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Han JS, Kim ES, Cho YB, Kim SY, Lee MK, Hwang BY, Lee JW. Cytotoxic Peptaibols from Trichoderma guizhouense, a Fungus Isolated from an Urban Soil Sample. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2024; 87:1994-2003. [PMID: 39102454 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c00438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Soil sustains human life by nourishing crops, storing food sources, and housing microbes, which may affect the nutrition and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, some of which are used as drugs. To identify lead compounds for a new class of drugs, we collected soil-derived fungal strains from various environments, including urban areas. As various human pathogens are assumed to influence the biosynthetic pathways of metabolites in soil fungi, leading to the production of novel scaffolds, we focused our work on densely populated urban areas and tourist attractions. A soil-derived fungal extract library was screened against MDA-MB-231 cells to derive their cytotoxic activity. Notably, 10 μg/mL of the extract of Trichoderma guizhouense (DS9-1) was found to exhibit an inhibitory effect of 71%. Fractionation, isolation, and structure elucidation efforts led to the identification of nine new peptaibols, trichoguizaibols A-I (1-9), comprising 14 amino acid residues (14-AA peptaibols), and three new peptaibols, trichoguizaibols J-L (10-12), comprising 18 amino acid residues (18-AA peptaibols). The chemical structures of 1-12 were determined based on their 1D and 2D NMR spectra, HRESIMS, electronic circular dichroism data, and results of the advanced Marfey's method. The 18-AA peptaibols were found to exhibit cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231, SK-Hep1, SKOV3, DU145, and HCT116 cells greater than that of the 14-AA peptaibols. Among these compounds, 10-12 exhibited potent sub-micromolar IC50 values. These results are expected to shed light on a new direction for developing novel scaffolds as anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Sang Han
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28610, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Sook Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul 01369, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Beom Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28610, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Young Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Technology, Duksung Women's University, Seoul 01369, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Kyeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28610, Republic of Korea
| | - Bang Yeon Hwang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28610, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul 01369, Republic of Korea
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Collins JE, Jiang T, Lee JW, Wendt K, Nardella F, Jeon J, Paes R, Santos NM, Rocamora F, Chang M, Schaefer S, Cichewicz RH, Winzeler EA, Chakrabarti D. Understanding the Antiplasmodial Action of Resistance-Refractory Xanthoquinodin A1. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:2276-2287. [PMID: 38810215 PMCID: PMC11533362 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Our previous work identified a series of 12 xanthoquinodin analogues and 2 emodin-dianthrones with broad-spectrum activities against Trichomonas vaginalis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Cryptosporidium parvum, and Plasmodium falciparum. Analyses conducted in this study revealed that the most active analogue, xanthoquinodin A1, also inhibits Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites and the liver stage of Plasmodium berghei, with no cross-resistance to the known antimalarial targets PfACS, PfCARL, PfPI4K, or DHODH. In Plasmodium, inhibition occurs prior to multinucleation and induces parasite death following 12 h of compound exposure. This moderately fast activity has impeded resistance line generation, with xanthoquinodin A1 demonstrating an irresistible phenotype in both T. gondii and P. falciparum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E Collins
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, 12722 Research Parkway, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Tiantian Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Jin Woo Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul 01369, Republic of Korea
| | - Karen Wendt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Natural Products Applications & Research Technologies, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Flore Nardella
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, 12722 Research Parkway, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Jin Jeon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Raphaella Paes
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, 12722 Research Parkway, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Natalia Mojica Santos
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, 12722 Research Parkway, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Frances Rocamora
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Maya Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Samuel Schaefer
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Robert H Cichewicz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Natural Products Applications & Research Technologies, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Winzeler
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Debopam Chakrabarti
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, 12722 Research Parkway, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
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Jiang T, Godinez-Macias KP, Collins JE, Lee JW, Wendt KL, Carolino K, Chakrabarti D, Cichewicz RH, Winzeler EA. Identification of fungal natural products with potent inhibition in Toxoplasma gondii. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0414223. [PMID: 38421191 PMCID: PMC10986609 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04142-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
In an effort to identify novel compounds with potent inhibition against Toxoplasma gondii, a phenotypic screen was performed utilizing a library of 683 pure compounds derived primarily from terrestrial and marine fungi. An initial screen with a fixed concentration of 5 µM yielded 91 hits with inhibition comparable to an equal concentration of artemisinin. These compounds were then triaged based on known biological and chemical concerns and liabilities. From these, 49 prioritized compounds were tested in a dose response format with T. gondii and human foreskin fibroblasts (HFFs) for cytotoxicity. Ten compounds were identified with an IC50 less than 150 nM and a selectivity index (SI) greater than 100. An additional eight compounds demonstrated submicromolar IC50 and SI values equal to or greater than 35. While the majority of these scaffolds have been previously implicated against apicomplexan parasites, their activities in T. gondii were largely unknown. Herein, we report the T. gondii activity of these compounds with chemotypes including xanthoquinodins, peptaibols, heptelidic acid analogs, and fumagillin analogs, with multiple compounds demonstrating exceptional potency in T. gondii and limited toxicity to HFFs at the highest concentrations tested. IMPORTANCE Current therapeutics for treating toxoplasmosis remain insufficient, demonstrating high cytotoxicity, poor bioavailability, limited efficacy, and drug resistance. Additional research is needed to develop novel compounds with high efficacy and low cytotoxicity. The success of artemisinin and other natural products in treating malaria highlights the potential of natural products as anti-protozoan therapeutics. However, the exploration of natural products in T. gondii drug discovery has been less comprehensive, leaving untapped potential. By leveraging the resources available for the malaria drug discovery campaign, we conducted a phenotypic screen utilizing a set of natural products previously screened against Plasmodium falciparum. Our study revealed 18 compounds with high potency and low cytotoxicity in T. gondii, including four novel scaffolds with no previously reported activity in T. gondii. These new scaffolds may serve as starting points for the development of toxoplasmosis therapeutics but could also serve as tool compounds for target identification studies using chemogenomic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Karla P. Godinez-Macias
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jennifer E. Collins
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Jin Woo Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women’s University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Karen L. Wendt
- Natural Products Discovery Group, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Krypton Carolino
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Debopam Chakrabarti
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Robert H. Cichewicz
- Natural Products Discovery Group, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Winzeler
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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Collins JE, Lee JW, Rocamora F, Saggu GS, Wendt KL, Pasaje CFA, Smick S, Santos NM, Paes R, Jiang T, Mittal N, Luth MR, Chin T, Chang H, McLellan JL, Morales-Hernandez B, Hanson KK, Niles JC, Desai SA, Winzeler EA, Cichewicz RH, Chakrabarti D. Antiplasmodial peptaibols act through membrane directed mechanisms. Cell Chem Biol 2024; 31:312-325.e9. [PMID: 37995692 PMCID: PMC10923054 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Our previous study identified 52 antiplasmodial peptaibols isolated from fungi. To understand their antiplasmodial mechanism of action, we conducted phenotypic assays, assessed the in vitro evolution of resistance, and performed a transcriptome analysis of the most potent peptaibol, HZ NPDG-I. HZ NPDG-I and 2 additional peptaibols were compared for their killing action and stage dependency, each showing a loss of digestive vacuole (DV) content via ultrastructural analysis. HZ NPDG-I demonstrated a stepwise increase in DV pH, impaired DV membrane permeability, and the ability to form ion channels upon reconstitution in planar membranes. This compound showed no signs of cross resistance to targets of current clinical candidates, and 3 independent lines evolved to resist HZ NPDG-I acquired nonsynonymous changes in the P. falciparum multidrug resistance transporter, pfmdr1. Conditional knockdown of PfMDR1 showed varying effects to other peptaibol analogs, suggesting differing sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E Collins
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Jin Woo Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Natural Products Applications & Research Technologies, University of Oklahoma, Norman OK 73019, USA
| | - Frances Rocamora
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems & Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Gagandeep S Saggu
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Karen L Wendt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Natural Products Applications & Research Technologies, University of Oklahoma, Norman OK 73019, USA
| | - Charisse Flerida A Pasaje
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Sebastian Smick
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Natalia Mojica Santos
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Raphaella Paes
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Tiantian Jiang
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems & Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Nimisha Mittal
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems & Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Madeline R Luth
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems & Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Taylor Chin
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems & Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Howard Chang
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems & Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - James L McLellan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | - Beatriz Morales-Hernandez
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | - Kirsten K Hanson
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | - Jacquin C Niles
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Sanjay A Desai
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Winzeler
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems & Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Robert H Cichewicz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Natural Products Applications & Research Technologies, University of Oklahoma, Norman OK 73019, USA.
| | - Debopam Chakrabarti
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA.
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Reyser T, Paloque L, Augereau JM, Di Stefano L, Benoit-Vical F. Epigenetic regulation as a therapeutic target in the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Malar J 2024; 23:44. [PMID: 38347549 PMCID: PMC10863139 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-024-04855-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the past thirty years, epigenetic regulation of gene expression has gained increasing interest as it was shown to be implicated in illnesses ranging from cancers to parasitic diseases. In the malaria parasite, epigenetics was shown to be involved in several key steps of the complex life cycle of Plasmodium, among which asexual development and sexual commitment, but also in major biological processes like immune evasion, response to environmental changes or DNA repair. Because epigenetics plays such paramount roles in the Plasmodium parasite, enzymes involved in these regulating pathways represent a reservoir of potential therapeutic targets. This review focuses on epigenetic regulatory processes and their effectors in the malaria parasite, as well as the inhibitors of epigenetic pathways and their potential as new anti-malarial drugs. Such types of drugs could be formidable tools that may contribute to malaria eradication in a context of widespread resistance to conventional anti-malarials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaud Reyser
- LCC-CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- MAAP, Inserm ERL 1289, Team "New Antiplasmodial Molecules and Pharmacological Approaches", Toulouse, France
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Lucie Paloque
- LCC-CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- MAAP, Inserm ERL 1289, Team "New Antiplasmodial Molecules and Pharmacological Approaches", Toulouse, France
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Michel Augereau
- LCC-CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- MAAP, Inserm ERL 1289, Team "New Antiplasmodial Molecules and Pharmacological Approaches", Toulouse, France
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Luisa Di Stefano
- MCD, Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Françoise Benoit-Vical
- LCC-CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
- MAAP, Inserm ERL 1289, Team "New Antiplasmodial Molecules and Pharmacological Approaches", Toulouse, France.
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
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Reyser T, Paloque L, Nguyen M, Augereau JM, Fuchter MJ, Lopez M, Arimondo PB, Hassell-Hart S, Spencer J, Di Stefano L, Benoit-Vical F. Epidrugs as Promising Tools to Eliminate Plasmodium falciparum Artemisinin-Resistant and Quiescent Parasites. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2440. [PMID: 37896200 PMCID: PMC10610379 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of artemisinin and its derivatives has helped reduce the burden of malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum. However, artemisinin-resistant parasites are able, in the presence of artemisinins, to stop their cell cycles. This quiescent state can alter the activity of artemisinin partner drugs leading to a secondary drug resistance and thus threatens malaria eradication strategies. Drugs targeting epigenetic mechanisms (namely epidrugs) are emerging as potential antimalarial drugs. Here, we set out to evaluate a selection of various epidrugs for their activity against quiescent parasites, to explore the possibility of using these compounds to counter artemisinin resistance. The 32 chosen epidrugs were first screened for their antiplasmodial activity and selectivity. We then demonstrated, thanks to the specific Quiescent-stage Survival Assay, that four epidrugs targeting both histone methylation or deacetylation as well as DNA methylation decrease the ability of artemisinin-resistant parasites to recover after artemisinin exposure. In the quest for novel antiplasmodial drugs with new modes of action, these results reinforce the therapeutic potential of epidrugs as antiplasmodial drugs especially in the context of artemisinin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaud Reyser
- LCC-CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 31077 Toulouse, France
- MAAP, New Antimalarial Molecules and Pharmacological Approaches, Inserm ERL 1289, 31077 Toulouse, France
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Lucie Paloque
- LCC-CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 31077 Toulouse, France
- MAAP, New Antimalarial Molecules and Pharmacological Approaches, Inserm ERL 1289, 31077 Toulouse, France
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Michel Nguyen
- LCC-CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 31077 Toulouse, France
- MAAP, New Antimalarial Molecules and Pharmacological Approaches, Inserm ERL 1289, 31077 Toulouse, France
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Michel Augereau
- LCC-CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 31077 Toulouse, France
- MAAP, New Antimalarial Molecules and Pharmacological Approaches, Inserm ERL 1289, 31077 Toulouse, France
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Matthew John Fuchter
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, London W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Marie Lopez
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM UMR 5247, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Paola B Arimondo
- Epigenetic Chemical Biology, Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris-Cité, UMR 3523 CNRS, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Storm Hassell-Hart
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer BN1 9QJ, UK
| | - John Spencer
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer BN1 9QJ, UK
| | - Luisa Di Stefano
- MCD, Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Françoise Benoit-Vical
- LCC-CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 31077 Toulouse, France
- MAAP, New Antimalarial Molecules and Pharmacological Approaches, Inserm ERL 1289, 31077 Toulouse, France
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), 31077 Toulouse, France
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Aldrich CC, Calderón F, Conway SJ, He C, Hooker JM, Huryn DM, Lindsley CW, Liotta DC, Müller CE. Virtual Special Issue: Epigenetics 2022. ACS Chem Biol 2022; 17:2673-2678. [PMID: 36268572 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.2c00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Aldrich CC, Calderón F, Conway SJ, He C, Hooker JM, Huryn DM, Lindsley CW, Liotta DC, Müller CE. Virtual Special Issue: Epigenetics 2022. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2022; 5:829-834. [PMID: 36268124 PMCID: PMC9578134 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.2c00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Aldrich CC, Calderón F, Conway SJ, He C, Hooker JM, Huryn DM, Lindsley CW, Liotta DC, Müller CE. Virtual Special Issue: Epigenetics 2022. ACS Infect Dis 2022; 8:1975-1980. [PMID: 36073808 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.2c00434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Aldrich CC, Calderón F, Conway SJ, He C, Hooker JM, Huryn DM, Lindsley CW, Liotta DC, Müller CE. Virtual Special Issue: Epigenetics 2022. ACS Med Chem Lett 2022; 13:1524-1529. [PMID: 36262399 PMCID: PMC9575161 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.2c00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Aldrich CC, Calderón F, Conway SJ, He C, Hooker JM, Huryn DM, Lindsley CW, Liotta DC, Müller CE. Virtual Special Issue: Epigenetics 2022. J Med Chem 2022; 65:11894-11899. [PMID: 36073827 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Aldrich CC, Calderón F, Conway SJ, He C, Hooker JM, Huryn DM, Lindsley CW, Liotta DC, Müller CE. Virtual Special Issue: Epigenetics 2022. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022. [PMID: 36067366 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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