1
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Kumeda T, Kondo K, Tanaka S, Sakata O, Hoshi N, Nakamura M. Surface Extraction Process During Initial Oxidation of Pt(111): Effect of Hydrophilic/Hydrophobic Cations in Alkaline Media. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:10312-10320. [PMID: 38506557 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The surface oxidation states of the metal electrodes affect the activity, selectivity, and stability of the electrocatalysts. Oxide formation and reduction on such electrodes must be comprehensively understood to achieve next-generation electrocatalysts with outstanding performance and stability. Herein, the initial electrochemical oxidation of Pt(111) in alkaline media containing hydrophilic and hydrophobic cations is investigated by X-ray crystal truncation rod (CTR) scattering, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, and nanoparticle-based surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Structural determination using X-ray CTR revealed surface buckling and Pt extraction at the initial stage of surface oxidation, depending on the cationic species. Vibrational spectroscopy is performed to identify the potential- and cation-dependent formation of three oxide species (IR-active OHad, Raman-active OHad/Oad(H2O), and Raman-active Oad). Hydrophilic alkali metal cations (Li+) inhibit surface roughening via irreversible oxide formation. Hydrophilic Li+ can strongly stabilize IR-active OHad, hindering the extraction of Pt surface atoms. Interestingly, bulky hydrophobic cations such as tetramethylammonium (TMA+) cation also reduce the extent of irreversible oxidation despite the absence of IR-active OHad. Hydrophobic TMA+ inhibits the formation of Raman-active OHad/Oad(H2O) associated with Pt extraction. In contrast, the moderate hydrophilicity of K+ has no protective effect against irreversible oxidation. Moderate hydrophilicity enables the coadsorption of Raman-active OHad/Oad(H2O) and Raman-active Oad. The electrostatic repulsion between Raman-active OHad/Oad(H2O) and neighboring Raman-active Oad promotes Pt extraction. These results provide insights into controlling the surface structures of electrocatalysts using cationic species during the oxide formation and reduction processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Kumeda
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Kenshin Kondo
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Syunnosuke Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Osami Sakata
- Center for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Nagahiro Hoshi
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Masashi Nakamura
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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2
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Torokhtii K, Alimenti A, Vidal García P, Pompeo N, Silva E. Proposal: Apparatus for Sensing the Effect of Surface Roughness on the Surface Resistance of Metals. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 23:s23010139. [PMID: 36616735 PMCID: PMC9823726 DOI: 10.3390/s23010139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The root mean square surface roughness Rq of metals is detrimental in several microwave applications. Rq characterization methods are thus largely used and of great interest. In this work, a new dielectric loaded resonator (DR) design is proposed to evaluate the surface resistance variations of samples with different Rq. The new design is thought to make the measurement accuracy, usually strongly affected by the measurement repeatability, suitable for this study. We analyze the measurement method's sensitivity and accuracy in order to assess the possibility of using this new DR design for highly accurate surface resistance measurements sensitive to Rq variations.
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3
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Lee SW, Jeon B, Lee H, Park JY. Hot Electron Phenomena at Solid-Liquid Interfaces. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:9435-9448. [PMID: 36194546 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the role of energy dissipation and charge transfer under exothermic chemical reactions on metal catalyst surfaces is important for elucidating the fundamental phenomena at solid-gas and solid-liquid interfaces. Recently, many surface chemistry studies have been conducted on the solid-liquid interface, so correlating electronic excitation in the liquid-phase with the reaction mechanism plays a crucial role in heterogeneous catalysis. In this review, we introduce the detection principle of electron transfer at the solid-liquid interface by developing cutting-edge technologies with metal-semiconductor Schottky nanodiodes. The kinetics of hot electron excitation are well correlated with the reaction rates, demonstrating that the operando method for understanding nonadiabatic interactions is helpful in studying the reaction mechanism of surface molecular processes. In addition to the detection of hot electrons excited by a catalytic reaction, we highlight recent results on how the transfer of the hot electrons influences surface chemical and photoelectrochemical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Woo Lee
- Department of Chemistry Education, Korea National University of Education (KNUE), Chungbuk28173, Republic of Korea
| | - Beomjoon Jeon
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyosun Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul04066, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Young Park
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon34141, Republic of Korea
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4
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Tailoring the active site for the oxygen evolution reaction on a Pt electrode. Commun Chem 2022; 5:126. [PMID: 36698008 PMCID: PMC9814662 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-022-00748-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Highly active electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are essential to improve the efficiency of water electrolysis. The properties of OER active sites on single-crystal Pt electrodes were examined herein. The OER is markedly enhanced by repeated oxidative and reductive potential cycles on the Pt(111) surface. The OER activity on Pt(111) is nine times higher in the third cycle than that before the potential cycles. OER activation by potential cycling depends on the (111) terrace width, with wider (111) terraces significantly enhancing the OER. The oxidation/reduction of the Pt(111) surface produces atomic-sized vacancies on the terraces that activate the OER. Structural analysis using X-ray diffraction reveals that the active sites formed by potential cycling are defects in the second subsurface Pt layer. Potential cycling induces the bowl-shaped roughening of the electrode surface, wherein high-coordination number Pt atoms at the bottom of the cavities activate the OER.
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5
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Zheng W, Lee LYS. Observing Electrocatalytic Processes via In Situ Electrochemical Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: Latest Advances. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200384. [PMID: 35621190 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Electrocatalysis is the foundation of many techniques that are currently used to address both environmental and energy problems. Therefore, understanding electrocatalytic processes is essential to guide the rational design of electrocatalysts. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), which was developed in the 1980s, remains one of the few techniques that allow surface imaging at the atomic level, making it incredibly useful in electrocatalytic research. In this review, we introduced the basic concept and latest applications of the STM technique for in situ studies of electrocatalytic processes, particularly its capability in analyzing species adsorption/desorption, surface reconstruction, active site identification, and electrocatalyst dissolution, as well as its advantages and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiran Zheng
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, HONG KONG
| | - Lawrence Yoon Suk Lee
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, ., Hung Hom, HONG KONG
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6
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Othman A, Bilan HK, Katz E, Smutok O. Highly Porous Gold Electrodes – Preparation and Characterization. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202200099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Othman
- Clarkson University Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science 13699 Potsdam UNITED STATES
| | - Hubert K. Bilan
- Clarkson University Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science 13699 Potsdam UNITED STATES
| | - Evgeny Katz
- Clarkson University Chemistry Department 8 Clarkson Avenue 13699-5810 Potsdam UNITED STATES
| | - Oleh Smutok
- Clarkson University Department of Chemistry and Biomolecule Science 13699 Potsdam UNITED STATES
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7
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Jacobse L, Vonk V, McCrum IT, Seitz C, Koper MT, Rost MJ, Stierle A. Electrochemical oxidation of Pt(111) beyond the place-exchange model. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.139881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction: From Bimetallic Platinum Alloys to Complex Solid Solutions. CHEMENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemengineering6010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The oxygen reduction reaction has been the object of intensive research in an attempt to improve the sluggish kinetics that limit the performance of renewable energy storage and utilization systems. Platinum or platinum bimetallic alloys are common choices as the electrode material, but prohibitive costs hamper their use. Complex alloy materials, such as high-entropy alloys (HEAs), or more generally, multiple principal component alloys (MPCAs), have emerged as a material capable of overcoming the limitations of platinum and platinum-based materials. Theoretically, due to the large variety of active sites, this new kind of material offers the opportunity to identify experimentally the optimal binding site on the catalyst surface. This review discusses recent advances in the application of such alloys for the oxygen reduction reaction and existing experimental challenges in the benchmarking of the electrocatalytic properties of these materials.
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9
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Jerkiewicz G. Applicability of Platinum as a Counter-Electrode Material in Electrocatalysis Research. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c06040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Jerkiewicz
- Department of Chemistry, Queen’s University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
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10
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Liu X, Huang L, Qian K. Nanomaterial‐Based Electrochemical Sensors: Mechanism, Preparation, and Application in Biomedicine. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202000104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xun Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes Division of Cardiology Renji Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University 160 Pujian Road Shanghai 200127 P.R. China
- School of Biomedical Engineering Institute of Medical Robotics and Med-X Research Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200030 P.R. China
| | - Lin Huang
- Stem Cell Research Center Renji Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University 160 Pujian Road Shanghai 200127 P.R. China
| | - Kun Qian
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes Division of Cardiology Renji Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University 160 Pujian Road Shanghai 200127 P.R. China
- School of Biomedical Engineering Institute of Medical Robotics and Med-X Research Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200030 P.R. China
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11
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Butcha S, Assavapanumat S, Ittisanronnachai S, Lapeyre V, Wattanakit C, Kuhn A. Nanoengineered chiral Pt-Ir alloys for high-performance enantioselective electrosynthesis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1314. [PMID: 33637758 PMCID: PMC7910542 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21603-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The design of efficient chiral catalysts is of crucial importance since it allows generating enantiomerically pure compounds. Tremendous efforts have been made over the past decades regarding the development of materials with enantioselective properties for various potential applications ranging from sensing to catalysis and separation. Recently, chiral features have been generated in mesoporous metals. Although these monometallic matrices show interesting enantioselectivity, they suffer from rather low stability, constituting an important roadblock for applications. Here, a straightforward strategy to circumvent this limitation by using nanostructured platinum-iridium alloys is presented. These materials can be successfully encoded with chiral information by co-electrodeposition from Pt and Ir salts in the simultaneous presence of a chiral compound and a lyotropic liquid crystal as asymmetric template and mesoporogen, respectively. The alloys enable a remarkable discrimination between chiral compounds and greatly improved enantioselectivity when used for asymmetric electrosynthesis (>95 %ee), combined with high electrochemical stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sopon Butcha
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP, 33607, Pessac, France
- School of Molecular Science and Engineering and School of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, 21210, Rayong, Thailand
| | - Sunpet Assavapanumat
- School of Molecular Science and Engineering and School of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, 21210, Rayong, Thailand
| | - Somlak Ittisanronnachai
- School of Molecular Science and Engineering and School of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, 21210, Rayong, Thailand
| | - Veronique Lapeyre
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP, 33607, Pessac, France
| | - Chularat Wattanakit
- School of Molecular Science and Engineering and School of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, 21210, Rayong, Thailand.
| | - Alexander Kuhn
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP, 33607, Pessac, France.
- School of Molecular Science and Engineering and School of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, 21210, Rayong, Thailand.
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12
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Choi S, Chung M, Kim D, Kim S, Yun K, Cha W, Harder R, Kawaguchi T, Liu Y, Ulvestad A, You H, Song MK, Kim H. In Situ Strain Evolution on Pt Nanoparticles during Hydrogen Peroxide Decomposition. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:8541-8548. [PMID: 33174748 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c03005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Fundamental understanding of structural changes during catalytic reactions is crucial to understanding the underlying mechanisms and optimizing efficiencies. Surface energy and related catalytic mechanisms are widely studied. However, the catalyst lattice deformation induced by catalytic processes is not well understood. Here, we study the strain in an individual platinum (Pt) nanoparticle (NP) using Bragg coherent diffraction imaging under in situ oxidation and reduction reactions. When Pt NPs are exposed to H2O2, a typical oxidizer and an intermediate during the oxygen reduction reaction process, alternating overall strain distribution near the surface and inside the NP is observed at the (111) Bragg reflection. In contrast, relatively insignificant changes appear in the (200) reflection. Density functional theory calculations are employed to rationalize the anisotropic lattice strain in terms of induced stress by H2O2 adsorption and decomposition on the Pt NP surface. Our study provides deeper insight into the activity-structure relationship in this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungwook Choi
- Department of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea
| | - Myungwoo Chung
- Department of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea
| | - Dongjin Kim
- Department of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea
| | - Sungwon Kim
- Department of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea
| | - Kyuseok Yun
- Department of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea
| | - Wonsuk Cha
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Ross Harder
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Tomoya Kawaguchi
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Yihua Liu
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Andrew Ulvestad
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Hoydoo You
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Mee Kyung Song
- Center for Nano Materials, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea
| | - Hyunjung Kim
- Department of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea
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13
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Beker AF, Sun H, Lemang M, van Omme JT, Spruit RG, Bremmer M, Basak S, Pérez Garza HH. In situ electrochemistry inside a TEM with controlled mass transport. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:22192-22201. [PMID: 33136106 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr04961a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The field of electrochemistry promises solutions for the future energy crisis and environmental deterioration by developing optimized batteries, fuel-cells and catalysts. Combined with in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM), it can reveal functional and structural changes. A drawback of this relatively young field is lack of reproducibility in controlling the liquid environment while retaining the imaging and analytical capabilities. Here, a platform for in situ electrochemical studies inside a TEM with a pressure-driven flow is presented, with the capability to control the flow direction and to ensure the liquid will always pass through the region of interest. As a result, the system offers the opportunity to define the mass transport and control the electric potential, giving access to the full kinetics of the redox reaction. In order to show the benefits of the system, copper dendrites are electrodeposited and show reliable electric potential control. Next, their morphology is changed by tuning the mass transport conditions. Finally, at a liquid thickness of approximately 100 nm, the diffraction pattern revealed the 1,1,1 planes of the copper crystals, indicating an atomic resolution down to 2.15 Å. Such control of the liquid thickness enabled elemental mapping, allowing us to distinguish the spatial distribution of different elements in liquid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne France Beker
- DENSsolutions B.V., Informaticalaan 12, 2628 ZD, Delft, The Netherlands.
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14
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Bak J, Kim H, Lee S, Kim M, Kim EJ, Roh J, Shin J, Choi CH, Cho E. Boosting the Role of Ir in Mitigating Corrosion of Carbon Support by Alloying with Pt. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Junu Bak
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro,
Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Haesol Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - SangJae Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro,
Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - MinJoong Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro,
Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Eom-Ji Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro,
Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - JeongHan Roh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro,
Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - JaeWook Shin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro,
Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hyuck Choi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - EunAe Cho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro,
Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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15
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Wu Y, Liu C, Wang C, Lu S, Zhang B. Selective Transfer Semihydrogenation of Alkynes with H
2
O (D
2
O) as the H (D) Source over a Pd‐P Cathode. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongmeng Wu
- Institute of Molecular Plus Department of Chemistry School of Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Cuibo Liu
- Institute of Molecular Plus Department of Chemistry School of Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Changhong Wang
- Institute of Molecular Plus Department of Chemistry School of Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Siyu Lu
- Green Catalysis Center College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450000 China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Plus Department of Chemistry School of Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of, Education) Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
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16
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Wu Y, Liu C, Wang C, Lu S, Zhang B. Selective Transfer Semihydrogenation of Alkynes with H
2
O (D
2
O) as the H (D) Source over a Pd‐P Cathode. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:21170-21175. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongmeng Wu
- Institute of Molecular Plus Department of Chemistry School of Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Cuibo Liu
- Institute of Molecular Plus Department of Chemistry School of Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Changhong Wang
- Institute of Molecular Plus Department of Chemistry School of Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Siyu Lu
- Green Catalysis Center College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450000 China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Plus Department of Chemistry School of Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of, Education) Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
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17
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Saibi R, Punathil Meethal R, Srinivasan R. Mechanistic Analysis of Hydrogen Evolution Reaction on Pt in HClO
4
Using Inverted Rotating Disc Electrode. ELECTROANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202060032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Saibi
- Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036
| | | | - Ramanathan Srinivasan
- Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036
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18
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Chattot R, Bordet P, Martens I, Drnec J, Dubau L, Maillard F. Building Practical Descriptors for Defect Engineering of Electrocatalytic Materials. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël Chattot
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LEPMI, 38000 Grenoble, France
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, ID 31 Beamline, BP 220, F-38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Pierre Bordet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut Néel, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Isaac Martens
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, ID 31 Beamline, BP 220, F-38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Jakub Drnec
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, ID 31 Beamline, BP 220, F-38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Laetitia Dubau
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LEPMI, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Frédéric Maillard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LEPMI, 38000 Grenoble, France
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19
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Rost MJ, Jacobse L, Koper MTM. The dualism between adatom- and vacancy-based single crystal growth models. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5233. [PMID: 31748552 PMCID: PMC6868172 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13188-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In homoepitaxial crystal growth, four basic growth morphologies (idealized growth modes) have been established that describe the deposition of atoms on single crystal surfaces: step-flow, layer-by-layer, mound formation, and random/self-affine growth. Mound formation leads to nano-scale surface patterning. However, the formation of (nano)-islands, patterns, and roughness occurs also during ion bombardment, electrochemical etching and oxidation/reduction cycling. Here we show, in analogy to many particle/anti-particle formalisms in physics, the existence of the dualism between individual adatom and single vacancy growth modes. We predict that all standard adatom growth modes do exist also in their counter, vacancy version. For the particular case of mound formation, we derive the theoretical equations and show the inverse similarity of the solution. We furthermore treat simultaneous growth by adatoms and vacancies, and derive the analytical solution of the growth shape evolution of the mounds. Finally, we present an experimental verification, in which both adatom and vacancy mound formation are active. The theoretically predicted mound shape nicely fits the experimental observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel J Rost
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333 CA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Leon Jacobse
- DESY NanoLab, Deutsches Elektronensynchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, D-22607, Hamburg, Germany
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marc T M Koper
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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