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Rossi D, Wu Y, Dong Y, Paradkar R, Chen X, Kuo TC, Chen Z. Correlations between adhesion and molecular interactions at buried interfaces of model polymer systems and in commercial multilayer barrier films. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:124710. [PMID: 39324534 DOI: 10.1063/5.0232449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy (SFG) was applied to characterize the interfacial adhesion chemistry at several buried polymer interfaces in both model systems and blown multilayer films. Anhydride/acid modified polyolefins are used as tie layers to bond dissimilar polymers in multilayer barrier structures. In these films, the interfacial reactions between the barrier polymers, such as ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) or nylon, and the grafted anhydrides/acids provide covalent linkages that enhance adhesion. However, the bonding strengths vary for different polymer-tie layer combinations. Here, using SFG, we aim to provide a systematic study on four common polymer-tie interfaces, including EVOH/polypropylene-tie, EVOH/polyethylene-tie, nylon/polypropylene-tie, and nylon/polyethylene-tie, to understand how the adhesion chemistry varies and its impact on the measured adhesion. Our SFG studies suggest that adhesion enhancement is driven by a combination of reaction kinetics and the interfacial enrichment of the anhydride/acid, resulting in stronger adhesion in the case of nylon. This observation matches well with the higher adhesion observed in the nylon/tie systems in both lap shear and peel test measurements. In addition, in the polypropylene-tie systems, grafted oligomers due to chain scission may migrate to the interface, affecting the adhesion. These by-products can react or interfere with the barrier-tie chemistry, resulting in reduced adhesion strength in the polypropylene-tie system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Rossi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Yuchen Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Yifan Dong
- Packaging and Specialty Plastics, The Dow Chemical Company, Lake Jackson, Texas 77566, USA
| | - Rajesh Paradkar
- Packaging and Specialty Plastics, The Dow Chemical Company, Lake Jackson, Texas 77566, USA
| | - Xiaoyun Chen
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48674, USA
| | - Tzu-Chi Kuo
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48674, USA
| | - Zhan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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2
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Labrague G, Gomez F, Chen Z. Characterization of Buried Interfaces of Silicone Materials in Situ to Understand Their Fouling-Release, Antifouling, and Adhesion Properties. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:9345-9361. [PMID: 38669686 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) has numerous excellent properties and is extensively used as the main component of many silicone products in a variety of research fields and practical applications such as biomedical materials, aviation, construction, electronic devices, and automobiles. Interfacial structures of PDMS and other components in silicone systems are important for such research and applications. It is difficult to probe interfacial molecular structures of buried solid-liquid and solid-solid interfaces of silicone materials due to the lack of appropriate analytical tools. In this feature article, we presented our research on elucidating the molecular structures of PDMS as well as other additives in silicone samples at buried interfaces in situ at the molecular level using a nonlinear optical spectroscopic technique, sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy. SFG was applied to study various PDMS surfaces in liquid environments to understand their fouling-release and antifouling activities. SFG has also been used to study buried solid-solid interfaces between silicone adhesives and polymers, elucidating the molecular adhesion mechanisms. Our SFG studies provide important knowledge on interfacial structure-function relationships of silicone materials, helping the design and development of silicone materials with improved properties through optimization of silicone interfacial structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gladwin Labrague
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Fernando Gomez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Zhan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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3
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Lin T, Wu Y, Santos E, Chen X, Gubbels F, Shephard N, Mohler C, Ahn D, Kuo TC, Chen Z. Elucidating the Changes in Molecular Structure at the Buried Interface of RTV Silicone Elastomers during Curing. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:5968-5977. [PMID: 38441876 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Silicone elastomers are widely used in many industrial applications, including coatings, adhesives, and sealants. Room-temperature vulcanized (RTV) silicone, a major subcategory of silicone elastomers, undergoes molecular structural transformations during condensation curing, which affect their mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties. The role of reactive hydroxyl (-OH) groups in the curing reaction of RTV silicone is crucial but not well understood, particularly when multiple sources of hydroxyl groups are present in a formulated product. This work aims to elucidate the interfacial molecular structural changes and origins of interfacial reactive hydroxyl groups in RTV silicone during curing, focusing on the methoxy groups at interfaces and their relationship to adhesion. Sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy is an in situ nondestructive technique used in this study to investigate the interfacial molecular structure of select RTV formulations at the buried interface at different levels of cure. The primary sources of hydroxyl groups required for interfacial reactions in the initial curing stage are found to be those on the substrate surface rather than those from the ingress of ambient moisture. The silylation treatment of silica substrates eliminates interfacial hydroxyl groups, which greatly impact the silicone interfacial behavior and properties (e.g., adhesion). This study establishes the correlation between interfacial molecular structural changes in RTV silicones and their effect on adhesion strength. It also highlights the power of SFG spectroscopy as a unique tool for studying chemical and structural changes at RTV silicone/substrate interface in situ and in real time during curing. This work provides valuable insights into the interfacial chemistry of RTV silicone and its implications for material performance and application development, aiding in the development of improved silicone adhesives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elizabeth Santos
- Dow Performance Silicones, Auburn, Michigan 48611, United States
| | - Xiaoyun Chen
- Core R&D, Dow Chemical, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Frederic Gubbels
- Dow Silicones Belgium sprl, Parc Industriel Zone C, rue Jules Bordet, B-7180 Seneffe, Belgium
| | - Nick Shephard
- Dow Performance Silicones, Auburn, Michigan 48611, United States
| | - Carol Mohler
- Core R&D, Dow Chemical, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Dongchan Ahn
- Dow Performance Silicones, Auburn, Michigan 48611, United States
| | - Tzu-Chi Kuo
- Core R&D, Dow Chemical, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
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Kawaguchi D, Sasahara K, Inutsuka M, Abe T, Yamamoto S, Tanaka K. Absolute local conformation of poly(methyl methacrylate) chains adsorbed on a quartz surface. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:244902. [PMID: 38146829 DOI: 10.1063/5.0184315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymer chains at a buried interface with an inorganic solid play a critical role in the performance of polymer nanocomposites and adhesives. Sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy with a sub-nanometer depth resolution provides valuable information regarding the orientation angle of functional groups at interfaces. However, in the case of conventional SFG, since the signal intensity is proportional to the square of the second-order nonlinear optical susceptibility and thereby loses phase information, it cannot be unambiguously determined whether the functional groups face upward or downward. This problem can be solved by phase-sensitive SFG (ps-SFG). We here applied ps-SFG to poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) chains in direct contact with a quartz surface, shedding light on the local conformation of chains adsorbed onto the solid surface. The measurements made it possible to determine the absolute orientation of the ester methyl groups of PMMA, which were oriented toward the quartz interface. Combining ps-SFG with all-atomistic molecular dynamics simulation, the distribution of the local conformation and the driving force are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Kawaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Center for Polymer Interface and Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kazuki Sasahara
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Manabu Inutsuka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Tatsuki Abe
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Satoru Yamamoto
- Center for Polymer Interface and Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Keiji Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Center for Polymer Interface and Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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5
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Wu Y, Wang T, Fay JDB, Zhang L, Hirth S, Hankett J, Chen Z. Silane Effects on Adhesion Enhancement of 2K Polyurethane Adhesives. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:19016-19026. [PMID: 38085956 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
With excellent properties such as great flexibility, outstanding chemical resistance, and superb mechanical strength, two-part polyurethane (2K PU) adhesives have been widely applied in many applications, including those in transportation and construction. Despite the extensive use, their adhesion to nonpolar polymer substrates still needs to be improved and has been widely studied. The incorporation of silane molecules and the use of plasma treatment on substrate surfaces are two popular methods to increase the adhesion of 2K PU adhesives, but their detailed adhesion enhancement mechanisms are still largely unknown. In this research, sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy was used to probe the influence of added or coated silanes on the interfacial structure at the buried polypropylene (PP)/2K PU adhesive interface in situ. How plasma treatment on PP could improve adhesion was also investigated. To achieve maximum adhesion, two methods to involve silanes were studied. In the first method, silanes were directly mixed with the 2K PU adhesive before use. In the second method, silane molecules were spin-coated onto the PP substrate before the PU adhesive applied. It was found that the first method could not improve the 2K PU adhesion to PP, while the second method could substantially enhance such adhesion. SFG studies demonstrated that with the second method silane molecules chemically reacted at the interface to connect PP and 2K PU adhesive to improve the adhesion. With the first method, silane molecules could not effectively diffuse to the interface to enhance adhesion. In this research, plasma treatment was also found to be a useful method to improve the adhesion of the 2K PU adhesive to nonpolar polymer materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Tianle Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Jonathan D B Fay
- BASF Corporation, 1609 Biddle Avenue, Wyandotte, Michigan 48192, United States
| | - Lu Zhang
- BASF Corporation, 1609 Biddle Avenue, Wyandotte, Michigan 48192, United States
| | - Sabine Hirth
- Material Physics and Analytics - B007, BASF SE, Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38, 67056 Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Jeanne Hankett
- BASF Corporation, 1609 Biddle Avenue, Wyandotte, Michigan 48192, United States
| | - Zhan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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Gao J, Khan MR, Wu Y, Hawker DD, Gutowski KE, Konradi R, Mayr L, Hankett JM, Kellermeier M, Chen Z. Probing Interfacial Behavior and Antifouling Activity of Adsorbed Copolymers at Solid/Liquid Interfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:4557-4570. [PMID: 36947877 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c03056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Polymers containing poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) units can exhibit excellent antifouling properties, which have been proposed/used for coating of biomedical implants, separation membranes, and structures in marine environments, as well as active ingredients in detergent formulations to avoid soil redepositioning in textile laundry. This study aimed to elucidate the molecular behavior of a copolymer poly(MMA-co-MPEGMA) containing antiadhesive PEG side chains and a backbone of poly(methyl methacrylate), at a buried polymer/solution interface. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was used as a substrate to model polyester textile surfaces. Sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy was applied to examine the interfacial behavior of the copolymer at PET/solution interfaces in situ and in real time. Complementarily, copolymer adsorption on PET and subsequent antiadhesion against protein foulants were probed by quartz-crystal microbalance experiments with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). Both applied techniques show that poly(MMA-co-MPEGMA) adsorbs significantly to the PET/solution interface at bulk polymer solution concentrations as low as 2 ppm, while saturation of the surface was reached at 20 ppm. The hydrophobic MMA segments provide an anchor for the copolymer to bind onto PET in an ordered way, while the pendant PEG segments are more disordered but contain ordered interfacial water. In the presence of considerable amounts of dissolved surfactants, poly(MMA-co-MPEGMA) could still effectively adsorb on the PET surface and remained stable at the surface upon washing with hot and cold water or surfactant solution. In addition, it was found that adsorbed poly(MMA-co-MPEGMA) provided the PET surface with antiadhesive properties and could prevent protein deposition, highlighting the superior surface affinity and antifouling performance of the copolymer. The results obtained in this work demonstrate that amphiphilic copolymers containing PMMA anchors and PEG side chains can be used in detergent formulations to modify polyester surfaces during laundry and reduce deposition of proteins (and likely also other soils) on the textile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng Gao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Md Rubel Khan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Yuchen Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Dustin D Hawker
- BASF Corporation, 1609 Biddle Avenue, Wyandotte, Michigan 48192, United States
| | - Keith E Gutowski
- BASF Corporation, 1609 Biddle Avenue, Wyandotte, Michigan 48192, United States
| | - Rupert Konradi
- Biointerfaces & Delivery Systems, BASF SE, Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38, Ludwigshafen D-67056, Germany
| | - Lukas Mayr
- Material Physics, BASF SE, RAA/OS - B007, Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38, Ludwigshafen D-67056, Germany
| | - Jeanne M Hankett
- BASF Corporation, 1609 Biddle Avenue, Wyandotte, Michigan 48192, United States
| | - Matthias Kellermeier
- Material Physics, BASF SE, RAA/OS - B007, Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38, Ludwigshafen D-67056, Germany
| | - Zhan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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Wu Y, Wang T, Gao J, Zhang L, Fay JDB, Hirth S, Hankett J, Chen Z. Molecular Behavior of 1K Polyurethane Adhesive at Buried Interfaces: Plasma Treatment, Annealing, and Adhesion. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:3273-3285. [PMID: 36808974 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c03084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
One-part (1K) polyurethane (PU) adhesive has excellent bulk strength and environmental resistance. It is therefore widely used in many fields, such as construction, transportation, and flexible lamination. However, when contacting non-polar polymer materials, the poor adhesion of 1K PU adhesive may not be able to support its outdoor applications. To solve this problem, plasma treatment of the non-polar polymer surface has been utilized to improve adhesion between the polymer and 1K PU adhesive. The detailed mechanisms of adhesion enhancement of the 1K PU adhesive caused by plasma treatment on polymer substrates have not been studied extensively because adhesion is a property of buried interfaces which are difficult to probe. In this study, sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy was used to investigate the buried PU/polypropylene (PP) interfaces in situ nondestructively. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, the X-ray diffraction technique, and adhesion tests were used as supplemental methods to SFG in the study. The 1K PU adhesive is a moisture-curing adhesive and usually needs several days to be fully cured. Here, time-dependent SFG experiments were conducted to monitor the molecular behaviors at the buried 1K PU adhesive/PP interfaces during the curing process. It was found that the PU adhesives underwent rearrangement during the curing process with functional groups gradually becoming ordered at the interface. Stronger adhesion between the plasma-treated PP substrate and the 1K PU adhesive was observed, which was achieved by the interfacial chemical reactions and a more rigid interface. Annealing the samples increased the reaction speed and enhanced the bulk PU strength with higher crystallinity. In this research, molecular mechanisms of adhesion enhancement of the 1K PU adhesive caused by the plasma treatment on PP and by annealing the PU/PP samples were elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Tianle Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Jinpeng Gao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Lu Zhang
- BASF Corporation, 1609 Biddle Avenue, Wyandotte, Michigan 48192, United States
| | - Jonathan D B Fay
- BASF Corporation, 1609 Biddle Avenue, Wyandotte, Michigan 48192, United States
| | - Sabine Hirth
- BASF SE, RAA/OS-B007, Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38, 67056 Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Jeanne Hankett
- BASF Corporation, 1609 Biddle Avenue, Wyandotte, Michigan 48192, United States
| | - Zhan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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Uchida K, Mita K, Yamamoto S, Tanaka K. Conformational relaxation of ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer at a solid interface. Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-023-00764-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
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9
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Improvement of polymer adhesion by designing the interface layer. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Yamaguchi K, Kawaguchi D, Miyata N, Miyazaki T, Aoki H, Yamamoto S, Tanaka K. Kinetics of the interfacial curing reaction for an epoxy-amine mixture. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:21578-21582. [PMID: 36093898 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03394a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A better understanding of the chemical reaction between epoxy and amine compounds at a solid interface is crucial for the design and fabrication of materials with appropriate adhesive strength. Here, we examined the curing reaction kinetics of epoxy phenol novolac and 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone at the outermost interface using sum-frequency generation spectroscopy, and X-ray and neutron reflectivity in conjunction with a full atomistic molecular dynamics simulation. The reaction rate constant was much larger at the quartz interface than in the bulk. While the apparent activation energy at the quartz interface obtained from an Arrhenius plot was almost identical to the bulk value, the frequency factor at the quartz interface was greater than that in the bulk. These results could be explained in terms of the densification and orientation of reactants at the interface, facilitating the encounter of the reactants present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko Yamaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Kawaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan. .,Center for Polymer Interface and Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Noboru Miyata
- Neutron Science and Technology Center, Comprehensive Research Organization for Science and Society, 162-1 Shirakata, Tokai, Naka, Ibaraki, 319-1106, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Miyazaki
- Neutron Science and Technology Center, Comprehensive Research Organization for Science and Society, 162-1 Shirakata, Tokai, Naka, Ibaraki, 319-1106, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Aoki
- Materials and Life Science Division, J-PARC Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1195, Japan.,Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 203-1 Shirakata, Tokai, Naka, Ibaraki, 319-1106, Japan
| | - Satoru Yamamoto
- Center for Polymer Interface and Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Keiji Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan. .,Center for Polymer Interface and Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
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Andre JS, Grant J, Greyson E, Chen X, Tucker C, Drumright R, Mohler C, Chen Z. Molecular Interactions between Amino Silane Adhesion Promoter and Acrylic Polymer Adhesive at Buried Silica Interfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:6180-6190. [PMID: 35512318 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the influence of an amino silane (3-(2-aminoethylamino)-propyldimethoxymethylsilane, AEAPS) on the interfacial structure and adhesion of butyl acrylate/methyl methacrylate copolymers (BAMMAs) to silica was investigated by sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy (SFG). Small amounts of methacrylic acid, MAA, were included in the BAMMA polymerizations to assess the impact of carboxylic acid functionality on the glass interface. SFG was used to probe the O-H and C═O groups of incorporated MAA, ester C═O groups of BAMMA, and CH groups from all species at the silica interfaces. The addition of AEAPS resulted in a significant change in the molecular structure of the polymer at the buried interface with silica due to specific interactions between the BAMMA polymers and silane. SFG results were consistent with the formation of ionic bonds between the primary and secondary amines of the AEAPS tail group and the MAA component of the polymer, as evidenced by the loss of the MAA O-H and C═O signals at the interface. It is extensively reported in the literature that methoxy head groups of an amino silane chemically bind to the silanols of glass, leaving the amine groups available to react with various chemical functionalities. Our results are consistent with this scenario and support an adhesion promotion mechanism of amino silane with various aspects: (1) the ionic bond formation between the tail amine group and acid functionality on BAMMA, (2) the chemical coupling between the silane head group and glass, (3) migration of more ester C═O groups to the interface with order, and (4) disordering or reduced levels of CH groups at the interface. These results are important for better understanding of the mechanisms and effect of amino silanes on the adhesion between acrylate polymers and glass substrates in a variety of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Andre
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Joseph Grant
- Dow Coating Materials, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Eric Greyson
- Dow Coating Materials, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Xiaoyun Chen
- The Dow Chemical Company, Core R&D, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Christopher Tucker
- The Dow Chemical Company, Core R&D, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Ray Drumright
- Dow Coating Materials, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Carol Mohler
- The Dow Chemical Company, Core R&D, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Zhan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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Harada R, Kawaguchi D, Yamamoto S, Tanaka K. Change in local conformation of polymer chains at film surface attached to solid surface. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:3304-3307. [PMID: 35416198 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01833g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Adhesion is a molecular event where polymer chains contact with a material surface to form an interfacial layer. To obtain a better understanding of the adhesion on a molecular scale, we herein examined the conformational change of polystyrene (PS) chains at the film surface after contacting with hydrophobic or hydrophilic surfaces using sum-frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy. Chains altered their local conformations with a quartz surface more quickly than a hydrophobic alkyl-functionalized one. A full-atomistic molecular dynamics simulation showed that these results, which were coupled with the contact process of PS chains with the solid surface, could be explained in terms of the Coulomb interaction between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rei Harada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kawaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Center for Polymer Interface and Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Satoru Yamamoto
- Center for Polymer Interface and Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Keiji Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Center for Polymer Interface and Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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13
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Sum frequency generation imaging for semi-crystalline polymers. Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-021-00613-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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14
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Zhang S, Hsu L, Toolis A, Li B, Zhou J, Lin T, Chen Z. Investigation of the Atmospheric Moisture Effect on the Molecular Behavior of an Isocyanate-Based Primer Surface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:12705-12713. [PMID: 34668715 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A primer coating is engineered to facilitate compatibility between products like adhesives, sealants, and potting compounds and targeted substrates. Prolonged exposure of isocyanate-based primer surfaces to the environment is known to negatively affect the interfacial adhesion between itself and the products subsequently applied on top of it. However, the molecular behavior behind this observed phenomenon remained to be further investigated. In this study, sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy, a nonlinear optical spectroscopic technique, was applied to study the surface of an isocyanate-based primer exposed to different environments at the molecular level. Atmospheric moisture was considered to be a potential factor in impairing the adhesion performance of the primer, and thus, time- and humidity-dependent experiments were executed to monitor the molecular behavior at the primer surface using SFG. In addition, 180° peel testing experiments were conducted to measure the adhesion properties of primers after being exposed to the corresponding conditions to correlate to SFG results and establish a chemical structure-macroscopic performance relationship. This study on the changes at the primer surface in different environments with varied humidity levels as a function of time aims to provide an in-depth understanding of the moisture effect on isocyanate-based primers. These learnings may also be helpful toward exploring a broader range of coatings and surface layers and improving customer product use guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lorraine Hsu
- Coatings and Innovation Center, PPG, 4325 Rosanna Drive, Allison Park, Pennsylvania 15101, United States
| | - Amy Toolis
- Coatings and Innovation Center, PPG, 4325 Rosanna Drive, Allison Park, Pennsylvania 15101, United States
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15
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Kawaguchi D, Yamamoto K, Abe T, Jiang N, Koga T, Yamamoto S, Tanaka K. Local orientation of chains at crystal/amorphous interfaces buried in isotactic polypropylene thin films. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:23466-23472. [PMID: 34643197 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03959h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A better understanding of the aggregation states of polymer chains in thin films is of pivotal importance for developing thin film polymer devices in addition to its inherent scientific interest. Here we report the preferential orientation of the crystalline lamellae for isotactic polypropylene (iPP) in spin-coated films by grazing incidence of wide-angle X-ray diffraction in conjunction with sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy, which provides information on the local conformation of chains at crystal/amorphous interfaces buried in a thin film. The crystalline orientation of iPP, which formed cross-hatched lamellae induced by lamellar branching, altered from a mixture of edge-on and face-on mother lamellae to preferential face-on mother lamellae with decreasing thickness. The orientation of methyl groups at the crystal/amorphous interfaces in the interior region of the iPP films changed, accompanied by a change in the lamellar orientation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Kawaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan. .,Center for Polymer Interface and Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yamamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Tatsuki Abe
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Naisheng Jiang
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-2275, USA
| | - Tadanori Koga
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-2275, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - Satoru Yamamoto
- Center for Polymer Interface and Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Keiji Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan. .,Center for Polymer Interface and Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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16
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Relaxation behavior of polymer thin films: Effects of free surface, buried interface, and geometrical confinement. Prog Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2021.101431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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17
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Andre JS, Li B, Chen X, Paradkar R, Walther B, Feng C, Tucker C, Mohler C, Chen Z. Interfacial reaction of a maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin with ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer at the buried solid/solid interface. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.123141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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18
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Oda Y, Kawaguchi D, Morimitsu Y, Yamamoto S, Tanaka K. Direct observation of morphological transition for an adsorbed single polymer chain. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20914. [PMID: 33262397 PMCID: PMC7708982 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77761-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A better understanding of the structure of polymers at solid interfaces is crucial for designing various polymer nano-composite materials from structural materials to nanomaterials for use in industry. To this end, the first step is to obtain information on how synthetic polymer chains adsorb onto a solid surface. We closely followed the trajectory of a single polymer chain on the surface as a function of temperature using atomic force microscopy. Combining the results with a full-atomistic molecular dynamics simulation revealed that the chain became more rigid on the way to reaching a pseudo-equilibrium state, accompanied by a change in its local conformation from mainly loops to trains. This information will be useful for regulating the physical properties of polymers at the interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukari Oda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- Center for Polymer Interface and Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kawaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- Center for Polymer Interface and Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yuma Morimitsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Satoru Yamamoto
- Center for Polymer Interface and Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Keiji Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
- Center for Polymer Interface and Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
- International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
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19
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Li B, Andre JS, Chen X, Walther B, Paradkar R, Feng C, Tucker C, Mohler C, Chen Z. Probing Molecular Behavior of Carbonyl Groups at Buried Nylon/Polyolefin Interfaces in Situ. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:11349-11357. [PMID: 32870007 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nylon and maleic anhydride (MAH)-grafted polyolefin-based thin co-extruded multilayer films are widely used in packaging applications encountered in daily life. The molecular structure of the nylon/MAH-grafted polyolefin buried interface and molecular bonding between these two chemically dissimilar layers are thought to play an important role in achieving packaging structures with good adhesion. Here, the molecular bonds present at a nylon/maleic anhydride (MAH)-grafted polyethylene buried interface were systematically examined in situ for the first time using sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy. The carbonyl stretching frequency region of the SFG spectra of a nylon/MAH-grafted polyethylene buried interface showed the presence of hydrolyzed MAH groups grafted to the polyethylene chain and very low levels of unreacted MAH enriched at the buried interface. The ability of SFG to detect these molecular species at the buried interface yields important understanding of the interfacial molecular structure and provides the basis for subsequent in situ studies of the bonding reaction between the grafted MAH and nylon directly at the interface. This understanding may guide the design of multilayer films with improved properties such as enhanced adhesion between polymer layers. The approach used in this study is general and is applicable to study the molecular characteristics of other buried interfaces of significance, such as buried interfaces involving polymers in solar cells, polymer semiconductors, and batteries. Nylon impact modification is another area of interest where the interaction between the MAH-grafted elastomer and the continuous phase of nylon is important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolin Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - John S Andre
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Xiaoyun Chen
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Brian Walther
- Packaging and Specialty Plastics, The Dow Chemical Company, Lake Jackson, Texas 77541, United States
| | - Rajesh Paradkar
- Packaging and Specialty Plastics, The Dow Chemical Company, Lake Jackson, Texas 77541, United States
| | - Chuang Feng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Christopher Tucker
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Carol Mohler
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Zhan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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20
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Nguyen HK, Kawaguchi D, Tanaka K. Effect of Molecular Architecture on Conformational Relaxation of Polymer Chains at Interfaces. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 41:e2000096. [PMID: 32459031 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Dynamics of polymer chains near an interface with an inorganic material are believed to strongly affect the physical properties of polymers in nanocomposites and thin films. An effect of molecular architecture on the conformational relaxation behavior of polystyrene (PS) chains at the quartz interface using sum-frequency generation spectroscopy is reported here. The relaxation dynamics of chains in direct contact with the quartz interface is slower with a star-shaped architecture than that with its linear counterpart. The extent of the delay becomes more pronounced with increasing number of arms. This can be explained in terms of the superior interfacial activity to the quartz surface for the star-shaped PS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung K Nguyen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kawaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,Center for Polymer Interface and Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Keiji Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,Center for Polymer Interface and Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
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21
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Zhang K, Huang H, Hung HC, Leng C, Wei S, Crisci R, Jiang S, Chen Z. Strong Hydration at the Poly(ethylene glycol) Brush/Albumin Solution Interface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:2030-2036. [PMID: 32091913 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b03680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Albumin molecules are extensively used as biocompatible coatings, and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) materials are widely used for antifouling. PEG materials have excellent antifouling property because of their strong surface hydration. Our previous research indicates that hydration at the PEG/bovine serum albumin solution interface is stronger than that at the PEG/water interface. This research shows that this observation is general for different types of albumin molecules. Different albumins including bovine, porcine, rat, rabbit, and sheep serum albumins were studied in this research. It was found that the hydration at the PEG methacrylate (pOEGMA)/albumin solution interface is always stronger than that at the pOEGMA/water interface. Here, we define "strong interfacial hydration" as "ordered strongly hydrogen-bonded interfacial water". We believe that such a strong hydration is because of the strong hydration on the albumin surface, leading to its biocompatible property. All of the albumin molecules demonstrated stronger hydration on the pOEGMA surface compared to other protein molecules such as lysozyme and fibrinogen. The strong hydration on albumin molecules is related to the high surface coverage of glutamic acid and lysine with similar amounts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Hao Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Hsiang-Chieh Hung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Chuan Leng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Shuai Wei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Ralph Crisci
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Shaoyi Jiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Zhan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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22
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Mori H, Matubayasi N. Local viscoelasticity at resin-metal interface analyzed with spatial-decomposition formula for relaxation modulus. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:114904. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5109599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hodaka Mori
- DENSO Corporation, 1-1, Showa-cho, Kariya, Aichi 448-8661, Japan
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Matubayasi
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8520, Japan
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23
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Nguyen HK, Sugimoto S, Konomi A, Inutsuka M, Kawaguchi D, Tanaka K. Dynamics Gradient of Polymer Chains near a Solid Interface. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:1006-1011. [PMID: 35619492 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The relaxation dynamics of polyisoprene (PI) and nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) chains at the SiO2 interface were directly probed as a function of distance from the SiO2 surface using time-resolved evanescent wave-induced fluorescence anisotropy, dielectric relaxation spectroscopy, and sum-frequency generation spectroscopy. We found the presence of the dynamics gradient of chains in the interfacial region with the SiO2 surface and tried to assign it to the two kinds of adsorbed chains, namely, loosely and strongly adsorbed, at the interface. The segmental relaxation of chains in the strongly adsorbed layer at the interface could be slower than that of bulk chains by more than 10 orders.
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24
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Sugimoto S, Inutsuka M, Kawaguchi D, Tanaka K. The effect of interfacial dynamics on the bulk mechanical properties of rubber composites. Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-019-0254-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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25
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Inutsuka M, Haraguchi M, Ozawa M, Yamada NL, Tanaka K. Adhesion Control of Elastomer Sheet on the Basis of Interfacial Segregation of Hyperbranched Polymer. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:267-271. [PMID: 35650827 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.8b00971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Adhesion of a model rubbery material, cross-linked poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), onto a solid surface was studied by sum-frequency generation spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. To do so, here, we have focused on the adhesive deposit and insoluble layer. The former and latter were defined as the residual amount on the substrate after the peeling and residual layer after washing with a good solvent, respectively. The peel strength of a PDMS sheet adhered onto a glass plate increased with the contact time. Both adhesive deposit and insoluble layer also exhibited comparable contact time dependence. Once a hyperbranched polymer (HBP), which was segregated to the adhesive interface, was incorporated into PDMS, the peel strength and adhesive deposit decreased, although the thickness of the insoluble layer remained almost unchanged. These results suggest that the formation of loosely adsorbed chains on the solid surface, which possess not only trains but also many loop portions and tail parts, plays an important role in the macroscopic adhesion behavior of the PDMS sheet and the interfacial segregation of HBP can prevent it.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Masayuki Haraguchi
- Materials Research Laboratories, Nissan Chemical Corporation, Chiba 274-0052, Japan
| | - Masaaki Ozawa
- Materials Research Laboratories, Nissan Chemical Corporation, Chiba 274-0052, Japan
| | - Norifumi L. Yamada
- Neutron Science Division, Institute for Materials Structure Science, High Energy Acceleration Research Organization, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan
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26
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Yamamoto K, Kawaguchi D, Sasahara K, Inutsuka M, Yamamoto S, Uchida K, Mita K, Ogawa H, Takenaka M, Tanaka K. Aggregation States of Poly(4-methylpentene-1) at a Solid Interface. Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-018-0134-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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27
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Nguyen HK, Inutsuka M, Kawaguchi D, Tanaka K. Direct Observation of Conformational Relaxation of Polymer Chains at Surfaces. ACS Macro Lett 2018; 7:1198-1202. [PMID: 35651272 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.8b00411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sum-frequency generation spectroscopy was employed to follow the conformation evolution of polystyrene chains at the surface of a spin-coated film in a temperature-ramping mode as well as under isothermal annealing. The conformation of surface chains in an as-cast film was observed to be in a nonequilibrium state, in accordance with reported results for polymer chains in thin spin-coated films. While the relaxation of surface nonequilibrium chains was induced by the enhanced surface mobility, the whole chain motion such as reptation might be a key factor in determining the time scale for equilibrating the surface chain conformation.
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28
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Hong Y, Li Y, Wang F, Zuo B, Wang X, Zhang L, Kawaguchi D, Tanaka K. Enhanced Thermal Stability of Polystyrene by Interfacial Noncovalent Interactions. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongming Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yawei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Fengliang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Biao Zuo
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xinping Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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29
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Xiao M, Mohler C, Tucker C, Walther B, Lu X, Chen Z. Structures and Adhesion Properties at Polyethylene/Silica and Polyethylene/Nylon Interfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:6194-6204. [PMID: 29716190 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b00930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The molecular structures of buried interfaces of maleic anhydride grafted and ungrafted polyethylene films with silica and nylon surfaces were studied in situ using sum-frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy. Grafting maleic anhydride to polyethylene altered the molecular structures at buried interfaces, including changing the orientation of polymer methylene groups and resulting in the presence of C═O groups at silica interfaces. These molecular level changes are correlated with enhanced adhesion properties, with ordered C═O groups and in-plane orientation of the methylene groups associated with higher levels of adhesion. While improved adhesion was observed for grafted polyethylene at the nylon interface, no C═O groups were detected at the interface using SFG, for films thermally treated at 185 °C. In this case, either no C═O groups are present at the interface or they are disordered; the latter explanation is more likely, considering the observed improvement in adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyu Xiao
- Department of Chemistry , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
| | - Carol Mohler
- Core R&D-Formulation Science , The Dow Chemical Company , Midland , Michigan 48674 , United States
| | - Christopher Tucker
- Core R&D-Formulation Science , The Dow Chemical Company , Midland , Michigan 48674 , United States
| | - Brian Walther
- Packaging & Specialty Plastics TS&D F&SP , The Dow Chemical Company , Freeport , Texas 77541 , United States
| | - Xiaolin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering , Southeast University , Nanjing 210096 , China
| | - Zhan Chen
- Department of Chemistry , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
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30
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Zuo B, Inutsuka M, Kawaguchi D, Wang X, Tanaka K. Conformational Relaxation of Poly(styrene-co-butadiene) Chains at Substrate Interface in Spin-Coated and Solvent-Cast Films. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b02756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Biao Zuo
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology of Education Ministry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | | | | | - Xinping Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology of Education Ministry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
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