1
|
Pregowska A, Roszkiewicz A, Osial M, Giersig M. How scanning probe microscopy can be supported by artificial intelligence and quantum computing? Microsc Res Tech 2024; 87:2515-2539. [PMID: 38864463 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is rapidly expanding, revolutionizing both science and society. It is applied to practically all areas of life, science, and technology, including materials science, which continuously requires novel tools for effective materials characterization. One of the widely used techniques is scanning probe microscopy (SPM). SPM has fundamentally changed materials engineering, biology, and chemistry by providing tools for atomic-precision surface mapping. Despite its many advantages, it also has some drawbacks, such as long scanning times or the possibility of damaging soft-surface materials. In this paper, we focus on the potential for supporting SPM-based measurements, with an emphasis on the application of AI-based algorithms, especially Machine Learning-based algorithms, as well as quantum computing (QC). It has been found that AI can be helpful in automating experimental processes in routine operations, algorithmically searching for optimal sample regions, and elucidating structure-property relationships. Thus, it contributes to increasing the efficiency and accuracy of optical nanoscopy scanning probes. Moreover, the combination of AI-based algorithms and QC may have enormous potential to enhance the practical application of SPM. The limitations of the AI-QC-based approach were also discussed. Finally, we outline a research path for improving AI-QC-powered SPM. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Artificial intelligence and quantum computing as support for scanning probe microscopy. The analysis indicates a research gap in the field of scanning probe microscopy. The research aims to shed light into ai-qc-powered scanning probe microscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Pregowska
- Department of Information and Computational Science, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Roszkiewicz
- Department of Information and Computational Science, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Osial
- Department of Information and Computational Science, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michael Giersig
- Department of Information and Computational Science, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tumminello PR, Niles R, Valdez V, Madawala CK, Gamage DK, Kimble KA, Leibensperger RJ, Huang C, Kaluarachchi C, Dinasquet J, Malfatti F, Lee C, Deane GB, Stokes MD, Stone E, Tivanski A, Prather KA, Boor BE, Slade JH. Size-Dependent Nascent Sea Spray Aerosol Bounce Fractions and Estimated Viscosity: The Role of Divalent Cation Enrichment, Surface Tension, and the Kelvin Effect. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 39440882 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c04312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2024]
Abstract
Viscosity, or the "thickness," of aerosols plays a key role in atmospheric processes like ice formation, water absorption, and heterogeneous kinetics. However, the viscosity of sea spray aerosols (SSA) has not been widely studied. This research explored the relationship between particle size and viscosity of authentic SSA particles through particle bounce, atomic force microscopy analysis, and predictive viscosity modeling from molecular composition. The study found that 40 nm SSA particles had estimated viscosities around 104 Pa·s and bounce fractions three times higher than 100 and 200 nm particles with less than 102 Pa·s at a relative humidity (RH) of 60%. Additional studies revealed the Kelvin effect and particle density, influenced by particle size, have a greater impact on size-dependent bounce fractions than changes in RH across impactor stages. While changes in the level of surfactants can impact particle bounce, the increased viscosity in smaller SSA is attributed to the formation of gel-like phase states caused by cation-organic cross-links between divalent calcium ions and organic anions enriched in the smaller particles. This work shows the smallest gel-like SSA particles observed in the field are highly viscous, which has implications for cloud formation, secondary aerosol growth, and pollutant transport in coastal environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul R Tumminello
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Renee Niles
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Vanessa Valdez
- Department of Chemistry, California State University, Fullerton, California 92831, United States
| | - Chamika K Madawala
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52422, United States
| | - Dilini K Gamage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52422, United States
| | - Ke'La A Kimble
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Raymond J Leibensperger
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Deigo, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - Chunxu Huang
- Lyles School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | | | - Julie Dinasquet
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Deigo, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - Francesca Malfatti
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Deigo, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92093, United States
- Department of Life Sciences, Universita' degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Christopher Lee
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Deigo, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - Grant B Deane
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Deigo, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - M Dale Stokes
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Deigo, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - Elizabeth Stone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52422, United States
| | - Alexei Tivanski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52422, United States
| | - Kimberly A Prather
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Deigo, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - Brandon E Boor
- Lyles School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Jonathan H Slade
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
El Haber M, Gérard V, Kleinheins J, Ferronato C, Nozière B. Measuring the Surface Tension of Atmospheric Particles and Relevant Mixtures to Better Understand Key Atmospheric Processes. Chem Rev 2024; 124:10924-10963. [PMID: 39177157 PMCID: PMC11467905 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Aerosol and aqueous particles are ubiquitous in Earth's atmosphere and play key roles in geochemical processes such as natural chemical cycles, cloud and fog formation, air pollution, visibility, climate forcing, etc. The surface tension of atmospheric particles can affect their size distribution, condensational growth, evaporation, and exchange of chemicals with the atmosphere, which, in turn, are important in the above-mentioned geochemical processes. However, because measuring this quantity is challenging, its role in atmospheric processes was dismissed for decades. Over the last 15 years, this field of research has seen some tremendous developments and is rapidly evolving. This review presents the state-of-the-art of this subject focusing on the experimental approaches. It also presents a unique inventory of experimental adsorption isotherms for over 130 mixtures of organic compounds in water of relevance for model development and validation. Potential future areas of research seeking to better determine the surface tension of atmospheric particles, better constrain laboratory investigations, or better understand the role of surface tension in various atmospheric processes, are discussed. We hope that this review appeals not only to atmospheric scientists but also to researchers from other fields, who could help identify new approaches and solutions to the current challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuella El Haber
- Institut
de Recherches sur l’Environnement et la Catalyse de Lyon (IRCELYON),
CNRS and Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne 69626, France
| | - Violaine Gérard
- Institut
de Recherches sur l’Environnement et la Catalyse de Lyon (IRCELYON),
CNRS and Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne 69626, France
| | - Judith Kleinheins
- Institute
for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Corinne Ferronato
- Institut
de Recherches sur l’Environnement et la Catalyse de Lyon (IRCELYON),
CNRS and Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne 69626, France
| | - Barbara Nozière
- Department
of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 114 28, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Madawala C, Molina C, Kim D, Gamage DK, Sun M, Leibensperger RJ, Mehndiratta L, Lee J, Kaluarachchi CP, Kimble KA, Sandstrom G, Harb C, Dinasquet J, Malfatti F, Prather KA, Deane GB, Stokes MD, Lee C, Slade JH, Stone EA, Grassian VH, Tivanski AV. Effects of Wind Speed on Size-Dependent Morphology and Composition of Sea Spray Aerosols. ACS EARTH & SPACE CHEMISTRY 2024; 8:1609-1622. [PMID: 39166261 PMCID: PMC11331522 DOI: 10.1021/acsearthspacechem.4c00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Variable wind speeds over the ocean can have a significant impact on the formation mechanism and physical-chemical properties of sea spray aerosols (SSA), which in turn influence their climate-relevant impacts. Herein, for the first time, we investigate the effects of wind speed on size-dependent morphology and composition of individual nascent SSA generated from wind-wave interactions of natural seawater within a wind-wave channel as a function of size and their particle-to-particle variability. Filter-based thermal optical analysis, atomic force microscopy (AFM), AFM infrared spectroscopy (AFM-IR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed in this regard. This study focuses on SSA with sizes within 0.04-1.8 μm generated at two wind speeds: 10 m/s, representing a wind lull scenario over the ocean, and 19 m/s, indicative of the wind speeds encountered in stormy conditions. Filter-based measurements revealed a reduction of the organic mass fraction as the wind speed increases. AFM imaging at 20% relative humidity of individual SSA identified six main morphologies: prism-like, rounded, core-shell, rod, rod inclusion core-shell, and aggregates. At 10 m/s, most SSA were rounded, while at 19 m/s, core-shells became predominant. Based on AFM-IR, rounded SSA at both wind speeds had similar composition, mainly composed of aliphatic and oxygenated species, whereas the shells of core-shells displayed more oxygenated organics at 19 m/s and more aliphatic organics at 10 m/s. Collectively, our observations can be attributed to the disruption of the sea surface microlayer film structure at higher wind speeds. The findings reveal a significant impact of wind speed on morphology and composition of SSA, which should be accounted for accurate assessment of their climate effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chamika
K. Madawala
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Carolina Molina
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Deborah Kim
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | | | - Mengnan Sun
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Raymond J. Leibensperger
- Scripps
Institution of Oceanography, University
of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Lincoln Mehndiratta
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Jennie Lee
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | | | - Ke’La A. Kimble
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Greg Sandstrom
- Scripps
Institution of Oceanography, University
of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Charbel Harb
- Scripps
Institution of Oceanography, University
of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Julie Dinasquet
- Scripps
Institution of Oceanography, University
of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Francesca Malfatti
- Scripps
Institution of Oceanography, University
of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Department
of Life Science, Universita’ degli
Studi di Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Kimberly A. Prather
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Scripps
Institution of Oceanography, University
of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Grant B. Deane
- Scripps
Institution of Oceanography, University
of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - M. Dale Stokes
- Scripps
Institution of Oceanography, University
of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Christopher Lee
- Scripps
Institution of Oceanography, University
of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Jonathan H. Slade
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Elizabeth A. Stone
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Vicki H. Grassian
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Alexei V. Tivanski
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jose C, Singh A, Kalkura KN, Jose GV, Srivastava S, Ammini RK, Yadav S, Ravikrishna R, Andreae MO, Martin ST, Liu P, Gunthe SS. Complex Hygroscopic Behavior of Ambient Aerosol Particles Revealed by a Piezoelectric Technique. ACS EARTH & SPACE CHEMISTRY 2024; 8:983-991. [PMID: 38774361 PMCID: PMC11103707 DOI: 10.1021/acsearthspacechem.3c00347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the complex interactions between atmospheric aerosols and water vapor in subsaturated regions of the atmosphere is crucial for modeling and predicting aerosol-cloud-radiation-climate interactions. However, the microphysical mechanisms of these interactions for ambient aerosols remain poorly understood. For this study, size-resolved samples were collected from a high-altitude, relatively clean site situated in the Western Ghats of India during the monsoon season, in order to study background and preindustrial processes as a baseline for climate functioning within the context of the most polluted region of the world. Measurements of humidity-dependent mass-based growth factors, hygroscopicity, deliquescence behavior, and aerosol liquid water content (ALWC) were made by a novel approach using a quartz crystal microbalance based on a piezo-electric sensor. The climate-relevant fine-mode aerosols (≤2.5 μm) exhibited strong size-dependent variations in their interactions with water vapor and contributed a high fraction of ALWC. Deliquescence occurred for relatively large aerosols (diameter >180 nm) but was absent for smaller aerosols. The deliquescence relative humidity for ambient aerosols was significantly lower than that of pure inorganic salts, suggesting a strong influence of organic species. Our study establishes an improved approach for accurately measuring aerosol water uptake characteristics of ambient aerosols in the subsaturated regime, aiding in the assessment of radiative forcing effects and improving climate models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christi Jose
- Environemntal
Engineering Division, Dept of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
- Centre
for Atmospheric and Climate Sciences, Indian
Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Aishwarya Singh
- Environemntal
Engineering Division, Dept of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
- Centre
for Atmospheric and Climate Sciences, Indian
Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Kavyashree N. Kalkura
- Environemntal
Engineering Division, Dept of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
- Centre
for Atmospheric and Climate Sciences, Indian
Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - George V. Jose
- Dept
of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of
Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Shailina Srivastava
- Environemntal
Engineering Division, Dept of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
- Centre
for Atmospheric and Climate Sciences, Indian
Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | | | - Shweta Yadav
- Dept
of Environmental Sciences, Central University
of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, Samba 181143, India
| | - Raghunathan Ravikrishna
- Centre
for Atmospheric and Climate Sciences, Indian
Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
- Dept of Chemical
Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology
Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Meinrat O. Andreae
- Max
Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Scripps
Institution of Oceanography, University
of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Department
of Geology and Geophysics, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Scot T. Martin
- Department
of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard
University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- John
A. Paulson School of Engineering & Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Pengfei Liu
- School
of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Sachin S. Gunthe
- Environemntal
Engineering Division, Dept of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
- Centre
for Atmospheric and Climate Sciences, Indian
Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Madawala C, Lee HD, Kaluarachchi CP, Tivanski AV. Quantifying the Viscosity of Individual Submicrometer Semisolid Particles Using Atomic Force Microscopy. Anal Chem 2023; 95:14566-14572. [PMID: 37740726 PMCID: PMC10551855 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric aerosols' viscosities can vary significantly depending on their composition, mixing states, relative humidity (RH) and temperature. The diffusion time scale of atmospheric gases into an aerosol is largely governed by its viscosity, which in turn influences heterogeneous chemistry and climate-relevant aerosol effects. Quantifying the viscosity of aerosols in the semisolid phase state is particularly important as they are prevalent in the atmosphere and have a wide range of viscosities. Currently, direct viscosity measurements of submicrometer individual atmospheric aerosols are limited, largely due to the inherent size limitations of existing experimental techniques. Herein, we present a method that utilizes atomic force microscopy (AFM) to directly quantify the viscosity of substrate-deposited individual submicrometer semisolid aerosol particles as a function of RH. The method is based on AFM force spectroscopy measurements coupled with the Kelvin-Voigt viscoelastic model. Using glucose, sucrose, and raffinose as model systems, we demonstrate the accuracy of the AFM method within the viscosity range of ∼104-107 Pa s. The method is applicable to individual particles with sizes ranging from tens of nanometers to several micrometers. Furthermore, the method does not require prior knowledge on the composition of studied particles. We anticipate future measurements utilizing the AFM method on atmospheric aerosols at various RH to aid in our understanding of the range of aerosols' viscosities, the extent of particle-to-particle viscosity variability, and how these contribute to the particle diversity observable in the atmosphere.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chamika
K. Madawala
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Hansol D. Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | | | - Alexei V. Tivanski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ying Z, Zhang Z, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Zhang W, Huang Q, Shen Y, Fang H, Hou H, Yan L. Unexpected hygroscopic behaviors of individual sub-50 nm NaNO 3 nanoparticles observed by in situ atomic force microscopy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 852:158441. [PMID: 36067856 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hygroscopicity is one of the most important physicochemical properties of salt nanoparticles, greatly influencing the environment, climate and human health. However, the hygroscopic properties of salt nanoparticles are poorly understood owing to the great challenges of the preparation, preservation and in situ characterization. Here we show the unexpected shape- and size-dependent hygroscopic behaviors of NaNO3 nanoparticles prepared from molten salts using in situ environment-controlled atomic force microscopy. During the humidifying process, the angular and round sub-50 nm NaNO3 particles display anisotropic and isotropic water adsorption behaviors, respectively. The sub-10 nm NaNO3 nanoparticles abnormally shrink and disappear. The growth factors of the NaNO3 nanoparticles are highly sensitive to their sizes and shapes, and quite different from those of NaNO3 microparticles. These findings show that the hygroscopic behaviors of salt nanoparticles may not be comprehensively described by the traditional growth factors, and open up a new pathway to study the hygroscopic behaviors of salt nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhemian Ying
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zejun Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuying Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Qing Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Yue Shen
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China
| | - Haiping Fang
- School of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Huiqi Hou
- Institute of Environmental Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Long Yan
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ren X, Hu K, Qin L, Wu D, Guo Z, Wang S, Hu Y. Development of ZnO nanoflowers-assisted DNAzyme-based electrochemical platform for invertase and glucose oxidase-dominated biosensing. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1232:340438. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|