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Lv X, Zhou P, Qiao X, Li Y, Yang X, Wang J, He X, Su R. Designing Chromane Derivatives as α 2A-Adrenoceptor Selective Agonists via Conformation Constraint. J Med Chem 2024; 67:11435-11449. [PMID: 38889119 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Enhancing the selectivity of alpha2-adrenoceptor (α2A-AR) agonists remains an unresolved issue. Herein, we reported the design of an α2A-AR agonist using the conformation constraint method, beginning with medetomidine. The structure-activity relationship indicated that the 8-substituent of chromane derivatives exerted the most pronounced effect on α2A-AR agonistic activity. Compounds A9 and B9 were identified as the most promising, exhibiting EC50 values of 0.78 and 0.23 nM, respectively. Their selectivity indexes surpassed dexmedetomidine (DMED) by 10-80 fold. In vivo studies demonstrated that both A9 and B9 dose-dependently increased the loss of righting reflex in mice, with ED50 values of 1.54 and 0.138 mg/kg, respectively. Binding mode calculations and mutation studies suggested the indispensability of the hydrogen bond between ASP1283.32 and α2A-AR agonist. In particular, A9 and B9 showed no dual reverse pharmacological effect, a characteristic exhibited by DMED in α2A-AR activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xucheng Lv
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Peilan Zhou
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xuehong Qiao
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yulei Li
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xingxing Yang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xinhua He
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Ruibin Su
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China
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McKinstry-Wu AR, Wasilczuk AZ, Dailey WP, Eckenhoff RG, Kelz MB. In Vivo Photoadduction of Anesthetic Ligands in Mouse Brain Markedly Extends Sedation and Hypnosis. J Neurosci 2023; 43:2338-2348. [PMID: 36849414 PMCID: PMC10072292 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1884-22.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Photoaffinity ligands are best known as tools used to identify the specific binding sites of drugs to their molecular targets. However, photoaffinity ligands have the potential to further define critical neuroanatomic targets of drug action. In the brains of WT male mice, we demonstrate the feasibility of using photoaffinity ligands in vivo to prolong anesthesia via targeted yet spatially restricted photoadduction of azi-m-propofol (aziPm), a photoreactive analog of the general anesthetic propofol. Systemic administration of aziPm with bilateral near-ultraviolet photoadduction in the rostral pons, at the border of the parabrachial nucleus and locus coeruleus, produced a 20-fold increase in the duration of sedative and hypnotic effects compared with control mice without UV illumination. Photoadduction that missed the parabrachial-coerulean complex also failed to extend the sedative or hypnotic actions of aziPm and was indistinguishable from nonadducted controls. Paralleling the prolonged behavioral and EEG consequences of on target in vivo photoadduction, we conducted electrophysiologic recordings in rostral pontine brain slices. Using neurons within the locus coeruleus to further highlight the cellular consequences of irreversible aziPm binding, we demonstrate transient slowing of spontaneous action potentials with a brief bath application of aziPm that becomes irreversible on photoadduction. Together, these findings suggest that photochemistry-based strategies are a viable new approach for probing CNS physiology and pathophysiology.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Photoaffinity ligands are drugs capable of light-induced irreversible binding, which have unexploited potential to identify the neuroanatomic sites of drug action. We systemically administer a centrally acting anesthetic photoaffinity ligand in mice, conduct localized photoillumination within the brain to covalently adduct the drug at its in vivo sites of action, and successfully enrich irreversible drug binding within a restricted 250 µm radius. When photoadduction encompassed the pontine parabrachial-coerulean complex, anesthetic sedation and hypnosis was prolonged 20-fold, thus illustrating the power of in vivo photochemistry to help unravel neuronal mechanisms of drug action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R McKinstry-Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Philadelphia 19104
- Neuroscience of Unconsciousness and Reanimation Research Alliance, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Philadelphia 19104
| | - Andrzej Z Wasilczuk
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Philadelphia 19104
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Philadelphia 19104
- Neuroscience of Unconsciousness and Reanimation Research Alliance, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Philadelphia 19104
| | - William P Dailey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania School of Arts and Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Roderic G Eckenhoff
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Philadelphia 19104
| | - Max B Kelz
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Philadelphia 19104
- Mahoney Institute for Neurosciences, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Philadelphia 19104
- Neuroscience of Unconsciousness and Reanimation Research Alliance, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Philadelphia 19104
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Császár N, Scholkmann F, Bókkon I. Implications on hypnotherapy: Neuroplasticity, epigenetics and pain. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 131:755-764. [PMID: 34619172 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We provide a brief review about the significance of hypnosis with respect to applications and physiological processes in hypnotherapy. Our review concludes that hypnosis is a promising method to manage acute and chronic pain. In addition, we discuss indications pointing toward the view that hypnosis can induce changes in neuroplasticity possibly involving epigenetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Császár
- National University of Public Services, Budapest, Hungary; Psychosomatic Outpatient Clinics, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - F Scholkmann
- Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - I Bókkon
- Psychosomatic Outpatient Clinics, Budapest, Hungary; Vision Research Institute, Neuroscience and Consciousness Research Department, Lowell, MA, USA.
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Joseph TT, Bu W, Lin W, Zoubak L, Yeliseev A, Liu R, Eckenhoff RG, Brannigan G. Ketamine Metabolite (2 R,6 R)-Hydroxynorketamine Interacts with μ and κ Opioid Receptors. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:1487-1497. [PMID: 33905229 PMCID: PMC8154314 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
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Ketamine is an anesthetic,
analgesic, and antidepressant whose
secondary metabolite (2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine
(HNK) has N-methyl-d-aspartate-receptor-independent
antidepressant activity in a rodent model. In humans, naltrexone attenuates
its antidepressant effect, consistent with opioid pathway involvement.
No detailed biophysical description is available of opioid receptor
binding of ketamine or its metabolites. Using molecular dynamics simulations
with free energy perturbation, we characterize the binding site and
affinities of ketamine and metabolites in μ and κ opioid
receptors, finding a profound effect of the protonation state. G-protein
recruitment assays show that HNK is an inverse agonist, attenuated
by naltrexone, in these receptors with IC50 values congruous
with our simulations. Overall, our findings are consistent with opioid
pathway involvement in ketamine function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas T. Joseph
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Weiming Bu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Wenzhen Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Lioudmila Zoubak
- National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Alexei Yeliseev
- National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Renyu Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Roderic G. Eckenhoff
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Grace Brannigan
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology and Department of Physics, Rutgers University, Camden, New Jersey 08102, United States
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Schultz KJ, Colby SM, Lin VS, Wright AT, Renslow RS. Ligand- and Structure-Based Analysis of Deep Learning-Generated Potential α2a Adrenoceptor Agonists. J Chem Inf Model 2021; 61:481-492. [PMID: 33404240 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.0c01019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The α2a adrenoceptor is a medically relevant subtype of the G protein-coupled receptor family. Unfortunately, high-throughput techniques aimed at producing novel drug leads for this receptor have been largely unsuccessful because of the complex pharmacology of adrenergic receptors. As such, cutting-edge in silico ligand- and structure-based assessment and de novo deep learning methods are well positioned to provide new insights into protein-ligand interactions and potential active compounds. In this work, we (i) collect a dataset of α2a adrenoceptor agonists and provide it as a resource for the drug design community; (ii) use the dataset as a basis to generate candidate-active structures via deep learning; and (iii) apply computational ligand- and structure-based analysis techniques to gain new insights into α2a adrenoceptor agonists and assess the quality of the computer-generated compounds. We further describe how such assessment techniques can be applied to putative chemical probes with a case study involving proposed medetomidine-based probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine J Schultz
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Sean M Colby
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Vivian S Lin
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Aaron T Wright
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States.,The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99163, United States
| | - Ryan S Renslow
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States.,The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99163, United States
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Resistance to state transitions in responsiveness is differentially modulated by different volatile anaesthetics in male mice. Br J Anaesth 2020; 125:308-320. [PMID: 32660718 DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2020.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies point to a fundamental distinction between population-based and individual-based anaesthetic pharmacology. At the population level, anaesthetic potency is defined as the relationship between drug concentration and the likelihood of response to a stimulus. At the individual level, even when the anaesthetic concentration is held constant, fluctuations between the responsive and unresponsive states are observed. Notably, these spontaneous fluctuations exhibit resistance to state transitions Rst. Therefore, the response probability in each individual depends not just upon the drug concentration, but also upon responses to previous stimuli. Here, we hypothesise that Rst is distinct from drug potency and is differentially modulated by different anaesthetics. METHODS Adult (14-24 weeks old) C57BL/6J male mice (n=60) were subjected to repeated righting reflex (RR) assays at equipotent steady-state concentrations of isoflurane (0.6 vol%), sevoflurane (1.0 vol%), and halothane (0.4 vol%). RESULTS Fluctuations in RR were observed for all tested anaesthetics. Analysis of these fluctuations revealed that Rst was differentially modulated by different anaesthetics (F[2, 56.01]=49.59; P<0.0001). Fluctuations in RR were modelled using a stochastic dynamical system. This analysis confirmed that the amount of noise that drives behavioural state transitions depends on the anaesthetic agent (F[2, 42.86]=16.72; P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Whilst equipotent doses of distinct anaesthetics produce comparable population response probabilities, they engage dramatically different dynamics in each individual animal. This manifests as a differential aggregate propensity to exhibit state transitions. Thus, resistance to state transitions is a fundamentally distinct, novel measure of individualised anaesthetic pharmacology.
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