1
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Itabashi H, Tashiro K, Koshikawa S, Datta S, Yagai S. Distinct seed topologies enable comparison of elongation and secondary nucleation pathways in seeded supramolecular polymerization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023. [PMID: 37161759 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc01587d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The influence of seed topologies on seeded supramolecular polymerization was examined using helicoidal and toroidal supramolecular polymer seeds. The addition of these seeds to a supersaturated solution of monomers led to distinct nucleation-growth kinetics, which were attributed to the significant difference between the elongation from helicoid termini and secondary nucleation catalyzed by the toroid surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Itabashi
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Keigo Tashiro
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Seikei University, 3-3-1 Kichijoji-kitamachi, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, 180-8633, Japan
| | - Shumpei Koshikawa
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Sougata Datta
- Institute for Advanced Academic Research (IAAR), Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Institute for Advanced Academic Research (IAAR), Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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2
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Takahashi S, Iuchi S, Hiraoka S, Sato H. Theoretical and computational methodologies for understanding coordination self-assembly complexes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:14659-14671. [PMID: 37051715 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp00082f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
This perspective highlights three theoretical and computational methods to capture the coordination self-assembly processes at the molecular level: quantum chemical modeling, molecular dynamics, and reaction network analysis. These methods cover the different scales from the metal-ligand bond to a more global aspect, and approaches that are best suited to understand the coordination self-assembly from different perspectives are introduced. Theoretical and numerical researches based on these methods are not merely ways of interpreting the experimental studies but complementary to them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Takahashi
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.
| | - Satoru Iuchi
- Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Shuichi Hiraoka
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.
| | - Hirofumi Sato
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
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3
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Molecular communications in complex systems of dynamic supramolecular polymers. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2162. [PMID: 35443756 PMCID: PMC9021206 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29804-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular polymers are composed of monomers that self-assemble non-covalently, generating distributions of monodimensional fibres in continuous communication with each other and with the surrounding solution. Fibres, exchanging molecular species, and external environment constitute a sole complex system, which intrinsic dynamics is hard to elucidate. Here we report coarse-grained molecular simulations that allow studying supramolecular polymers at the thermodynamic equilibrium, explicitly showing the complex nature of these systems, which are composed of exquisitely dynamic molecular entities. Detailed studies of molecular exchange provide insights into key factors controlling how assemblies communicate with each other, defining the equilibrium dynamics of the system. Using minimalistic and finer chemically relevant molecular models, we observe that a rich concerted complexity is intrinsic in such self-assembling systems. This offers a new dynamic and probabilistic (rather than structural) picture of supramolecular polymer systems, where the travelling molecular species continuously shape the assemblies that statistically emerge at the equilibrium. The dynamic structure of supramolecular polymers is challenging to determine both in experiments and in simulations. Here the authors use coarse-grained molecular models to provide a comprehensive analysis of the molecular communication in these complex molecular systems.
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4
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Ślęczkowski ML, Mabesoone MFJ, Preuss MD, Post Y, Palmans ARA, Meijer EW. Helical bias in supramolecular polymers accounts for different stabilities of kinetically trapped states. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcin L. Ślęczkowski
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Mathijs F. J. Mabesoone
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Institute of Microbiology Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich Zürich Switzerland
| | - Marco D. Preuss
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Yorick Post
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Anja R. A. Palmans
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - E. W. Meijer
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
- School of Chemistry and the UNSW RNA Institute University of New South Wales Sydney Australia
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5
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Kinetic and structural roles for the surface in guiding SAS-6 self-assembly to direct centriole architecture. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6180. [PMID: 34702818 PMCID: PMC8548535 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26329-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Discovering mechanisms governing organelle assembly is a fundamental pursuit in biology. The centriole is an evolutionarily conserved organelle with a signature 9-fold symmetrical chiral arrangement of microtubules imparted onto the cilium it templates. The first structure in nascent centrioles is a cartwheel, which comprises stacked 9-fold symmetrical SAS-6 ring polymers emerging orthogonal to a surface surrounding each resident centriole. The mechanisms through which SAS-6 polymerization ensures centriole organelle architecture remain elusive. We deploy photothermally-actuated off-resonance tapping high-speed atomic force microscopy to decipher surface SAS-6 self-assembly mechanisms. We show that the surface shifts the reaction equilibrium by ~104 compared to solution. Moreover, coarse-grained molecular dynamics and atomic force microscopy reveal that the surface converts the inherent helical propensity of SAS-6 polymers into 9-fold rings with residual asymmetry, which may guide ring stacking and impart chiral features to centrioles and cilia. Overall, our work reveals fundamental design principles governing centriole assembly. The centriole exhibits an evolutionarily conserved 9-fold radial symmetry that stems from a cartwheel containing vertically stacked ring polymers that harbor 9 homodimers of the protein SAS-6. Here the authors show how dual properties inherent to surface-guided SAS-6 self-assembly possess spatial information that dictates correct scaffolding of centriole architecture.
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6
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Metal Ion Interactions with mAbs: Part 2. Zinc-Mediated Aggregation of IgG1 Monoclonal Antibodies. Pharm Res 2021; 38:1387-1395. [PMID: 34382142 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-021-03089-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the physical and chemical degradation of monoclonal antibodies in the presence of Zn2+. METHODS A full length IgG1 monoclonal antibody (mAb1) was formulated with various amounts of Zn2+. The resulting mixture was incubated for several weeks at room temperature and analyzed using a variety of biochemical techniques to look for various physical (e.g. aggregation) and chemical (e.g. fragmentation) degradation pathways. RESULTS mAb1 of the IgG1 subclass undergoes aggregation in the presence of Zn2+ in a concentration dependent manner. Up to hexamers were characterized using SEC-MALS. No fragmentation was noticed in the presence of Zn2+ as opposed to that found in our previous report when IgG1 mAbs were incubated in the presence of Cu2+ ions. Site directed mutagenesis indicated the involvement of Fc histidine (His 310) in Zn2+ mediated aggregation. CONCLUSIONS A novel metal ion mediated isodesmic aggregation mechanism was found in IgG1 class of monoclonal antibodies. Histidine residues in the Fc region were determined to be the binding site and implicated in Zn2+ mediated aggregation.
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7
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A dissipative pathway for the structural evolution of DNA fibres. Nat Chem 2021; 13:843-849. [PMID: 34373598 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-021-00751-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Biochemical networks interconnect, grow and evolve to express new properties as different chemical pathways are selected during a continuous cycle of energy consumption and transformation. In contrast, synthetic systems that push away from equilibrium usually return to the same self-assembled state, often generating waste that limits system recyclability and prevents the formation of adaptable networks. Here we show that annealing by slow proton dissipation selects for otherwise inaccessible morphologies of fibres built from DNA and cyanuric acid. Using single-molecule fluorescence microscopy, we observe that proton dissipation influences the growth mechanism of supramolecular polymerization, healing gaps within fibres and converting highly branched, interwoven networks into nanocable superstructures. Just as the growth kinetics of natural fibres determine their structural attributes to modulate function, our system of photoacid-enabled depolymerization and repolymerization selects for healed materials to yield organized, robust fibres. Our method provides a chemical route for error-checking, distinct from thermal annealing, that improves the morphologies and properties of supramolecular materials using out-of-equilibrium systems.
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8
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Robayo-Molina I, Molina-Osorio AF, Guinane L, Tofail SAM, Scanlon MD. Pathway Complexity in Supramolecular Porphyrin Self-Assembly at an Immiscible Liquid-Liquid Interface. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:9060-9069. [PMID: 34115491 PMCID: PMC8227452 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c02481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Nanostructures that
are inaccessible through spontaneous thermodynamic
processes may be formed by supramolecular self-assembly under kinetic
control. In the past decade, the dynamics of pathway complexity in
self-assembly have been elucidated through kinetic models based on
aggregate growth by sequential monomer association and dissociation.
Immiscible liquid–liquid interfaces are an attractive platform
to develop well-ordered self-assembled nanostructures, unattainable
in bulk solution, due to the templating interaction of the interface
with adsorbed molecules. Here, we report time-resolved in
situ UV–vis spectroscopic observations of the self-assembly
of zinc(II) meso-tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (ZnTPPc) at an
immiscible aqueous–organic interface. We show that the kinetically
favored metastable J-type nanostructures form quickly, but then transform
into stable thermodynamically favored H-type nanostructures. Numerical
modeling revealed two parallel and competing cooperative pathways
leading to the different porphyrin nanostructures. These insights
demonstrate that pathway complexity is not unique to self-assembly
processes in bulk solution and is equally valid for interfacial self-assembly.
Subsequently, the interfacial electrostatic environment was tuned
using a kosmotropic anion (citrate) in order to influence the pathway
selection. At high concentrations, interfacial nanostructure formation
was forced completely down the kinetically favored pathway, and only
J-type nanostructures were obtained. Furthermore, we found by atomic
force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy that the J- and
H-type nanostructures obtained at low and high citric acid concentrations,
respectively, are morphologically distinct, which illustrates the
pathway-dependent material properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Robayo-Molina
- The Bernal Institute and Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Andrés F Molina-Osorio
- The Bernal Institute and Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Luke Guinane
- The Bernal Institute and Department of Physics, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Syed A M Tofail
- The Bernal Institute and Department of Physics, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Micheál D Scanlon
- The Bernal Institute and Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland.,Advanced Materials and Bioengineering (AMBER) Centre, CRANN Institute, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin 2 D02 PN40, Ireland
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9
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Cencer MM, Greenlee AJ, Moore JS. Quantifying Error Correction through a Rule-Based Model of Strand Escape from an [n]-Rung Ladder. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 142:162-168. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b08958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Morgan M. Cencer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Andrew J. Greenlee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jeffrey S. Moore
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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10
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ten Eikelder HMM, Markvoort AJ. Mass-Balance Models for Scrutinizing Supramolecular (Co)polymerizations in Thermodynamic Equilibrium. Acc Chem Res 2019; 52:3465-3474. [PMID: 31756081 PMCID: PMC6921686 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed increasing attention on supramolecular polymerization, i.e., the formation of one-dimensional aggregates in which the monomeric units bind together via reversible and usually highly directional non-covalent interactions. Because of the presence of these reversible interactions, such as hydrogen bonding, π-π interactions, or metal coordination, supramolecular polymers exhibit numerous desirable properties ranging from high thermoresponsiveness to self-healing and great capacity for processability and recycling. These properties relate to intriguing experimentally observed nonlinear effects such as the monomer-dependent presence of a critical temperature for aggregation and a solvent- and temperature-tunable aggregate morphology. For coassemblies this is complemented with monomer-ratio- and monomer-compatibility-dependent internal order as well as majority-rules-type chiral amplification. However, the dynamic nature of the (co)polymers and the intricate interplay of many interactions make these effects difficult to rationalize without theoretical models. This Account presents recent advances in the development and use of equilibrium models for supramolecular copolymerization based on mass balances, mainly developed by our group. The basic idea of these models is that we describe a supramolecular (co)polymerization by a set of independent equilibrium reactions, like monomer associations and dissociations, and that in thermodynamic equilibrium the concentrations of the reactants and products in each reaction are coupled via the equilibrium constant of that reaction. Recursion then allows the concentration of each possible aggregate to be written as a function of the free monomer concentrations. Because a monomer should be present either as a free monomer or in one of the aggregates, a set of n equations can be formed with the n free monomer concentrations as the only unknowns. This set of mass-balance equations can then be solved numerically, yielding the free monomer concentrations, from which the complete system can be reconstituted. By a step-by-step extension of the model for the aggregation of a single monomer type to include the formation of multiple aggregate types and the coassembly of multiple monomer types, we can capture increasingly complex supramolecular (co)polymerizations. In each step we illustrate how the extended model explains in detail another of the experimentally observed nonlinear effects, with the common denominator that small differences in association energies are intricately amplified at the supramolecular level. We finally arrive at our latest and most general approach to modeling (cooperative) supramolecular (co)polymerization, which encompasses all of our earlier models and shows great promise to help rationalize also future systems featuring ever-increasing complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huub M. M. ten Eikelder
- Computational Biology Group and Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven
University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Albert J. Markvoort
- Computational Biology Group and Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven
University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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11
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Rho JY, Cox H, Mansfield EDH, Ellacott SH, Peltier R, Brendel JC, Hartlieb M, Waigh TA, Perrier S. Dual self-assembly of supramolecular peptide nanotubes to provide stabilisation in water. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4708. [PMID: 31624265 PMCID: PMC6797743 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12586-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-assembling peptides have the ability to spontaneously aggregate into large ordered structures. The reversibility of the peptide hydrogen bonded supramolecular assembly make them tunable to a host of different applications, although it leaves them highly dynamic and prone to disassembly at the low concentration needed for biological applications. Here we demonstrate that a secondary hydrophobic interaction, near the peptide core, can stabilise the highly dynamic peptide bonds, without losing the vital solubility of the systems in aqueous conditions. This hierarchical self-assembly process can be used to stabilise a range of different β-sheet hydrogen bonded architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Y Rho
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Henry Cox
- Biological Physics, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | | | - Sean H Ellacott
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Raoul Peltier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | | | - Matthias Hartlieb
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Thomas A Waigh
- Biological Physics, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Photon Science Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Sébastien Perrier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
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12
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ten
Eikelder HMM, Adelizzi B, Palmans ARA, Markvoort AJ. Equilibrium Model for Supramolecular Copolymerizations. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:6627-6642. [PMID: 31287320 PMCID: PMC6681264 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b04373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The coassembly of different building blocks into supramolecular copolymers provides a promising avenue to control their properties and to thereby expand the potential of supramolecular polymers in applications. However, contrary to covalent copolymerization which nowadays can be well controlled, the control over sequence, polymer length, and morphology in supramolecular copolymers is to date less developed, and their structures are more determined by the delicate balance in binding free energies between the distinct building blocks than by kinetics. Consequently, to rationalize the structures of supramolecular copolymers, a thorough understanding of their thermodynamic behavior is needed. Though this is well established for single-component assemblies and over the past years several models have been proposed for specific copolymerization cases, a generally applicable model for supramolecular cooperative copolymers is still lacking. Here, we provide a generalization of our earlier mass-balance models for supramolecular copolymerizations that encompasses all our earlier models. In this model, the binding free energies of each pair of monomer types in each aggregate type can be set independently. We provide scripts to solve the model numerically for any (co)polymerization of one or two types of monomer into an arbitrary number of distinct aggregate types. We illustrate the applicability of the model on data from literature as well as on new experimental data of triarylamine triamide-based copolymers in three distinct solvents. We show that apart from common properties such as the degree of polymerization and length distributions, our approach also allows us to investigate properties such as the copolymer microstructure, that is, the internal ordering of monomers within the copolymers. Moreover, we show that in some cases, also intriguing analytical approximations can be derived from the mass balances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huub M. M. ten
Eikelder
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems, Computational Biology Group,
and Laboratory for
Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven
University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Beatrice Adelizzi
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems, Computational Biology Group,
and Laboratory for
Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven
University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Anja R. A. Palmans
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems, Computational Biology Group,
and Laboratory for
Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven
University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Albert J. Markvoort
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems, Computational Biology Group,
and Laboratory for
Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven
University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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13
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Wagner W, Wehner M, Stepanenko V, Würthner F. Supramolecular Block Copolymers by Seeded Living Polymerization of Perylene Bisimides. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:12044-12054. [PMID: 31304748 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b04935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Living covalent polymerization has been a subject of intense research for many decades and has culminated in the synthesis of a large variety of block copolymers (BCPs) with structural and functional diversity. In contrast, the research on supramolecular BCPs is still in its infancy and their generation by living processes remains a challenge. Here we report the formation of supramolecular block copolymers by two-component seeded living polymerization of properly designed perylene bisimides (PBIs) under precise kinetic control. Our detailed studies on thermodynamically and kinetically controlled supramolecular polymerization of three investigated PBIs, which contain hydrogen-bonding amide side groups in imide position and chlorine, methoxy, or methylthio substituents in 1,7 bay-positions, revealed that these PBIs form kinetically metastable H-aggregates, which can be transformed into the thermodynamically favored J-aggregates by seed-induced living polymerization. We show here that copolymerization of kinetically trapped states of one PBI with seeds of another PBI leads to the formation of supramolecular block copolymers by chain-growth process from the seed termini as confirmed by UV/vis spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). This work demonstrates for the first time the formation of triblock supramolecular polymer architectures with A-B-A and B-A-B block pattern by alternate two-component seeded polymerization in a living manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Wagner
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) , Universität Würzburg , Theodor-Boveri-Weg , 97074 Würzburg , Germany.,Institut für Organische Chemie , Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Marius Wehner
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) , Universität Würzburg , Theodor-Boveri-Weg , 97074 Würzburg , Germany.,Institut für Organische Chemie , Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Vladimir Stepanenko
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) , Universität Würzburg , Theodor-Boveri-Weg , 97074 Würzburg , Germany.,Institut für Organische Chemie , Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
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14
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Graham TR, Pope DJ, Ghadar Y, Clark S, Clark A, Saunders SR. Alcohol Clustering Mechanisms in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Using Pulsed-Field Gradient, Diffusion NMR and Network Analysis: Feedback on Stepwise Self-Association Models. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:5316-5323. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b02305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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15
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Lafleur RPM, Schoenmakers SMC, Madhikar P, Bochicchio D, Baumeier B, Palmans ARA, Pavan GM, Meijer EW. Insights into the Kinetics of Supramolecular Comonomer Incorporation in Water. Macromolecules 2019; 52:3049-3055. [PMID: 31043763 PMCID: PMC6484380 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Multicomponent
supramolecular polymers are a versatile platform
to prepare functional architectures, but a few studies have been devoted
to investigate their noncovalent synthesis. Here, we study supramolecular
copolymerizations by examining the mechanism and time scales associated
with the incorporation of new monomers in benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide
(BTA)-based supramolecular polymers. The BTA molecules in this study
all contain three tetra(ethylene glycol) chains at the periphery for
water solubility but differ in their alkyl chains that feature either
10, 12 or 13 methylene units. C10BTA does not form ordered
supramolecular assemblies, whereas C12BTA and C13BTA both form high aspect ratio supramolecular polymers. First, we
illustrate that C10BTA can mix into the supramolecular
polymers based on either C12BTA or C13BTA by
comparing the temperature response of the equilibrated mixtures to
the temperature response of the individual components in water. Subsequently,
we mix C10BTA with the polymers and follow the copolymerization
over time with UV spectroscopy and hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass
spectrometry experiments. Interestingly, the time scales obtained
in both experiments reveal significant differences in the rates of
copolymerization. Coarse-grained simulations are used to study the
incorporation pathway and kinetics of the C10BTA monomers
into the different polymers. The results demonstrate that the kinetic
stability of the host supramolecular polymer controls the rate at
which new monomers can enter the existing supramolecular polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- René P M Lafleur
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra M C Schoenmakers
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Pranav Madhikar
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Davide Bochicchio
- Department of Innovative Technologies, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Galleria 2, Via Cantonale 2c, CH-6928 Manno, Switzerland
| | - Björn Baumeier
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Anja R A Palmans
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Giovanni M Pavan
- Department of Innovative Technologies, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Galleria 2, Via Cantonale 2c, CH-6928 Manno, Switzerland
| | - E W Meijer
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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16
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Buchelnikov AS, Evstigneev VP, Evstigneev MP. Hetero-association models of non-covalent molecular complexation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:7717-7731. [PMID: 30931443 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp03183e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The present review discusses the current state-of-the-art in building models enabling the description of non-covalent equilibrium complexation of different types of molecules in solution, which results in the formation of supramolecular structures different in length and composition (hetero-association or supramolecular multicomponent co-polymerisation). The description is focused on standard physical and chemical quantities such as experimental observables and equilibrium parameters of interaction (equilibrium constants and concentrations). The major partial cases of the hetero-association models, such as finite and indefinite isodesmic and cooperative complexations, and Benesi-Hildebrand and Langmuir adsorption models are considered. Future challenges in the development of the hetero-association models are provided.
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17
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Kownacki M, Langenegger SM, Liu SX, Häner R. Integrating DNA Photonic Wires into Light-Harvesting Supramolecular Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201809914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Kownacki
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bern; Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Simon M. Langenegger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bern; Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Shi-Xia Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bern; Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Robert Häner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bern; Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
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18
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Kownacki M, Langenegger SM, Liu SX, Häner R. Integrating DNA Photonic Wires into Light-Harvesting Supramolecular Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 58:751-755. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201809914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Kownacki
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bern; Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Simon M. Langenegger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bern; Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Shi-Xia Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bern; Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Robert Häner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bern; Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
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19
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Kawai S, Kuni M, Sugiyasu K. Regression Analysis for Nucleation-Elongation Model of Supramolecular Assembly: How To Determine Nucleus Size. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:9592-9604. [PMID: 30216068 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b07651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nucleation-elongation is known to give satisfactory descriptions of many supramolecular polymerization systems in thermal equilibrium. Its key feature is the necessity to form a "nucleus" consisting of a certain number of monomer units before being able to grow into a longer polymer chain. The size of the nucleus has significant implications for the understanding of the supramolecular polymerization mechanism. Here we investigate how experiments can give information on the nucleus size by regression analysis of various types of measurements. The measurements of free monomer concentrations, diffusion coefficients, and calorimetric response as functions of concentration or temperature are considered. The nucleation-elongation model with a general value for the nucleus size is used to provide mathematical expressions for these experimental observables. Numerical experiments are performed where experimental errors are simulated by computer-generated random numbers, and it is investigated whether least-squares fitting analyses can give the correct values of the nucleus size in the presence of experimental errors. It is recommended that the calorimetric measurements such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) or isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) be performed under various conditions to correctly determine the nucleus size experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinnosuke Kawai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Shizuoka University , 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku , Shizuoka 422-8529 , Japan
| | - Mikako Kuni
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Shizuoka University , 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku , Shizuoka 422-8529 , Japan
| | - Kazunori Sugiyasu
- Molecular Design & Function Group , National Institute for Material Science , 1-2-1 Sengen , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0047 , Japan
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20
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Adelizzi B, Aloi A, Markvoort AJ, Ten Eikelder HMM, Voets IK, Palmans ARA, Meijer EW. Supramolecular Block Copolymers under Thermodynamic Control. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:7168-7175. [PMID: 29733207 PMCID: PMC6002778 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b02706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
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Supramolecular
block copolymers are becoming attractive materials
in nascent optoelectronic and catalytic technologies. However, their
dynamic nature precludes the straightforward tuning and analysis of
the polymer’s structure. Here we report the elucidation on
the microstructure of triarylamine triamide-based supramolecular block
copolymers through a comprehensive battery of spectroscopic, theoretical,
and super-resolution microscopic techniques. Via spectroscopic analysis
we demonstrate that the direct mixing of preassembled homopolymers
and the copolymerization induced by slow cooling of monomers lead
to the formation of the same copolymer’s architecture. The
small but pronounced deviation of the experimental spectra from the
linear combination of the homopolymers’ spectra hints at the
formation of block copolymers. A mass balance model is introduced
to further unravel the microstructure of the copolymers formed, and
it confirms that stable multiblock supramolecular copolymers can be
accessed from different routes. The multiblock structure of the supramolecular
copolymers originates from the fine balance between favorable hydrogen-bonding
interactions and a small mismatch penalty between two different monomers.
Finally, we visualized the formation of the supramolecular block copolymers
by adapting a recently developed super-resolution microscopy technique,
interface point accumulation for imaging in nanoscale topography (iPAINT),
for visualizing the architectures formed in organic media. Combining
multiple techniques was crucial to unveil the microstructure of these
complex dynamic supramolecular systems.
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21
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Sorrenti A, Leira-Iglesias J, Markvoort AJ, de Greef TFA, Hermans TM. Non-equilibrium supramolecular polymerization. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:5476-5490. [PMID: 28349143 PMCID: PMC5708531 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00121e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 355] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular polymerization has been traditionally focused on the thermodynamic equilibrium state, where one-dimensional assemblies reside at the global minimum of the Gibbs free energy. The pathway and rate to reach the equilibrium state are irrelevant, and the resulting assemblies remain unchanged over time. In the past decade, the focus has shifted to kinetically trapped (non-dissipative non-equilibrium) structures that heavily depend on the method of preparation (i.e., pathway complexity), and where the assembly rates are of key importance. Kinetic models have greatly improved our understanding of competing pathways, and shown how to steer supramolecular polymerization in the desired direction (i.e., pathway selection). The most recent innovation in the field relies on energy or mass input that is dissipated to keep the system away from the thermodynamic equilibrium (or from other non-dissipative states). This tutorial review aims to provide the reader with a set of tools to identify different types of self-assembled states that have been explored so far. In particular, we aim to clarify the often unclear use of the term "non-equilibrium self-assembly" by subdividing systems into dissipative, and non-dissipative non-equilibrium states. Examples are given for each of the states, with a focus on non-dissipative non-equilibrium states found in one-dimensional supramolecular polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Sorrenti
- University of Strasbourg , CNRS , ISIS UMR 7006 , F-67000 Strasbourg , France .
| | | | - Albert J. Markvoort
- Computational Biology Group and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513 , 5600 MB Eindhoven , The Netherlands .
| | - Tom F. A. de Greef
- Computational Biology Group and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513 , 5600 MB Eindhoven , The Netherlands .
| | - Thomas M. Hermans
- University of Strasbourg , CNRS , ISIS UMR 7006 , F-67000 Strasbourg , France .
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22
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Yamauchi M, Adhikari B, Prabhu DD, Lin X, Karatsu T, Ohba T, Shimizu N, Takagi H, Haruki R, Adachi SI, Kajitani T, Fukushima T, Yagai S. Supramolecular Polymerization of Supermacrocycles: Effect of Molecular Conformations on Kinetics and Morphology. Chemistry 2017; 23:5270-5280. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuaki Yamauchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Bimalendu Adhikari
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Deepak D. Prabhu
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Xu Lin
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Takashi Karatsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Tomonori Ohba
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Nobutaka Shimizu
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization; 1-1, Oho Tsukuba 305-0801 Japan
| | - Hideaki Takagi
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization; 1-1, Oho Tsukuba 305-0801 Japan
| | - Rie Haruki
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization; 1-1, Oho Tsukuba 305-0801 Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Adachi
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization; 1-1, Oho Tsukuba 305-0801 Japan
| | - Takashi Kajitani
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center; 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo Hyogo 679-5148 Japan
| | - Takanori Fukushima
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
- Molecular Chirality Research Center; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
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23
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Zhou Y, Ma X, Zhang L, Lin J. Directed assembly of functionalized nanoparticles with amphiphilic diblock copolymers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:18757-18766. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp03294c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically propose a simple approach to achieve soft nanoparticles with a self-patchiness nature, which are further directed to assemble into a rich variety of highly ordered superstructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
| | - Xiaodong Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
| | - Liangshun Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
| | - Jiaping Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
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24
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Tebben L, Mück-Lichtenfeld C, Fernández G, Grimme S, Studer A. From Additivity to Cooperativity in Chemistry: Can Cooperativity Be Measured? Chemistry 2016; 23:5864-5873. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ludger Tebben
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Christian Mück-Lichtenfeld
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry; Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie; Universität Bonn; Beringstraße 4 53115 Bonn Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
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25
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Evstigneev VP, Pashkova IS, Kostjukov VV, Hernandez Santiago AA, Evstigneev MP. Optimal experiment design: Link between the concentration and the accuracy of estimation of aggregation parameters. Chem Phys Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2016.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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26
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Besenius P. Controlling supramolecular polymerization through multicomponent self-assembly. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pol Besenius
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 Mainz 55128 Germany
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27
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Haedler AT, Meskers SCJ, Zha RH, Kivala M, Schmidt HW, Meijer EW. Pathway Complexity in the Enantioselective Self-Assembly of Functional Carbonyl-Bridged Triarylamine Trisamides. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:10539-45. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b05184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas T. Haedler
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Institute for Complex Molecular
Systems and Laboratory of Molecular Science and Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan C. J. Meskers
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Institute for Complex Molecular
Systems and Laboratory of Molecular Science and Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - R. Helen Zha
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Institute for Complex Molecular
Systems and Laboratory of Molecular Science and Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Milan Kivala
- Chair
of Organic Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hans-Werner Schmidt
- Macromolecular
Chemistry I, Bayreuth Institute of Macromolecular Research, and Bayreuth
Center for Colloids and Interfaces, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - E. W. Meijer
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Institute for Complex Molecular
Systems and Laboratory of Molecular Science and Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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28
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Abstract
In this work, we explore theoretically the kinetics of molecular self-assembly in the presence of constant monomer flux as an input, and a maximal size. The proposed model is supposed to reproduce the dynamics of viral self-assembly for enveloped virus. It turns out that the kinetics of open self-assembly is rather quantitatively different from the kinetics of similar closed assembly. In particular, our results show that the convergence toward the stationary state is reached through assembly waves. Interestingly, we show that the production of complete clusters is much more efficient in the presence of a constant input flux, rather than providing all monomers at the beginning of the self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothée Verdier
- Univ Lyon, Ens de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique, F-69342 Lyon, France
| | - Lionel Foret
- Laboratoire de Physique Statistique, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Université Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Martin Castelnovo
- Univ Lyon, Ens de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique, F-69342 Lyon, France
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29
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Herkert L, Sampedro A, Fernández G. Cooperative self-assembly of discrete metal complexes. CrystEngComm 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ce01968d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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