1
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Wang X, Lu J, Shi S, Li S, Guo H, Shi AC, Liu B. Well-Defined Homopolymer Nanoparticles with Uniaxial Molecular Orientation by Synchronized Polymerization and Self-Assembly. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:22661-22674. [PMID: 39099104 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c07261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Synthesizing anisotropic polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) with well-defined shapes, dimensions, and molecular orientations is a very challenging task. Herein, we report the synthesis of surprisingly highly uniform shape-anisotropic polymer NPs with uniaxial internal molecular orientation. Keys to our method are synchronized polymerization and self-assembly (SPSA), which can even be realized by regular dispersion polymerization. This is demonstrated using a monomer containing a rigid 4-nitroazobenzene (NAB) side group. The short nucleation period, the completion of microphase separation before molecular motion is frozen, and sufficient low particle/solvent interfacial tension are shown to be the origins of the highly uniform dimensions, single liquid crystal domains, and well-defined anisotropic shape of particles. The liquid crystallization ability of the polymers, control of molecular weight distribution, and the polymerization kinetics are identified as three key factors controlling the NP formation. The uniformity of these NPs facilitates their SA formation into colloidal crystals. The particles exhibit optically anisotropic properties depending on orientations and, in particular, show intriguing photoswitchable LC-glass (order-disorder) transition, which can be used for the detection of ultraviolet (UV) light and allows the fabrication of photoreversible colloidal films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiawei Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shang Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hongxia Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - An-Chang Shi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Bing Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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2
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Deng Z, Sun Y, Chen A. Light-Triggered Reversible Swelling of Azobenzene-Containing Block Copolymer Worms via Confined Deformation Prepared by Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024:e2400372. [PMID: 38885423 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive block copolymer nanoparticles (NPs) have received close attention in recent years owing to their tremendous application potential in smart materials. Azobenzene-containing NPs are widely studied due to the advantages of light as a stimulus and fast reversible trans-cis isomerization of azobenzene chromophores. However, the inefficient preparation process and difficult reversible transformation of morphologies limit their development. Herein it is demonstrated that the light-triggered reversible swelling behavior of wormlike NPs with high azobenzene content could be realized via confined deformation. These worms are prepared in large quantities via polymerization-induced self-assembly based on the copolymerization of 11-(4-(4-butylphenylazo)phenoxy)undecyl methacrylate (MAAz) and N-(methacryloxy)succinimide (NMAS) monomers. Upon UV/visible light irradiation, the reversible deformation of worms is achieved when the feed molar ratio of NMAS/MAAz is relatively high or via crosslinking using diamines, which leads to the reduction of the photoisomerization efficiency. The diameter variation of the worms is influenced by the amount and types of crosslinkers. Moreover, the scalability of this strategy is further proved by the fabrication of photo- and reductant-responsive crosslinked worms. It is expected that this study not only provides a new route to affording reversible photoresponsive NPs but also offers a unique insight into the reversible photodeformation mechanism of azobenzene-containing NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichao Deng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yalan Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Aihua Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
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3
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Serkhacheva NS, Prokopov NI, Lysenko EA, Kozhunova EY, Chernikova EV. Modern Trends in Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1408. [PMID: 38794601 PMCID: PMC11125046 DOI: 10.3390/polym16101408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) is a powerful and versatile technique for producing colloidal dispersions of block copolymer particles with desired morphologies. Currently, PISA can be carried out in various media, over a wide range of temperatures, and using different mechanisms. This method enables the production of biodegradable objects and particles with various functionalities and stimuli sensitivity. Consequently, PISA offers a broad spectrum of potential commercial applications. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the current state of rational synthesis of block copolymer particles with diverse morphologies using various PISA techniques and mechanisms. The discussion begins with an examination of the main thermodynamic, kinetic, and structural aspects of block copolymer micellization, followed by an exploration of the key principles of PISA in the formation of gradient and block copolymers. The review also delves into the main mechanisms of PISA implementation and the principles governing particle morphology. Finally, the potential future developments in PISA are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia S. Serkhacheva
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA—Russian Technological University, pr. Vernadskogo, 86, 119571 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Nickolay I. Prokopov
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA—Russian Technological University, pr. Vernadskogo, 86, 119571 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Evgenii A. Lysenko
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, bld. 3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.L.); (E.Y.K.)
| | - Elena Yu. Kozhunova
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, bld. 3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.L.); (E.Y.K.)
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, bld. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena V. Chernikova
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, bld. 3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.L.); (E.Y.K.)
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4
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Xu C, Zheng MX, Wei Y, Yuan JY. Liquid Crystalline Nanoparticles via Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly: Morphology Evolution and Function Regulation. Chemistry 2023:e202303586. [PMID: 38079233 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LC NPs) are a kind of polymer NPs with LC mesogens, which can form special anisotropic morphologies due to the influence of LC ordering. Owing to the stimuli-responsiveness of the LC blocks, LC NPs show abundant morphology evolution behaviors in response to external regulation. LC NPs have great application potential in nano-devices, drug delivery, special fibers and other fields. Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) method can synthesize LC NPs at high solid content, reducing the harsh demand for reaction solvent of the LC polymers, being a better choice for large-scale production. In this review, we introduced recent research progress of PISA-LC NPs by dividing them into several parts according to the LC mesogen, and discussed the improvement of experimental conditions and the potential application of these polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Xu
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Ming-Xin Zheng
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yen Wei
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jin-Ying Yuan
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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5
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Deng Z, Sun Y, Guan S, Chen A. Azobenzene-Containing Liquid Crystalline Twisted Ribbons via Polymerization-Induced Hierarchical Self-Assembly. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2300361. [PMID: 37534616 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Polymerization-induced self-assembly incorporating liquid crystallization, as a polymerization-induced hierarchical self-assembly (PIHSA) method to produce polymeric particles with anisotropic morphologies facilely and efficiently, has drawn wide attention recently. However, the means of regulating the morphologies of liquid crystalline (LC) polymer assemblies still need to be explored. Herein, a route is presented to fabricate the twisted ribbons via PIHSA containing azobenzene based on poor reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) control, called poorly controlled PIHSA. Cyano-4-(dodecylsulfanylthiocarbonyl)sulfanyl pentanoic acid-2-(2-pyridyldithio) ethyl ester is used as the RAFT agent with poor controllability, and the morphological evolution from ribbons to twisted ribbons can be observed in the corresponding PIHSA system. The formation mechanism of the twisted ribbons is studied systematically and the broad molecular weight distribution is considered to be the decisive factor. Moreover, the supramolecular chirality induced by symmetry breaking is also related to the twist of the ribbons. This study enriches the methods of controlling the morphologies of LC polymer particles and is helpful for further clarifying the mechanism of PIHSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichao Deng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yalan Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Song Guan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Aihua Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
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6
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Younis M, Ahmad S, Atiq A, Amjad Farooq M, Huang MH, Abbas M. Recent Progress in Azobenzene-Based Supramolecular Materials and Applications. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202300126. [PMID: 37435961 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Azobenzene-containing small molecules and polymers are functional photoswitchable molecules to form supramolecular nanomaterials for various applications. Recently, supramolecular nanomaterials have received enormous attention in material science because of their simple bottom-up synthesis approach, understandable mechanisms and structural features, and batch-to-batch reproducibility. Azobenzene is a light-responsive functional moiety in the molecular design of small molecules and polymers and is used to switch the photophysical properties of supramolecular nanomaterials. Herein, we review the latest literature on supramolecular nano- and micro-materials formed from azobenzene-containing small molecules and polymers through the combinatorial effect of weak molecular interactions. Different classes including complex coacervates, host-guest systems, co-assembled, and self-assembled supramolecular materials, where azobenzene is an essential moiety in small molecules, and photophysical properties are discussed. Afterward, azobenzene-containing polymers-based supramolecular photoresponsive materials formed through the host-guest approach, polymerization-induced self-assembly, and post-polymerization assembly techniques are highlighted. In addition to this, the applications of photoswitchable supramolecular materials in pH sensing, and CO2 capture are presented. In the end, the conclusion and future perspective of azobenzene-based supramolecular materials for molecular assembly design, and applications are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Younis
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Sadia Ahmad
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Atia Atiq
- Division of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, University of Education, 54770, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Amjad Farooq
- Department of Polymer Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P.R. China
| | - Mu-Hua Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Manzar Abbas
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box, 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Advanced Materials Chemistry Center (AMCC), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box, 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
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7
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Tian J, Xie SH, Borucu U, Lei S, Zhang Y, Manners I. High-resolution cryo-electron microscopy structure of block copolymer nanofibres with a crystalline core. NATURE MATERIALS 2023:10.1038/s41563-023-01559-4. [PMID: 37217702 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-023-01559-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Seeded growth of crystallizable block copolymers and π-stacking molecular amphiphiles in solution using living crystallization-driven self-assembly is an emerging route to fabricate uniform one-dimensional and two-dimensional core-shell micellar nanoparticles of controlled size with a range of potential applications. Although experimental evidence indicates that the crystalline core of these nanomaterials is highly ordered, a direct observation of their crystal lattice has not been successful. Here we report the high-resolution cryo-transmission electron microscopy studies of vitrified solutions of nanofibres made from a crystalline core of poly(ferrocenyldimethylsilane) (PFS) and a corona of polysiloxane grafted with 4-vinylpyridine groups. These studies show that poly(ferrocenyldimethylsilane) chains pack in an 8-nm-diameter core lattice with two-dimensional pseudo-hexagonal symmetry that is coated by a 27 nm 4-vinylpyridine corona with a 3.5 nm distance between each 4-vinylpyridine strand. We combine this structural information with a molecular modelling analysis to propose a detailed molecular model for solvated poly(ferrocenyldimethylsilane)-b-4-vinylpyridine nanofibres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Tian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Song-Hai Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ufuk Borucu
- GW4 Facility for High-Resolution Electron Cryo-Microscopy, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Shixing Lei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
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8
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Steroid-Based Liquid Crystalline Polymers: Responsive and Biocompatible Materials of the Future. CRYSTALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst12071000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Steroid-based liquid crystal polymers and co-polymers have come a long way, with new and significant advances being made every year. This paper reviews some of the recent key developments in steroid-based liquid crystal polymers and co-polymers. It covers the structure–property relationship between cholesterol and sterol-based compounds and their corresponding polymers, and the influence of chemical structure and synthesis conditions on the liquid crystalline behaviour. An overview of the nature of self-assembly of these materials in solvents and through polymerisation is given. The role of liquid crystalline properties in the applications of these materials, in the creation of nano-objects, drug delivery and biomedicine and photonic and electronic devices, is discussed.
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9
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Zheng M, Ye Q, Chen X, Zeng M, Song G, Zhang J, Yuan J. In situ generation and evolution of polymer toroids by liquid crystallization-assisted seeded dispersion polymerization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:6922-6925. [PMID: 35635333 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06709e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
An effective method is presented for preparing high solid content azobenzene-containing triblock copolymer toroidal assemblies by liquid crystallization-assisted seeded dispersion polymerization. Vesicles are prepared via polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA), and used as seeds for further chain extension. By introducing smectic liquid crystalline (LC) ordering into the core-forming block, toroids are formed in situ during the polymerization. The morphological transformation from toroids to barrels is observed under ultraviolet irradiation due to the photo-isomerization of the azobenzene mesogens. This strategy expands the scope of tunable anisotropic morphologies for potential functional nanomaterials based on a LC copolymer by seeded dispersion polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxin Zheng
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
| | - Qiquan Ye
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
| | - Xi Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710061, P. R. China
| | - Min Zeng
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
| | - Guangjie Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jun Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jinying Yuan
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
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10
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Wan J, Fan B, Thang SH. RAFT-mediated polymerization-induced self-assembly (RAFT-PISA): current status and future directions. Chem Sci 2022; 13:4192-4224. [PMID: 35509470 PMCID: PMC9006902 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00762b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) combines polymerization and self-assembly in a single step with distinct efficiency that has set it apart from the conventional solution self-assembly processes. PISA holds great promise for large-scale production, not only because of its efficient process for producing nano/micro-particles with high solid content, but also thanks to the facile control over the particle size and morphology. Since its invention, many research groups around the world have developed new and creative approaches to broaden the scope of PISA initiations, morphologies and applications, etc. The growing interest in PISA is certainly reflected in the increasing number of publications over the past few years, and in this review, we aim to summarize these recent advances in the emerging aspects of RAFT-mediated PISA. These include (1) non-thermal initiation processes, such as photo-, enzyme-, redox- and ultrasound-initiation; the achievements of (2) high-order structures, (3) hybrid materials and (4) stimuli-responsive nano-objects by design and adopting new monomers and new processes; (5) the efforts in the realization of upscale production by utilization of high throughput technologies, and finally the (6) applications of current PISA nano-objects in different fields and (7) its future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wan
- School of Chemistry, Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Bo Fan
- School of Chemistry, Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
| | - San H Thang
- School of Chemistry, Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
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11
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Shi B, Shen D, Li W, Wang G. Self-Assembly of Copolymers Containing Crystallizable Blocks: Strategies and Applications. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200071. [PMID: 35343014 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The self-assembly of copolymers containing crystallizable block in solution has received increasing attentions in the past few years. Various strategies including crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) and polymerization-induced CDSA (PI-CDSA) have been widely developed. Abundant self-assembly morphologies were captured and advanced applications have been attempted. In this review, the synthetic strategies including the mechanisms and characteristics are highlighted, the survey on the advanced applications of crystalline nano-assemblies are collected. This review is hoped to depict a comprehensive outline for self-assembly of copolymers containing crystallizable block in recent years and to prompt the development of the self-assembly technology in interdisciplinary field. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Ding Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Guowei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
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12
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Cheng X, Miao T, Ma Y, Zhang W. Chiral Expression and Morphology Control in Polymer Dispersion Systems. Chempluschem 2022; 87:e202100556. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202100556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Cheng
- Soochow University College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science CHINA
| | - Tengfei Miao
- Soochow University College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science CHINA
| | - Yafei Ma
- Soochow University College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science CHINA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Soochow University Department of Polymer Science and Engineering No.199 Renai Road 215123 Suzhou CHINA
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13
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Liu X, Moradi M, Bus T, Debije MG, Bon SAF, Heuts JPA, Schenning APHJ. Flower‐Like Colloidal Particles through Precipitation Polymerization of Redox‐Responsive Liquid Crystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202111521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Liu
- Stimuli-Responsive Functional Materials and Devices Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology Groene Loper 3 5612 AE Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology Groene Loper 3 5612 AE Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Mohammad‐Amin Moradi
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology Groene Loper 3 5612 AE Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology Groene Loper 3 5612 AE Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Tom Bus
- Stimuli-Responsive Functional Materials and Devices Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology Groene Loper 3 5612 AE Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology Groene Loper 3 5612 AE Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Michael G. Debije
- Stimuli-Responsive Functional Materials and Devices Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology Groene Loper 3 5612 AE Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Stefan A. F. Bon
- Department of Chemistry The University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Johan P. A. Heuts
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology Groene Loper 3 5612 AE Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Supramolecular Polymer Chemistry group Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology Groene Loper 3 5612 AE Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Albert P. H. J. Schenning
- Stimuli-Responsive Functional Materials and Devices Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology Groene Loper 3 5612 AE Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology Groene Loper 3 5612 AE Eindhoven The Netherlands
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14
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Zheng M, Yuan J. Polymeric nanostructures based on azobenzene and their biomedical applications: synthesis, self-assembly and stimuli-responsiveness. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 20:749-767. [PMID: 34908082 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01823j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Amphiphilic polymers can self-assemble to form nanoparticles with different structures under suitable conditions. Polymer nanoparticles functionalized with aromatic azo groups are endowed with photo-responsive properties. In recent years, a variety of photoresponsive polymers and nanoparticles have been developed based on azobenzene, using different molecular design strategies and synthetic routes. This article reviews the progress of this rapidly developing research field, focusing on the structure, synthesis, assembly and response of photo-responsive polymer assemblies. According to the molecular structure, photo-responsive polymers can be divided into linear polymers containing azobenzene in a side chain, linear polymers containing azobenzene in the main chain, linear polymers containing azobenzene in an end group, branched polymers containing azobenzene and supramolecular polymers containing azobenzene. These systems have broad biomedical application prospects in the field of drug delivery and imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxin Zheng
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Jinying Yuan
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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15
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Liu X, Moradi MA, Bus T, Debije MG, Bon SAF, Heuts JPA, Schenning APHJ. Flower-Like Colloidal Particles through Precipitation Polymerization of Redox-Responsive Liquid Crystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:27026-27030. [PMID: 34672077 PMCID: PMC9298913 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
We report on the synthesis of monodisperse, flower‐like, liquid crystalline (LC) polymer particles by precipitation polymerization of a LC mixture consisting of benzoic acid‐functionalized acrylates and disulfide‐functionalized diacrylates. Introduction of a minor amount of redox‐responsive disulfide‐functionalized diacrylates (≤10 wt %) induced the formation of flower‐like shapes. The shape of the particles can be tuned from flower‐ to disk‐like to spherical by elevating the polymerization temperature. The solvent environment also has a pronounced effect on the particle size. Time‐resolved TEM reveals that the final particle morphology was formed in the early stages of the polymerization and that subsequent polymerization resulted in continued particle growth without affecting the morphology. Finally, the degradation of the particles under reducing conditions was much faster for flower‐like particles than for spherical particles, likely a result of their higher surface‐to‐volume ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Liu
- Stimuli-Responsive Functional Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper 3, 5612 AE, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper 3, 5612 AE, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Mohammad-Amin Moradi
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper 3, 5612 AE, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper 3, 5612 AE, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Bus
- Stimuli-Responsive Functional Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper 3, 5612 AE, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper 3, 5612 AE, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Michael G Debije
- Stimuli-Responsive Functional Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper 3, 5612 AE, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan A F Bon
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Johan P A Heuts
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper 3, 5612 AE, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Supramolecular Polymer Chemistry group, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper 3, 5612 AE, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Albert P H J Schenning
- Stimuli-Responsive Functional Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper 3, 5612 AE, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper 3, 5612 AE, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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16
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Wan J, Fan B, Putera K, Kim J, Banaszak Holl MM, Thang SH. Polymerization-Induced Hierarchical Self-Assembly: From Monomer to Complex Colloidal Molecules and Beyond. ACS NANO 2021; 15:13721-13731. [PMID: 34375086 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c05089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The nanoscale hierarchical design that draws inspiration from nature's biomaterials allows the enhancement of material performance and enables multifarious applications. Self-assembly of block copolymers represents one of these artificial techniques that provide an elegant bottom-up strategy for the synthesis of soft colloidal hierarchies. Fast-growing polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) renders a one-step process for the polymer synthesis and in situ self-assembly at high concentrations. Nevertheless, it is exceedingly challenging for the fabrication of hierarchical colloids via aqueous PISA, simply because most monomers produce kinetically trapped spheres except for a few PISA-suitable monomers. We demonstrate here a sequential one-pot synthesis of hierarchically self-assembled polymer colloids with diverse morphologies via aqueous PISA that overcomes the limitation. Complex formation of water-immiscible monomers with cyclodextrin via "host-guest" inclusion, followed by sequential aqueous polymerization, provides a linear triblock terpolymer that can in situ self-assemble into hierarchical nanostructures. To access polymer colloids with different morphologies, three types of linear triblock terpolymers were synthesized through this methodology, which allows the preparation of AXn-type colloidal molecules (CMs), core-shell-corona micelles, and raspberry-like nanoparticles. Furthermore, the phase separations between polymer blocks in nanostructures were revealed by transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy-infrared spectroscopy. The proposed mechanism explained how the interfacial tensions and glass transition temperatures of the core-forming blocks affect the morphologies. Overall, this study provides a scalable method of the production of CMs and other hierarchical structures. It can be applied to different block copolymer formulations to enrich the complexity of morphology and enable diverse functions of nano-objects.
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17
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Wen W, Guan S, Yang Z, Chen A. Inverse Bicontinuous Structure by Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly Against Single-Chain Nanoparticles. ACS Macro Lett 2021; 10:603-608. [PMID: 35570775 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Polymer particles with inverse bicontinuous structures have attracted considerable attention due to their diverse applications. The conventional generation requires controlling numerous key parameters under strict conditions, such as solvent property, polymer composition, and architecture. In order to improve the preparation efficiency within a broad window, we employed a method by polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) against intramolecularly folded single-chain nanoparticles (SCNPs). The SCNPs bear an active site for further polymerization. The SCNPs with smaller sizes facilitate easier controlling of the packing parameter above unity to meet the requirement of the unique structures. The concept is demonstrated by forming the inverse bicontinuous structure through PISA in ethanol against two SCNPs of P4VP(SCNPx%)35-CTA and P(PEGMA20-co-TMSPMA4)(SCNP16.7%)-CTA. The unique structure is easily achieved when growing a relatively shorter polymer chain within a broad window. The work paves the avenue to prepare polymer particles with the unique structure in large scale, and other functional materials are expected by using the functional SCNPs or favorable growth of desired materials within the particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Song Guan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhenzhong Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Aihua Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
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18
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Chen Q, Li Y, Liu M, Wu X, Shen J, Shen L. Constructing helical nanowires via polymerization-induced self-assembly. RSC Adv 2021; 11:8986-8992. [PMID: 35423399 PMCID: PMC8695331 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00439e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
While reliable strategies for constructing block copolymer (BCP) nanowires have been developed, helical nanowires are rarely reported in polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA). Herein, in this work, a new strategy for constructing helical nanowires was developed via PISA mediated by a fluorinated stabilizer block. Ultralong nanowires with helical structure can be readily produced in a wide range of block compositions. In addition, the generality of this strategy was well testified by expanding monomer types. The achiral BCP nano-objects underwent a morphology transition from spheres to helical nanowires during aging. We believe this work will provide a general strategy for producing helical nanowires through PISA of achiral BCPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiumeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou 325027 PR China
| | - Yahui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou 325027 PR China
| | - Ming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou 325027 PR China
| | - Xuan Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Clinical Functional Materials and Diagnosis & Treatment Devices of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Xinsan Road, Longwan District Wenzhou 325001 PR China
| | - Jianliang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou 325027 PR China
- Engineering Research Center of Clinical Functional Materials and Diagnosis & Treatment Devices of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Xinsan Road, Longwan District Wenzhou 325001 PR China
| | - Liangliang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou 325027 PR China
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19
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MacFarlane L, Zhao C, Cai J, Qiu H, Manners I. Emerging applications for living crystallization-driven self-assembly. Chem Sci 2021; 12:4661-4682. [PMID: 34163727 PMCID: PMC8179577 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc06878k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of crystallization as a tool to control the self-assembly of polymeric and molecular amphiphiles in solution is attracting growing attention for the creation of non-spherical nanoparticles and more complex, hierarchical assemblies. In particular, the seeded growth method termed living crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) has been established as an ambient temperature and potentially scalable platform for the preparation of low dispersity samples of core-shell fiber-like or platelet micellar nanoparticles. Significantly, this method permits predictable control of size, and access to branched and segmented structures where functionality is spatially-defined. Living CDSA operates under kinetic control and shows many analogies with living chain-growth polymerizations of molecular organic monomers that afford well-defined covalent polymers of controlled length except that it covers a much longer length scale (ca. 20 nm to 10 μm). The method has been applied to a rapidly expanding range of crystallizable polymeric amphiphiles, which includes block copolymers and charge-capped homopolymers, to form assemblies with crystalline cores and solvated coronas. Living CDSA seeded growth methods have also been transposed to a wide variety of π-stacking and hydrogen-bonding molecular species that form supramolecular polymers in processes termed "living supramolecular polymerizations". In this article we outline the main features of the living CDSA method and then survey the promising emerging applications for the resulting nanoparticles in fields such as nanomedicine, colloid stabilization, catalysis, optoelectronics, information storage, and surface functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam MacFarlane
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria British Columbia Canada
| | - Chuanqi Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria British Columbia Canada
| | - Jiandong Cai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria British Columbia Canada
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Huibin Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria British Columbia Canada
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20
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Li Y, Lu Q, Chen Q, Wu X, Shen J, Shen L. Directional effect on the fusion of ellipsoidal morphologies into nanorods and nanotubes. RSC Adv 2021; 11:1729-1735. [PMID: 35424080 PMCID: PMC8693522 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09548f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Particle fusion is well-recognized as an important spontaneous process to produce higher-order nanostructures during morphology transition in polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA). However, to our knowledge, the directional contact, adhesion, and fusion of adjacent nanoparticles have been rarely elucidated in PISA. Herein, a directional fusion of ellipsoidal morphologies was demonstrated during PISA of semi-fluorinated liquid-crystalline (SFLC) block copolymers. The ellipsoidal nanostructures, including micelles and vesicles, preferred to undergo a directional fusion in a head-to-head model, leading to the formation of nanorods and nanotubes, respectively. We believe the directional fusion will offer insightful guidance in PISA to the preparation of complicated functional nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou 325027 PR China
| | - Qunzan Lu
- Engineering Research Center of Clinical Functional Materials and Diagnosis & Treatment Devices of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Xinsan Road, Longwan District Wenzhou 325001 PR China
| | - Qiumeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou 325027 PR China
| | - Xuan Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Clinical Functional Materials and Diagnosis & Treatment Devices of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Xinsan Road, Longwan District Wenzhou 325001 PR China
| | - Jianliang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou 325027 PR China
- Engineering Research Center of Clinical Functional Materials and Diagnosis & Treatment Devices of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Xinsan Road, Longwan District Wenzhou 325001 PR China
| | - Liangliang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou 325027 PR China
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21
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Wen W, Chen A. The self-assembly of single chain Janus nanoparticles from azobenzene-containing block copolymers and reversible photoinduced morphology transitions. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00223f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Azobenzene-containing liquid crystalline single chain Janus nanoparticles (LC-SCJNPs) were employed as building blocks to construct assemblies showing a reversible photoinduced morphology transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing 100191
- P. R. China
| | - Aihua Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing 100191
- P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering
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22
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Wen W, Chen A. Influence of single chain nanoparticle stabilizers on polymerization induced hierarchical self-assembly. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00145k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Intramolecularly folded single chain nanoparticles (SCNPs) with steric character are used as stabilizers to construct a polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) formulation for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing 100191
- P. R. China
| | - Aihua Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing 100191
- P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering
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23
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Li L, Li Y, Wang S, Ye L, Zhang W, Zhou N, Zhang Z, Zhu X. Morphological modulation of azobenzene-containing tubular polymersomes. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00099c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Several external factors influencing the formation and morphologic transition of tubular vesicles were carefully investigated, including the initial polymer concentration, solvent, temperature, water adding rate, and light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishan Li
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
| | - Yiwen Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- P. R. China
| | - Shuyuan Wang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
| | - Liandong Ye
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
| | - Wei Zhang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
| | - Nianchen Zhou
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
| | - Zhengbiao Zhang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
| | - Xiulin Zhu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
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24
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Wen W, Ouyang W, Guan S, Chen A. Synthesis of azobenzene-containing liquid crystalline block copolymer nanoparticles via polymerization induced hierarchical self-assembly. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01442g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A facile synthesis of non-spherical photoresponsive azobenzene-containing liquid crystalline nanoparticles via polymerization-induced hierarchical self-assembly (PIHSA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing 100191
- P. R. China
| | - Wangqi Ouyang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing 100191
- P. R. China
| | - Song Guan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing 100191
- P. R. China
| | - Aihua Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing 100191
- P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering
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25
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Zhang Y, Huang J, Zhang J, Zhu X, Tong G. Synthesis and self-assembly of photo-responsive polypeptoid-based copolymers containing azobenzene side chains. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01723j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Photo-responsive polypeptoid-based copolymers containing azobenzene side chains have been well synthesized and they could self-assemble into tunable nanostructures with reversible light-switched behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Research Institute of Polymer Materials
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
| | - Jie Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Research Institute of Polymer Materials
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Research Institute of Polymer Materials
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
| | - Xinyuan Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Research Institute of Polymer Materials
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
| | - Gangsheng Tong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Research Institute of Polymer Materials
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
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26
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Mirza I, Saha S. Biocompatible Anisotropic Polymeric Particles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Biomedical Applications. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:8241-8270. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ifra Mirza
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Sampa Saha
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
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27
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Cheng X, Miao T, Qian Y, Zhang Z, Zhang W, Zhu X. Supramolecular Chirality in Azobenzene-Containing Polymer System: Traditional Postpolymerization Self-Assembly Versus In Situ Supramolecular Self-Assembly Strategy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6186. [PMID: 32867119 PMCID: PMC7503415 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, the design of novel supramolecular chiral materials has received a great deal of attention due to rapid developments in the fields of supramolecular chemistry and molecular self-assembly. Supramolecular chirality has been widely introduced to polymers containing photoresponsive azobenzene groups. On the one hand, supramolecular chiral structures of azobenzene-containing polymers (Azo-polymers) can be produced by nonsymmetric arrangement of Azo units through noncovalent interactions. On the other hand, the reversibility of the photoisomerization also allows for the control of the supramolecular organization of the Azo moieties within polymer structures. The construction of supramolecular chirality in Azo-polymeric self-assembled system is highly important for further developments in this field from both academic and practical points of view. The postpolymerization self-assembly strategy is one of the traditional strategies for mainly constructing supramolecular chirality in Azo-polymers. The in situ supramolecular self-assembly mediated by polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) is a facile one-pot approach for the construction of well-defined supramolecular chirality during polymerization process. In this review, we focus on a discussion of supramolecular chirality of Azo-polymer systems constructed by traditional postpolymerization self-assembly and PISA-mediated in situ supramolecular self-assembly. Furthermore, we will also summarize the basic concepts, seminal studies, recent trends, and perspectives in the constructions and applications of supramolecular chirality based on Azo-polymers with the hope to advance the development of supramolecular chirality in chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Wei Zhang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (X.C.); (T.M.); (Y.Q.); (Z.Z.); (X.Z.)
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28
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Guan S, Chen A. Influence of Spacer Lengths on the Morphology of Biphenyl-Containing Liquid Crystalline Block Copolymer Nanoparticles via Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Song Guan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Aihua Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
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29
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Luo X, An Z. Polymerization‐Induced Self‐Assembly for the Synthesis of Poly(
N
,
N
‐dimethylacrylamide)‐
b
‐Poly(4‐
tert
‐butoxystyrene) Particles with Inverse Bicontinuous Phases. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 41:e2000209. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Luo
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Zesheng An
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130012 China
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education School of Life Sciences Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130012 China
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30
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Li L, Cui S, Hu A, Zhang W, Li Y, Zhou N, Zhang Z, Zhu X. Smart azobenzene-containing tubular polymersomes: fabrication and multiple morphological tuning. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:6237-6240. [PMID: 32373820 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01934h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A fundamental challenge in nanomaterial science is to facilely fabricate nonspherical polymersomes. Here, several kinds of novel tubular polymersomes were fabricated via self-assembly of amphiphilic azobenzene-containing block copolymers. Besides, their shape could be tuned by multiple approaches including changes in the chemical structure, self-assembly conditions and external stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishan Li
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China.
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31
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Qu T, Guan S, Zheng X, Chen A. Perpendicularly aligned nanodomains on versatile substrates via rapid thermal annealing assisted by liquid crystalline ordering in block copolymer films. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:1523-1530. [PMID: 36132323 PMCID: PMC9418532 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00057d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The highly ordered perpendicularly aligned cylindrical and lamellar microdomains within block copolymer (BCP) films have important applications in diverse fields. However, the fast normal orientation of self-assembled nanostructures on arbitrary substrates without tedious pre- and postprocessing has been a challenging issue in manufacturing miniaturized devices. Here, we outline the potential for extending the hierarchical self-assembly within azobenzene-containing PS-b-PMA(Az) films to inherently assist in the formation of normally aligned domains using a rapid thermal annealing process (140 °C for 5 min). Liquid crystalline (LC) mesogens in PS-b-PMA(Az) films self-assemble to form a parallelly aligned sematic phase after thermal annealing, as confirmed by grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectra. This sub-phase contributes to broadening of the PS-cylinder-phase window (0.083 ≤ f PS < 0.49) and ∼12 nm PS cylinder structures. Perpendicular cylinders or lamellae are observed on various substrates, such as silicon wafers, flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) sheets and conductive aluminum foils. Additionally, the good reactive ion etching (RIE) rate difference between the two blocks makes these BCPs more attractive for advancing the field of BCP lithographic applications for fabricating flexible microelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Qu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University Beijing 100191 P. R. China
| | - Song Guan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University Beijing 100191 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxiong Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University Beijing 100191 P. R. China
| | - Aihua Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University Beijing 100191 P. R. China
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32
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Lv Y, Wang L, Liu F, Feng W, Wei J, Lin S. Rod-coil block copolymer aggregates via polymerization-induced self-assembly. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:3466-3475. [PMID: 32207755 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00244e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA), incorporating the polymerization with in situ self-assembly, can achieve nano-objects efficiently. However, the cooperative polymerization and self-assembly lead to unclear polymerization kinetics and aggregation behavior, especially for the systems forming rigid chains. Here, we used dissipative particle dynamics simulations with a probability-based reaction model to explore the PISA behavior of rod-coil block copolymer systems. The impact of the length of macromolecular initiators, the targeted length of rigid chains, and the reaction probability on the PISA behavior, including polymerization kinetics and self-assembly, were examined. The difference between PISA and traditional self-assembly was revealed. A comparison with experimental observations shows that the simulation can capture the essential feature of the PISA. The present work provides a comprehensive understanding of rod-coil PISA systems and may provide meaningful information for future experimental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisheng Lv
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Liquan Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Fan Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Weisheng Feng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Jie Wei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Shaoliang Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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33
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Cheng X, Miao T, Yin L, Ji Y, Li Y, Zhang Z, Zhang W, Zhu X. In Situ Controlled Construction of a Hierarchical Supramolecular Chiral Liquid‐Crystalline Polymer Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202001657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Cheng
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric MaterialsJiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and ApplicationCollege of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Tengfei Miao
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric MaterialsJiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and ApplicationCollege of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Lu Yin
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric MaterialsJiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and ApplicationCollege of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Yujin Ji
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Youyong Li
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Zhengbiao Zhang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric MaterialsJiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and ApplicationCollege of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric MaterialsJiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and ApplicationCollege of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Xiulin Zhu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric MaterialsJiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and ApplicationCollege of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow University Suzhou 215123 China
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34
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Cheng X, Miao T, Yin L, Ji Y, Li Y, Zhang Z, Zhang W, Zhu X. In Situ Controlled Construction of a Hierarchical Supramolecular Chiral Liquid-Crystalline Polymer Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:9669-9677. [PMID: 32181944 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202001657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Hierarchical supramolecular chiral liquid-crystalline (LC) polymer assemblies are challenging to construct in situ in a controlled manner. Now, polymerization-induced chiral self-assembly (PICSA) is reported. Hierarchical supramolecular chiral azobenzene-containing block copolymer (Azo-BCP) assemblies were constructed with π-π stacking interactions occurring in the layered structure of Azo smectic phases. The evolution of chirality from terminal alkyl chain to Azo mesogen building blocks and further induction of supramolecular chirality in LC BCP assemblies during PICSA is achieved. Morphologies such as spheres, worms, helical fibers, lamellae, and vesicles were observed. The morphological transition had a crucial effect on the chiral expression of Azo-BCP assemblies. The supramolecular chirality of Azo-BCP assemblies destroyed by 365 nm UV irradiation can be recovered by heating-cooling treatment; this dynamic reversible achiral-chiral switching can be repeated at least five times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Cheng
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Tengfei Miao
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Lu Yin
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yujin Ji
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Youyong Li
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zhengbiao Zhang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xiulin Zhu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
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35
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Zhang R, Su Z, Yan X, Huang J, Shan W, Dong X, Feng X, Lin Z, Cheng SZD. Discovery of Structural Complexity through Self‐Assembly of Molecules Containing Rodlike Components. Chemistry 2020; 26:6741-6756. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruimeng Zhang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology School of Molecular Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P.R. China
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering The University of Akron Akron OH 44325-3909 USA
| | - Zebin Su
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering The University of Akron Akron OH 44325-3909 USA
| | - Xiao‐Yun Yan
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering The University of Akron Akron OH 44325-3909 USA
| | - Jiahao Huang
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering The University of Akron Akron OH 44325-3909 USA
| | - Wenpeng Shan
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering The University of Akron Akron OH 44325-3909 USA
| | - Xue‐Hui Dong
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology School of Molecular Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P.R. China
| | - Xueyan Feng
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering The University of Akron Akron OH 44325-3909 USA
| | - Zhiwei Lin
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering The University of Akron Akron OH 44325-3909 USA
| | - Stephen Z. D. Cheng
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology School of Molecular Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P.R. China
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering The University of Akron Akron OH 44325-3909 USA
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36
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D'Agosto F, Rieger J, Lansalot M. RAFT‐vermittelte polymerisationsinduzierte Selbstorganisation (PISA). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201911758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Franck D'Agosto
- Univ Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 CPE Lyon CNRS UMR 5265 Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes (C2P2) 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69616 Villeurbanne Frankreich
| | - Jutta Rieger
- Sorbonne Université and CNRS UMR 8232 Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Polymer Chemistry Team (ECP) 4 Place Jussieu 75005 Paris Frankreich
| | - Muriel Lansalot
- Univ Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 CPE Lyon CNRS UMR 5265 Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes (C2P2) 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69616 Villeurbanne Frankreich
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37
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D'Agosto F, Rieger J, Lansalot M. RAFT‐Mediated Polymerization‐Induced Self‐Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:8368-8392. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201911758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Franck D'Agosto
- Univ Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 CPE Lyon CNRS UMR 5265 Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes (C2P2) 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69616 Villeurbanne France
| | - Jutta Rieger
- Sorbonne Université and CNRS UMR 8232 Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM) Polymer Chemistry Team (ECP) 4 Place Jussieu 75005 Paris France
| | - Muriel Lansalot
- Univ Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 CPE Lyon CNRS UMR 5265 Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes (C2P2) 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69616 Villeurbanne France
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38
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Guan S, Chen A. One-Pot Synthesis of Cross-linked Block Copolymer Nanowires via Polymerization-Induced Hierarchical Self-Assembly and Photodimerization. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:14-19. [PMID: 35638669 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Block copolymer (BCP) nanowires are crucially important in diversified fields. However, their applications typically suffer from a tedious fabrication process, heterogeneous morphology, and degradation. Herein, we propose a facile and robust approach to synthesize stilbene-containing BCP nanowires in homogeneous morphology with high stability at high solid content (5%-20% w/w) in one pot. It is realized by the polymerization-induced hierarchical self-assembly and subsequent photodimerization cross-linking under UV irradiation of stilbene mesogens in the core-forming block in the later stage of polymerization. Because of the strong liquid crystalline ordering and photodimerization of stilbene, the cross-linked nanowires can be obtained over a broad BCP composition, which show robust morphological stability when exposed to solvent dissolution tests and water dispersion stability tests. This efficient approach to stabilized nanowires with homogeneous morphology via in situ cross-linking would be useful in various fields, such as nanomedicine and Pickering emulsifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Guan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Aihua Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
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39
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Guan S, Wen W, Yang Z, Chen A. Liquid Crystalline Nanowires by Polymerization Induced Hierarchical Self-Assembly. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Song Guan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Zhenzhong Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Aihua Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
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40
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Man SK, Wang X, Zheng JW, An ZS. Effect of Butyl α-Hydroxymethyl Acrylate Monomer Structure on the Morphology Produced via Aqueous Emulsion Polymerization-induced Self-assembly. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-019-2303-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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41
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Current potential and challenges in the advances of liquid crystalline nanoparticles as drug delivery systems. Drug Discov Today 2019; 24:1405-1412. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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42
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Huang L, Ding Y, Ma Y, Wang L, Liu Q, Lu X, Cai Y. Colloidal Stable PIC Vesicles and Lamellae Enabled by Wavelength-Orthogonal Disulfide Exchange and Polymerization-Induced Electrostatic Self-Assembly. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Huang
- State-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yi Ding
- State-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yajie Ma
- State-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Qizhou Liu
- State-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xinhua Lu
- State-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yuanli Cai
- State-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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43
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Guan S, Deng Z, Huang T, Wen W, Zhao Y, Chen A. Light-Triggered Reversible Slimming of Azobenzene-Containing Wormlike Nanoparticles Synthesized by Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly for Nanofiltration Switches. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:460-465. [PMID: 35651132 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Photoresponsive wormlike block copolymer nanoparticles (NPs) have potential applications in versatile fields, but their preparation suffers from narrow worm phase region and tedious approaches. In this work, azobenzene-containing wormlike NPs based on poly(methylacrylic acid)-b-poly(4-((4-butylphenyl)diazenyl)phenyl methacrylate) are prepared via polymerization-induced self-assembly at high solids concentration in ethanol. The pure wormlike NPs occupy a remarkably broad region in the morphological phase diagram because of the rigid nature of the core-forming block. These wormlike NPs expand resulting from trans-cis transformation upon UV irradiation, and slim near to the original state via visible light irradiation. The diameter and its variation amplitude of worms increase with the chain length of core-forming block. Moreover, a nanofiltration switch for rhodamine B is assembled to illustrate one of its potential applications by remote trigger using light.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yongbin Zhao
- Shandong Oubo New Material Co. Ltd., Shandong 257088, People’s Republic of China
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44
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Wen W, Huang T, Guan S, Zhao Y, Chen A. Self-Assembly of Single Chain Janus Nanoparticles with Tunable Liquid Crystalline Properties from Stilbene-Containing Block Copolymers. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yongbin Zhao
- Shandong Oubo New
Material Co. Ltd., Shandong 257088, P. R. China
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45
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Lv F, An Z, Wu P. Scalable preparation of alternating block copolymer particles with inverse bicontinuous mesophases. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1397. [PMID: 30918248 PMCID: PMC6437182 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09324-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Block copolymer particles with controlled morphologies are of great significance in nanomaterials and nanotechnology. However, ordered inverse morphologies are difficult to achieve due to complex mechanism and formation conditions. Here we report scalable preparation of amphiphilic alternating block copolymer particles with inverse bicontinuous mesophases via polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA). Concentrated dispersion copolymerizations (up to 40% solid content) of styrene (St) and pentafluorostyrene (PFS) employing a short poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) (PDMA29) stabilizer block lead to the formation of well-defined, highly asymmetric PDMA29-b-P(St-alt-PFS)x block copolymers with precise compositions and various morphologies, from simple spheres to ordered inverse cubosome mesophases. The particle morphology is affected by the molecular weight, solid content, and nature of the cosolvents. The cubosome structure is confirmed by electron microscopies and small angle X-ray scattering spectroscopy. This scalable PISA approach offers facile access to ordered inverse mesophases, significantly expanding the PISA morphology scope and enabling its applicability to the materials science fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zesheng An
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Peiyi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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46
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Dong S, Sun W, Wang D, Zhao H, Zu G, Zheng Y. Light-Switching Azo-Copolymers Self-Assembly in Multi-Stationary States. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 40:e1900058. [PMID: 30844103 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In the present research, novel tri-block-copolymers bearing polyethylene glycol (PEG), azobenzene (Azo), and tetra-ortho-methoxy-substituted Azo (mAzo) segments are synthesized and explored. Light-controlled PEG-PmAzo-PAzo self-assemblies switching between multi-stationary states is realized. Under controlling of UV, blue, green, and red light, PEG-PmAzo-PAzo isomerize between 4 photostationary states. The enrichment of cis isomers of Azo and mAzo induces the self-assembly of PEG-PmAzo-PAzo in toluene. The morphologies and scale of the self-assemblies can be switched between four stationary states, which are investigated by dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Dong
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Wen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China.,State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Haiquan Zhao
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Gen Zu
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Yonghao Zheng
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China.,Center for Applied Chemistry, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
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47
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Wong CK, Martin AD, Floetenmeyer M, Parton RG, Stenzel MH, Thordarson P. Faceted polymersomes: a sphere-to-polyhedron shape transformation. Chem Sci 2019; 10:2725-2731. [PMID: 30996990 PMCID: PMC6419931 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc04206c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The creation of "soft" deformable hollow polymeric nanoparticles with complex non-spherical shapes via block copolymer self-assembly remains a challenge. In this work, we show that a perylene-bearing block copolymer can self-assemble into polymeric membrane sacs (polymersomes) that not only possess uncommonly faceted polyhedral shapes but are also intrinsically fluorescent. Here, we further reveal for the first time an experimental visualization of the entire polymersome faceting process. We uncover how our polymersomes facet through a sphere-to-polyhedron shape transformation pathway that is driven by perylene aggregation confined within a topologically spherical polymersome shell. Finally, we illustrate the importance in understanding this shape transformation process by demonstrating our ability to controllably isolate different intermediate polymersome morphologies. The findings presented herein should provide opportunities for those who utilize non-spherical polymersomes for drug delivery, nanoreactor or templating applications, and those who are interested in the fundamental aspects of polymersome self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin Ken Wong
- School of Chemistry , University of New South Wales , NSW 2052 , Australia . ;
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology , Australia
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) , School of Chemistry , University of New South Wales , Sydney , NSW 2052 , Australia
| | - Adam D Martin
- School of Chemistry , University of New South Wales , NSW 2052 , Australia . ;
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology , Australia
| | - Matthias Floetenmeyer
- Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis , The University of Queensland , St. Lucia , Brisbane , QLD 4072 , Australia
| | - Robert G Parton
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology , Australia
- Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis , The University of Queensland , St. Lucia , Brisbane , QLD 4072 , Australia
- Institute of Molecular Bioscience , The University of Queensland , St. Lucia , Brisbane , QLD 4072 , Australia
| | - Martina H Stenzel
- School of Chemistry , University of New South Wales , NSW 2052 , Australia . ;
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) , School of Chemistry , University of New South Wales , Sydney , NSW 2052 , Australia
| | - Pall Thordarson
- School of Chemistry , University of New South Wales , NSW 2052 , Australia . ;
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology , Australia
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48
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Ren M, Geng Z, Wang K, Yang Y, Tan Z, Xu J, Zhang L, Zhang L, Zhu J. Shape-Anisotropic Diblock Copolymer Particles with Varied Internal Structures. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:3461-3469. [PMID: 30734559 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b04147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Anisotropic polymer particles have promising applications in various fields, whereas their preparation usually suffers from tedious procedures. Here, we introduce a facile strategy to fabricate novel shape-anisotropic particles with varied internal structures via self-assembly of block copolymers (BCPs), with perfluorooctane (PFO) as the liquid template in emulsion droplets. By increasing the volume ratio of PFO to polystyrene- block-poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PS- b-P4VP) or decreasing the initial concentration of the BCPs, the self-assembled polymer particles change from spherical core-shell structures to anisotropic particles. Moreover, the anisotropic shape and internal structure of the polymer particles, including cone-like particles with alternative PS and P4VP lamellas, crescent-shaped particles with cylindrical P4VP domains, and plate-like particles with spherical P4VP domains, can be obtained by changing the block ratio or molecular weight or by adding a hydrogen-bonding agent. Based on the in situ optical microscopy investigation of the morphology evolution of the emulsion droplet, we conclude that both kinetic and thermodynamic factors during emulsion evolution determine the formation of shape-anisotropic polymeric particles with controllable internal structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ren
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Technology , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074 , China
| | - Zhen Geng
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Technology , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074 , China
| | - Ke Wang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Technology , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074 , China
| | - Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Technology , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074 , China
| | - Zhengping Tan
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Technology , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074 , China
| | - Jiangping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Technology , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074 , China
| | - Lianbin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Technology , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074 , China
| | - Lixiong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Jintao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Technology , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074 , China
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49
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Qian S, Li S, Xiong W, Khan H, Huang J, Zhang W. A new visible light and temperature responsive diblock copolymer. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01050e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A visible light and temperature responsive diblock copolymer of poly[6-(2,6,2′,6′-tetramethoxy-4′-oxyazobenzene) hexyl methacrylate]-block-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PmAzo-b-PNIPAM) was synthesized via RAFT polymerization by carefully tuning the polymerization conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Qian
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
| | - Shenzhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
| | - Weifeng Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Special Functional Waterproof Materials
- Beijing Oriental Yuhong Waterproof Technology Co
- Ltd
- Beijing 100123
- China
| | - Habib Khan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
| | - Jing Huang
- Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering
- Beijing
- China
| | - Wangqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
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50
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Wong CK, Stenzel MH, Thordarson P. Non-spherical polymersomes: formation and characterization. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:4019-4035. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00856f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This tutorial review summarizes recent efforts over the past decade to study the morphological transformation of conventionally spherical polymersomes into non-spherical polymersomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin Ken Wong
- School of Chemistry
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
- The Australian Centre for Nanomedicine and the ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology
| | - Martina H. Stenzel
- School of Chemistry
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD)
| | - Pall Thordarson
- School of Chemistry
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
- The Australian Centre for Nanomedicine and the ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology
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