1
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Patra T, Arepally S, Seitz J, Wirth T. Electrocatalytic continuous flow chlorinations with iodine(I/III) mediators. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6329. [PMID: 39068163 PMCID: PMC11283512 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50643-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Electrochemistry offers tunable, cost effective and environmentally friendly alternatives to carry out redox reactions with electrons as traceless reagents. The use of organoiodine compounds as electrocatalysts is largely underdeveloped, despite their widespread application as powerful and versatile reagents. Mechanistic data reveal that the hexafluoroisopropanol assisted iodoarene oxidation is followed by a stepwise chloride ligand exchange for the catalytic generation of the dichloroiodoarene mediator. Here, we report an environmentally benign iodine(I/III) electrocatalytic platform for the in situ generation of dichloroiodoarenes for different reactions such as mono- and dichlorinations as well as chlorocyclisations within a continuous flow setup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuhin Patra
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Main Building, Cardiff, Cymru/Wales, UK
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Argul, Odisha, India
| | - Sagar Arepally
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Main Building, Cardiff, Cymru/Wales, UK
| | - Jakob Seitz
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Main Building, Cardiff, Cymru/Wales, UK
| | - Thomas Wirth
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Main Building, Cardiff, Cymru/Wales, UK.
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2
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Wang ZX, Xu Y, Gilmour R. Regioselective fluorination of allenes enabled by I(I)/I(III) catalysis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5770. [PMID: 38982181 PMCID: PMC11233658 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50227-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The prominence and versatility of propargylic fluorides in medicinal chemistry, coupled with the potency of F/H and F/OH bioisosterism, has created a powerful impetus to develop efficient methods to facilitate their construction. Motivated by the well-established conversion of propargylic alcohols to allenes, an operationally simple, organocatalysis-based strategy to process these abundant unsaturated precursors to propargylic fluorides would be highly enabling: this would consolidate the bioisosteric relationship that connects propargylic alcohols and fluorides. Herein, we describe a highly regioselective fluorination of unactivated allenes based on I(I)/I(III) catalysis in the presence of an inexpensive HF source that serves a dual role as both nucleophile and Brønsted acid activator. This strategy enables a variety of secondary and tertiary propargylic fluorides to be prepared: these motifs are prevalent across the bioactive small molecule spectrum. Facile product derivatisation, concise synthesis of multi-vicinal fluorinated products together with preliminary validation of enantioselective catalysis are disclosed. The expansive potential of this platform is also demonstrated through the highly regioselective organocatalytic oxidation, chlorination and arylation of allenes. It is envisaged that the transformation will find application in molecular design and accelerate the exploration of organofluorine chemical space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Xuan Wang
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Yameng Xu
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Ryan Gilmour
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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3
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Doobary S, Lacey AJD, Sweeting SG, Coppock SB, Caldora HP, Poole DL, Lennox AJJ. Diastereodivergent nucleophile-nucleophile alkene chlorofluorination. Nat Chem 2024:10.1038/s41557-024-01561-6. [PMID: 38951616 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-024-01561-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
The selective hetero-dihalogenation of alkenes provides useful building blocks for a broad range of chemical applications. Unlike homo-dihalogenation, selective hetero-dihalogenation reactions, especially fluorohalogenation, are underdeveloped. Current approaches combine an electrophilic halogen source with a nucleophilic halogen source, which necessarily leads to anti-addition, and regioselectivity has only been achieved using highly activated alkenes. Here we describe an alternative, nucleophile-nucleophile approach that adds chloride and fluoride ions over unactivated alkenes in a highly regio-, chemo- and diastereoselective manner. A curious switch in the reaction mechanism was discovered, which triggers a complete reversal of the diastereoselectivity to promote either anti- or syn-addition. The conditions are demonstrated on an array of pharmaceutically relevant compounds, and detailed mechanistic studies reveal the selectivity and the switch between the syn- and anti-diastereomers are based on different active iodanes and which of the two halides adds first.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Darren L Poole
- Discovery High-Throughput Chemistry, Medicinal Chemistry, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
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4
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Piejko M, Moran J, Lebœuf D. Difunctionalization Processes Enabled by Hexafluoroisopropanol. ACS ORGANIC & INORGANIC AU 2024; 4:287-300. [PMID: 38855339 PMCID: PMC11157514 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.3c00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
In the past 5 years, hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) has been used as a unique solvent or additive to enable challenging transformations through substrate activation and stabilization of reactive intermediates. In this Review, we aim at describing difunctionalization processes which were unlocked when HFIP was involved. Specifically, we focus on cyclizations and additions to alkenes, alkynes, epoxides, and carbonyls that introduce a wide range of functional groups of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Piejko
- Institut
de Science et d’Ingénierie Supramoléculaires
(ISIS), CNRS UMR 7006, Université
de Strasbourg, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Joseph Moran
- Institut
de Science et d’Ingénierie Supramoléculaires
(ISIS), CNRS UMR 7006, Université
de Strasbourg, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Department
of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
- Institut
Universitaire de France (IUF), 75005 Paris, France
| | - David Lebœuf
- Institut
de Science et d’Ingénierie Supramoléculaires
(ISIS), CNRS UMR 7006, Université
de Strasbourg, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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5
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Wilson RH, Chatterjee S, Smithwick ER, Damodaran AR, Bhagi-Damodaran A. Controllable multi-halogenation of a non-native substrate by SyrB2 iron halogenase. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.08.593161. [PMID: 38766225 PMCID: PMC11100670 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.08.593161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Geminal, multi-halogenated functional groups are widespread in natural products and pharmaceuticals, yet no synthetic methodologies exist that enable selective multi-halogenation of unactivated C-H bonds. Biocatalysts are powerful tools for late-stage C-H functionalization, as they operate with high degrees of regio-, chemo-, and stereoselectivity. 2-oxoglutarate (2OG)-dependent non-heme iron halogenases chlorinate and brominate aliphatic C-H bonds offering a solution for achieving these challenging transformations. Here, we describe the ability of a non-heme iron halogenase, SyrB2, to controllably halogenate non-native substrate alpha-aminobutyric acid (Aba) to yield mono-chlorinated, di-chlorinated, and tri-chlorinated products. These chemoselective outcomes are achieved by controlling the loading of 2OG cofactor and SyrB2 biocatalyst. By using a ferredoxin-based biological reductant for electron transfer to the catalytic center of SyrB2, we demonstrate order-of-magnitude enhancement in the yield of tri-chlorinated product that were previously inaccessible using any single halogenase enzyme. We also apply these strategies to broaden SyrB2's reactivity scope to include multi-bromination and demonstrate chemoenzymatic conversion of the ethyl side chain in Aba to an ethylyne functional group. We show how steric hindrance induced by the successive addition of halogen atoms on Aba's C4 carbon dictates the degree of multi-halogenation by hampering C3-C4 bond rotation within SyrB2's catalytic pocket. Overall, our work showcases the synthetic potential of iron halogenases to facilitate multi-C-H functionalization chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hunter Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States
| | - Sourav Chatterjee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States
| | - Elizabeth R Smithwick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States
| | - Anoop R Damodaran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States
| | - Ambika Bhagi-Damodaran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States
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6
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Moon H, Jung J, Choi JH, Chung WJ. Stereospecific syn-dihalogenations and regiodivergent syn-interhalogenation of alkenes via vicinal double electrophilic activation strategy. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3710. [PMID: 38697968 PMCID: PMC11066093 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47942-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Whereas the conventional anti-dihalogenation of alkenes is a valuable synthetic tool with highly predictable stereospecificity, the restricted reaction mechanism makes it challenging to alter the diastereochemical course into the complementary syn-dihalogenation process. Only a few notable achievements were made recently by inverting one of the stereocenters after anti-addition using a carefully designed reagent system. Here, we report a conceptually distinctive strategy for the simultaneous double electrophilic activation of the two alkene carbons from the same side. Then, the resulting vicinal leaving groups can be displaced iteratively by nucleophilic halides to complete the syn-dihalogenation. For this purpose, thianthrenium dication is employed, and all possible combinations of chlorine and bromine are added onto internal alkenes successfully, particularly resulting in the syn-dibromination and the regiodivergent syn-bromochlorination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Moon
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungi Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Ho Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
| | - Won-Jin Chung
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Yu YJ, Häfliger J, Wang ZX, Daniliuc CG, Gilmour R. Forging Medium Rings via I(I)/I(III)-Catalyzed Diene Carbofunctionalization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202309789. [PMID: 37531257 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
A main-group catalysis-based strategy to access 8-membered carbocycles via the direct carbofunctionalization of 2-phenethyl-substituted 1,3-dienes is disclosed. Through the intervention of an I(I)/I(III) catalysis cycle, the synthesis of densely functionalized, fluorinated benzocyclooctenes can be achieved in an operationally simple manner. Modulating the oxidation/activation regime, and the external nucleophile, the process has been extended to unify the challenging cyclization with formation of allylic C-O, C-N, and C-C bonds (>30 examples). Derivatization of the product benzocyclooctenes is demonstrated together with X-ray conformational analysis, preliminary validation of enantioselective catalysis and a scalable resolution protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Jie Yu
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Joel Häfliger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Zi-Xuan Wang
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin G Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Ryan Gilmour
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
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8
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Fujie M, Mizufune K, Nishimoto Y, Yasuda M. 1-Fluoro-1-sulfonyloxylation of Alkenes by Sterically and Electronically Tuned Hypervalent Iodine: Regression Analysis toward 1,1-Heterodifunctionalization. Org Lett 2023; 25:766-770. [PMID: 36710445 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c04235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
In the heterodifunctionalization of alkenes, 1,1-regioselectivity remains elusive in sharp contrast to 1,2-regioselectivity. Herein, the 1-fluoro-1-sulfonyloxylation of styrenes with Bu4NBF4 and sulfonic acids using a hypervalent iodine ArI(OAc)2 is reported. Regression analysis of substituents on ArI(OAc)2 suggested that their electron-withdrawing ability and steric factor influence the 1,1-heterodifunctionalization. We designed o-{2,4-(CF3)2C6H3}- and p-NO2-substituted ArI(OAc)2 by the regression analysis to achieve high selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Fujie
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kyohei Mizufune
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nishimoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Makoto Yasuda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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9
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Pan ZT, Shen LM, Dagnaw FW, Zhong JJ, Jian JX, Tong QX. Minisci reaction of heteroarenes and unactivated C(sp 3)-H alkanes via a photogenerated chlorine radical. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:1637-1640. [PMID: 36683529 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06486c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Here, an efficient Minisci reaction of heteroarenes and unactivated C(sp3)-H alkanes was achieved using an inexpensive FeCl3 as a photocatalyst. The photogenerated chlorine radical contributed to the HAT of C-H and subsequently initiated this reaction. Surprisingly, salt water and even seawater can act as a chlorine radical source, which provided an enlightening idea for future organic synthesis methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Tong Pan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Material of Guangdong Province, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China.
| | - Li-Miao Shen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Material of Guangdong Province, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China.
| | - Fentahun Wondu Dagnaw
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Material of Guangdong Province, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China.
| | - Jian-Ji Zhong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Material of Guangdong Province, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China.
| | - Jing-Xin Jian
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Material of Guangdong Province, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China.
| | - Qing-Xiao Tong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Material of Guangdong Province, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China.
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10
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Xiang JC, Wang JW, Yuan P, Ma JT, Wu AX, Liao ZX. Switching Over of the Chemoselectivity: I 2-DMSO-Enabled α,α-Dichlorination of Functionalized Methyl Ketones. J Org Chem 2022; 87:15101-15113. [PMID: 36349364 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Precise control of the chemoselectivity of the halogenation of a substrate equipped with multiple nucleophilic sites is highly demanding and challenging. Most reported chlorinations of methyl ketones show poor compatibility or even exclusive selectivity toward electron-rich arene, olefin, and alkyne residues. This is attributed to the direct or in situ employment of electrophilic Cl2/Cl+ species. Here, we reported that, even bearing those competitive residues, methyl ketones can still undergo dichlorination to afford α,α-dichloroketones in a chemo-specific manner. Enabled by the I2-dimethyl sulfoxide catalytic system, in which hydrochloric acid only acts as a nucleophilic Cl- donor, this straightforward dichlorination reaction is safe and operator-friendly and has high atomic economy, giving access to structurally diverse α,α-dichloroketones in good yields and with good functional-group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Chen Xiang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Jia-Wei Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Peng Yuan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Jin-Tian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - An-Xin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Xin Liao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
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11
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Qin G, Wang R, Cheng Z, Zhang Y, Wang B, Xia Y, Jin W, Liu C. Electrooxidative trifunctionalization of alkenes with N-chlorosuccinimide and ArSSAr/ArSH to α,β-dichloride arylsulfoxides. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2022.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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12
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Saju A, Griffiths JR, MacMillan SN, Lacy DC. Synthesis of a Bench-Stable Manganese(III) Chloride Compound: Coordination Chemistry and Alkene Dichlorination. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:16761-16766. [PMID: 36067378 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c08509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The complex [MnCl3(OPPh3)2] (1) is a bench-stable and easily prepared source of MnCl3. It is prepared by treating acetonitrile solvated MnCl3 (2) with Ph3PO and collecting the resulting blue precipitate. 1 is useful in coordination reactions by virtue of the labile Ph3PO ligands, and this is demonstrated through the synthesis of {Tpm*}MnCl3 (3). In addition, methodologies in synthesis that rely on difficult or cumbersome to prepare solutions of reactive MnCl3 can be accomplished using 1 instead. This is demonstrated through alkene dichlorinations in a wide range of solvents, open to air, and with good substrate scope. Light-accelerated halogenation and radical sensitive experiments support a radical mechanism involving stepwise Cl-atom transfer(s) from 1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Samantha N MacMillan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - David C Lacy
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
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13
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Motiwala HF, Armaly AM, Cacioppo JG, Coombs TC, Koehn KRK, Norwood VM, Aubé J. HFIP in Organic Synthesis. Chem Rev 2022; 122:12544-12747. [PMID: 35848353 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) is a polar, strongly hydrogen bond-donating solvent that has found numerous uses in organic synthesis due to its ability to stabilize ionic species, transfer protons, and engage in a range of other intermolecular interactions. The use of this solvent has exponentially increased in the past decade and has become a solvent of choice in some areas, such as C-H functionalization chemistry. In this review, following a brief history of HFIP in organic synthesis and an overview of its physical properties, literature examples of organic reactions using HFIP as a solvent or an additive are presented, emphasizing the effect of solvent of each reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hashim F Motiwala
- Divison of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - Ahlam M Armaly
- Divison of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - Jackson G Cacioppo
- Divison of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - Thomas C Coombs
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403 United States
| | - Kimberly R K Koehn
- Divison of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - Verrill M Norwood
- Divison of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - Jeffrey Aubé
- Divison of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
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14
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Dai PF, Xu H. Novel Chlorination of Imidazo‐Fused Heterocycles via Dichloro(aryl)‐λ3‐iodanes. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Dai
- First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Department of Nuclear Medicine 218 Jixi Road 230022 Hefei CHINA
| | - Huiqin Xu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Department of Nuclear Medicine 230022 NanJing CHINA
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15
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Li X, Zhang B, Zhao B, Wang X, Xu L, Du Y. Synthesis of 3‐Halogenated Quinolin‐2‐Ones from
N
‐Arylpropynamides
via
Hypervalent Iodine(III)−Mediated Umpolung Process. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxian Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
| | - Beibei Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
| | - Bingyue Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofan Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
| | - Lingzhi Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
| | - Yunfei Du
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
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16
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Hu RB, Qiang S, Chan YY, Huang J, Xu T, Yeung YY. Access to Bromo-γ-butenolides via Zwitterion-Catalyzed Rearrangement of Cyclopropene Carboxylic Acids. Org Lett 2021; 23:9533-9537. [PMID: 34854693 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
γ-Butenolides are useful structural motifs in many pharmaceutically relevant compounds. In particular, halogenated γ-butenolides are attractive building blocks because the halogen handles can readily be manipulated to give various functional molecules. In this study, a catalytic synthesis of halogenated γ-butenolides from cyclopropene carboxylic acids was developed using zwitterionic catalysts and N-haloamides as the halogen sources. The catalytic protocol could also be applied to the synthesis of halogenated pyrrolones by using cyclopropene amides as the starting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Bin Hu
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Shengsheng Qiang
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Yung-Yin Chan
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Jingxian Huang
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Tianyue Xu
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Ying-Yeung Yeung
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
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17
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Abstract
The first example for the electrochemical cis‐dichlorination of alkenes is presented. The reaction can be performed with little experimental effort by using phenylselenyl chloride as catalyst and tetrabutylammoniumchloride as supporting electrolyte, which also acts as nucleophilic reagent for the SN2‐type replacement of selenium versus chloride. Cyclic voltammetric measurements and control experiments revealed a dual role of phenylselenyl chloride in the reaction. Based on these results a reaction mechanism was postulated, where the key step of the process is the activation of a phenylselenyl chloride‐alkene adduct by electrochemically generated phenylselenyl trichloride. Like this, different aliphatic and aromatic cyclic and acyclic alkenes were converted to the dichlorinated products. Thereby, throughout high diastereoselectivities were achieved for the cis‐chlorinated compounds of >95 : 5 or higher.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Strehl
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Straße 9-11, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Cornelius Fastie
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Straße 9-11, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Hilt
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Straße 9-11, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany
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18
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Li X, Li G, Cheng Y, Du Y. The aryl iodine-catalyzed organic transformation via hypervalent iodine species generated in situ. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2021-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The application of hypervalent iodine species generated in situ in organic transformations has emerged as a useful and powerful tool in organic synthesis, allowing for the construction of a series of bond formats via oxidative coupling. Among these transformations, the catalytic aryl iodide can be oxidized to hypervalent iodine species, which then undergoes oxidative reaction with the substrates and the aryl iodine regenerated again once the first cyclic cycle of the reaction is completed. This review aims to systematically summarize and discuss the main progress in the application of in situ-generated hypervalent iodine species, providing references and highlights for synthetic chemists who might be interested in this field of hypervalent iodine chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemin Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency , School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Guangchen Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency , School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Yifu Cheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency , School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Yunfei Du
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency , School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
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19
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Iordanidis NS, Zografos AL, Gallos JK, Koftis TV, Stathakis CI. Continuous Flow Organocatalytic Chlorination of Alkenes. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolaos S. Iordanidis
- Department of Chemistry Aristotle University of Thessaloniki University Campus Thessaloniki 541 24 Greece
| | - Alexandros L. Zografos
- Department of Chemistry Aristotle University of Thessaloniki University Campus Thessaloniki 541 24 Greece
| | - John K. Gallos
- Department of Chemistry Aristotle University of Thessaloniki University Campus Thessaloniki 541 24 Greece
| | - Theocharis V. Koftis
- API Research and Development Operations Pharmathen S.A. 9th km Thessaloniki-Thermi Thessaloniki 570 01 Greece
| | - Christos I. Stathakis
- Department of Chemistry Aristotle University of Thessaloniki University Campus Thessaloniki 541 24 Greece
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20
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Meyer S, Häfliger J, Gilmour R. Expanding organofluorine chemical space: the design of chiral fluorinated isosteres enabled by I(i)/I(iii) catalysis. Chem Sci 2021; 12:10686-10695. [PMID: 34476053 PMCID: PMC8372324 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02880d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Short aliphatic groups are prevalent in bioactive small molecules and play an essential role in regulating physicochemistry and molecular recognition phenomena. Delineating their biological origins and significance have resulted in landmark developments in synthetic organic chemistry: Arigoni's venerable synthesis of the chiral methyl group is a personal favourite. Whilst radioisotopes allow the steric footprint of the native group to be preserved, this strategy was never intended for therapeutic chemotype development. In contrast, leveraging H → F bioisosterism provides scope to complement the chiral, radioactive bioisostere portfolio and to reach unexplored areas of chiral chemical space for small molecule drug discovery. Accelerated by advances in I(i)/I(iii) catalysis, the current arsenal of achiral 2D and 3D drug discovery modules is rapidly expanding to include chiral units with unprecedented topologies and van der Waals volumes. This Perspective surveys key developments in the design and synthesis of short multivicinal fluoroalkanes under the auspices of main group catalysis paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Meyer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Correnstraße 36 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Joel Häfliger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Correnstraße 36 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Ryan Gilmour
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Correnstraße 36 48149 Münster Germany
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21
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Hashimoto T, Wata C. Organoiodine-Catalyzed Enantioselective Intramolecular Oxyaminations of Alkenes with N-(Fluorosulfonyl)carbamate. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1610768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AbstractOrganoiodine-catalyzed enantioselective intramolecular oxyaminations were realized by the use of benzyl N-(fluorosulfonyl)carbamate as the exogenous nitrogen source. The method allows access to enantioenriched lactones and oxazolines, starting from γ,δ- and δ,ε-unsaturated esters and N-allyl amides, respectively.
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22
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Meyer S, Häfliger J, Schäfer M, Molloy JJ, Daniliuc CG, Gilmour R. A Chiral Pentafluorinated Isopropyl Group via Iodine(I)/(III) Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:6430-6434. [PMID: 33427355 PMCID: PMC7986799 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202015946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
An I(I)/(III) catalysis strategy to construct an enantioenriched fluorinated isostere of the i Pr group is reported. The difluorination of readily accessible α-CF3 -styrenes is enabled by the in situ generation of a chiral ArIF2 species to forge a stereocentre with the substituents F, CH2 F and CF3 (up to 95 %, >20:1 vicinal:geminal difluorination). The replacement of the metabolically labile benzylic proton results in a highly preorganised scaffold as was determined by X-ray crystallography (π→σ* and stereoelectronic gauche σ→σ* interactions). A process of catalyst editing is disclosed in which preliminary validation of enantioselectivity is placed on a structural foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Meyer
- Organisch Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 3648149MünsterGermany
| | - Joel Häfliger
- Organisch Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 3648149MünsterGermany
| | - Michael Schäfer
- Organisch Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 3648149MünsterGermany
| | - John J. Molloy
- Organisch Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 3648149MünsterGermany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 3648149MünsterGermany
| | - Ryan Gilmour
- Organisch Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 3648149MünsterGermany
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23
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Kang L, Wang F, Zhang J, Yang H, Xia C, Qian J, Jiang G. High Chemo-/Stereoselectivity for Synthesis of Polysubstituted Monofluorinated Pyrimidyl Enol Ether Derivatives. Org Lett 2021; 23:1669-1674. [PMID: 33599505 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A novel intramolecular Smiles rearrangement of α-fluoro-β-keto-pyrimidylsulfones (usually used as a carbon nucleophile) was developed, providing a versatile avenue for synthesis of tri/tetra-substituted monofluorinated pyrimidyl enol ethers. Among these, diverse (Z)-monofluorovinylsulfones and sulfinates were efficiently assembled by adding extra electrophile and fine-tuning reaction conditions. The process is triggered by a keto-enol tautomerism from enol oxyanion to pyrimidine 2-carbon, completely different from the classical carbon nucleophilic addition reaction approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Kang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Huameng Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Chungu Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Jinlong Qian
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Gaoxi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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24
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Meyer S, Häfliger J, Schäfer M, Molloy JJ, Daniliuc CG, Gilmour R. Eine chirale pentafluorierte Isopropylgruppe durch Iod(I)/(III)‐Katalyse. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202015946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Meyer
- Organisch Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Joel Häfliger
- Organisch Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Michael Schäfer
- Organisch Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - John J. Molloy
- Organisch Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Ryan Gilmour
- Organisch Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Deutschland
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25
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Dong X, Roeckl JL, Waldvogel SR, Morandi B. Merging shuttle reactions and paired electrolysis for reversible vicinal dihalogenations. Science 2021; 371:507-514. [DOI: 10.1126/science.abf2974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xichang Dong
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Johannes L. Roeckl
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Bill Morandi
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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26
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Wata C, Hashimoto T. Organoiodine-Catalyzed Enantioselective Intermolecular Oxyamination of Alkenes. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:1745-1751. [PMID: 33482057 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c11440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Metal-free, catalytic enantioselective intermolecular oxyamination of alkenes is realized by use of organoiodine(I/III) chemistry. The protocol is applicable toward aryl- and alkyl-substituted alkenes with high enantioselectivity and electronically controlled regioselectivity. The oxyaminated products can be easily deprotected in one step to reveal free amino alcohols in high yields without loss of enantioselectivity. A key to our success is the discovery of a virtually unexplored chemical entity, N-(fluorosulfonyl)carbamate, as a bifunctional N,O-nucleophile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chisato Wata
- Chiba Iodine Resource Innovation Center and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Takuya Hashimoto
- Chiba Iodine Resource Innovation Center and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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27
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Bock J, Guria S, Wedek V, Hennecke U. Enantioselective Dihalogenation of Alkenes. Chemistry 2021; 27:4517-4530. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Bock
- Organic Chemistry Research Group (ORGC) Department of Chemistry and Department of Bioengineering Sciences Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) Pleinlaan 2 1050 Brussels Belgium
| | - Sudip Guria
- Organic Chemistry Research Group (ORGC) Department of Chemistry and Department of Bioengineering Sciences Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) Pleinlaan 2 1050 Brussels Belgium
| | - Volker Wedek
- Organic Chemistry Research Group (ORGC) Department of Chemistry and Department of Bioengineering Sciences Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) Pleinlaan 2 1050 Brussels Belgium
| | - Ulrich Hennecke
- Organic Chemistry Research Group (ORGC) Department of Chemistry and Department of Bioengineering Sciences Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) Pleinlaan 2 1050 Brussels Belgium
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28
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Lian P, Long W, Li J, Zheng Y, Wan X. Visible‐Light‐Induced Vicinal Dichlorination of Alkenes through LMCT Excitation of CuCl
2. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202010801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Lian
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University 199 Ren-Ai Road Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
| | - Wenhao Long
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University 199 Ren-Ai Road Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University 199 Ren-Ai Road Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
| | - Yonggao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University 199 Ren-Ai Road Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
| | - Xiaobing Wan
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University 199 Ren-Ai Road Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
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29
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Lian P, Long W, Li J, Zheng Y, Wan X. Visible‐Light‐Induced Vicinal Dichlorination of Alkenes through LMCT Excitation of CuCl
2. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:23603-23608. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Lian
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University 199 Ren-Ai Road Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
| | - Wenhao Long
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University 199 Ren-Ai Road Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University 199 Ren-Ai Road Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
| | - Yonggao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University 199 Ren-Ai Road Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
| | - Xiaobing Wan
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University 199 Ren-Ai Road Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
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30
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Sarie JC, Thiehoff C, Neufeld J, Daniliuc CG, Gilmour R. Enantioselective Synthesis of 3-Fluorochromanes via Iodine(I)/Iodine(III) Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:15069-15075. [PMID: 32347605 PMCID: PMC7496101 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202005181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The chromane nucleus is common to a plenum of bioactive small molecules where it is frequently oxidized at position 3. Motivated by the importance of this position in conferring efficacy, and the prominence of bioisosterism in drug discovery, an iodine(I)/iodine(III) catalysis strategy to access enantioenriched 3-fluorochromanes is disclosed (up to 7:93 e.r.). In situ generation of ArIF2 enables the direct fluorocyclization of allyl phenyl ethers to generate novel scaffolds that manifest the stereoelectronic gauche effect. Mechanistic interrogation using deuterated probes confirms a stereospecific process consistent with a type IIinv pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme C. Sarie
- Organisch Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Christian Thiehoff
- Organisch Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Jessica Neufeld
- Organisch Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Ryan Gilmour
- Organisch Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
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31
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Lennox AJJ, Doobary S. Alkene Vicinal Difluorination: From Fluorine Gas to More Favoured Conditions. Synlett 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1707143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Vicinal difluorinated alkanes are entities relevant to medicinal chemistry that are accessed through the difluorination of alkenes. This reaction has advanced from the use of highly reactive and unsafe reagents, which provide poor functional-group tolerance and selectivity, to the use of safer and more selective reagents that facilitate access to a broader scope of substrates. In this review article, we describe the details of these developments.1 Introduction2 Strategy 1: Ambiphilic Fluorine Sources3 Strategy 2: Oxidant and Fluoride4 Conclusions and Outlook
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32
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Sarie JC, Thiehoff C, Neufeld J, Daniliuc CG, Gilmour R. Enantioselektive Synthese von 3‐Fluorchromanen durch Iod(I)/Iod(III)‐Katalyse. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202005181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme C. Sarie
- Organisch Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Christian Thiehoff
- Organisch Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Jessica Neufeld
- Organisch Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Ryan Gilmour
- Organisch Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
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33
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Choi G, Kim HE, Hwang S, Jang H, Chung WJ. Phosphorus(III)-Mediated, Tandem Deoxygenative Geminal Chlorofluorination of 1,2-Diketones. Org Lett 2020; 22:4190-4195. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Garam Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Eun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunjoo Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanna Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-jin Chung
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
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34
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Planas O, Wang F, Leutzsch M, Cornella J. Fluorination of arylboronic esters enabled by bismuth redox catalysis. Science 2020; 367:313-317. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aaz2258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oriol Planas
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Feng Wang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Markus Leutzsch
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Josep Cornella
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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Xing L, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Ai Z, Li X, Du Y, Deng J, Zhao K. Regioselective Chlorolactonization of Styrene-Type Carboxylic Esters and Amides via PhICl 2-Mediated Oxidative C-O/C-Cl Bond Formations. J Org Chem 2019; 84:13832-13840. [PMID: 31525875 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A facile method employing styrene-type carboxylic esters or amides in the presence of PhICl2 in CH3CN was developed to achieve the synthesis of 6-endo products 3,4-dihydroisocoumarins or 3,4-dihydroisocoumarin-1-imines in good to high yields. This metal-free regioselective intramolecular chlorolactonization process was proposed to involve a PhICl2-mediated oxidative C-O bond formation followed by C-Cl bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Xing
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Yilin Zhang
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry , West Virginia University , Morgantown , West Virginia 26506-6045 , United States
| | - Zhenkang Ai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Xuemin Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Yunfei Du
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Jun Deng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Chongqing University , Chongqing 401331 , China
| | - Kang Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
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