalysts, possessing only few catalytically active sites. Herein, we present a novel heterogeneous Ru-S catalyst that tolerates multiple sulfur functionalities, including thioethers, thiophenes, sulfoxides, sulfones, sulfonamides, and sulfoximines, in the hydrogenation of quinolines. The utility of the products was further demonstrated by subsequent diversifications of the sulfur functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lisa Schlichter
- Universität Münster,
Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Christian Gutheil
- Universität Münster,
Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Universität Münster,
Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Universität Münster,
Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, Münster 48149, Germany
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2
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Wang C, Yang N, Li C, He J, Li H. Tuning Benzylic C-H Functionalization of (Thio)xanthenes with Electrochemistry. Molecules 2023; 28:6139. [PMID: 37630392 PMCID: PMC10459638 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28166139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we report a tunable electrochemical benzylic C-H functionalization of (thio)xanthenes with terminal alkynes and nitriles in the absence of any catalyst or external chemical oxidant. The benzylic C-H functionalization can be well controlled by varying the electrochemical conditions, affording the specific coupling products via C-C and C-N bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changji Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, 168 Taifeng Road, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Na Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China; (N.Y.); (C.L.)
| | - Chao Li
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China; (N.Y.); (C.L.)
| | - Jian He
- Hefei New Online Technology Co., Ltd., Hefei 235000, China;
| | - Hongji Li
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China; (N.Y.); (C.L.)
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3
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Gao J, Ma R, Poovan F, Zhang L, Atia H, Kalevaru NV, Sun W, Wohlrab S, Chusov DA, Wang N, Jagadeesh RV, Beller M. Streamlining the synthesis of amides using Nickel-based nanocatalysts. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5013. [PMID: 37591856 PMCID: PMC10435480 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40614-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of amides is a key technology for the preparation of fine and bulk chemicals in industry, as well as the manufacture of a plethora of daily life products. Furthermore, it constitutes a central bond-forming methodology for organic synthesis and provides the basis for the preparation of numerous biomolecules. Here, we present a robust methodology for amide synthesis compared to traditional amidation reactions: the reductive amidation of esters with nitro compounds under additives-free conditions. In the presence of a specific heterogeneous nickel-based catalyst a wide range of amides bearing different functional groups can be selectively prepared in a more step-economy way compared to previous syntheses. The potential value of this protocol is highlighted by the synthesis of drugs, as well as late-stage modifications of bioactive compounds. Based on control experiments, material characterizations, and DFT computations, we suggest metallic nickel and low-valent Ti-species to be crucial factors that makes this direct amide synthesis possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gao
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Street 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Rui Ma
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Street 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Fairoosa Poovan
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Street 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Lan Zhang
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, 100124, Beijing, China
| | - Hanan Atia
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Street 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Narayana V Kalevaru
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Street 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Wenjing Sun
- Guang-dong Medical University, 523808, Dongguan, China
| | - Sebastian Wohlrab
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Street 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Denis A Chusov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Ning Wang
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, 100124, Beijing, China.
| | - Rajenahally V Jagadeesh
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Street 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany.
- Nanotechnology Centre, Centre of Energy and Environmental Technologies, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic.
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Street 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany.
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4
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Zhou B, Chandrashekhar VG, Ma Z, Kreyenschulte C, Bartling S, Lund H, Beller M, Jagadeesh RV. Development of a General and Selective Nanostructured Cobalt Catalyst for the Hydrogenation of Benzofurans, Indoles and Benzothiophenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215699. [PMID: 36636903 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The selective hydrogenation of benzofurans in the presence of a heterogeneous non-noble metal catalyst is reported. The developed optimal catalytic material consists of cobalt-cobalt oxide core-shell nanoparticles supported on silica, which has been prepared by the immobilization and pyrolysis of cobalt-DABCO-citric acid complex on silica under argon at 800 °C. This novel catalyst allows for the selective hydrogenation of simple and functionalized benzofurans to 2,3-dihydrobenzofurans as well as related heterocycles. The versatility of the reported protocol is showcased by the reduction of selected drugs and deuteration of heterocycles. Further, the stability, recycling, and reusability of the Co-nanocatalyst are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Zhou
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Zhuang Ma
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Carsten Kreyenschulte
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Stephan Bartling
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Henrik Lund
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
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5
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Jiang W, Cao JP, He ZM, Zhu C, Feng XB, Zhao XY, Zhao YP, Bai HC. Highly selective hydrogenation of arenes over Rh nanoparticles immobilized on α-Al2O3 support at room temperature. Chem Eng Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2023.118544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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6
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Ramachandran PV, Alawaed AA, Hamann HJ. TiCl 4-Catalyzed Hydroboration of Ketones with Ammonia Borane. J Org Chem 2022; 87:13259-13269. [PMID: 36094411 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Investigation of a variety of Lewis acids for the hydroboration-hydrolysis (reduction) of ketones with amine-boranes has revealed that catalytic (10 mol %) titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) in diethyl ether at room temperature immensely accelerates the reaction of ammonia borane. The product alcohols are produced in good to excellent yields within 30 min, even with ketones which typically requires 24 h or longer to reduce under uncatalyzed conditions. Several potentially reactive functionalities are tolerated, and substituted cycloalkanones are reduced diastereoselectively to the thermodynamic product. A deuterium labeling study and 11B NMR analysis of the reaction have been performed to verify the proposed hydroboration mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abdulkhaliq A Alawaed
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Henry J Hamann
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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7
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Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Hydrogenation of 9‐Phenanthrols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205739. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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8
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Bourriquen F, Hervochon J, Qu R, Bartling S, Rockstroh N, Junge K, Fischmeister C, Beller M. Diastereoselective hydrogenation of arenes and pyridines using supported ruthenium nanoparticles under mild conditions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:8842-8845. [PMID: 35848910 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02928f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A convenient and practical diastereoselective cis-hydrogenation of multi-substituted pyridines and arenes is reported. Applying a novel heterogeneous ruthenium catalyst, the corresponding piperidines and cyclohexanes are obtained in high yields (typically >80%) with a good functional group tolerance under mild conditions. The robust ruthenium supported catalyst is smoothly prepared and can be reused multiple times without activity loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Bourriquen
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Julien Hervochon
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany. .,Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Ruiyang Qu
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Stephan Bartling
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Nils Rockstroh
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Kathrin Junge
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Cédric Fischmeister
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
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9
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Hydrogenation of Lignin-Derived Feedstocks and Bio-oil using Active and Stable Ruthenium Catalyst. Catal Today 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2022.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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10
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Fan QH, Zhang SX, Xu C, Yi N, Li S, He YM, Feng Y. Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Hydrogenation of 9‐Phenanthrols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Hua Fan
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences No.2 First North Street, Zhongguan Cun 100190 Beijing CHINA
| | - Shu-Xin Zhang
- Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS key laboratory of molecular recognition and function 100190 Beijing CHINA
| | - Cong Xu
- Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS key laboratory of molecular recognition and function 100190 Beijing CHINA
| | - Niannian Yi
- Institute of Chemistry CAS: Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS key laboratory of molecular recognition and function 100190 Beijing CHINA
| | - Shan Li
- Institute of Chemistry CAS: Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS key laboratory of molecular recognition and function 100190 Beijing CHINA
| | - Yan-Mei He
- Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS key laboratory of molecular recognition and function 100190 Beijing CHINA
| | - Yu Feng
- Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS key laboratory of molecular recognition and function 100190 Beijing CHINA
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11
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Viereck P, Hierlmeier G, Tosatti P, Pabst TP, Puentener K, Chirik PJ. Molybdenum-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Fused Arenes and Heteroarenes. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11203-11214. [PMID: 35714999 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of enantioenriched molybdenum precatalysts for the asymmetric hydrogenation of substituted quinolines and naphthalenes is described. Three classes of pincer ligands with chiral substituents were evaluated as supporting ligands in the molybdenum-catalyzed hydrogenation reactions, where oxazoline imino(pyridine) chelates were identified as optimal. A series of 2,6-disubstituted quinolines was hydrogenated to enantioenriched decahydroquinolines with high diastereo- and enantioselectivities. For quinoline derivatives, selective hydrogenation of both the carbocycle and heterocycle was observed depending on the ring substitution. Spectroscopic and mechanistic studies established molybdenum η6-arene complexes as the catalyst resting state and that partial hydrogenation arises from dissociation of the substrate from the coordination sphere of molybdenum prior to complete reduction. A stereochemical model is proposed based on the relative energies of the respective coordination of the prochiral faces of the arene determined by steric interactions between the substrate and the chiral ligand, rather than through precoordination by a heteroatom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Viereck
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Gabriele Hierlmeier
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Paolo Tosatti
- Department of Process Chemistry & Catalysis, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel 4070, Switzerland
| | - Tyler P Pabst
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Kurt Puentener
- Department of Process Chemistry & Catalysis, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel 4070, Switzerland
| | - Paul J Chirik
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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12
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Zayed MF, Eisa WH, Anis B. Garlic peel as promising low-cost support for the cobalt nanocatalyst; synthesis and catalytic studies. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 312:114919. [PMID: 35358846 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The development of cost-effective and applied catalysts for organic pollutants degradation is the cornerstone for the future valorizations of these hazardous wastes. Garlic peel was employed as solid support for the assembly of cobalt nanoparticles and was further applied for the catalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol, bromophenol blue, and a mixture of both. A Cobalt@garlic peel nanocomposite with the morphology of semi-spherical and randomly distributed nanoparticles was prepared without the aid of any hazardous chemicals. The functional groups facilitated the adsorption of cobalt ions onto the surface of garlic peel through van der Waals forces and/or hydrogen bonds. The catalytic experiments were carried out under different operational parameters including pollutant concentration, catalytic dosage, and pH value to identify the optimal conditions for the model solutions. The results showed that the optimal pH for 4-nitrophenol degradation was around 9 and the maximum rate constant 4.56 × 10-3 sec-1. The most prominent feature of the proposed catalyst is the easy/efficient recovery and recycling of the nanoparticles from the reacting medium. This work provided a simple method for designing other similar biomass-stabilized nanocatalysts which might sharply reduce the catalytic treatment costs and broaden the scope of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mervat F Zayed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Egypt.
| | - Wael H Eisa
- Spectroscopy Department, Physics Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Badawi Anis
- Spectroscopy Department, Physics Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt; Molecular and Fluorescence Lab., Central Laboratories Network, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
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13
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Dylong D, Hausoul PJC, Palkovits R, Eisenacher M. Synthesis of (−)‐menthol: Industrial synthesis routes and recent development. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Dylong
- Circular Transformation Lab Cologne TH Köln – University of Applied Sciences Leverkusen Germany
| | - Peter J. C. Hausoul
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany
| | - Regina Palkovits
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany
| | - Matthias Eisenacher
- Circular Transformation Lab Cologne TH Köln – University of Applied Sciences Leverkusen Germany
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14
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Miyamura H, Kobayashi S. Reaction Rate Acceleration of Cooperative Catalytic Systems: Metal Nanoparticles and Lewis Acids in Arene Hydrogenation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Miyamura
- The University of Tokyo: Tokyo Daigaku Department of Chemistry JAPAN
| | - Shu Kobayashi
- The University of Tokyo Department of Chemistry, School of Science 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku 113-0033 Tokyo JAPAN
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15
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Miyamura H, Kobayashi S. Reaction Rate Acceleration of Cooperative Catalytic Systems: Metal Nanoparticles and Lewis Acids in Arene Hydrogenation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202201203. [PMID: 35358361 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202201203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Employing two distinct catalysts in one reaction medium synergistically is a powerful strategy for activating less reactive substrates. Although the approach has been well-developed in homogeneous conditions, it remains challenging and rare in heterogeneous catalysis, especially under gas-liquid-solid multiphase reaction conditions. Here, we describe the development of cooperative and synergistic catalyst systems of heterogeneous Rh-Pt bimetallic nanoparticle catalysts, Rh-Pt/DMPSi-Al2 O3 , and Sc(OTf)3 in the liquid phase for the hydrogenation of arenes under very mild conditions. Dramatic rate acceleration was achieved with cooperative activation. Remarkably, more challenging substrates that contained strong electron-donating groups and sterically hindered substituents were smoothly hydrogenated. Mechanistic insights into the cooperative activation of an aromatic substrate by heterogeneous metal nanoparticles and a soluble Lewis acid was obtained by kinetic studies and by direct observation of 1 H and 45 Sc NMR spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Miyamura
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shū Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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16
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Cu nanoparticles embedded on reticular chitosan-derived N-doped carbon: Application to the catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes, alkynes and N-heteroarenes. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.112104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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17
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Kim TW, Jeong H, Baik JH, Suh YW. State-of-the-art Catalysts for Hydrogen Storage into Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers. CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.210742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tae Wan Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwiram Jeong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Hyun Baik
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Woong Suh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Industrial Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
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18
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Liu YY, Shi XK, Wu CD. Generation of local redox potential from confined nano-bimetals in porous metal silicate materials for high-performance catalysis. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00540a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Confining nano-bimetals in porous metal silicate materials could improve the stabiliy and facilitate electron and charge transfer in catalysis, demonstrating great potential to replace noble metal-based catalysts for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ke Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Chuan-De Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
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19
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Kim AN, Ngamnithiporn A, Bartberger MD, Stoltz BM. Iridium-Catalyzed Asymmetric trans-Selective Hydrogenation of 1,3-Disubstituted Isoquinolines. Chem Sci 2022; 13:3227-3232. [PMID: 35414874 PMCID: PMC8926345 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06729j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of the first asymmetric trans-selective hydrogenation of 1,3-disubstituted isoquinolines is reported. Utilizing [Ir(cod)Cl]2 and a commercially available chiral Josiphos ligand, a variety of differentially substituted isoquinolines are hydrogenated to produce enantioenriched trans-tetrahydroisoquinolines in good yield with high levels of enantioselectivity. Directing group studies demonstrate that the hydroxymethyl functionality at the C1 position is critical for hydrogenation to favor the trans-diastereomer. Preliminary mechanistic studies reveal that non-coordinating chlorinated solvents and halide additives are crucial to enable trans-selectivity. trans-Selective asymmetric hydrogenation of 1,3-disubstituted isoquinolines.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia N Kim
- Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91125 USA
| | - Aurapat Ngamnithiporn
- Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91125 USA
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6 Road Bangkok 10210 Thailand
| | | | - Brian M Stoltz
- Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91125 USA
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20
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Chandrashekhar VG, Senthamarai T, Kadam RG, Malina O, Kašlík J, Zbořil R, Gawande MB, Jagadeesh RV, Beller M. Silica-supported Fe/Fe–O nanoparticles for the catalytic hydrogenation of nitriles to amines in the presence of aluminium additives. Nat Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-021-00722-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe hydrogenation of nitriles to amines represents an important and frequently used industrial process due to the broad applicability of the resulting products in chemistry and life sciences. Despite the existing portfolio of catalysts reported for the hydrogenation of nitriles, the development of iron-based heterogeneous catalysts for this process is still a challenge. Here, we show that the impregnation and pyrolysis of iron(II) acetate on commercial silica produces a reusable Fe/Fe–O@SiO2 catalyst with a well-defined structure comprising the fayalite phase at the Si–Fe interface and α-Fe nanoparticles, covered by an ultrathin amorphous iron(III) oxide layer, growing from the silica matrix. These Fe/Fe–O core–shell nanoparticles, in the presence of catalytic amounts of aluminium additives, promote the hydrogenation of all kinds of nitriles, including structurally challenging and functionally diverse aromatic, heterocyclic, aliphatic and fatty nitriles, to produce primary amines under scalable and industrially viable conditions.
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21
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Antil N, Kumar A, Akhtar N, Begum W, Chauhan M, Newar R, Rawat MS, Manna K. Chemoselective and Tandem Reduction of Arenes Using a Metal-Organic Framework-Supported Single-Site Cobalt Catalyst. Inorg Chem 2021; 61:1031-1040. [PMID: 34967211 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The development of heterogeneous, chemoselective, and tandem catalytic systems using abundant metals is vital for the sustainable synthesis of fine and commodity chemicals. We report a robust and recyclable single-site cobalt-hydride catalyst based on a porous aluminum metal-organic framework (DUT-5 MOF) for chemoselective hydrogenation of arenes. The DUT-5 node-supported cobalt(II) hydride (DUT-5-CoH) is a versatile solid catalyst for chemoselective hydrogenation of a range of nonpolar and polar arenes, including heteroarenes such as pyridines, quinolines, isoquinolines, indoles, and furans to afford cycloalkanes and saturated heterocycles in excellent yields. DUT-5-CoH exhibited excellent functional group tolerance and could be reusable at least five times without decreased activity. The same MOF-Co catalyst was also efficient for tandem hydrogenation-hydrodeoxygenation of aryl carbonyl compounds, including biomass-derived platform molecules such as furfural and hydroxymethylfurfural to cycloalkanes. In the case of hydrogenation of cumene, our spectroscopic, kinetic, and density functional theory (DFT) studies suggest the insertion of a trisubstituted alkene intermediate into the Co-H bond occurring in the turnover limiting step. Our work highlights the potential of MOF-supported single-site base-metal catalysts for sustainable and environment-friendly industrial production of chemicals and biofuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Antil
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Naved Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Wahida Begum
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Manav Chauhan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Rajashree Newar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Manhar Singh Rawat
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Kuntal Manna
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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22
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Murugesan K, Alenad AM, Alshammari AS, Sohail M, Jagadeesh RV. Reductive N-alkylation of primary amides using nickel-nanoparticles. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Chandrashekhar VG, Natte K, Alenad AM, Alshammari AS, Kreyenschulte C, Jagadeesh RV. Reductive Amination, Hydrogenation and Hydrodeoxygenation of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural using Silica‐supported Cobalt‐ Nanoparticles. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202101234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kishore Natte
- Chemical and Material Science Division CSIR - Indian Institute of Petroleum Haridwar road Mohkampur, Dehradun 248005 India
| | - Asma M. Alenad
- Chemistry Department College of Science Jouf University P.O. Box: 2014 Sakaka Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad S. Alshammari
- King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology P.O. Box 6086 Riyadh 1442 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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24
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Yasukawa T, Kume S, Yamashita Y, Kobayashi S. Olefination of Aldehydes with Ethyl Diazoacetate Catalyzed by Nitrogen-doped Carbon-supported Metal. CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.210355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Yasukawa
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Sanshiro Kume
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shū Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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25
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Low-Temperature Hydrogenation of Toluene Using an Iron-Promoted Molybdenum Carbide Catalyst. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11091079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As an alternative to noble metal hydrogenation catalysts, pure molybdenum carbide displays unsatisfactory catalytic activity for arene hydrogenation. Precious metals such as palladium, platinum, and gold are widely used as additives to enhance the catalytic activities of molybdenum carbide, which severely limits its potential applications in industry. In this paper, iron-promoted molybdenum carbide was prepared and characterized by various techniques, including in situ XRD, synchrotron-based XPS and TEM. while the influence of Fe addition on catalytic performance for toluene hydrogenation was also studied. The experimental data disclose that a small amount of Fe doping strongly enhances catalytic stability in toluene hydrogenation, but the catalytic performance drops rapidly with higher loading amounts of Fe.
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26
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Gelis C, Heusler A, Nairoukh Z, Glorius F. Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation of Arenes and Heteroarenes. Chemistry 2020; 26:14090-14094. [PMID: 32519788 PMCID: PMC7702167 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Transfer hydrogenation reactions are of great interest to reduce diverse molecules under mild reaction conditions. To date, this type of reaction has only been successfully applied to alkenes, alkynes and polarized unsaturated compounds such as ketones, imines, pyridines, etc. The reduction of benzene derivatives by transfer hydrogenation has never been described, which is likely due to the high energy barrier required to dearomatize these compounds. In this context, we have developed a catalytic transfer hydrogenation reaction for the reduction of benzene derivatives and heteroarenes to form complex 3-dimensional scaffolds bearing various functional groups at room temperature without needing compressed hydrogen gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coralie Gelis
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Arne Heusler
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Zackaria Nairoukh
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
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27
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Wollenburg M, Heusler A, Bergander K, Glorius F. trans-Selective and Switchable Arene Hydrogenation of Phenol Derivatives. ACS Catal 2020; 10:11365-11370. [PMID: 33133752 PMCID: PMC7594304 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
![]()
A trans-selective arene hydrogenation of abundant
phenol derivatives catalyzed by a commercially available heterogeneous
palladium catalyst is reported. The described method tolerates a variety
of functional groups and provides access to a broad scope of trans-configurated cyclohexanols as potential building blocks
for life sciences and beyond in a one-step procedure. The transformation
is strategically important because arene hydrogenation preferentially
delivers the opposite cis-isomers. The diastereoselectivity
of the phenol hydrogenation can be switched to the cis-isomers by employing rhodium-based catalysts. Moreover, a protocol
for the chemoselective hydrogenation of phenols to cyclohexanones
was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Wollenburg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Arne Heusler
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Klaus Bergander
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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28
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Murugesan K, Chandrashekhar VG, Kreyenschulte C, Beller M, Jagadeesh RV. A General Catalyst Based on Cobalt Core–Shell Nanoparticles for the Hydrogenation of N‐Heteroarenes Including Pyridines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202004674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathiravan Murugesan
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | | | | | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
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29
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Murugesan K, Chandrashekhar VG, Kreyenschulte C, Beller M, Jagadeesh RV. A General Catalyst Based on Cobalt Core-Shell Nanoparticles for the Hydrogenation of N-Heteroarenes Including Pyridines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:17408-17412. [PMID: 32543735 PMCID: PMC7540604 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202004674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis of specific silica-supported Co/Co3 O4 core-shell based nanoparticles prepared by template synthesis of cobalt-pyromellitic acid on silica and subsequent pyrolysis. The optimal catalyst material allows for general and selective hydrogenation of pyridines, quinolines, and other heteroarenes including acridine, phenanthroline, naphthyridine, quinoxaline, imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine, and indole under comparably mild reaction conditions. In addition, recycling of these Co nanoparticles and their ability for dehydrogenation catalysis are showcased.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V.Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a18059RostockGermany
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30
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Natte K, Narani A, Goyal V, Sarki N, Jagadeesh RV. Synthesis of Functional Chemicals from Lignin‐derived Monomers by Selective Organic Transformations. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kishore Natte
- Synthetic Chemistry and Petrochemicals Area Chemical and Material Sciences Division CSIR – Indian Institute of Petroleum Haridwar road, Mohkampur Dehradun 248005 India
| | - Anand Narani
- BioFuels Division CSIR – Indian Institute of Petroleum Haridwar road, Mohkampur Dehradun 248005 India
| | - Vishakha Goyal
- Synthetic Chemistry and Petrochemicals Area Chemical and Material Sciences Division CSIR – Indian Institute of Petroleum Haridwar road, Mohkampur Dehradun 248005 India
| | - Naina Sarki
- Synthetic Chemistry and Petrochemicals Area Chemical and Material Sciences Division CSIR – Indian Institute of Petroleum Haridwar road, Mohkampur Dehradun 248005 India
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31
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Senthamarai T, Chandrashekhar VG, Gawande MB, Kalevaru NV, Zbořil R, Kamer PCJ, Jagadeesh RV, Beller M. Ultra-small cobalt nanoparticles from molecularly-defined Co-salen complexes for catalytic synthesis of amines. Chem Sci 2020; 11:2973-2981. [PMID: 34122798 PMCID: PMC8157512 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc04963k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the synthesis of in situ generated cobalt nanoparticles from molecularly defined complexes as efficient and selective catalysts for reductive amination reactions. In the presence of ammonia and hydrogen, cobalt–salen complexes such as cobalt(ii)–N,N′-bis(salicylidene)-1,2-phenylenediamine produce ultra-small (2–4 nm) cobalt-nanoparticles embedded in a carbon–nitrogen framework. The resulting materials constitute stable, reusable and magnetically separable catalysts, which enable the synthesis of linear and branched benzylic, heterocyclic and aliphatic primary amines from carbonyl compounds and ammonia. The isolated nanoparticles also represent excellent catalysts for the synthesis of primary, secondary as well as tertiary amines including biologically relevant N-methyl amines. We report the synthesis of in situ generated cobalt nanoparticles from molecularly defined complexes as efficient and selective catalysts for reductive amination reactions.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vishwas G Chandrashekhar
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität Rostock Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Manoj B Gawande
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc Šlechtitelů 27 Olomouc 78371 Czech Republic
| | - Narayana V Kalevaru
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität Rostock Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Radek Zbořil
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc Šlechtitelů 27 Olomouc 78371 Czech Republic
| | - Paul C J Kamer
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität Rostock Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Rajenahally V Jagadeesh
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität Rostock Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität Rostock Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
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32
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Continuous-Flow Biocatalytic Process for the Synthesis of the Best Stereoisomers of the Commercial Fragrances Leather Cyclohexanol (4-Isopropylcyclohexanol) and Woody Acetate (4-(Tert-Butyl)Cyclohexyl Acetate). Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10010102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Leather cyclohexanol (4-(isopropyl)cyclohexanol) and woody acetate (4-(tert-butyl)cyclohexyl acetate) are commercialized for functional perfumery applications as mixtures of cis- and trans-isomers. The cis-isomers are more potent odorants than the corresponding trans counterparts, but they are the less favoured products in most of the classical synthetic routes. Known stereoselective routes to cis-4-alkylcyclohexanols are characterized by a high environmental burden and/or troublesome reaction work-up. In this work, we examine the use of commercial alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) to produce cis-4-alkylcyclohexanols, including the two derivatives with isopropyl and tert-butyl substituents, by the stereoselective reduction of the corresponding ketones. High conversions and diastereoisomeric excess values were achieved with five of the eighteen tested ADHs. To complete the synthetic approach to woody acetate, Candida antarctica A (CALA) was employed as a catalyst for the enzymatic acetylation of cis-4-(tert-butyl)cyclohexanol. In order to provide a technological upgrade to the production of the most odorous isomers of the two commercial fragrances, we designed a continuous-flow process based on the combination of in-line enzymatic steps with in-line work-up, effectively providing samples of cis-leather cyclohexanol and cis-woody acetate with high diastereoisomeric purity.
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