1
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Yang Q, Zhang R, Tian J, He H, Xue P, Chen X, Jia M. Isothermal and non-isothermal crystallization kinetics of UHMWPE composites incorporating with GNP/MWCNT. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-023-03533-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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2
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Qiang Y, Turner KT, Lee D. Role of Polymer–Nanoparticle Interactions on the Fracture Toughness of Polymer-Infiltrated Nanoparticle Films. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Qiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Kevin T. Turner
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Daeyeon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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3
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Takarada W, Barique MA, Kunimitsu T, Kameda T, Kikutani T. Verification of the Influence of Processing History through Comparing High-Speed Melt Spinning Behavior of Virgin and Recycled Polypropylene. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14163238. [PMID: 36015494 PMCID: PMC9414695 DOI: 10.3390/polym14163238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A ‘model’ material of recycled polypropylene (PP) was prepared through the injection molding process, and the effect of processing history on the polymer characteristics was investigated through the high-speed melt spinning of virgin and recycled PP. On-line measurement of the thinning behavior of the spin-line revealed the downstream shift of solidification point for the recycled PP at the take-up velocity of 1.0 km/min, indicating the suppression of flow-induced crystallization. The difference was not clear at higher take-up velocities of up to 5 km/min. For any identical take-up velocity, no clear difference in the stress-strain curves and birefringence of the fibers from virgin and recycled PP could be observed, whereas the detailed investigation on the variation of relative amount of c-axis and a*-axis oriented crystals in the fibers prepared at varied take-up velocities suggested the deterioration of flow-induced crystallization at 1.0 km/min. It was speculated that the processing history induced the lowering of the entanglement density, which affected the melt spinning and crystallization behavior. An undistinguishable difference between the virgin and recycled PP at increased take-up velocities suggested the existence of an optimum elongational strain rate for the detection of the different states of molecular entanglement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Takarada
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
- Correspondence: (W.T.); (M.A.B.); Tel.: +81-3-5734-3658 (W.T.)
| | - Mohammad A. Barique
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
- Correspondence: (W.T.); (M.A.B.); Tel.: +81-3-5734-3658 (W.T.)
| | - Tatsuma Kunimitsu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Takao Kameda
- Futuristic Technology Department, SANKO GOSEI Ltd., Toyama 939-1852, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kikutani
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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4
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Shang H, Ke L, Xu W, Shen M, Fan ZX, Zhang S, Wang Y, Tang D, Huang D, Yang HR, Zhou D, Xu H. Microwave-Assisted Direct Growth of Carbon Nanotubes at Graphene Oxide Nanosheets to Promote the Stereocomplexation and Performances of Polylactides. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c04118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Han Shang
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Lv Ke
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Wenxuan Xu
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Mengyuan Shen
- The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Zhen-Xing Fan
- Beijing Naton Institute of Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100194, China
| | - Shenghui Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Yanqing Wang
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Daoyuan Tang
- Anhui Sentai WPC Group Share Co., Ltd., Guangde 242299, China
| | - Donghui Huang
- Anhui Sentai WPC Group Share Co., Ltd., Guangde 242299, China
| | - Hao-Ran Yang
- State Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science and Technology, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Dongmei Zhou
- The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Huan Xu
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
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5
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de Menezes BRC, Sampaio ADG, da Silva DM, Montagna LS, Montanheiro TLDA, Koga Ito CY, Thim GP. Nanocomposites obtained by incorporation of silanized silver nanowires to improve mechanical properties and prevent fungal adhesion. NANO SELECT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202100095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Aline da Graça Sampaio
- Genoma Laboratory São José dos Campos Institute of Science and Technology São Paulo State University (UNESP) São José dos Campos SP Brazil
| | - Diego Morais da Silva
- Plasmas and Process Laboratory (LPP) Technological Institute of Aeronautics (ITA) São José dos Campos SP Brazil
| | - Larissa Stieven Montagna
- Technology Laboratory of Polymers and Biopolymers Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP) São José dos Campos SP Brazil
| | | | - Cristiane Yumi Koga Ito
- Genoma Laboratory São José dos Campos Institute of Science and Technology São Paulo State University (UNESP) São José dos Campos SP Brazil
| | - Gilmar Patrocínio Thim
- Plasmas and Process Laboratory (LPP) Technological Institute of Aeronautics (ITA) São José dos Campos SP Brazil
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6
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Martin-Fabiani I, Drakopoulos SX, Forte G, Prévost S, Hoffmann I, Ronca S. Chain Dynamics of Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polyethylene Composites with Graphene Oxide Nanosheets. ACS Macro Lett 2021; 10:460-465. [PMID: 35549228 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the melt chain dynamics of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) and its composites with graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets by means of neutron spin echo spectroscopy. For the GO concentrations explored, we observe hindered chain dynamics with respect to the pure UHMWPE. We propose a model where a fraction of the polymer is immobilized on top and at the bottom of GO sheets. This model enables us to provide a microscopic measurement of the adsorbed and free polymer fractions, as well as the thickness of the adsorbed layer. Our experiments provide experimental nanoscopic evidence of GO hindering entanglement formation in a polymer melt, a phenomenon that had been observed at the macroscale before via rheological measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Martin-Fabiani
- Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, U.K
| | - Stavros X. Drakopoulos
- School of Metallurgy and Materials, College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Giuseppe Forte
- Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, U.K
| | - Sylvain Prévost
- Institut Max von Laue-Paul Langevin (ILL), F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Ingo Hoffmann
- Institut Max von Laue-Paul Langevin (ILL), F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Sara Ronca
- Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, U.K
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7
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An approach for compatibilization of the starch with poly(lactic acid) and ethylene-vinyl acetate-glycidyl-methacrylate. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 161:44-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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8
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Lee KPM, Brandt M, Shanks R, Daver F. Rheology and 3D Printability of Percolated Graphene-Polyamide-6 Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2014. [PMID: 32899316 PMCID: PMC7565563 DOI: 10.3390/polym12092014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene-polyamide-6 (PA6) composites with up to 17.0%·w/w graphene content were prepared via melt mixing. Oscillatory rheometry revealed that the dynamic viscoelastic properties of PA6 decreased with the addition of 0.1%·w/w graphene but increased when the graphene content was increased to 6.0%·w/w and higher. Further analysis indicated that the rheological percolation threshold was between 6.0 and 10.0%·w/w graphene. The Carreau-Yasuda model was used to describe the complex viscosity of the materials. Capillary rheometry was applied to assess the steady shear rheology of neat PA6 and the 17.0%·w/w graphene-PA6 composite. High material viscosity at low shear rates coupled with intense shear-thinning in the composite highlighted the importance of selecting the appropriate rheological characterisation methods, shear rates and rheological models when assessing the 3D printability of percolated graphene-polymer composites for material extrusion (ME). A method to predict the printability of an ME filament feedstock, based on fundamental equations describing material flow through the printer nozzle, in the form of a printing envelope, was developed and verified experimentally. It was found that designing filaments with steady shear viscosities of approximately 15% of the maximum printable viscosity for the desired printing conditions will be advantageous for easy ME processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kok Peng Marcian Lee
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, PO Box 71, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia;
| | - Milan Brandt
- Centre for Additive Manufacturing, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia;
| | - Robert Shanks
- School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia;
| | - Fugen Daver
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, PO Box 71, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia;
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9
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Matharu RK, Tabish TA, Trakoolwilaiwan T, Mansfield J, Moger J, Wu T, Lourenço C, Chen B, Ciric L, Parkin IP, Edirisinghe M. Microstructure and antibacterial efficacy of graphene oxide nanocomposite fibres. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 571:239-252. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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10
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Hong Y, Bao S, Xiang X, Wang X. Concentration-Dominated Orientation of Phenyl Groups at the Polystyrene/Graphene Interface. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:889-894. [PMID: 35648522 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The interfacial orientation of aromatic groups plays a crucial role in determining the properties of graphene-based aromatic polymer nanocomposites. Here, the interfacial orientation of the polystyrene (PS) phenyl groups in contact with graphene is revealed by sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy. The SFG spectra showed that the orientation of the phenyl groups is closely related to the interfacial concentration as the chains reach the quasi-equilibrium state. The phenyl groups remain in a relatively unrestricted state at a low concentration of the PS phenyl groups, and they prefer to recline to more favorably interact with graphene via a face-to-face configuration. Densely stacked phenyl groups are too crowded to form multilayer face-to-face interactions with graphene, and they prefer to remain upright, while π-π interactions are formed among the phenyl groups themselves in addition to the edge-to-face interactions to maximize the bonding energy of the π-π interactions. This is enthalpically favorable and driven mainly by the π-π interactions. This work provides important knowledge for the design and optimization of functional graphene-based aromatic polymer nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongming Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Senyang Bao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xiang Xiang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xinping Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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11
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Hadisi Z, Farokhi M, Bakhsheshi-Rad HR, Jahanshahi M, Hasanpour S, Pagan E, Dolatshahi-Pirouz A, Zhang YS, Kundu SC, Akbari M. Hyaluronic Acid (HA)-Based Silk Fibroin/Zinc Oxide Core-Shell Electrospun Dressing for Burn Wound Management. Macromol Biosci 2020; 20:e1900328. [PMID: 32077252 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201900328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Burn injuries represent a major life-threatening event that impacts the quality of life of patients, and places enormous demands on the global healthcare systems. This study introduces the fabrication and characterization of a novel wound dressing made of core-shell hyaluronic acid-silk fibroin/zinc oxide (ZO) nanofibers for treatment of burn injuries. The core-shell configuration enables loading ZO-an antibacterial agent-in the core of nanofibers, which in return improves the sustained release of the drug and maintains its bioactivity. Successful formation of core-shell nanofibers and loading of zinc oxide are confirmed by transmission electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray. The antibacterial activity of the dressings are examined against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and it is shown that addition of ZO improves the antibacterial property of the dressing in a dose-dependent fashion. However, in vitro cytotoxicity studies show that high concentration of ZO (>3 wt%) is toxic to the cells. In vivo studies indicate that the wound dressings loaded with ZO (3 wt%) substantially improves the wound healing procedure and significantly reduces the inflammatory response at the wound site. Overall, the dressing introduced herein holds great promise for the management of burn injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhina Hadisi
- Laboratory for Innovations in Microengineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8P 5C2, Canada.,Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Mehdi Farokhi
- National Cell Bank of Iran, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, PO Box 1316943551, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Bakhsheshi-Rad
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Department of Materials Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
| | - Maryam Jahanshahi
- Laboratory for Innovations in Microengineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8P 5C2, Canada.,Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Sadegh Hasanpour
- Laboratory for Innovations in Microengineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8P 5C2, Canada.,Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Erik Pagan
- Laboratory for Innovations in Microengineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8P 5C2, Canada.,Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Alireza Dolatshahi-Pirouz
- Radboud university medical center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Dentistry-Regenerative Biomaterials, Philips van Leydenlaan 25, 6525EX, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Health Technology, Institute of Biotherapeutic Engineering and Drug Targeting, Center for Intestinal Absorption and Transport of Biopharmaceuticals, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Yu Shrike Zhang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 65 Landsdowne St, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Subhas C Kundu
- 3Bs Research Group, I3Bs-Institute on Biomaterials, biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Guimaraes, 4805-017, Portugal
| | - Mohsen Akbari
- Laboratory for Innovations in Microengineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8P 5C2, Canada.,Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8P 5C2, Canada
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12
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Panahi-Sarmad M, Goodarzi V, Amirkiai A, Noroozi M, Abrisham M, Dehghan P, Shakeri Y, Karimpour-Motlagh N, Poudineh Hajipoor F, Ali Khonakdar H, Asefnejad A. Programing polyurethane with systematic presence of graphene-oxide (GO) and reduced graphene-oxide (rGO) platelets for adjusting of heat-actuated shape memory properties. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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13
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Gratz M, Tschöpe A. Size Effects in the Oscillatory Rotation Dynamics of Ni Nanorods in Poly(ethylene oxide) Solutions. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Micha Gratz
- Experimentalphysik, Universität des Saarlandes, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Andreas Tschöpe
- Experimentalphysik, Universität des Saarlandes, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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14
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Behbahani AF, Motlagh GH, Vaez Allaei SM, Harmandaris VA. Structure and Conformation of Stereoregular Poly(methyl methacrylate) Chains Adsorbed on Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide via Atomistic Simulations. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza F. Behbahani
- Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas, Heraklion GR-71110, Greece
- Advanced Polymer Materials and Processing Lab, School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 11155-4563, Iran
| | - G. Hashemi Motlagh
- Advanced Polymer Materials and Processing Lab, School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 11155-4563, Iran
| | - S. Mehdi Vaez Allaei
- Department of Physics, University of Tehran, Tehran 14395-547, Iran
- School of Physics, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran 19395-5531, Iran
| | - Vagelis A. Harmandaris
- Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas, Heraklion GR-71110, Greece
- Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Crete, Heraklion GR-71110, Greece
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15
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Xu J, Zhang H, Li J, Zhang L, Zuo B, Tsui OKC, Wang X. Conformation-Sensitive Surface Dynamics in Thin Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Film. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianquan Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Haosong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jiachen Li
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Biao Zuo
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Ophelia K. C. Tsui
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xinping Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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16
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Kirk J, Wang Z, Ilg P. Entanglement dynamics at flat surfaces: Investigations using multi-chain molecular dynamics and a single-chain slip-spring model. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:094906. [PMID: 30849883 DOI: 10.1063/1.5045301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamics of an entangled polymer melt confined in a channel by parallel plates is investigated by Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations of a detailed, multi-chain model. A primitive path analysis predicts that the density of entanglements remains approximately constant throughout the gap and drops to lower values only in the immediate vicinity of the surface. Based on these observations, we propose a coarse-grained, single-chain slip-spring model with a uniform density of slip-spring anchors and slip-links. The slip-spring model is compared to the Kremer-Grest MD bead-spring model via equilibrium correlation functions of chain orientations. Reasonably good agreement between the single-chain model and the detailed multi-chain model is obtained for chain relaxation dynamics, both away from the surface and for chains whose center of mass positions are at a distance from the surface that is less than the bulk chain radius of gyration, without introducing any additional model parameters. Our results suggest that there is no considerable drop in topological interactions for chains in the vicinity of a single flat surface. We infer from the slip-spring model that the experimental plateau modulus of a confined polymer melt may be different to a corresponding unconfined system even if there is no drop in topological interactions for the confined case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Kirk
- School of Mathematical, Physical and Computational Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AX, United Kingdom
| | - Zuowei Wang
- School of Mathematical, Physical and Computational Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AX, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick Ilg
- School of Mathematical, Physical and Computational Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AX, United Kingdom
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17
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Matharu RK, Porwal H, Ciric L, Edirisinghe M. The effect of graphene-poly(methyl methacrylate) fibres on microbial growth. Interface Focus 2018; 8:20170058. [PMID: 29696090 PMCID: PMC5915660 DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2017.0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel class of ultra-thin fibres, which affect microbial growth, were explored. The microbial properties of poly(methyl methacrylate) fibres containing 2, 4 and 8 wt% of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) were studied. GNPs were dispersed in a polymeric solution and processed using pressurized gyration. Electron microscopy was used to characterize GNP and fibre morphology. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the formation of beaded porous fibres. GNP concentration was found to dictate fibre morphology. As the GNP concentration increased, the average fibre diameter increased from 0.75 to 2.71 µm, while fibre porosity decreased. Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were used to investigate the properties of 2, 4 and 8 wt% GNP-loaded fibres. GNP-loaded fibres (0 wt%) were used as the negative control. The fibres were incubated for 24 h with the bacteria; bacterial colony-forming units were enumerated by adopting the colony-counting method. The presence of 2 and 4 wt% GNP-loaded fibres promoted microbial growth, while 8 wt% GNP-loaded fibres showed antimicrobial activity. These results indicate that the minimum inhibitory concentration of GNPs required within a fibre is 8 wt%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupy Kaur Matharu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geomatic Engineering, University College London, Chadwick Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Harshit Porwal
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Lena Ciric
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geomatic Engineering, University College London, Chadwick Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Mohan Edirisinghe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK
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18
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Xu H, Xie L, Li J, Hakkarainen M. Coffee Grounds to Multifunctional Quantum Dots: Extreme Nanoenhancers of Polymer Biocomposites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:27972-27983. [PMID: 28770986 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b09401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Central to the design and execution of nanocomposite strategies is the invention of polymer-affinitive and multifunctional nanoreinforcements amenable to economically viable processing. Here, a microwave-assisted approach enabled gram-scale fabrication of polymer-affinitive luminescent quantum dots (QDs) from spent coffee grounds. The ultrasmall dimensions (approaching 20 nm), coupled with richness of diverse oxygen functional groups, conferred the zero-dimensional QDs with proper exfoliation and uniform dispersion in poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) matrix. The unique optical properties of QDs were inherited by PLLA nanocomposites, giving intensive luminescence and high visible transparency, as well as nearly 100% UV-blocking ratio in the full-UV region at only 0.5 wt % QDs. The strong anchoring of PLLA chains at the nanoscale surfaces of QDs facilitated PLLA crystallization, which was accompanied by substantial improvements in thermomechanical and tensile properties. With 1 wt % QDs, for example, the storage modulus at 100 °C and tensile strength increased over 2500 and 69% compared to those of pure PLLA (4 and 57.3 MPa), respectively. The QD-enabled energy-dissipating and flexibility-imparting mechanisms upon tensile deformation, including the generation of numerous shear bands, crazing, and nanofibrillation, gave an unusual combination of elasticity and extensibility for PLLA nanocomposites. This paves the way to biowaste-derived nanodots with high affinity to polymer for elegant implementation of distinct light management and extreme nanoreinforcements in an ecofriendly manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Xu
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Stockholm 10044, Sweden
- ENN Graphene Technology Co., Ltd., ENN Group , Langfang 065001, China
| | - Lan Xie
- Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jinlai Li
- ENN Graphene Technology Co., Ltd., ENN Group , Langfang 065001, China
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Stockholm 10044, Sweden
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19
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Carroll B, Cheng S, Sokolov AP. Analyzing the Interfacial Layer Properties in Polymer Nanocomposites by Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shiwang Cheng
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Alexei P. Sokolov
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
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20
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Choi KI, Kim TH, Yuan G, Satija SK, Koo J. Dynamics of Entangled Polymers Confined between Graphene Oxide Sheets as Studied by Neutron Reflectivity. ACS Macro Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.7b00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ki-In Choi
- Neutron
Science Center, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Daejeon, 34057, Korea
- Department
of Organic Materials Engineering, Chungnam Nation University, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| | - Tae-Ho Kim
- Neutron
Science Center, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Daejeon, 34057, Korea
| | - Guangcui Yuan
- Center
for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Sushil K. Satija
- Center
for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Jaseung Koo
- Neutron
Science Center, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Daejeon, 34057, Korea
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21
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Kirk
- School of Mathematical,
Physical
and Computational Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AX, U.K
| | - Patrick Ilg
- School of Mathematical,
Physical
and Computational Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AX, U.K
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22
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Sheikhi A, van de Ven TGM. Squishy nanotraps: hybrid cellulose nanocrystal-zirconium metallogels for controlled trapping of biomacromolecules. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:8747-8750. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc02844j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A brick-and-mortar-like ultrasoft nanocomposite metallogel is formed by crosslinking cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) with ammonium zirconium carbonate (AZC) to trap and reconfigure dextran, a model biomacromolecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Sheikhi
- Department of Chemistry
- Centre for Self-Assembled Chemical Structures
- Pulp and Paper Research Centre
- McGill University
- Montreal
| | - T. G. M. van de Ven
- Department of Chemistry
- Centre for Self-Assembled Chemical Structures
- Pulp and Paper Research Centre
- McGill University
- Montreal
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23
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Hou G, Tao W, Liu J, Gao Y, Zhang L, Li Y. Tailoring the dispersion of nanoparticles and the mechanical behavior of polymer nanocomposites by designing the chain architecture. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:32024-32037. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp06199d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The dispersion of nanoparticles with different polymer–nanoparticle interaction strengths and chain architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanyi Hou
- Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Tao
- Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Elastomer Materials on Energy Conservation and Resources of Ministry of Education
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
| | - Yangyang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Elastomer Materials on Energy Conservation and Resources of Ministry of Education
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
| | - Liqun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Elastomer Materials on Energy Conservation and Resources of Ministry of Education
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Institute of Materials Science
- University of Connecticut
- Storrs
- USA
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24
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Liu K, de Boer EL, Yao Y, Romano D, Ronca S, Rastogi S. Heterogeneous Distribution of Entanglements in a Nonequilibrium Polymer Melt of UHMWPE: Influence on Crystallization without and with Graphene Oxide. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kangsheng Liu
- Department
of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, U.K
- Textile
Materials Technology Group, School of Design, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Ele L. de Boer
- Department
of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, U.K
| | - Yefeng Yao
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, East China Normal University, North Zhongshan Road 3663, 200062 Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Dario Romano
- Department
of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, U.K
- Department
of Biobased Materials, Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sara Ronca
- Department
of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, U.K
| | - Sanjay Rastogi
- Department
of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, U.K
- Department
of Biobased Materials, Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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25
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Sussman DM. Spatial distribution of entanglements in thin free-standing films. Phys Rev E 2016; 94:012503. [PMID: 27575172 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.94.012503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We simulate entangled linear polymers in free-standing thin film geometries where the confining dimension is on the same scale as or smaller than the bulk chain dimensions. We compare both film-averaged and layer-resolved, spatially inhomogeneous measures of the polymer structure and entanglement network with theoretical models. We find that these properties are controlled by the ratio of both chain- and entanglement-strand length scales to the film thickness. While the film-averaged entanglement properties can be accurately predicted, we identify outstanding challenges in understanding the spatially resolved character of the heterogeneities in the entanglement network, particularly when the scale of both the entanglement strand and the chain end-to-end vector is comparable to or smaller than the film thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M Sussman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 209 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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