1
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Jain PM, Nellikka A, Kammara R. Understanding bacteriocin heterologous expression: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:133916. [PMID: 39033897 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Bacteriocins are a diverse group of ribosomally synthesised antimicrobial peptides/proteins that play an important role in self-defence. They are widely used as bio-preservatives and effective substitutes for disease eradication. They can be used in conjunction with or as an alternative to antibiotics to minimize the risk of resistance development. There are remarkably few reports indicating resistance to bacteriocins. Although there are many research reports that emphasise heterologous expression of bacteriocin, there are no convincing reports on the significant role that intrinsic and extrinsic factors play in overexpression. A coordinated and cooperative expression system works in concert with multiple genetic elements encoding native proteins, immunoproteins, exporters, transporters and enzymes involved in the post-translational modification of bacteriocins. The simplest way could be to utilise the existing E. coli expression system, which is conventional, widely used for heterologous expression and has been further extended for bacteriocin expression. In this article, we will review the intrinsic and extrinsic factors, advantages, disadvantages and major problems associated with bacteriocin overexpression in E. coli. Finally, we recommend the most effective strategies as well as numerous bacteriocin expression systems from E. coli, Lactococcus, Kluveromyces lactis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia pastoris for their suitability for successful overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanshi M Jain
- Department of Microbiology and Fermentation Technology, CSIR-CFTRI, AcSIR, Mysore, India
| | - Anagha Nellikka
- Department of Microbiology and Fermentation Technology, CSIR-CFTRI, AcSIR, Mysore, India
| | - Rajagopal Kammara
- Department of Microbiology and Fermentation Technology, CSIR-CFTRI, AcSIR, Mysore, India.
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2
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Sugrue I, Ross RP, Hill C. Bacteriocin diversity, function, discovery and application as antimicrobials. Nat Rev Microbiol 2024; 22:556-571. [PMID: 38730101 PMCID: PMC7616364 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01045-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Bacteriocins are potent antimicrobial peptides that are produced by bacteria. Since their discovery almost a century ago, diverse peptides have been discovered and described, and some are currently used as commercial food preservatives. Many bacteriocins exhibit extensively post-translationally modified structures encoded on complex gene clusters, whereas others have simple linear structures. The molecular structures, mechanisms of action and resistance have been determined for a number of bacteriocins, but most remain incompletely characterized. These gene-encoded peptides are amenable to bioengineering strategies and heterologous expression, enabling metagenomic mining and modification of novel antimicrobials. The ongoing global antimicrobial resistance crisis demands that novel therapeutics be developed to combat infectious pathogens. New compounds that are target-specific and compatible with the resident microbiota would be valuable alternatives to current antimicrobials. As bacteriocins can be broad or narrow spectrum in nature, they are promising tools for this purpose. However, few bacteriocins have gone beyond preclinical trials and none is currently used therapeutically in humans. In this Review, we explore the broad diversity in bacteriocin structure and function, describe identification and optimization methods and discuss the reasons behind the lack of translation beyond the laboratory of these potentially valuable antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Sugrue
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - R Paul Ross
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Colin Hill
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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3
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Hayashi J, Kobayashi D, Denda M, Otaka A. Late-Stage Formation of a Sactionine Linkage Enabled by Lossen Rearrangement of Glycyl Hydroxamic Acid. Org Lett 2024; 26:5167-5171. [PMID: 38848136 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Late-stage formation of a sactionine thioether bond connecting a Gly α-carbon and Cys thiol was achieved by Lossen rearrangement of a glycyl hydroxamic acid (GlyHA) residue in a peptide. Lossen rearrangement allowed conversion of GlyHA within a peptide to an N-acyl iminium equivalent, which subsequently reacted with S-acetamidomethyl Cys (Cys(Acm)) in TFA in the presence of guanidine hydrochloride (Gn·HCl) to yield the desired thioether linkage in the final stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Hayashi
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Daishiro Kobayashi
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Masaya Denda
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Akira Otaka
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
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4
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Le T, Zhang D, Martini RM, Biswas S, van der Donk WA. Use of a head-to-tail peptide cyclase to prepare hybrid RiPPs. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:6508-6511. [PMID: 38833296 PMCID: PMC11189026 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04919a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Cyclotides and lanthipeptides are cyclic peptide natural products with promising bioengineering potential. No peptides have been isolated that contain both structural motifs defining these two families, an N-to-C cyclised backbone and lanthionine linkages. We combined their biosynthetic machineries to produce hybrid structures that possess improved activity or stability, demonstrate how the AEP-1 plant cyclase can be utilised to complete the maturation of the sactipeptide subtilosin A, and present head-to-tail cyclisation of the glycocin sublancin. These studies show the plasticity of AEP-1 and its utilisation alongside other post-translational modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tung Le
- Department of Chemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Dongtianyu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Rachel M Martini
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Subhanip Biswas
- Department of Chemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Wilfred A van der Donk
- Department of Chemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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5
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Teber R, Asakawa S. In Silico Screening of Bacteriocin Gene Clusters within a Set of Marine Bacillota Genomes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2566. [PMID: 38473813 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to their potential application as an alternative to antibiotics, bacteriocins, which are ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides produced by bacteria, have received much attention in recent years. To identify bacteriocins within marine bacteria, most of the studies employed a culture-based method, which is more time-consuming than the in silico approach. For that, the aim of this study was to identify potential bacteriocin gene clusters and their potential producers in 51 marine Bacillota (formerly Firmicutes) genomes, using BAGEL4, a bacteriocin genome mining tool. As a result, we found out that a majority of selected Bacillota (60.78%) are potential bacteriocin producers, and we identified 77 bacteriocin gene clusters, most of which belong to class I bacteriocins known as RiPPs (ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides). The identified putative bacteriocin gene clusters are an attractive target for further in vitro research, such as the production of bacteriocins using a heterologous expression system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabeb Teber
- Laboratory of Aquatic Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Shuichi Asakawa
- Laboratory of Aquatic Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
- Signal Peptidome Research Laboratory, Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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6
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Li H, Ding W, Zhang Q. Discovery and engineering of ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide (RiPP) natural products. RSC Chem Biol 2024; 5:90-108. [PMID: 38333193 PMCID: PMC10849128 DOI: 10.1039/d3cb00172e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) represent a diverse superfamily of natural products with immense potential for drug development. This review provides a concise overview of the recent advances in the discovery of RiPP natural products, focusing on rational strategies such as bioactivity guided screening, enzyme or precursor-based genome mining, and biosynthetic engineering. The challenges associated with activating silent biosynthetic gene clusters and the development of elaborate catalytic systems are also discussed. The logical frameworks emerging from these research studies offer valuable insights into RiPP biosynthesis and engineering, paving the way for broader pharmaceutic applications of these peptide natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Li
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Wei Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
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7
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Eastman KS, Mifflin MC, Oblad PF, Roberts AG, Bandarian V. A Promiscuous rSAM Enzyme Enables Diverse Peptide Cross-linking. ACS BIO & MED CHEM AU 2023; 3:480-493. [PMID: 38144258 PMCID: PMC10739248 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomedchemau.3c00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Ribosomally produced and post-translationally modified polypeptides (RiPPs) are a diverse group of natural products that are processed by a variety of enzymes to their biologically relevant forms. PapB is a member of the radical S-adenosyl-l-methionine (rSAM) superfamily that introduces thioether cross-links between Cys and Asp residues in the PapA RiPP. We report that PapB has high tolerance for variations in the peptide substrate. Our results demonstrate that branched side chains in the thiol- and carboxylate-containing residues are processed and that lengthening of these groups to homocysteine and homoglutamate does not impair the ability of PapB to form thioether cross-links. Remarkably, the enzyme can even cross-link a peptide substrate where the native Asp carboxylate moiety is replaced with a tetrazole. We show that variations to residues embedded between the thiol- and carboxylate-containing residues are tolerated by PapB, as peptides containing both bulky (e.g., Phe) and charged (e.g., Lys) side chains in both natural L- and unnatural D-forms are efficiently cross-linked. Diastereomeric peptides bearing (2S,3R)- and (2S,3S)-methylaspartate are processed by PapB to form cyclic thioethers with markedly different rates, suggesting the enzymatic hydrogen atom abstraction event for the native Asp-containing substrate is diastereospecific. Finally, we synthesized two diastereomeric peptide substrates bearing E- and Z-configured γ,δ-dehydrohomoglutamate and show that PapB promotes addition of the deoxyadenosyl radical (dAdo•) instead of hydrogen atom abstraction. In the Z-configured γ,δ-dehydrohomoglutamate substrate, a fraction of the dAdo-adduct peptide is thioether cross-linked. In both cases, there is evidence for product inhibition of PapB, as the dAdo-adducts likely mimic the native transition state where dAdo• is poised to abstract a substrate hydrogen atom. Collectively, these findings provide critical insights into the arrangement of reacting species in the active site of the PapB, reveal unusual promiscuity, and highlight the potential of PapB as a tool in the development peptide therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karsten
A. S. Eastman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 S. 1400 E, Salt Lake
City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Marcus C. Mifflin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 S. 1400 E, Salt Lake
City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Paul F. Oblad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 S. 1400 E, Salt Lake
City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Andrew G. Roberts
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 S. 1400 E, Salt Lake
City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Vahe Bandarian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 S. 1400 E, Salt Lake
City, Utah 84112, United States
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8
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Clark KA, Covington BC, Seyedsayamdost MR. Biosynthesis-guided discovery reveals enteropeptins as alternative sactipeptides containing N-methylornithine. Nat Chem 2022; 14:1390-1398. [PMID: 36316408 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-022-01063-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The combination of next-generation DNA sequencing technologies and bioinformatics has revitalized natural product discovery. Using a bioinformatic search strategy, we recently identified ∼600 gene clusters in otherwise overlooked streptococci that code for ribosomal peptide natural products synthesized by radical S-adenosylmethionine enzymes. These grouped into 16 subfamilies and pointed to an unexplored microbiome biosynthetic landscape. Here we report the structure, biosynthesis and function of one of these natural product groups, which we term enteropeptins, from the gut microbe Enterococcus cecorum. We show three reactions in the biosynthesis of enteropeptins that are each catalysed by a different family of metalloenzymes. Among these, we characterize the founding member of a widespread superfamily of Fe-S-containing methyltransferases, which, together with an Mn2+-dependent arginase, installs N-methylornithine in the peptide sequence. Biological assays with the mature product revealed bacteriostatic activity only against the producing strain, extending an emerging theme of fratricidal or self-inhibitory metabolites in microbiome firmicutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenzie A Clark
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | | | - Mohammad R Seyedsayamdost
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
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9
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He B, Cheng Z, Zhong Z, Gao Y, Liu H, Li Y. Expanded Sequence Space of Radical S‐Adenosylmethionine‐Dependent Enzymes Involved in Post‐translational Macrocyclization**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202212447. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bei‐Bei He
- Department of Chemistry and The Swire Institute of Marine Science The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou) Guangzhou China
| | - Zhuo Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and The Swire Institute of Marine Science The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China
| | - Zheng Zhong
- Department of Chemistry and The Swire Institute of Marine Science The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Chemistry and The Swire Institute of Marine Science The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou) Guangzhou China
| | - Hongyan Liu
- Department of Chemistry and The Swire Institute of Marine Science The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou) Guangzhou China
| | - Yong‐Xin Li
- Department of Chemistry and The Swire Institute of Marine Science The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou) Guangzhou China
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10
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Ali A, Happel D, Habermann J, Schoenfeld K, Macarrón Palacios A, Bitsch S, Englert S, Schneider H, Avrutina O, Fabritz S, Kolmar H. Sactipeptide Engineering by Probing the Substrate Tolerance of a Thioether-Bond-Forming Sactisynthase. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202210883. [PMID: 36049110 PMCID: PMC9828075 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202210883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Sactipeptides are ribosomally synthesized peptides containing a unique sulfur to α-carbon crosslink. Catalyzed by sactisynthases, this thioether pattern endows sactipeptides with enhanced structural, thermal, and proteolytic stability, which makes them attractive scaffolds for the development of novel biotherapeutics. Herein, we report the in-depth study on the substrate tolerance of the sactisynthase AlbA to catalyze the formation of thioether bridges in sactipeptides. We identified a possible modification site within the sactipeptide subtilosin A allowing for peptide engineering without compromising formation of thioether bridges. A panel of natural and hybrid sactipeptides was produced to study the AlbA-mediated formation of thioether bridges, which were identified mass-spectrometrically. In a proof-of-principle study, we re-engineered subtilosin A to a thioether-bridged, specific streptavidin targeting peptide, opening the door for the functional engineering of sactipeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ataurehman Ali
- Department for Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryTechnische Universität DarmstadtAlarich-Weiß-Straße 464287DarmstadtGermany
| | - Dominic Happel
- Department for Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryTechnische Universität DarmstadtAlarich-Weiß-Straße 464287DarmstadtGermany
| | - Jan Habermann
- Department for Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryTechnische Universität DarmstadtAlarich-Weiß-Straße 464287DarmstadtGermany
| | - Katrin Schoenfeld
- Department for Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryTechnische Universität DarmstadtAlarich-Weiß-Straße 464287DarmstadtGermany
| | - Arturo Macarrón Palacios
- Department for Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryTechnische Universität DarmstadtAlarich-Weiß-Straße 464287DarmstadtGermany
| | - Sebastian Bitsch
- Department for Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryTechnische Universität DarmstadtAlarich-Weiß-Straße 464287DarmstadtGermany
| | - Simon Englert
- Department for Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryTechnische Universität DarmstadtAlarich-Weiß-Straße 464287DarmstadtGermany
| | - Hendrik Schneider
- Department for Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryTechnische Universität DarmstadtAlarich-Weiß-Straße 464287DarmstadtGermany
| | - Olga Avrutina
- Department for Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryTechnische Universität DarmstadtAlarich-Weiß-Straße 464287DarmstadtGermany
| | - Sebastian Fabritz
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax Planck Institute for Medical ResearchJahnstraße 2969120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Harald Kolmar
- Department for Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryTechnische Universität DarmstadtAlarich-Weiß-Straße 464287DarmstadtGermany
- Centre for Synthetic BiologyTechnical University of Darmstadt64283DamstadtGermany
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11
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Alloul A, Van Kampen W, Cerruti M, Wittouck S, Pabst M, Weissbrodt D. Exploring the role of antimicrobials in the selective growth of purple phototrophic bacteria through genome mining and agar spot assays. Lett Appl Microbiol 2022; 75:1275-1285. [PMID: 35938312 PMCID: PMC9804395 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Purple non-sulphur bacteria (PNSB) are an emerging group of microbes attractive for applied microbiology applications such as wastewater treatment, plant biostimulants, microbial protein, polyhydroxyalkanoates and H2 production. These photoorganoheterotrophic microbes have the unique ability to grow selectively on organic carbon in anaerobic photobioreactors. This so-called selectivity implies that the microbial community will have a low diversity and a high abundance of a particular PNSB species. Recently, it has been shown that certain PNSB strains can produce antimicrobials, yet it remains unclear whether these contribute to competitive inhibition. This research aimed to understand which type of antimicrobial PNSB produce and identify whether these compounds contribute to their selective growth. Mining 166 publicly-available PNSB genomes using the computational tool BAGEL showed that 59% contained antimicrobial encoding regions, more specifically biosynthetic clusters of bacteriocins and non-ribosomal peptide synthetases. Inter- and intra-species inhibition was observed in agar spot assays for Rhodobacter blasticus EBR2 and Rhodopseudomonas palustris EBE1 with inhibition zones of, respectively, 5.1 and 1.5-5.7 mm. Peptidomic analysis detected a peptide fragment in the supernatant (SVLQLLR) that had a 100% percentage identity match with a known non-ribosomal peptide synthetase with antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Alloul
- Department of BiotechnologyDelft University of TechnologyDelftthe Netherlands,Department of Bioscience EngineeringUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpenBelgium
| | - W. Van Kampen
- Department of BiotechnologyDelft University of TechnologyDelftthe Netherlands
| | - M. Cerruti
- Department of BiotechnologyDelft University of TechnologyDelftthe Netherlands
| | - S. Wittouck
- Department of Bioscience EngineeringUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpenBelgium
| | - M. Pabst
- Department of BiotechnologyDelft University of TechnologyDelftthe Netherlands
| | - D.G. Weissbrodt
- Department of BiotechnologyDelft University of TechnologyDelftthe Netherlands
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12
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Glassey E, King AM, Anderson DA, Zhang Z, Voigt CA. Functional expression of diverse post-translational peptide-modifying enzymes in Escherichia coli under uniform expression and purification conditions. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266488. [PMID: 36121811 PMCID: PMC9484694 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
RiPPs (ribosomally-synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides) are a class of pharmaceutically-relevant natural products expressed as precursor peptides before being enzymatically processed into their final functional forms. Bioinformatic methods have illuminated hundreds of thousands of RiPP enzymes in sequence databases and the number of characterized chemical modifications is growing rapidly; however, it remains difficult to functionally express them in a heterologous host. One challenge is peptide stability, which we addressed by designing a RiPP stabilization tag (RST) based on a small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) domain that can be fused to the N- or C-terminus of the precursor peptide and proteolytically removed after modification. This is demonstrated to stabilize expression of eight RiPPs representative of diverse phyla. Further, using Escherichia coli for heterologous expression, we identify a common set of media and growth conditions where 24 modifying enzymes, representative of diverse chemistries, are functional. The high success rate and broad applicability of this system facilitates: (i) RiPP discovery through high-throughput “mining” and (ii) artificial combination of enzymes from different pathways to create a desired peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emerson Glassey
- Department of Biological Engineering, Synthetic Biology Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - Andrew M. King
- Department of Biological Engineering, Synthetic Biology Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - Daniel A. Anderson
- Department of Biological Engineering, Synthetic Biology Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - Zhengan Zhang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Synthetic Biology Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - Christopher A. Voigt
- Department of Biological Engineering, Synthetic Biology Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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13
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Eastman KS, Kincannon WM, Bandarian V. Leveraging Substrate Promiscuity of a Radical S-Adenosyl-L-methionine RiPP Maturase toward Intramolecular Peptide Cross-Linking Applications. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2022; 8:1209-1217. [PMID: 36032765 PMCID: PMC9413430 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.2c00501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Radical S-adenosyl-l-methionine (RS) enzymes operate on a variety of substrates and catalyze a wide range of complex radical-mediated transformations. Radical non-α-carbon thioether peptides (ranthipeptides) are a class of ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs). The RS enzyme PapB catalyzes the formation of thioether cross-links between Cys/Asp (or Cys/Glu) residues located in six Cys-X3-Asp/Glu motifs. In this report, using a minimal substrate that contains a single cross-link motif, we explore the substrate scope of the PapB and show that the enzyme is highly promiscuous and will accept a variety of Cys-X n -Asp sequences where n = 0-6. Moreover, we show that the enzyme will introduce in-line and nested thioether cross-links independently in peptide sequences that contain two motifs derived from the wild-type sequence. Additionally, the enzyme accepts peptides that contain d-amino acids at either the Cys or the Asp position. These observations are leveraged to produce a thioether cyclized analogue of the FDA-approved therapeutic agent octreotide, with a Cys-Glu cross-link replacing the disulfide that is found in the drug. These findings highlight the remarkable substrate tolerance of PapB and show the utility of RS RiPP maturases in biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karsten
A. S. Eastman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt
Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | | | - Vahe Bandarian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt
Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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14
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Alajlani MM. Characterization of subtilosin gene in wild type Bacillus spp. and possible physiological role. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10521. [PMID: 35732659 PMCID: PMC9217942 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13804-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In a designed study to screen for antimicrobial exhibiting bacteria using molecular aspects, Bacillus species were considered to investigate antibiotic biosynthesis genes. 28 bacterial strains and 3 induced mutants were screened for the presence of subtilosin gene (sbo) and subtilosin through PCR and Mass spectrometry respectively. Sbo gene was detected in 16 out of 28 Bacillus strains. The results from gene sequences deliberated by multiple sequence alignments revealed high-level homology to the sequences of the sbo-alb gene locus of B. subtilis 168 and the other limited reported strains. Hence, this report provided additional strains to support the idea of subtilosin gene predominance amongst Bacillus strains isolated from environment and to find different species containing homologous genes, furthermore the utilization of its conserved region as a means of identifying Bacillus spp. that produce subtilosin. This is the first report to confirm the detection of subtilosin production from B. amyloliquefaciens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muaaz Mutaz Alajlani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology/Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Halle-Wittenberg, Hoher Weg 8, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany.
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15
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Alajlani MM. Characterization of subtilosin gene in wild type Bacillus spp. and possible physiological role. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10521. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-13804-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractIn a designed study to screen for antimicrobial exhibiting bacteria using molecular aspects, Bacillus species were considered to investigate antibiotic biosynthesis genes. 28 bacterial strains and 3 induced mutants were screened for the presence of subtilosin gene (sbo) and subtilosin through PCR and Mass spectrometry respectively. Sbo gene was detected in 16 out of 28 Bacillus strains. The results from gene sequences deliberated by multiple sequence alignments revealed high-level homology to the sequences of the sbo-alb gene locus of B. subtilis 168 and the other limited reported strains. Hence, this report provided additional strains to support the idea of subtilosin gene predominance amongst Bacillus strains isolated from environment and to find different species containing homologous genes, furthermore the utilization of its conserved region as a means of identifying Bacillus spp. that produce subtilosin. This is the first report to confirm the detection of subtilosin production from B. amyloliquefaciens.
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16
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Wu R, Ding W, Zhang Q. Consecutive Methylation catalyzed by
TsrM
, an atypical Class B radical
SAM
methylase. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202200174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Runze Wu
- Department of Chemistry Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Wei Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
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17
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Wenski SL, Thiengmag S, Helfrich EJ. Complex peptide natural products: Biosynthetic principles, challenges and opportunities for pathway engineering. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2022; 7:631-647. [PMID: 35224231 PMCID: PMC8842026 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2022.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Complex peptide natural products exhibit diverse biological functions and a wide range of physico-chemical properties. As a result, many peptides have entered the clinics for various applications. Two main routes for the biosynthesis of complex peptides have evolved in nature: ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide (RiPP) biosynthetic pathways and non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs). Insights into both bioorthogonal peptide biosynthetic strategies led to the establishment of universal principles for each of the two routes. These universal rules can be leveraged for the targeted identification of novel peptide biosynthetic blueprints in genome sequences and used for the rational engineering of biosynthetic pathways to produce non-natural peptides. In this review, we contrast the key principles of both biosynthetic routes and compare the different biochemical strategies to install the most frequently encountered peptide modifications. In addition, the influence of the fundamentally different biosynthetic principles on past, current and future engineering approaches is illustrated. Despite the different biosynthetic principles of both peptide biosynthetic routes, the arsenal of characterized peptide modifications encountered in RiPP and NRPS systems is largely overlapping. The continuous expansion of the biocatalytic toolbox of peptide modifying enzymes for both routes paves the way towards the production of complex tailor-made peptides and opens up the possibility to produce NRPS-derived peptides using the ribosomal route and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian L. Wenski
- Institute for Molecular Bio Science, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- LOEWE Center for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (TBG), 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sirinthra Thiengmag
- Institute for Molecular Bio Science, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- LOEWE Center for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (TBG), 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Eric J.N. Helfrich
- Institute for Molecular Bio Science, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- LOEWE Center for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (TBG), 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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18
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Wu Z, Li Y, Zhang L, Ding Z, Shi G. Microbial production of small peptide: pathway engineering and synthetic biology. Microb Biotechnol 2021; 14:2257-2278. [PMID: 33459516 PMCID: PMC8601181 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Small peptides are a group of natural products with low molecular weights and complex structures. The diverse structures of small peptides endow them with broad bioactivities and suggest their potential therapeutic use in the medical field. The remaining challenge is methods to address the main limitations, namely (i) the low amount of available small peptides from natural sources, and (ii) complex processes required for traditional chemical synthesis. Therefore, harnessing microbial cells as workhorse appears to be a promising approach to synthesize these bioactive peptides. As an emerging engineering technology, synthetic biology aims to create standard, well-characterized and controllable synthetic systems for the biosynthesis of natural products. In this review, we describe the recent developments in the microbial production of small peptides. More importantly, synthetic biology approaches are considered for the production of small peptides, with an emphasis on chassis cells, the evolution of biosynthetic pathways, strain improvements and fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial BiotechnologyMinistry of EducationSchool of BiotechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxiJiangsu Province214122China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation TechnologyJiangnan University1800 Lihu AvenueWuxiJiangsu Province214122China
- Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing TechnologyJiangnan University1800 Lihu AvenueWuxiJiangsu Province214122China
| | - Youran Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial BiotechnologyMinistry of EducationSchool of BiotechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxiJiangsu Province214122China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation TechnologyJiangnan University1800 Lihu AvenueWuxiJiangsu Province214122China
- Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing TechnologyJiangnan University1800 Lihu AvenueWuxiJiangsu Province214122China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial BiotechnologyMinistry of EducationSchool of BiotechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxiJiangsu Province214122China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation TechnologyJiangnan University1800 Lihu AvenueWuxiJiangsu Province214122China
- Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing TechnologyJiangnan University1800 Lihu AvenueWuxiJiangsu Province214122China
| | - Zhongyang Ding
- Key Laboratory of Industrial BiotechnologyMinistry of EducationSchool of BiotechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxiJiangsu Province214122China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation TechnologyJiangnan University1800 Lihu AvenueWuxiJiangsu Province214122China
- Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing TechnologyJiangnan University1800 Lihu AvenueWuxiJiangsu Province214122China
| | - Guiyang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Industrial BiotechnologyMinistry of EducationSchool of BiotechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxiJiangsu Province214122China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation TechnologyJiangnan University1800 Lihu AvenueWuxiJiangsu Province214122China
- Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing TechnologyJiangnan University1800 Lihu AvenueWuxiJiangsu Province214122China
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19
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Pahalagedara ASNW, Jauregui R, Maclean P, Altermann E, Flint S, Palmer J, Brightwell G, Gupta TB. Culture and genome-based analysis of four soil Clostridium isolates reveal their potential for antimicrobial production. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:686. [PMID: 34548019 PMCID: PMC8456703 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-08005-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soil bacteria are a major source of specialized metabolites including antimicrobial compounds. Yet, one of the most diverse genera of bacteria ubiquitously present in soil, Clostridium, has been largely overlooked in bioactive compound discovery. As Clostridium spp. thrive in extreme environments with their metabolic mechanisms adapted to the harsh conditions, they are likely to synthesize molecules with unknown structures, properties, and functions. Therefore, their potential to synthesize small molecules with biological activities should be of great interest in the search for novel antimicrobial compounds. The current study focused on investigating the antimicrobial potential of four soil Clostridium isolates, FS01, FS2.2 FS03, and FS04, using a genome-led approach, validated by culture-based methods. RESULTS Conditioned/spent media from all four Clostridium isolates showed varying levels of antimicrobial activity against indicator microorganism; all four isolates significantly inhibited the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. FS01, FS2.2, and FS04 were active against Bacillus mycoides and FS03 reduced the growth of Bacillus cereus. Phylogenetic analysis together with DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH), average nucleotide identity (ANI), and functional genome distribution (FGD) analyses confirmed that FS01, FS2.2, and FS04 belong to the species Paraclostridium bifermentans, Clostridium cadaveris, and Clostridium senegalense respectively, while FS03 may represent a novel species of the genus Clostridium. Bioinformatics analysis using antiSMASH 5.0 predicted the presence of eight biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) encoding for the synthesis of ribosomally synthesized post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) and non-ribosomal peptides (NRPs) in four genomes. All predicted BGCs showed no similarity with any known BGCs suggesting novelty of the molecules from those predicted gene clusters. In addition, the analysis of genomes for putative virulence factors revealed the presence of four putative Clostridium toxin related genes in FS01 and FS2.2 genomes. No genes associated with the main Clostridium toxins were identified in the FS03 and FS04 genomes. CONCLUSIONS The presence of BGCs encoding for uncharacterized RiPPs and NRPSs in the genomes of antagonistic Clostridium spp. isolated from farm soil indicated their potential to produce novel secondary metabolites. This study serves as a basis for the identification and characterization of potent antimicrobials from these soil Clostridium spp. and expands the current knowledge base, encouraging future research into bioactive compound production in members of the genus Clostridium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amila S N W Pahalagedara
- Food System Integrity team, Hopkirk Research Institute, AgResearch Ltd, Massey University, 4474, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, 4442, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Data Science team, Grasslands Research Centre, AgResearch Ltd, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Ruy Jauregui
- Data Science team, Grasslands Research Centre, AgResearch Ltd, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Paul Maclean
- Data Science team, Grasslands Research Centre, AgResearch Ltd, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Eric Altermann
- Food System Integrity team, Hopkirk Research Institute, AgResearch Ltd, Massey University, 4474, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, 4442, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Steve Flint
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, 4442, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Data Science team, Grasslands Research Centre, AgResearch Ltd, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Jon Palmer
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, 4442, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Data Science team, Grasslands Research Centre, AgResearch Ltd, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Gale Brightwell
- Food System Integrity team, Hopkirk Research Institute, AgResearch Ltd, Massey University, 4474, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, 4442, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- New Zealand Food Safety Science and Research Centre, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Tanushree Barua Gupta
- Food System Integrity team, Hopkirk Research Institute, AgResearch Ltd, Massey University, 4474, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, 4442, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
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20
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Liu D, Rubin GM, Dhakal D, Chen M, Ding Y. Biocatalytic synthesis of peptidic natural products and related analogues. iScience 2021; 24:102512. [PMID: 34041453 PMCID: PMC8141463 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptidic natural products (PNPs) represent a rich source of lead compounds for the discovery and development of therapeutic agents for the treatment of a variety of diseases. However, the chemical synthesis of PNPs with diverse modifications for drug research is often faced with significant challenges, including the unavailability of constituent nonproteinogenic amino acids, inefficient cyclization protocols, and poor compatibility with other functional groups. Advances in the understanding of PNP biosynthesis and biocatalysis provide a promising, sustainable alternative for the synthesis of these compounds and their analogues. Here we discuss current progress in using native and engineered biosynthetic enzymes for the production of both ribosomally and nonribosomally synthesized peptides. In addition, we highlight new in vitro and in vivo approaches for the generation and screening of PNP libraries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dake Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Garret M. Rubin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Dipesh Dhakal
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Manyun Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Yousong Ding
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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21
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Montalbán-López M, Scott TA, Ramesh S, Rahman IR, van Heel AJ, Viel JH, Bandarian V, Dittmann E, Genilloud O, Goto Y, Grande Burgos MJ, Hill C, Kim S, Koehnke J, Latham JA, Link AJ, Martínez B, Nair SK, Nicolet Y, Rebuffat S, Sahl HG, Sareen D, Schmidt EW, Schmitt L, Severinov K, Süssmuth RD, Truman AW, Wang H, Weng JK, van Wezel GP, Zhang Q, Zhong J, Piel J, Mitchell DA, Kuipers OP, van der Donk WA. New developments in RiPP discovery, enzymology and engineering. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 38:130-239. [PMID: 32935693 PMCID: PMC7864896 DOI: 10.1039/d0np00027b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 399] [Impact Index Per Article: 133.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to June 2020Ribosomally-synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) are a large group of natural products. A community-driven review in 2013 described the emerging commonalities in the biosynthesis of RiPPs and the opportunities they offered for bioengineering and genome mining. Since then, the field has seen tremendous advances in understanding of the mechanisms by which nature assembles these compounds, in engineering their biosynthetic machinery for a wide range of applications, and in the discovery of entirely new RiPP families using bioinformatic tools developed specifically for this compound class. The First International Conference on RiPPs was held in 2019, and the meeting participants assembled the current review describing new developments since 2013. The review discusses the new classes of RiPPs that have been discovered, the advances in our understanding of the installation of both primary and secondary post-translational modifications, and the mechanisms by which the enzymes recognize the leader peptides in their substrates. In addition, genome mining tools used for RiPP discovery are discussed as well as various strategies for RiPP engineering. An outlook section presents directions for future research.
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22
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Balty C, Guillot A, Fradale L, Brewee C, Lefranc B, Herrero C, Sandström C, Leprince J, Berteau O, Benjdia A. Biosynthesis of the sactipeptide Ruminococcin C by the human microbiome: Mechanistic insights into thioether bond formation by radical SAM enzymes. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:16665-16677. [PMID: 32972973 PMCID: PMC8188230 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.015371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite its major importance in human health, the metabolic potential of the human gut microbiota is still poorly understood. We have recently shown that biosynthesis of Ruminococcin C (RumC), a novel ribosomally synthesized and posttranslationally modified peptide (RiPP) produced by the commensal bacterium Ruminococcus gnavus, requires two radical SAM enzymes (RumMC1 and RumMC2) catalyzing the formation of four Cα-thioether bridges. These bridges, which are essential for RumC's antibiotic properties against human pathogens such as Clostridium perfringens, define two hairpin domains giving this sactipeptide (sulfur-to-α-carbon thioether-containing peptide) an unusual architecture among natural products. We report here the biochemical and spectroscopic characterizations of RumMC2. EPR spectroscopy and mutagenesis data support that RumMC2 is a member of the large family of SPASM domain radical SAM enzymes characterized by the presence of three [4Fe-4S] clusters. We also demonstrate that this enzyme initiates its reaction by Cα H-atom abstraction and is able to catalyze the formation of nonnatural thioether bonds in engineered peptide substrates. Unexpectedly, our data support the formation of a ketoimine rather than an α,β-dehydro-amino acid intermediate during Cα-thioether bridge LC-MS/MS fragmentation. Finally, we explored the roles of the leader peptide and of the RiPP precursor peptide recognition element, present in myriad RiPP-modifying enzymes. Collectively, our data support a more complex role for the peptide recognition element and the core peptide for the installation of posttranslational modifications in RiPPs than previously anticipated and suggest a possible reaction intermediate for thioether bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Balty
- Micalis Institute, ChemSyBio, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Alain Guillot
- Micalis Institute, ChemSyBio, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Laura Fradale
- Micalis Institute, ChemSyBio, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Clémence Brewee
- Micalis Institute, ChemSyBio, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Benjamin Lefranc
- INSERM U1239, PRIMACEN, Université de Normandie-Rouen, Rouen, France
| | | | - Corine Sandström
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jérôme Leprince
- INSERM U1239, PRIMACEN, Université de Normandie-Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Olivier Berteau
- Micalis Institute, ChemSyBio, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
| | - Alhosna Benjdia
- Micalis Institute, ChemSyBio, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
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23
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Heterologous biosynthesis as a platform for producing new generation natural products. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2020; 66:123-130. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2020.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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24
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Chen Y, Yang Y, Ji X, Zhao R, Li G, Gu Y, Shi A, Jiang W, Zhang Q. The SCIFF-Derived Ranthipeptides Participate in Quorum Sensing in Solventogenic Clostridia. Biotechnol J 2020; 15:e2000136. [PMID: 32713052 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202000136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Ranthipeptides, defined as radical non-α thioether-containing peptides, are a newly emerging class of natural products belonging to the ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide (RiPP) superfamily. Ranthipeptides are shown to be widespread in the bacterial kingdom, whereas heretofore their biological functions remain completely elusive. In this work, putative ranthipeptides are investigated from two solventogenic clostridia, Clostridium beijerinckii and Clostridium ljungdahlii, which are derived from the so-called six Cys in forty-five residues (SCIFF) family of precursor peptides. A series of analysis show that these two ranthipeptides participate in quorum sensing and controlling cellular metabolism. These results highlight the diverse biological functions of the ever-increasing family of RiPP natural products and showcase the potential to engineer industrially interesting organisms by manipulating their RiPP biosynthetic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunliang Chen
- School of Agricultural Equipment Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.,Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yunpeng Yang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, CAS, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xinjian Ji
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Ran Zhao
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Guoquan Li
- School of Agricultural Equipment Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Yang Gu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Aiping Shi
- School of Agricultural Equipment Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Weihong Jiang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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25
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Bushin LB, Covington BC, Rued BE, Federle MJ, Seyedsayamdost MR. Discovery and Biosynthesis of Streptosactin, a Sactipeptide with an Alternative Topology Encoded by Commensal Bacteria in the Human Microbiome. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:16265-16275. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c05546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leah B. Bushin
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Brett C. Covington
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Britta E. Rued
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Michael J. Federle
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Mohammad R. Seyedsayamdost
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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26
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Roblin C, Chiumento S, Bornet O, Nouailler M, Müller CS, Jeannot K, Basset C, Kieffer-Jaquinod S, Couté Y, Torelli S, Le Pape L, Schünemann V, Olleik H, De La Villeon B, Sockeel P, Di Pasquale E, Nicoletti C, Vidal N, Poljak L, Iranzo O, Giardina T, Fons M, Devillard E, Polard P, Maresca M, Perrier J, Atta M, Guerlesquin F, Lafond M, Duarte V. The unusual structure of Ruminococcin C1 antimicrobial peptide confers clinical properties. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:19168-19177. [PMID: 32719135 PMCID: PMC7431081 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2004045117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of superbugs developing resistance to antibiotics and the resurgence of microbial infections have led scientists to start an antimicrobial arms race. In this context, we have previously identified an active RiPP, the Ruminococcin C1, naturally produced by Ruminococcus gnavus E1, a symbiont of the healthy human intestinal microbiota. This RiPP, subclassified as a sactipeptide, requires the host digestive system to become active against pathogenic Clostridia and multidrug-resistant strains. Here we report its unique compact structure on the basis of four intramolecular thioether bridges with reversed stereochemistry introduced posttranslationally by a specific radical-SAM sactisynthase. This structure confers to the Ruminococcin C1 important clinical properties including stability to digestive conditions and physicochemical treatments, a higher affinity for bacteria than simulated intestinal epithelium, a valuable activity at therapeutic doses on a range of clinical pathogens, mediated by energy resources disruption, and finally safety for human gut tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarisse Roblin
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille (iSm2), 13013 Marseille, France
- ADISSEO France SAS, Centre d'Expertise et de Recherche en Nutrition, 03600 Commentry, France
| | - Steve Chiumento
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Chimie et Biologie des Métaux (CBM), CNRS UMR 5249, 38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Olivier Bornet
- NMR Platform, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, 13009 Marseille, France;
| | - Matthieu Nouailler
- Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Macromoléculaires, UMR 7255, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Christina S Müller
- Fachbereich Physik, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Katy Jeannot
- Centre National de Référence de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques, Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, 25030 Besançon, France
- UMR 6249 Chrono-Environnement, Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) Santé, Université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Christian Basset
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Chimie et Biologie des Métaux (CBM), CNRS UMR 5249, 38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Sylvie Kieffer-Jaquinod
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM, IRIG, Biologie à Grande Echelle (BGE), 38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Yohann Couté
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM, IRIG, Biologie à Grande Echelle (BGE), 38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Stéphane Torelli
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Chimie et Biologie des Métaux (CBM), CNRS UMR 5249, 38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Laurent Le Pape
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Chimie et Biologie des Métaux (CBM), CNRS UMR 5249, 38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Volker Schünemann
- Fachbereich Physik, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Hamza Olleik
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille (iSm2), 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Bruno De La Villeon
- Department of Digestive, Endocrine and Metabolic Surgery, Hôpital Laveran, Military Health Service, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Sockeel
- Department of Digestive, Endocrine and Metabolic Surgery, Hôpital Laveran, Military Health Service, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Eric Di Pasquale
- Institut de NeuroPhysioPathologie, Faculté de Médecine, Aix Marseille Université, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Cendrine Nicoletti
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille (iSm2), 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Vidal
- Yelen Analytics, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire, Aix-Marseille Université, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Leonora Poljak
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Génétique Moléculaires, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Olga Iranzo
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille (iSm2), 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Thierry Giardina
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille (iSm2), 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Michel Fons
- Laboratoire de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, UMR 7281, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Estelle Devillard
- ADISSEO France SAS, Centre d'Expertise et de Recherche en Nutrition, 03600 Commentry, France
| | - Patrice Polard
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Génétique Moléculaires, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Marc Maresca
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille (iSm2), 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Josette Perrier
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille (iSm2), 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Mohamed Atta
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Chimie et Biologie des Métaux (CBM), CNRS UMR 5249, 38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Françoise Guerlesquin
- Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Macromoléculaires, UMR 7255, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Mickael Lafond
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille (iSm2), 13013 Marseille, France;
| | - Victor Duarte
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Chimie et Biologie des Métaux (CBM), CNRS UMR 5249, 38054 Grenoble, France;
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27
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Adenosylation reactions catalyzed by the radical S-adenosylmethionine superfamily enzymes. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2020; 55:86-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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28
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Fleming SR, Himes PM, Ghodge SV, Goto Y, Suga H, Bowers AA. Exploring the Post-translational Enzymology of PaaA by mRNA Display. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:5024-5028. [PMID: 32109054 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c01576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PaaA is a RiPP enzyme that catalyzes the transformation of two glutamic acid residues within a substrate peptide into the bicyclic core of Pantocin A. Here, for the first time, we use mRNA display techniques to understand RiPP enzyme-substrate interactions to illuminate PaaA substrate recognition. Additionally, our data revealed insights into the enzymatic timing of glutamic acid modification. The technique developed is quite sensitive and a significant advancement over current RiPP studies and opens the door to enzyme modified mRNA display libraries for natural product-like inhibitor pans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven R Fleming
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Paul M Himes
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Swapnil V Ghodge
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States.,Early Discovery Biochemistry Department, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California 94114, United States
| | - Yuki Goto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.,JST, PRESTO, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Suga
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.,JST, CREST, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Albert A Bowers
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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29
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Lee H, Choi M, Park JU, Roh H, Kim S. Genome Mining Reveals High Topological Diversity of ω-Ester-Containing Peptides and Divergent Evolution of ATP-Grasp Macrocyclases. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:3013-3023. [PMID: 31961152 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b12076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
ω-Ester-containing peptides (OEPs) are a family of ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) containing intramolecular ω-ester or ω-amide bonds. Although their distinct side-to-side connections may create considerable topological diversity of multicyclic peptides, it is largely unknown how diverse ring patterns have been developed in nature. Here, using genome mining of biosynthetic enzymes of OEPs, we identified genes encoding nine new groups of putative OEPs with novel core consensus sequences, disclosing a total of ∼1500 candidate OEPs in 12 groups. Connectivity analysis revealed that OEPs from three different groups contain novel tricyclic structures, one of which has a distinct biosynthetic pathway where a single ATP-grasp enzyme produces both ω-ester and ω-amide linkages. Analysis of the enzyme cross-reactivity showed that, while enzymes are promiscuous to nonconserved regions of the core peptide, they have high specificity to the cognate core consensus sequence, suggesting that the enzyme-core pair has coevolved to create a unique ring topology within the same group and has sufficiently diversified across different groups. Collectively, our results demonstrate that the diverse ring topologies, in addition to diverse sequences, have been developed in nature with multiple ω-ester or ω-amide linkages in the OEP family of RiPPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunbin Lee
- Department of Chemistry , Seoul National University , 1 Gwanak-ro , Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826 , South Korea
| | - Mingyu Choi
- Department of Chemistry , Seoul National University , 1 Gwanak-ro , Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826 , South Korea
| | - Jung-Un Park
- Department of Chemistry , Seoul National University , 1 Gwanak-ro , Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826 , South Korea
| | - Heejin Roh
- Department of Chemistry , Seoul National University , 1 Gwanak-ro , Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826 , South Korea
| | - Seokhee Kim
- Department of Chemistry , Seoul National University , 1 Gwanak-ro , Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826 , South Korea
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30
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Chiumento S, Roblin C, Kieffer-Jaquinod S, Tachon S, Leprètre C, Basset C, Aditiyarini D, Olleik H, Nicoletti C, Bornet O, Iranzo O, Maresca M, Hardré R, Fons M, Giardina T, Devillard E, Guerlesquin F, Couté Y, Atta M, Perrier J, Lafond M, Duarte V. Ruminococcin C, a promising antibiotic produced by a human gut symbiont. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaaw9969. [PMID: 31579822 PMCID: PMC6760926 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw9969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A major public health challenge today is the resurgence of microbial infections caused by multidrug-resistant strains. Consequently, novel antimicrobial molecules are actively sought for development. In this context, the human gut microbiome is an under-explored potential trove of valuable natural molecules, such as the ribosomally-synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs). The biological activity of the sactipeptide subclass of RiPPs remains under-characterized. Here, we characterize an antimicrobial sactipeptide, Ruminococcin C1, purified from the caecal contents of rats mono-associated with Ruminococcus gnavus E1, a human symbiont. Its heterologous expression and post-translational maturation involving a specific sactisynthase establish a thioether network, which creates a double-hairpin folding. This original structure confers activity against pathogenic Clostridia and multidrug-resistant strains but no toxicity towards eukaryotic cells. Therefore, the Ruminococcin C1 should be considered as a valuable candidate for drug development and its producer strain R. gnavus E1 as a relevant probiotic for gut health enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Chiumento
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, CBM-UMR5249, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Clarisse Roblin
- Aix-Marseille Univ., CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
- ADISSEO France SAS, Centre d’Expertise et de Recherche en Nutrition, Commentry, France
| | | | - Sybille Tachon
- Aix-Marseille Univ., CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - Chloé Leprètre
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, CBM-UMR5249, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Christian Basset
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, CBM-UMR5249, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Dwi Aditiyarini
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, CBM-UMR5249, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Hamza Olleik
- Aix-Marseille Univ., CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Olga Iranzo
- Aix-Marseille Univ., CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - Marc Maresca
- Aix-Marseille Univ., CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - Renaud Hardré
- Aix-Marseille Univ., CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - Michel Fons
- Unité de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines UMR7281, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, Aix-Marseille Univ., CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Thierry Giardina
- Aix-Marseille Univ., CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - Estelle Devillard
- ADISSEO France SAS, Centre d’Expertise et de Recherche en Nutrition, Commentry, France
| | | | - Yohann Couté
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM, BGE U1038, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Mohamed Atta
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, CBM-UMR5249, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Josette Perrier
- Aix-Marseille Univ., CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - Mickael Lafond
- Aix-Marseille Univ., CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
- Corresponding author. (M.L.); (V.D.)
| | - Victor Duarte
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, CBM-UMR5249, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Corresponding author. (M.L.); (V.D.)
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31
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Balty C, Guillot A, Fradale L, Brewee C, Boulay M, Kubiak X, Benjdia A, Berteau O. Ruminococcin C, an anti-clostridial sactipeptide produced by a prominent member of the human microbiota Ruminococcus gnavus. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:14512-14525. [PMID: 31337708 PMCID: PMC6779426 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The human microbiota plays a central role in human physiology. This complex ecosystem is a promising but untapped source of bioactive compounds and antibiotics that are critical for its homeostasis. However, we still have a very limited knowledge of its metabolic and biosynthetic capabilities. Here we investigated an enigmatic biosynthetic gene cluster identified previously in the human gut symbiont Ruminococcus gnavus. This gene cluster which encodes notably for peptide precursors and putative radical SAM enzymes, has been proposed to be responsible for the biosynthesis of ruminococcin C (RumC), a ribosomally synthesized and posttranslationally modified peptide (RiPP) with potent activity against the human pathogen Clostridium perfringens. By combining in vivo and in vitro approaches, including recombinant expression and purification of the respective peptides and proteins, enzymatic assays, and LC-MS analyses, we determined that RumC is a sulfur-to–α-carbon thioether-containing peptide (sactipeptide) with an unusual architecture. Moreover, our results support that formation of the thioether bridges follows a processive order, providing mechanistic insights into how radical SAM (AdoMet) enzymes install posttranslational modifications in RiPPs. We also found that the presence of thioether bridges and removal of the leader peptide are required for RumC's antimicrobial activity. In summary, our findings provide evidence that production of the anti-Clostridium peptide RumC depends on an R. gnavus operon encoding five potential RumC precursor peptides and two radical SAM enzymes, uncover key RumC structural features, and delineate the sequence of posttranslational modifications leading to its formation and antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Balty
- Micalis Institute, ChemSyBio, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Alain Guillot
- Micalis Institute, ChemSyBio, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Laura Fradale
- Micalis Institute, ChemSyBio, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Clémence Brewee
- Micalis Institute, ChemSyBio, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Mylène Boulay
- Micalis Institute, ChemSyBio, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Xavier Kubiak
- Micalis Institute, ChemSyBio, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Alhosna Benjdia
- Micalis Institute, ChemSyBio, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Olivier Berteau
- Micalis Institute, ChemSyBio, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
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32
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Hegemann JD, Bobeica SC, Walker MC, Bothwell IR, van der Donk WA. Assessing the Flexibility of the Prochlorosin 2.8 Scaffold for Bioengineering Applications. ACS Synth Biol 2019; 8:1204-1214. [PMID: 31042373 PMCID: PMC6525029 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.9b00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cyclization is a common strategy to confer proteolytic resistance to peptide scaffolds. Thus, cyclic peptides have been the focus of extensive bioengineering efforts. Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) are a superfamily of peptidic natural products that often contain macrocycles. In the RiPP family of lanthipeptides, macrocyclization is accomplished through formation of thioether cross-links between cysteines and dehydrated serines/threonines. The recent production of lanthipeptide libraries and development of methods to display lanthipeptides on yeast or phage highlights their potential for bioengineering and synthetic biology. In this regard, the prochlorosins are especially promising as the corresponding class II lanthipeptide synthetase ProcM matures numerous precursor peptides with diverse core peptide sequences. To facilitate future bioengineering projects, one of its native substrates, ProcA2.8, was subjected in this study to in-depth mutational analysis to test the limitations of ProcM-mediated cyclization. Alanine scan mutagenesis was performed on all residues within the two rings, and multiple prolines were introduced at various positions. Moreover, mutation, deletion, and insertion of residues in the region linking the two lanthionine rings was tested. Additional residues were also introduced or deleted from either ring, and inversion of ring forming residues was attempted to generate diastereomers. The findings were used for epitope grafting of the RGD integrin binding epitope within prochlorosin 2.8, resulting in a low nanomolar affinity binder of the αvβ3 integrin that was more stable toward proteolysis and displayed higher affinity than the linear counterpart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian D. Hegemann
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Silvia C. Bobeica
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Mark C. Walker
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Ian R. Bothwell
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Wilfred A. van der Donk
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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33
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Hudson GA, Burkhart BJ, DiCaprio AJ, Schwalen CJ, Kille B, Pogorelov TV, Mitchell DA. Bioinformatic Mapping of Radical S-Adenosylmethionine-Dependent Ribosomally Synthesized and Post-Translationally Modified Peptides Identifies New Cα, Cβ, and Cγ-Linked Thioether-Containing Peptides. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:8228-8238. [PMID: 31059252 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b01519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recently developed bioinformatic tools have bolstered the discovery of ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs). Using an improved version of Rapid ORF Description and Evaluation Online (RODEO 2.0), a biosynthetic gene cluster mining algorithm, we bioinformatically mapped the sactipeptide RiPP class via the radical S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) enzymes that form the characteristic sactionine (sulfur-to-α carbon) cross-links between cysteine and acceptor residues. Hundreds of new sactipeptide biosynthetic gene clusters were uncovered, and a novel sactipeptide "huazacin" with growth-suppressive activity against Listeria monocytogenes was characterized. Bioinformatic analysis further suggested that a group of sactipeptide-like peptides heretofore referred to as six cysteines in forty-five residues (SCIFFs) might not be sactipeptides as previously thought. Indeed, the bioinformatically identified SCIFF peptide "freyrasin" was demonstrated to contain six thioethers linking the β carbons of six aspartate residues. Another SCIFF, thermocellin, was shown to contain a thioether cross-linked to the γ carbon of threonine. SCIFFs feature a different paradigm of non-α carbon thioether linkages, and they are exclusively formed by radical SAM enzymes, as opposed to the polar chemistry employed during lanthipeptide biosynthesis. Therefore, we propose the renaming of the SCIFF family as radical non-α thioether peptides (ranthipeptides) to better distinguish them from the sactipeptide and lanthipeptide RiPP classes.
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34
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Stein T. Oxygen-Limiting Growth Conditions and Deletion of the Transition State Regulator Protein Abrb in Bacillus subtilis 6633 Result in an Increase in Subtilosin Production and a Decrease in Subtilin Production. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2019; 12:725-731. [DOI: 10.1007/s12602-019-09547-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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35
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Zhang R, Li C, Wang J, Yang Y, Yan Y. Microbial production of small medicinal molecules and biologics: From nature to synthetic pathways. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:2219-2231. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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36
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Hudson GA, Mitchell DA. RiPP antibiotics: biosynthesis and engineering potential. Curr Opin Microbiol 2018; 45:61-69. [PMID: 29533845 PMCID: PMC6131089 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The threat of antibiotic resistant bacterial infections continues to underscore the need for new treatment options. Historically, small molecule metabolites from microbes have provided a rich source of antibiotic compounds, and as a result, significant effort has been invested in engineering the responsible biosynthetic pathways to generate novel analogs with attractive pharmacological properties. Unfortunately, biosynthetic stringency has limited the capacity of non-ribosomal peptide synthetases and polyketide synthases from producing substantially different analogs in large numbers. Another class of natural products, the ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs), have rapidly expanded in recent years with many natively displaying potent antibiotic activity. RiPP biosynthetic pathways are modular and intrinsically tolerant to alternative substrates. Several prominent RiPPs with antibiotic activity will be covered in this review with a focus on their biosynthetic plasticity. While only a few RiPP enzymes have been thoroughly investigated mechanistically, this knowledge has already been harnessed to generate new-to-nature compounds. Through the use of synthetic biology approaches, on-going efforts in RiPP engineering hold great promise in unlocking the potential of this natural product class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham A Hudson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, 600 S Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Douglas A Mitchell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, 600 S Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, United States; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, 600 S Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, United States; Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois, 600 S Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, United States.
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37
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Zhang Y, Chen M, Bruner SD, Ding Y. Heterologous Production of Microbial Ribosomally Synthesized and Post-translationally Modified Peptides. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1801. [PMID: 30135682 PMCID: PMC6092494 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides, or RiPPs, which have mainly isolated from microbes as well as plants and animals, are an ever-expanding group of peptidic natural products with diverse chemical structures and biological activities. They have emerged as a major category of secondary metabolites partly due to a myriad of microbial genome sequencing endeavors and the availability of genome mining software in the past two decades. Heterologous expression of RiPP gene clusters mined from microbial genomes, which are often silent in native producers, in surrogate hosts such as Escherichia coli and Streptomyces strains can be an effective way to elucidate encoded peptides and produce novel derivatives. Emerging strategies have been developed to facilitate the success of the heterologous expression by targeting multiple synthetic biology levels, including individual proteins, pathways, metabolic flux and hosts. This review describes recent advances in heterologous production of RiPPs, mainly from microbes, with a focus on E. coli and Streptomyces strains as the surrogate hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Manyun Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Steven D Bruner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Yousong Ding
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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38
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Mesa-Pereira B, Rea MC, Cotter PD, Hill C, Ross RP. Heterologous Expression of Biopreservative Bacteriocins With a View to Low Cost Production. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1654. [PMID: 30093889 PMCID: PMC6070625 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteriocins, a heterogenous group of antibacterial ribosomally synthesized peptides, have potential as bio-preservatives in in a wide range of foods and as future therapeutics for the inhibition of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. While many bacteriocins have been characterized, several factors limit their production in large quantities, a requirement to make them commercially viable for food or pharma applications. The identification of new bacteriocins by database mining has been promising, but their potential is difficult to evaluate in the absence of suitable expression systems. E. coli has been used as a heterologous host to produce recombinant proteins for decades and has an extensive set of expression vectors and strains available. Here, we review the different expression systems for bacteriocin production using this host and identify the most important features to guarantee successful production of a range of bacteriocins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Mesa-Pereira
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Teagasc Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland.,APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Mary C Rea
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Teagasc Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland.,APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Paul D Cotter
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Teagasc Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland.,APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Colin Hill
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - R Paul Ross
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Teagasc Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland.,APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,College of Science Engineering and Food Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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39
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Ikryannikova LN, Malakhova MV, Lominadze GG, Karpova IY, Kostryukova ES, Mayansky NA, Kruglov AN, Klimova EA, Lisitsina ES, Ilina EN, Govorun VM. Inhibitory effect of streptococci on the growth of M. catarrhalis strains and the diversity of putative bacteriocin-like gene loci in the genomes of S. pneumoniae and its relatives. AMB Express 2017; 7:218. [PMID: 29236192 PMCID: PMC5729180 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-017-0521-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
S. pneumoniae is a facultative human pathogen causing a wide range of infections including the life-threatening pneumoniae or meningitis. It colonizes nasopharynx as well as its closest phylogenetic relatives S. pseudopneumoniae and S. mitis. Both the latter, despite the considerable morphological and phenotypic similarity with the pneumococcus, are considerably less pathogenic for humans and cause infections mainly in the immunocompromized hosts. In this work, we compared the inhibitory effect of S. pneumoniae and its relatives on the growth of Moraxella catarrhalis strains using the culture-based antagonistic test. We observed that the inhibitory effect of S. mitis strains is kept when a hydrogen peroxide produced by cells is inactivated by catalase, and even when the live cells are killed in chloroform vapors, in contrast to the pneumococcus whose inhibiting ability disappeared when the cells die. It was suggested that this effect may be due to the production of bacterial antimicrobial peptides by S. mitis, so we examined the genomes of our strains for the presence of bacteriocin-like peptides encoding genes. We observed that a set of bacteriocin-like genes in the genome of S. mitis is greatly poorer in comparison with S. pneumoniae one; moreover, in one S. mitis strain we found no bacteriocin-like genes. It could mean that there are probably some additional opportunities of S. mitis to inhibit the growth of competing neighbors which are still have to be discovered.
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40
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Benjdia A, Balty C, Berteau O. Radical SAM Enzymes in the Biosynthesis of Ribosomally Synthesized and Post-translationally Modified Peptides (RiPPs). Front Chem 2017; 5:87. [PMID: 29167789 PMCID: PMC5682303 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2017.00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribosomally-synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) are a large and diverse family of natural products. They possess interesting biological properties such as antibiotic or anticancer activities, making them attractive for therapeutic applications. In contrast to polyketides and non-ribosomal peptides, RiPPs derive from ribosomal peptides and are post-translationally modified by diverse enzyme families. Among them, the emerging superfamily of radical SAM enzymes has been shown to play a major role. These enzymes catalyze the formation of a wide range of post-translational modifications some of them having no counterparts in living systems or synthetic chemistry. The investigation of radical SAM enzymes has not only illuminated unprecedented strategies used by living systems to tailor peptides into complex natural products but has also allowed to uncover novel RiPP families. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on radical SAM enzymes catalyzing RiPP post-translational modifications and discuss their mechanisms and growing importance notably in the context of the human microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alhosna Benjdia
- Micalis Institute, ChemSyBio, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Clémence Balty
- Micalis Institute, ChemSyBio, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Olivier Berteau
- Micalis Institute, ChemSyBio, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
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41
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Bartholomae M, Buivydas A, Viel JH, Montalbán-López M, Kuipers OP. Major gene-regulatory mechanisms operating in ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide (RiPP) biosynthesis. Mol Microbiol 2017; 106:186-206. [DOI: 10.1111/mmi.13764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maike Bartholomae
- Department of Molecular Genetics; University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7; 9747AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Andrius Buivydas
- Department of Molecular Genetics; University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7; 9747AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Jakob H. Viel
- Department of Molecular Genetics; University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7; 9747AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Manuel Montalbán-López
- Department of Microbiology; University of Granada, C. Fuentenueva s/n; 18071 Granada Spain
| | - Oscar P. Kuipers
- Department of Molecular Genetics; University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7; 9747AG Groningen The Netherlands
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42
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Grove TL, Himes PM, Hwang S, Yumerefendi H, Bonanno JB, Kuhlman B, Almo SC, Bowers AA. Structural Insights into Thioether Bond Formation in the Biosynthesis of Sactipeptides. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:11734-11744. [PMID: 28704043 PMCID: PMC6443407 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b01283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Sactipeptides are ribosomally synthesized peptides that contain a characteristic thioether bridge (sactionine bond) that is installed posttranslationally and is absolutely required for their antibiotic activity. Sactipeptide biosynthesis requires a unique family of radical SAM enzymes, which contain multiple [4Fe-4S] clusters, to form the requisite thioether bridge between a cysteine and the α-carbon of an opposing amino acid through radical-based chemistry. Here we present the structure of the sactionine bond-forming enzyme CteB, from Clostridium thermocellum ATCC 27405, with both SAM and an N-terminal fragment of its peptidyl-substrate at 2.04 Å resolution. CteB has the (β/α)6-TIM barrel fold that is characteristic of radical SAM enzymes, as well as a C-terminal SPASM domain that contains two auxiliary [4Fe-4S] clusters. Importantly, one [4Fe-4S] cluster in the SPASM domain exhibits an open coordination site in absence of peptide substrate, which is coordinated by a peptidyl-cysteine residue in the bound state. The crystal structure of CteB also reveals an accessory N-terminal domain that has high structural similarity to a recently discovered motif present in several enzymes that act on ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs), known as a RiPP precursor peptide recognition element (RRE). This crystal structure is the first of a sactionine bond forming enzyme and sheds light on structures and mechanisms of other members of this class such as AlbA or ThnB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler L. Grove
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
| | - Paul M. Himes
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sungwon Hwang
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Hayretin Yumerefendi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jeffrey B. Bonanno
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
| | - Brian Kuhlman
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Steven C. Almo
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
| | - Albert A Bowers
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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43
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Burkhart B, Kakkar N, Hudson GA, van der Donk WA, Mitchell DA. Chimeric Leader Peptides for the Generation of Non-Natural Hybrid RiPP Products. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2017; 3:629-638. [PMID: 28691075 PMCID: PMC5492250 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.7b00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Combining biosynthetic enzymes from multiple pathways is an attractive approach for producing molecules with desired structural features; however, progress has been hampered by the incompatibility of enzymes from unrelated pathways and intolerance toward alternative substrates. Ribosomally synthesized and posttranslationally modified peptides (RiPPs) are a diverse natural product class that employs a biosynthetic logic that is highly amenable to engineering new compounds. RiPP biosynthetic proteins modify their substrates by binding to a motif typically located in the N-terminal leader region of the precursor peptide. Here, we exploit this feature by designing leader peptides that enable recognition and processing by multiple enzymes from unrelated RiPP pathways. Using this broadly applicable strategy, a thiazoline-forming cyclodehydratase was combined with enzymes from the sactipeptide and lanthipeptide families to create new-to-nature hybrid RiPPs. We also provide insight into design features that enable control over the hybrid biosynthesis to optimize enzyme compatibility and establish a general platform for engineering additional hybrid RiPPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon
J. Burkhart
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at
Urbana−Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United
States
- Carl
R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 1206 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Nidhi Kakkar
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at
Urbana−Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United
States
| | - Graham A. Hudson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at
Urbana−Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United
States
| | - Wilfred A. van der Donk
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at
Urbana−Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United
States
- Carl
R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 1206 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- (W.A.V.) Phone: 1-217-244-5360. Fax: 1-217-244 8533. E-mail:
| | - Douglas A. Mitchell
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at
Urbana−Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United
States
- Carl
R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 1206 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- (D.A.M.) Phone: 1-217-333-1345. Fax: 1-217-333-0508. E-mail:
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