1
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Park JK, Park SJ, Jeong B. Poly(l-alanine- co-l-threonine succinate) as a Biomimetic Cryoprotectant. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:58092-58102. [PMID: 38060278 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c11260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
We synthesized a series of [(l-Ala)x-co-(l-Thr succinate)y] (PATs), which are analogous to natural antifreezing glycoprotein with the structure of [l-Ala-l-Ala-l-Thr disaccharide]n, by varying the composition and degree of succinylation while fixing their molecular weight (Mn) and Ala/Thr ratio at approximately 10-12 kDa and 2:1, respectively. We investigated their ice recrystallization inhibition (IRI), ice nucleation inhibition (INI), dynamic ice shaping (DIS), thermal hysteresis (TH), and protein cryopreservation activities. Both IRI and INI activities were greater for PATs with higher l-Ala content (PATs-3 and PATs-4) than those with lower l-Ala content (PATs-1 and PATs-2). DIS activity with faceted crystal growth was clearly observed in PATs-2 and PATs-4 with a high degree of succinylation. TH was small with <0.1 °C for all PATs and slightly greater for PATs with a high l-Ala content. Except for PATs-1, the protein (lactate dehydrogenase, LDH) stabilization activity was excellent for all PATs studied, maintaining LDH activity as high as that of fresh LDH even after 15 freeze-thaw cycles. To conclude, the cryo-active biomimetic PATs were synthesized by controlling the l-Ala content and degree of succinylation. Our results showed that PATs with an l-Ala content of 65-70% and degree of succinylation of 12-19% exhibited the cryo-activities of IRI, INI, and DIS, and particularly promising properties for the cryoprotection of LDH protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Kyung Park
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - So-Jung Park
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Byeongmoon Jeong
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea
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2
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Hu B, Li JJ, Ren YB, Zhang TX, Chen LB, Li XL, Guo DS, Wang KR. Calixarene-based cryoprotectants for ice recrystallization inhibition and cell cryopreservation. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:11222-11227. [PMID: 38013489 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02432f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The development of new cryoprotectants for cryopreservation of cells has attracted considerable interest. Herein, five calixarene-based CPAs (SC4A, S-S-C4A, S-SO2-C4A, SBAC4A, and CAC4A) were developed, and their IRI activity, DIS property and cryoprotective effect were studied. SBAC4A with a sulphobetaine zwitterion and SC4A with sulfo group modification possessed better cryoprotective effects than the other calixarene-based CPAs, especially for SBAC4A with the enhanced cell viabilities of 16.16 ± 1.78%, 12.60 ± 1.15% and 14.90 ± 1.66% against MCF-7, hucMSCs and A549 cells, respectively. This result provides a supramolecular principle for developing novel CPAs with consideration of the factors of hydrogen bonding, the macromolecular crowding principle and the three-dimensional (3D) structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Hu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China.
| | - Juan-Juan Li
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Yan-Bin Ren
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China.
| | - Tian-Xing Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center for CO2 Capture and Utilization, Key Laboratory of CO2 Resource Utilization at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China
| | - Li-Bin Chen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China.
| | - Xiao-Liu Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China.
| | - Dong-Sheng Guo
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Novel Functional Materials Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Kashi University, Kashi 844000, China
| | - Ke-Rang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China.
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3
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Burkey AA, Ghousifam N, Hillsley AV, Brotherton ZW, Rezaeeyazdi M, Hatridge TA, Harris DT, Sprague WW, Sandoval BE, Rosales AM, Rylander MN, Lynd NA. Synthesis of Poly(allyl glycidyl ether)-Derived Polyampholytes and Their Application to the Cryopreservation of Living Cells. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:1475-1482. [PMID: 36780271 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Through the postpolymerization modification of poly(allyl glycidyl ether) (PAGE), a functionalizable polyether with a poly(ethylene oxide) backbone, we engineered a new class of highly tunable polyampholyte materials. These polyampholytes can be synthesized to have several useful properties, including low cytotoxicity and pH-responsive coacervate formation. In this study, we used PAGE-based polyampholytes (PAGE-PAs) for the cryopreservation of mammalian cell suspensions. Typically, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is the cryoprotectant used for preserving mammalian cells, but DMSO suffers from key drawbacks including toxicity and difficult post-thaw removal that motivates the development of new materials and methods. Toxicity and post-thaw survival were dependent on PAGE-PA composition with the highest immediate post-thaw survival for normal human dermal fibroblasts occurring for the least toxic PAGE-PA at a cation/anion ratio of 35:65. With low toxicity, the PAGE-PA concentration could be increased in order to increase immediate post-thaw survival of the immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblasts (NIH/3T3). While immediate post-thaw viability was achieved using only the PAGE-PAs, long-term cell survival was low, highlighting the challenges involved with the design of cryoprotective polyampholytes. An environment utilizing both PAGE-PAs and DMSO in a cryoprotective solution offered promising post-thaw viabilities exceeding 70%, with long-term metabolic activities comparable to unfrozen cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron A Burkey
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Neda Ghousifam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Alexander V Hillsley
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Zachary W Brotherton
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Mahboobeh Rezaeeyazdi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Taylor A Hatridge
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Dale T Harris
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - William W Sprague
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Brittany E Sandoval
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Adrianne M Rosales
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Center for Dynamics and Control of Materials, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Marissa Nichole Rylander
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Nathaniel A Lynd
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Center for Dynamics and Control of Materials, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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4
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Varghese M, Grinstaff MW. Beyond nylon 6: polyamides via ring opening polymerization of designer lactam monomers for biomedical applications. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:8258-8275. [PMID: 36047318 PMCID: PMC9856205 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00930c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Ring opening polymerization (ROP) of lactams is a highly efficient and versatile method to synthesize polyamides. Within the last ten years, significant advances in polymerization methodology and monomer diversity are ushering in a new era of polyamide chemistry. We begin with a discussion of polymerization techniques including the most widely used anionic ring opening polymerization (AROP), and less prevalent cationic ROP and enzyme-catalyzed ROP. Next, we describe new monomers being explored for ROP with increased functionality and stereochemistry. We emphasize the relationships between composition, structure, and properties, and how chemists can control composition and structure to dictate a desired property or performance. Finally, we discuss biomedical applications of the synthesized polyamides, specifically as biomaterials and pharmaceuticals, with examples to include as antimicrobial agents, cell adhesion substrates, and drug delivery scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Varghese
- Departments of Chemistry and Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Mark W Grinstaff
- Departments of Chemistry and Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
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5
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Abstract
Cryopreservation of cells and biologics underpins all biomedical research from routine sample storage to emerging cell-based therapies, as well as ensuring cell banks provide authenticated, stable and consistent cell products. This field began with the discovery and wide adoption of glycerol and dimethyl sulfoxide as cryoprotectants over 60 years ago, but these tools do not work for all cells and are not ideal for all workflows. In this Review, we highlight and critically review the approaches to discover, and apply, new chemical tools for cryopreservation. We summarize the key (and complex) damage pathways during cellular cryopreservation and how each can be addressed. Bio-inspired approaches, such as those based on extremophiles, are also discussed. We describe both small-molecule-based and macromolecular-based strategies, including ice binders, ice nucleators, ice nucleation inhibitors and emerging materials whose exact mechanism has yet to be understood. Finally, looking towards the future of the field, the application of bottom-up molecular modelling, library-based discovery approaches and materials science tools, which are set to transform cryopreservation strategies, are also included.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew I. Gibson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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6
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Park JK, Patel M, Piao Z, Park SJ, Jeong B. Size and Shape Control of Ice Crystals by Amphiphilic Block Copolymers and Their Implication in the Cryoprotection of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:33969-33980. [PMID: 34275265 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c09933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Precise control over the size and shape of ice crystals is a key factor to consider in designing antifreezing and cryoprotecting molecules for cryopreservation of cells. Here, we report that a poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(l-alanine) (PEG-PA) block copolymer exhibits excellent cryoprotecting properties for stem cells and antifreezing properties for water. As the molecular weight of PA increased from 500, 760, and 1750 Da (P1, P2, and P3) at the same PEG molecular weight of 5000 Da, the β-sheet content decreased and α-helix content increased. Comparing P2 (PEG-PA; 5000-760) and P4 (PEG-PA: 1000-750), β-sheets increased as the PEG block length decreased. The critical micelle concentration of the PEG-PA block copolymers was in a range of 0.5-3.0 mg/mL and was proportional to the hydrophobicity of the PEG-PA block copolymers. The P1, P2, and P3 self-assembled into spherical micelles, whereas P4 formed micelles with cylindrical morphology. The difference in the block copolymer structure affected ice recrystallization inhibition (IRI) activity and cryopreservation of cells. IRI activity was assayed via mean largest grain size (MLGS), and interactions between polymers and ice crystal surfaces were studied by dynamic ice-shaping studies. The MLGS decreased to 58 → 53 → 45 → 35 → 23% of that of PBS, as the polymer (PEG-PA 5000-500) concentration increased from 0.0 (PBS; control) → 1.0 → 5.0 → 10 → 30 → 50 mg/mL. The MLGS of PEG 5k solutions (negative control) decreased to 74 → 71 → 64 → 44 → 37% of that of PBS in the same concentration range. P3 and P4 with a longer hydrophobic PA block developed elongated ice crystals at above 30 mg/mL. The dynamic ice-shaping study exhibited that ice crystals became needle-shaped, as the hydrophobicity of the polymer increased as in P2-P4. The cell recovery in the P1 system after cryopreservation at -196 °C for 7 days was 87% of that of the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) 10% system (positive control). The cell recovery was 48% for the P2 system and drastically decreased to less than 30% of that of the DMSO 10% system in the P3, P4, PEG 5k, PEG 1k, PVA 80H, and PVA 100H systems. Current studies suggest that IRI activity, round ice crystal shaping, and membrane stabilization activity of P1 cooperatively provide excellent cell recovery among the candidate systems. Recovered stem cells exhibited excellent proliferation and multilineage differentiation into osteocytes, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. To conclude, the PEG-PA (5000-500) block copolymer is suggested to be a promising antifreezing cryoprotectant for stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Kyung Park
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Madhumita Patel
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Zhengyu Piao
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - So-Jung Park
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byeongmoon Jeong
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea
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7
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Huang J, Guo J, Zhou L, Zheng G, Cao J, Li Z, Zhou Z, Lei Q, Brinker CJ, Zhu W. Advanced Nanomaterials-Assisted Cell Cryopreservation: A Mini Review. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:2996-3014. [PMID: 35014388 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cell cryopreservation is of vital significance both for transporting and storing cells before experimental/clinical use. Cryoprotectants (CPAs) are necessary additives in the preserving medium in cryopreservation, preventing cells from freeze-thaw injuries. Traditional organic solvents have been widely used in cell cryopreservation for decades. Given the obvious damage to cells due to their undesirable cytotoxicity and the burdensome post-thaw washing cycles before use, traditional CPAs are more and more likely to be replaced by modern ones with lower toxicity, less processing, and higher efficiency. As materials science thrives, nanomaterials are emerging to serve as potent vehicles for delivering nontoxic CPAs or inherent CPAs comparable to or even superior to conventional ones. This review will introduce some advanced nanomaterials (e.g., organic/inorganic nanoCPAs, nanodelivery systems) utilized for cell cryopreservation, providing broader insights into this developing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junda Huang
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jimin Guo
- Center for Micro-Engineered Materials, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, Molecular Medicine, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Liang Zhou
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Guansheng Zheng
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jiangfan Cao
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zeyu Li
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zhuang Zhou
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Qi Lei
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - C Jeffrey Brinker
- Center for Micro-Engineered Materials, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Wei Zhu
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
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8
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Liu L, Courtney KC, Huth SW, Rank LA, Weisblum B, Chapman ER, Gellman SH. Beyond Amphiphilic Balance: Changing Subunit Stereochemistry Alters the Pore-Forming Activity of Nylon-3 Polymers. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:3219-3230. [PMID: 33611913 PMCID: PMC7944571 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Amphiphilic nylon-3 polymers have been reported to mimic the biological activities of natural antimicrobial peptides, with high potency against bacteria and minimal toxicity toward eukaryotic cells. Amphiphilic balance, determined by the proportions of hydrophilic and lipophilic subunits, is considered one of the most important features for achieving this activity profile for nylon-3 polymers and many other antimicrobial polymers. Insufficient hydrophobicity often correlates with weak activities against bacteria, whereas excessive hydrophobicity correlates with high toxicity toward eukaryotic cells. To ask whether factors beyond amphiphilic balance influence polymer activities, we synthesized and evaluated new nylon-3 polymers with two stereoisomeric subunits, each bearing an ethyl side chain and an aminomethyl side chain. Subunits that differ only in stereochemistry are predicted to contribute equally to amphiphilic balance, but we observed that the stereochemical difference correlates with significant changes in biological activity profile. Antibacterial activities were not strongly affected by subunit stereochemistry, but the ability to disrupt eukaryotic cell membranes varied considerably. Experiments with planar lipid bilayers and synthetic liposomes suggested that eukaryotic membrane disruption results from polymer-mediated formation of large pores. Collectively, our results suggest that factors other than amphiphilic balance influence the membrane activity profile of synthetic polymers. Subunits that differ in stereochemistry are likely to have distinct conformational propensities, which could potentially lead to differences in the average shapes of polymer chains, even when the subunits are heterochiral. These findings highlight a dimension of polymer design that should be considered more broadly in efforts to improve specificity and efficacy of antimicrobial polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Kevin C. Courtney
- Department
of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Howard
Hughes Medical Institute, University of
Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Sean W. Huth
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Leslie A. Rank
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Bernard Weisblum
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Edwin R. Chapman
- Department
of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Howard
Hughes Medical Institute, University of
Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Samuel H. Gellman
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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9
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Ampaw AA, Sibthorpe A, Ben RN. Use of Ice Recrystallization Inhibition Assays to Screen for Compounds That Inhibit Ice Recrystallization. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2180:271-283. [PMID: 32797415 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0783-1_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ice recrystallization inhibition assays are used to screen for compounds that possess the ability to inhibit ice recrystallization. The most common of these assays are the splat cooling assay (SCA) and sucrose sandwich assay (SSA). These two assays possess similarities; however, they vary in their sample size, cooling rate, and the solution used to dissolve the analyte. In this chapter, both assay methods are described in detail, and we perform a direct comparison of the assays by evaluating the IRI activity of an antifreeze protein (AFP I). IRI activity is quantified by using ImageJ software to analyze ice crystals, and a quantitative value describing the efficiency of the inhibitor is generated. This analysis emphasizes the importance of choosing the right assay to measure IRI activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A Ampaw
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - August Sibthorpe
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Robert N Ben
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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10
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Zhou M, Xiao X, Cong Z, Wu Y, Zhang W, Ma P, Chen S, Zhang H, Zhang D, Zhang D, Luan X, Mai Y, Liu R. Water‐Insensitive Synthesis of Poly‐β‐Peptides with Defined Architecture. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202001697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Ximian Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Zihao Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Yueming Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Pengcheng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Sheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Haodong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Danfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Donghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Xiangfeng Luan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Yiyong Mai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Runhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
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11
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Zhou M, Xiao X, Cong Z, Wu Y, Zhang W, Ma P, Chen S, Zhang H, Zhang D, Zhang D, Luan X, Mai Y, Liu R. Water‐Insensitive Synthesis of Poly‐β‐Peptides with Defined Architecture. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:7240-7244. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202001697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Ximian Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Zihao Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Yueming Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Pengcheng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Sheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Haodong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Danfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Donghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Xiangfeng Luan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Yiyong Mai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Runhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
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12
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Li T, Zhao Y, Zhong Q, Wu T. Inhibiting Ice Recrystallization by Nanocelluloses. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:1667-1674. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Teng Li
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee, 2510 River Drive, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee, 2510 River Drive, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Glycomics and
Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qixin Zhong
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee, 2510 River Drive, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee, 2510 River Drive, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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13
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Designing the next generation of cryoprotectants - From proteins to small molecules. Pept Sci (Hoboken) 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pep2.24086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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14
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Burkey AA, Riley CL, Wang LK, Hatridge TA, Lynd NA. Understanding Poly(vinyl alcohol)-Mediated Ice Recrystallization Inhibition through Ice Adsorption Measurement and pH Effects. Biomacromolecules 2017; 19:248-255. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b01502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron A. Burkey
- McKetta Department
of Chemical Engineering and ‡Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Christopher L. Riley
- McKetta Department
of Chemical Engineering and ‡Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Lyndsey K. Wang
- McKetta Department
of Chemical Engineering and ‡Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Taylor A. Hatridge
- McKetta Department
of Chemical Engineering and ‡Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Nathaniel A. Lynd
- McKetta Department
of Chemical Engineering and ‡Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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15
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Vail NS, Stubbs C, Biggs CI, Gibson MI. Ultra-Low Dispersity Poly(vinyl alcohol) Reveals Significant Dispersity Effects on Ice Recrystallization Inhibition Activity. ACS Macro Lett 2017; 6:1001-1004. [PMID: 29226026 PMCID: PMC5718289 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.7b00595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Polymer mimics of antifreeze proteins are emerging as an exciting class of macromolecular cryoprotectants for the storage of donor cells and tissue. Poly(vinyl alcohol), PVA, is the most potent polymeric ice growth inhibitor known, but its mode of action and the impact of valency (DP) are not fully understood. Herein, tandem RAFT polymerization and column chromatography are used to isolate oligomers with dispersities <1.01 to enable the effect of molecular weight distribution, as well as length, to be probed. It is found that polymers with equal number average molecular weight, but lower dispersity, have significantly less activity, which can lead to false positives when identifying structure-property relationships. The minimum chain length for PVA's unique activity, compared to other non-active poly-ols was identified. These results will guide the design of more active inhibitors, better cryopreservatives and a deeper understanding of synthetic and biological antifreeze macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas S. Vail
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Christopher Stubbs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Caroline I. Biggs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Matthew I. Gibson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV47AL, UK
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