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Ramimoghadam D, Eyckens DJ, Evans RA, Moad G, Holmes S, Simons R. Towards Sustainable Materials: A Review of Acylhydrazone Chemistry for Reversible Polymers. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401728. [PMID: 38888459 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Transitioning towards a circular economy, extensive research has focused on dynamic covalent bonds (DCBs) to pave the way for more sustainable materials. These bonds enable debonding and rebonding on demand, as well as facilitating end-of-life recycling. Acylhydrazone/hydrazone chemistry offers a material with high stability under neutral and basic conditions making it a promising candidate for materials research, though the material is susceptible to acid degradation. However, this degradation under acidic conditions can be exploited, making it widely applicable in self-healing and biomedical fields, with potential for reprocessing and recycling. This review highlights studies exploring the reversibility of acylhydrazone/hydrazone bonds in various polymers, altering their properties, and utilizing them in applications such as self-healing, reprocessing, and recycling. The review also focuses on how the mechanical properties are affected by the presence of dynamic linkages, and methods to improve the mechanical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donya Ramimoghadam
- Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Daniel J Eyckens
- Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Richard A Evans
- Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Graeme Moad
- Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Susan Holmes
- Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Ranya Simons
- Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
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Tang S, Wang W, Wang Y, Gao Y, Dai K, Zhang W, Wu X, Yuan X, Jin C, Zan X, Zhu L, Geng W. Sustained release of 5-aminosalicylic acid from azoreductase-responsive polymeric prodrugs for prolonged colon-targeted colitis therapy. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:468. [PMID: 39103846 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02724-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a challenging inflammatory gastrointestinal disorder, whose therapies encounter limitations in overcoming insufficient colonic retention and rapid systemic clearance. In this study, we report an innovative polymeric prodrug nanoformulation for targeted UC treatment through sustained 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) delivery. Amphiphilic polymer-based 13.5 nm micelles were engineered to incorporate azo-linked 5-ASA prodrug motifs, enabling cleavage via colonic azoreductases. In vitro, micelles exhibited excellent stability under gastric/intestinal conditions while demonstrating controlled 5-ASA release over 24 h in colonic fluids. Orally administered micelles revealed prolonged 24-h retention and a high accumulation within inflamed murine colonic tissue. At an approximately 60% dose reduction from those most advanced recent studies, the platform halted DSS colitis progression and outperformed standard 5-ASA therapy through a 77-97% suppression of inflammatory markers. Histological analysis confirmed intact colon morphology and restored barrier protein expression. This integrated prodrug nanoformulation addresses limitations in colon-targeted UC therapy through localized bioactivation and tailored pharmacokinetics, suggesting the potential of nanotechnology-guided precision delivery to transform disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicheng Tang
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou Institute, Wenzhou, 325001, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Wenchao Wang
- Department of Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yijian Wang
- Department of Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuhan Gao
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou Institute, Wenzhou, 325001, Zhejiang, China
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325001, Zhejiang, China
| | - Keke Dai
- Department of Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xudong Wu
- Department of Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaodie Yuan
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou Institute, Wenzhou, 325001, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chaofan Jin
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou Institute, Wenzhou, 325001, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xingjie Zan
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou Institute, Wenzhou, 325001, Zhejiang, China
| | - Limeng Zhu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou Institute, Wenzhou, 325001, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Wujun Geng
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325001, Zhejiang, China.
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Yang R, Tang S, Xie X, Jin C, Tong Y, Huang W, Zan X. Enhanced Ocular Delivery of Beva via Ultra-Small Polymeric Micelles for Noninvasive Anti-VEGF Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2314126. [PMID: 38819852 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202314126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Pathological ocular neovascularization resulting from retinal ischemia constitutes a major cause of vision loss. Current anti-VEGF therapies rely on burdensome intravitreal injections of Bevacizumab (Beva). Herein ultrasmall polymeric micelles encapsulating Beva (P@Beva) are developed for noninvasive topical delivery to posterior eye tissues. Beva is efficiently loaded into 11 nm micelles fabricated via self-assembly of hyperbranched amphiphilic copolymers. The neutral, brush-like micelles demonstrate excellent drug encapsulation and colloidal stability. In vitro, P@Beva enhances intracellular delivery of Beva in ocular cells versus free drug. Ex vivo corneal and conjunctival-sclera-choroidal tissues transport after eye drops are improved 23-fold and 7.9-fold, respectively. Anti-angiogenic bioactivity is retained with P@Beva eliciting greater inhibition of endothelial tube formation and choroid sprouting over Beva alone. Remarkably, in an oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) model, topical P@Beva matching efficacy of intravitreal Beva injection, is the clinical standard. Comprehensive biocompatibility verifies safety. Overall, this pioneering protein delivery platform holds promise to shift paradigms from invasive intravitreal injections toward simplified, noninvasive administration of biotherapeutics targeting posterior eye diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhui Yang
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325035, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Perioperative Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325001, China
| | - Sicheng Tang
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Perioperative Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325001, China
| | - Xiaoling Xie
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325035, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Perioperative Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325001, China
| | - Chaofan Jin
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Perioperative Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325001, China
| | - Yuhua Tong
- The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, Zhejiang Province, 324000, China
| | - Wenjuan Huang
- Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, 317000, China
| | - Xingjie Zan
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325035, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Perioperative Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325001, China
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Gao Y, Yang R, Shou Z, Zan X, Tang S. Optimization of boronic ester-based amphiphilic copolymers for ROS-responsive drug delivery. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:6683-6686. [PMID: 38860957 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01836b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
This study introduces boronic ester-based ROS-responsive amphiphilic copolymers for antioxidant drug delivery. Tuning the hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance optimized the size, curcumin encapsulation, ROS-triggered release, cellular uptake, and intracellular ROS scavenging. The lead P1b formulation self-assembled into stable 10 nm micelles enabling rapid ROS-triggered curcumin release and preferential cellular internalization. P1b eliminated over 90% of pathogenic intracellular ROS within 10 minutes, demonstrating a rapid antioxidant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - Ruhui Yang
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - Zeyu Shou
- Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Xingjie Zan
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Perioperative Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou Institute, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325001, China.
| | - Sicheng Tang
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Perioperative Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou Institute, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325001, China.
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Feng W, Qian Y. Water-soluble red fluorescent protein dimers for hypoxic two-photon photodynamic therapy. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:2413-2424. [PMID: 38354026 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02621c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
In this study, two water-soluble red fluorescent protein (RFP) dimers, FP2R' and FP2R'', were synthesized by linking two phenothiazine-based RFP chromophore analogues through alkyl chains or alkoxy chains for hypoxic two-photon photodynamic therapy. RFP dimers are heavy-atom-free two-photon photosensitizers in which the intersystem crossing process is boosted by S and N heteroatoms. In terms of the aqueous solubility, the saturation concentration of FP2R'' was 3.5 mM, the emission wavelength was 677 nm, the singlet oxygen yield was 18%, and the two-photon absorption coefficient (β) was 2.1 × 10-11 cm W-1. Further, the RFP dimer FP2R'' showed excellent biocompatibility, negligible dark toxicity, and could produce 1O2 and O2˙- simultaneously. Under 460 nm illumination, the photosensitizer FP2R'' showed high phototoxicity with an IC50 value of 4.08 μM in an hypoxia environment, indicating that the photosensitizer FP2R'' has an excellent anti-hypoxia ability. In addition, the photosensitizer FP2R'' demonstrated a precise localization ability to lysosomes and its Pearson's colocalization coefficient was 0.94, which could guide the aggregation of photosensitizers in the lysosomes of tumor cells to effectively improve its photodynamic therapy (PDT) effect. In particular, when exposed to 800 nm two-photon excitation, FP2R'' effectively produced 1O2 and O2˙- in zebrafish and exhibited a bright two-photon fluorescence imaging capability. At the same time, the efficacy of two-photon photodynamic therapy mediated by the photosensitizer FP2R'' was verified in the tumor zebrafish model, and the growth of tumor cells in zebrafish was significantly inhibited under a two-photon laser irradiation. The water-soluble two-photon photosensitizer FP2R'' that was reasonably constructed in this study can be used as a high-efficiency hypoxic two-photon photosensitizer to inhibit deep tumor tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China.
| | - Ying Qian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China.
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Tang S, Gao Y, Wang W, Wang Y, Liu P, Shou Z, Yang R, Jin C, Zan X, Wang C, Geng W. Self-Report Amphiphilic Polymer-Based Drug Delivery System with ROS-Triggered Drug Release for Osteoarthritis Therapy. ACS Macro Lett 2024; 13:58-64. [PMID: 38153092 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
The development of drug delivery systems with real-time cargo release monitoring capabilities is imperative for optimizing nanomedicine performance. Herein, we report an innovative self-reporting drug delivery platform based on a ROS-responsive random copolymer (P1) capable of visualizing cargo release kinetics via the activation of an integrated fluorophore. P1 was synthesized by copolymerization of pinacol boronate, PEG, and naphthalimide monomers to impart ROS-sensitivity, hydrophilicity, and fluorescence signaling, respectively. Detailed characterization verified that P1 self-assembles into 11 nm micelles with 10 μg mL-1 CMC and can encapsulate hydrophobic curcumin with 79% efficiency. Fluorescence assays demonstrated H2O2-triggered disassembly and curcumin release with concurrent polymer fluorescence turn-on. Both in vitro and in vivo studies validated the real-time visualization of drug release and ROS scavenging, as well as the therapeutic effect on osteoarthritis (OA). Overall, this nanotheranostic polymeric micelle system enables quantitative monitoring of drug release kinetics for enhanced treatment optimization across oxidative stress-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicheng Tang
- Department of Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou Institute, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325001, China
| | - Yuhan Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - Wenchao Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Yijian Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Pan Liu
- Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Zeyu Shou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325000, China
| | - Ruhui Yang
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - Chaofan Jin
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou Institute, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325001, China
| | - Xingjie Zan
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou Institute, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325001, China
| | - Chenglong Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan City, 250021, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wujun Geng
- Department of Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Perioperative Medicine, Wenzhou 325001, China
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Elsyed AFN, Wong GL, Ameen M, Wu MW, Chang CC. Tunable Fluorescence via Self-Assembled Switching of AIE-Active Micelle-like Nanoaggregates. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9941. [PMID: 37373087 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemical structures bearing a combination of aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) and intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) properties attracted the attention of many researchers. Recently, there is an increasing demand to pose tunable AIEE and ICT fluorophores that could present their conformation changes-related emission colors by adjusting the medium polarity. In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of 4-alkoxyphenyl-substituted 1,8-naphthalic anhydride derivatives NAxC using the Suzuki coupling reaction to construct donor-acceptor (D-A)-type fluorophores with alkoxyl substituents of varying carbon chain lengths (x = 1, 2, 4, 6, 12 in NAxC). To explain the observation that molecules with longer carbon chains revealed unusual fluorescence enhancement in water, we study the optical properties and evaluate their locally excited (LE) and ICT states by solvent effects combined with Lippert-Mataga plots. Then, we explored the self-assembly abilities of these molecules in water-organic (W/O) mixed solutions and observed the morphology of its nanostructure using a fluorescence microscope and SEM. The results show that NAxC, x = 4, 6, 12 show different degrees of self-assembly behaviors and corresponding aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) progresses. At the same time, different nanostructures and corresponding spectral changes can be obtained by adjusting the water ratio in the mixed solution. That is, NAxC compounds present different transitions between LE, ICT and AIEE based on the polarity, water ratio and time changes. We designed NAxC as the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of the surfactant to demonstrate that AIEE comes from the formation of micelle-like nanoaggregates, which causes a restriction of the transfer from the LE state to the ICT state, and micelle formation results in a blue-shift in emission and enhances the intensity in the aggregate state. Among them, NA12C is most likely to form micelles and the most obvious fluorescence enhancement, which will switch over time due to the nano-aggregation transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Farghal Noreldein Elsyed
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Gah-Lai Wong
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Mohamed Ameen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Min-Wei Wu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chung Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Intelligent Minimally-Invasive Device Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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