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He C, Pan D, Chen K, Chen J, Zhang Q, Zhang H, Zhang Z, Wen Z. Energy-Efficient Co-production of Benzoquinone and H 2 Using Waste Phenol in a Hybrid Alkali/Acid Flow Cell. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202407079. [PMID: 38757230 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202407079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
In both the manufacturing and chemical industries, benzoquinone is a crucial chemical product. A perfect and economical method for making benzoquinone is the electrochemical oxidation of phenol, thanks to the traditional thermal catalytic oxidation of phenol process requires high cost, serious pollution and harsh reaction conditions. Here, a unique heterostructure electrocatalyst on nickel foam (NF) consisting of nickel sulfide and nickel oxide (Ni9S8-Ni15O16/NF) was produced, and this catalyst exhibited a low overpotential (1.35 V vs. RHE) and prominent selectivity (99 %) for electrochemical phenol oxidation reaction (EOP). Ni9S8-Ni15O16/NF is beneficial for lowering the reaction energy barrier and boosting reactivity in the EOP process according to density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Additionally, an alkali/acid hybrid flow cell was successfully established by connecting Ni9S8-Ni15O16/NF and commercial RuIr/Ti in series to catalyze phenol oxidation in an alkaline medium and hydrogen evolution in an acid medium, respectively. A cell voltage of only 0.60 V was applied to produce a current density of 10 mA cm-2. Meanwhile, the system continued to operate at 0.90 V for 12 days, showing remarkable long-term stability. The unique configuration of the acid-base hybrid flow cell electrolyzer provides valuable guidance for the efficient and environmentally friendly electrooxidation of phenol to benzoquinone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengchao He
- Value-Added Utilization of Carbocoal Derivative Liquid-Shaanxi University Engineering Research Center, Yulin University, Yulin, 719000, P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Techniques toward Hydrogen Energy, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, P. R. China
| | - Duo Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Techniques toward Hydrogen Energy, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, P. R. China
| | - Kai Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Techniques toward Hydrogen Energy, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, P. R. China
| | - Junxiang Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Techniques toward Hydrogen Energy, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, P. R. China
| | - Qinlong Zhang
- Value-Added Utilization of Carbocoal Derivative Liquid-Shaanxi University Engineering Research Center, Yulin University, Yulin, 719000, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Zhifang Zhang
- Value-Added Utilization of Carbocoal Derivative Liquid-Shaanxi University Engineering Research Center, Yulin University, Yulin, 719000, P. R. China
- Shaanxi Yuanda Zhengbei Energy Technology Co., Ltd., Research and Development Department, Yulin, 719000, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhai Wen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Techniques toward Hydrogen Energy, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, P. R. China
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Wu Z, Wang E, Zhang G, Shen Y, Shao G. Recent Progress of Vertical Graphene: Preparation, Structure Engineering, and Emerging Energy Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307923. [PMID: 38009514 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Vertical graphene (VG) nanosheets have garnered significant attention in the field of electrochemical energy applications, such as supercapacitors, electro-catalysis, and metal-ion batteries. The distinctive structures of VG, including vertically oriented morphology, exposed, and extended edges, and separated few-layer graphene nanosheets, have endowed VG with superior electrode reaction kinetics and mass/electron transportation compared to other graphene-based nanostructures. Therefore, gaining insight into the structure-activity relationship of VG and VG-based materials is crucial for enhancing device performance and expanding their applications in the energy field. In this review, the authors first summarize the fabrication methods of VG structures, including solution-based, and vacuum-based techniques. The study then focuses on structural modulations through plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) to tailor defects and morphology, aiming to obtain desirable architectures. Additionally, a comprehensive overview of the applications of VG and VG-based hybrids d in the energy field is provided, considering the arrangement and optimization of their structures. Finally, the challenges and future prospects of VG-based energy-related applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiheng Wu
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-carbon and Environmental Materials (CDLCEM), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Zhengzhou Materials Genome Institute (ZMGI), Building 2, Zhongyuanzhigu, Xingyang, Zhengzhou, 450100, China
| | - Erhao Wang
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-carbon and Environmental Materials (CDLCEM), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Gongkai Zhang
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-carbon and Environmental Materials (CDLCEM), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yonglong Shen
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-carbon and Environmental Materials (CDLCEM), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Zhengzhou Materials Genome Institute (ZMGI), Building 2, Zhongyuanzhigu, Xingyang, Zhengzhou, 450100, China
| | - Guosheng Shao
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-carbon and Environmental Materials (CDLCEM), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Zhengzhou Materials Genome Institute (ZMGI), Building 2, Zhongyuanzhigu, Xingyang, Zhengzhou, 450100, China
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Wang H, Ye B, Li C, Tang T, Li S, Shi S, Wu C, Zhang Y. Vertical Graphene-Supported NiMo Nanoparticles as Efficient Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction under Alkaline Conditions. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:3171. [PMID: 37110007 PMCID: PMC10145461 DOI: 10.3390/ma16083171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Water electrolysis as an important and facile strategy to generate hydrogen has attracted great attention, and efficient electrocatalysts play a key role in hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, vertical graphene (VG)-supported ultrafine NiMo alloy nanoparticles (NiMo@VG@CC) were fabricated successfully via electro-depositing as efficient self-supported electrocatalysts for HER. The introduction of metal Mo optimized the catalytic activity of transition metal Ni. In addition, VG arrays as the three-dimensional (3D) conductive scaffold not only ensured high electron conductivity and robust structural stability, but also endowed the self-supported electrode large specific surface area and exposed more active sites. With the synergistic effect between NiMo alloys and VG, the optimized NiMo@VG@CC electrode exhibited a low overpotential of 70.95 mV at 10 mA cm-2 and a remarkable stable performance over 24 h. This research is anticipated to offer a powerful strategy for the fabrication of high-performance hydrogen evolution catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Beirong Ye
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Chen Li
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Tao Tang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Sipu Li
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Shaojun Shi
- Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional Material, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Chunyang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Yongqi Zhang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
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Fan Y, Shi W, Li L. Regulating Complex Transition Metal Oxyhydroxides Using Ni 3S 2: 3D NiCoFe(oxy)hydroxide/Ni 3S 2/Ni Foam for an Efficient Alkaline Oxygen Evolution Reaction. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:1561-1569. [PMID: 36636990 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
In electrochemical decomposition of water, the slow kinetics of the anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a challenge for efficient hydrogen production. Heterointerface engineering is a desirable way to rationally design electrocatalysts for the OER. Herein, we designed and fabricated a nanoparticle flower-like NiCoFe(oxy)hydroxide catalyst in situ grown on the surface of Ni3S2/NF to construct a heterojunction via combining hydrothermal and electrodeposition methods. The heterostructure exhibits a smaller overpotential of 254 mV at a large current density of 100 mA cm-2 in 1 M KOH than that of pristine NiCoFeOxHy/NF (356 mV) and Ni3S2/NF (471 mV). Tafel and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy further showed a favorable kinetics during electrolysis. The role of the substrate Ni3S2 was explored via density functional theory calculations. Our calculations found that SOx on the Ni3S2 surface is a strong nucleophilic group and the synergy effect between Fe and SOx could break *OOH to reduce the Gibbs energy. We also found that the contribution of SOx in sulfates to the OER activity could be negligible. Furthermore, a series of comparative samples were prepared to test this synergy effect. Our experiments indicated that the introduction of Ni3S2 is beneficial. The present contribution provides an important helpful insight into the design and fabrication of novel and highly efficient heterostructure electrocatalysts by introducing nucleophilic groups at the interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
| | - Weidong Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
| | - Longhua Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
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Gunawan D, Toe CY, Sun K, Scott J, Amal R. Improved carrier dynamics in nickel/urea-functionalized carbon nitride for ethanol photoreforming. PHOTOCHEMICAL & PHOTOBIOLOGICAL SCIENCES : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN PHOTOCHEMISTRY ASSOCIATION AND THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR PHOTOBIOLOGY 2022; 21:2115-2126. [PMID: 35933640 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-022-00282-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Photoreforming has been shown to accelerate the H2 evolution rate compared to water splitting due to thermodynamically favorable organic oxidation. In addition, the potential to simultaneously produce solar fuel and value-added chemicals is a significant benefit of photoreforming. To achieve an efficient and economically viable photoreforming process, the selection and design of an appropriate photocatalyst is essential. Carbon nitride is promising as a metal-free photocatalyst with visible light activity, high stability, and low fabrication cost. However, it typically exhibits poor photogenerated charge carrier dynamics, thereby resulting in low photocatalytic performance. Herein, we demonstrate improved carrier dynamics in urea-functionalized carbon nitride with in situ photodeposited Ni cocatalyst (Ni/Urea-CN) for ethanol photoreforming. In the presence of 1 mM Ni2+ precursor, an H2 evolution rate of 760.5 µmol h-1 g-1 and an acetaldehyde production rate of 888.2 µmol h-1 g-1 were obtained for Ni/Urea-CN. The enhanced activity is ascribed to the significantly improved carrier dynamics in Urea-CN. The ability of oxygen moieties in the urea group to attract electrons and to increase the hole mobility via a positive shift in the valence band promotes an improvement in the overall carrier dynamics. In addition, high crystallinity and specific surface area of the Urea-CN contributed to accelerating charge separation and transfer. As a result, the electrons were efficiently transferred from Urea-CN to the Ni cocatalyst for H2 evolution while the holes were consumed during ethanol oxidation. The work demonstrates a means by which carrier dynamics can be tuned by engineering carbon nitride via edge functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denny Gunawan
- Particles and Catalysis Research Group, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Cui Ying Toe
- Particles and Catalysis Research Group, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia. .,School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
| | - Kaiwen Sun
- School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Jason Scott
- Particles and Catalysis Research Group, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Rose Amal
- Particles and Catalysis Research Group, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
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Ren B, Cui H, Wang C. Self-Supported Graphene Nanosheet-Based Composites as Binder-Free Electrodes for Advanced Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage. ELECTROCHEM ENERGY R 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s41918-022-00138-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Xu Z, Zuo W, Mou Q, Cheng G, Zheng H, Zhao P. A yolk-shell structure construction for metal-organic frameworks toward an enhanced electrochemical water splitting catalysis. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:10298-10306. [PMID: 35749061 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01111e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
NiFe-based transition metal catalysts are widely used in electrocatalysis, especially in the field of water splitting, due to their excellent electrochemical performance. Herein, a simple method was designed to synthesize a Ni MOF based on nickel foam and it was modified with Fe. After the introduction of Fe, the resulting material exhibits an obvious yolk-shell structure, which greatly increases the specific surface area and facilitates the construction of active sites. At the same time, the synergy between Ni and Fe is conducive to optimizing the electronic structure and effectively improving the poor stability of the MOF. As a result, the synthesized Ni MOF-Fe-2 only needs an overpotential of 229 mV to achieve the OER at a current density of 10 mA cm-2, which is better than most reported transition metal-based electrocatalysts. To our surprise, it showed extraordinary stability under the voltage used for water splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhang Xu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zuo
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Qiuxiang Mou
- Research Center for Graphic Communication, Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, P. R. China.
| | - Gongzhen Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Huaming Zheng
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430073 Hubei, P.R. China.
| | - Pingping Zhao
- Research Center for Graphic Communication, Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, P. R. China.
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Luo X, Abazari R, Tahir M, Fan WK, Kumar A, Kalhorizadeh T, Kirillov AM, Amani-Ghadim AR, Chen J, Zhou Y. Trimetallic metal–organic frameworks and derived materials for environmental remediation and electrochemical energy storage and conversion. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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9
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Fan L, Ji Y, Wang G, Chen J, Chen K, Liu X, Wen Z. High Entropy Alloy Electrocatalytic Electrode toward Alkaline Glycerol Valorization Coupling with Acidic Hydrogen Production. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:7224-7235. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c13740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linfeng Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Yaxin Ji
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Genxiang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Junxiang Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Kai Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Xi Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhai Wen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
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10
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Ma Z, Tsounis C, Toe CY, Kumar PV, Subhash B, Xi S, Yang HY, Zhou S, Lin Z, Wu KH, Wong RJ, Thomsen L, Bedford NM, Lu X, Ng YH, Han Z, Amal R. Reconstructing Cu Nanoparticle Supported on Vertical Graphene Surfaces via Electrochemical Treatment to Tune the Selectivity of CO 2 Reduction toward Valuable Products. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c05431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Constantine Tsounis
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing, 36 Bradfield Road, Lindfield, New South Wales 2070, Australia
| | - Cui Ying Toe
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Priyank V. Kumar
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Bijil Subhash
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Shibo Xi
- Institute of Chemical & Engineering Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 1 Pesek Road, Singapore 627833, Singapore
| | - Hui Ying Yang
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 20 Dover Drive, Singapore 138682, Singapore
| | - Shujie Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Zeheng Lin
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Kuang-Hsu Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Roong Jien Wong
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459, Singapore
- Cambridge Centre for Advanced Research and Education, 1 CREATE Way, Singapore 138602 Singapore
| | - Lars Thomsen
- Australian Synchrotron, ANSTO, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Nicholas M. Bedford
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Xunyu Lu
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Yun Hau Ng
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zhaojun Han
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing, 36 Bradfield Road, Lindfield, New South Wales 2070, Australia
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Rose Amal
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
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Zhang B, Wu Z, Shao W, Gao Y, Wang W, Ma T, Ma L, Li S, Cheng C, Zhao C. Interfacial Atom‐Substitution Engineered Transition‐Metal Hydroxide Nanofibers with High‐Valence Fe for Efficient Electrochemical Water Oxidation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202115331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ben Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Zihe Wu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Wenjie Shao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Yun Gao
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Weiwen Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Tian Ma
- Department of Ultrasound West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Lang Ma
- Department of Ultrasound West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Shuang Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China
- Functional Materials Department of Chemistry Technische Universität Berlin Hardenbergstraße 40 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Chong Cheng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Changsheng Zhao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China
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12
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Luo W, Wang Y, Luo L, Gong S, Wei M, Li Y, Gan X, Zhao Y, Zhu Z, Li Z. Single-Atom and Bimetallic Nanoalloy Supported on Nanotubes as a Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Ultrahigh-Current-Density Overall Water Splitting. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c04454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liuxiong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shen Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengni Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yixuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xueping Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuyuan Zhao
- School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GH, U.K
| | - Zhenghong Zhu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, York University, Toronto M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Zhou Li
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People’s Republic of China
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13
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Zhang D, Tsounis C, Ma Z, Djaidiguna D, Bedford NM, Thomsen L, Lu X, Chu D, Amal R, Han Z. Highly Selective Metal-Free Electrochemical Production of Hydrogen Peroxide on Functionalized Vertical Graphene Edges. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2105082. [PMID: 34741413 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202105082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical generation of hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) is an attractive alternative to the energy-intensive anthraquinone oxidation process. Metal-free carbon-based materials such as graphene show great promise as efficient electrocatalysts in alkaline media. In particular, the graphene edges possess superior electrochemical properties than the basal plane. However, identification and enhancement of the catalytically active sites at the edges remain challenging. Furthermore, control of surface wettability to enhance gas diffusion and promote the performance in bulk electrolysis is largely unexplored. Here, a metal-free edge-rich vertical graphene catalyst is synthesized and exhibits a superior performance for H2 O2 production, with a high onset potential (0.8 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) at 0.1 mA cm-2 ) and 100% Faradaic efficiency at various potentials. By tailoring the oxygen-containing functional groups using various techniques of electrochemical oxidation, thermal annealing and oxygen plasma post-treatment, the edge-bound in-plane ether-type (COC) groups are revealed to account for the superior catalytic performance. To manipulate the surface wettability, a simple vacuum-based method is developed to effectively induce material hydrophobicity by accelerating hydrocarbon adsorption. The increased hydrophobicity greatly enhances gas transfer without compromising the Faradaic efficiency, enabling a H2 O2 productivity of 1767 mmol gcatalyst -1 h-1 at 0.4 V versus RHE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing, 36 Bradfield Road, Lindfield, NSW, 2070, Australia
| | - Constantine Tsounis
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing, 36 Bradfield Road, Lindfield, NSW, 2070, Australia
| | - Zhipeng Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Dominique Djaidiguna
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Nicholas M Bedford
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Lars Thomsen
- Australian Synchrotron, ANSTO, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Xunyu Lu
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Dewei Chu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Rose Amal
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Zhaojun Han
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing, 36 Bradfield Road, Lindfield, NSW, 2070, Australia
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
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14
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He W, Wu S, Zhang Z, Yang Q. Vacancy-rich graphene supported electrocatalysts synthesized by radio-frequency plasma for oxygen evolution reaction. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qi00364c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cobalt compounds supported on reduced graphene oxides using radio frequency plasma method. The plasma creates vacancy defects on the cobalt compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenkai He
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment and System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Shilin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment and System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Zhaotian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment and System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Qing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment and System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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15
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Zhang B, Wu Z, Shao W, Gao Y, Wang W, Ma T, Ma L, Li S, Cheng C, Zhao C. Interfacial Atom-Substitution Engineered Transition-Metal Hydroxide Nanofibers with High-Valence Fe for Efficient Electrochemical Water Oxidation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202115331. [PMID: 34936185 PMCID: PMC9306610 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202115331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Developing low‐cost electrocatalysts for efficient and robust oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is the key for scalable water electrolysis, for instance, NiFe‐based materials. Decorating NiFe catalysts with other transition metals offers a new path to boost their catalytic activities but often suffers from the low controllability of the electronic structures of the NiFe catalytic centers. Here, we report an interfacial atom‐substitution strategy to synthesize an electrocatalytic oxygen‐evolving NiFeV nanofiber to boost the activity of NiFe centers. The electronic structure analyses suggest that the NiFeV nanofiber exhibits abundant high‐valence Fe via a charge transfer from Fe to V. The NiFeV nanofiber supported on a carbon cloth shows a low overpotential of 181 mV at 10 mA cm−2, along with long‐term stability (>20 h) at 100 mA cm−2. The reported substitutional growth strategy offers an effective and new pathway for the design of efficient and durable non‐noble metal‐based OER catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Zhang
- Sichuan University, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, 610065, Chengdu, CHINA
| | - Zihe Wu
- Sichuan University, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, CHINA
| | - Wenjie Shao
- Sichuan University, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, 610065, Chengdu, CHINA
| | - Yun Gao
- Sichuan University, College of Biomass Science and Engineering, CHINA
| | - Weiwen Wang
- Sichuan University, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, CHINA
| | - Tian Ma
- Sichuan University, Department of Ultrasound, CHINA
| | - Lang Ma
- Sichuan University, Department of Ultrasound, CHINA
| | - Shuang Li
- Technische Universitat Berlin, Chemistry, Hardenbergstraße 40, 10623,, 10623, Berlin, GERMANY
| | - Chong Cheng
- Sichuan University, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, CHINA
| | - Changsheng Zhao
- Sichuan University, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, CHINA
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16
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Garg R, Roman DS, Wang Y, Cohen-Karni D, Cohen-Karni T. Graphene nanostructures for input-output bioelectronics. BIOPHYSICS REVIEWS 2021; 2:041304. [PMID: 35005709 PMCID: PMC8717360 DOI: 10.1063/5.0073870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The ability to manipulate the electrophysiology of electrically active cells and tissues has enabled a deeper understanding of healthy and diseased tissue states. This has primarily been achieved via input/output (I/O) bioelectronics that interface engineered materials with biological entities. Stable long-term application of conventional I/O bioelectronics advances as materials and processing techniques develop. Recent advancements have facilitated the development of graphene-based I/O bioelectronics with a wide variety of functional characteristics. Engineering the structural, physical, and chemical properties of graphene nanostructures and integration with modern microelectronics have enabled breakthrough high-density electrophysiological investigations. Here, we review recent advancements in 2D and 3D graphene-based I/O bioelectronics and highlight electrophysiological studies facilitated by these emerging platforms. Challenges and present potential breakthroughs that can be addressed via graphene bioelectronics are discussed. We emphasize the need for a multidisciplinary approach across materials science, micro-fabrication, and bioengineering to develop the next generation of I/O bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghav Garg
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Daniel San Roman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Yingqiao Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Devora Cohen-Karni
- Preclinical education biochemistry, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine at Seton Hill, Greensburg, Pennsylvania 15601, USA
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17
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Gunawan D, Toe CY, Kumar P, Scott J, Amal R. Synergistic Cyanamide Functionalization and Charge-Induced Activation of Nickel/Carbon Nitride for Enhanced Selective Photoreforming of Ethanol. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:49916-49926. [PMID: 34652901 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c14195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Photoreforming is a promising alternative to water splitting for H2 generation due to the favorable organic oxidation half-reaction and the potential to simultaneously produce solar fuel and value-added chemicals. Recently, carbon nitride has received significant attention as an inexpensive photocatalyst for the photoreforming process. However, the application of carbon nitride continues to be hampered by its poor photocatalytic performance. Herein, we report for the first time a synergistic modification of an in situ photodeposited Ni cocatalyst on carbon nitride via cyanamide functionalization and solid/liquid interfacial charge-induced activation using excess Ni2+ ions. Synergism between the cyanamide functionalization and charge-induced activation by the excess Ni2+ ions invokes enhanced activity, selectivity, and stability during ethanol photoreforming. A H2 evolution rate of 2.32 mmol h-1 g-1 in conjunction with an acetaldehyde production rate of 2.54 mmol h-1 g-1 was attained for the Ni/NCN-CN. The H2 evolution rate and elevated acetaldehyde selectivity (above 98%) remained consistent under prolonged light illumination. To understand the origin of the complementary promotional effects, the contributions of cyanamide groups and excess Ni2+ ions to selective ethanol photoreforming are decoupled and systematically investigated. The cyanamide functionality on carbon nitride was found to promote hole scavenging for the ethanol oxidation reaction, thereby enabling effective electron transfer to the Ni cocatalyst for H2 evolution. Concomitantly, excess Ni2+ ions remaining in solution created a positively charged environment on the photocatalyst surface, which improved charge carrier utilization and ethanol adsorption. The work highlights the importance of both carbon nitride functionality and charge on the photocatalyst surface in developing a selective photocatalytic reforming system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denny Gunawan
- Particles and Catalysis Research Group, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Cui Ying Toe
- Particles and Catalysis Research Group, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Priyank Kumar
- Particles and Catalysis Research Group, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Jason Scott
- Particles and Catalysis Research Group, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Rose Amal
- Particles and Catalysis Research Group, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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18
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Malik S, Marchesan S. Growth, Properties, and Applications of Branched Carbon Nanostructures. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2728. [PMID: 34685169 PMCID: PMC8540255 DOI: 10.3390/nano11102728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nanomaterials featuring branched carbon nanotubes (b-CNTs), nanofibers (b-CNFs), or other types of carbon nanostructures (CNSs) are of great interest due to their outstanding mechanical and electronic properties. They are promising components of nanodevices for a wide variety of advanced applications spanning from batteries and fuel cells to conductive-tissue regeneration in medicine. In this concise review, we describe the methods to produce branched CNSs, with particular emphasis on the most widely used b-CNTs, the experimental and theoretical studies on their properties, and the wide range of demonstrated and proposed applications, highlighting the branching structural features that ultimately allow for enhanced performance relative to traditional, unbranched CNSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharali Malik
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Quantum Materials and Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Silvia Marchesan
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy;
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19
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Recent Advances in Layered-Double-Hydroxides Based Noble Metal Nanoparticles Efficient Electrocatalysts. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11102644. [PMID: 34685086 PMCID: PMC8539300 DOI: 10.3390/nano11102644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
With the energy crisis and environmental pollution becoming more and more serious, it is urgent to develop renewable and clean energy. Hydrogen production from electrolyzed water is of great significance to solve the energy crisis and environmental problems in the future. Recently, layered double hydroxides (LDHs) materials have been widely studied in the electrocatalysis field, due to their unique layered structure, tunable metal species and highly dispersed active sites. Moreover, the LDHs supporting noble metal catalysts obtained through the topotactic transformation of LDHs precursors significantly reduce the energy barrier of electrolyzing water, showing remarkable catalytic activity, good conductivity and excellent durability. In this review, we give an overview of recent advances on LDHs supporting noble metal catalysts, from a brief introduction, to their preparation and modification methods, to an overview of their application in the electrocatalysis field, as well as the challenges and outlooks in this promising field on the basis of current development.
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20
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Sun X, Zhang X, Li Y, Xu Y, Su H, Che W, He J, Zhang H, Liu M, Zhou W, Cheng W, Liu Q. In Situ Construction of Flexible VNi Redox Centers over Ni-Based MOF Nanosheet Arrays for Electrochemical Water Oxidation. SMALL METHODS 2021; 5:e2100573. [PMID: 34927938 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202100573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Atomic-level design and construction of synergistic active centers are central to develop advanced oxygen electrocatalysts toward efficient energy conversion. Herein, an in situ construction strategy to introduce flexible redox sites of VNi centers onto Ni-based metal-organic framework (MOF) nanosheet arrays (NiV-MOF NAs) as a promising oxygen electrocatalyst is developed. The abundant redox VNi centers with flexible metal valence states of V+3/+4/+5 and Ni+3/+2 enable NiV-MOF NAs excellent oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity and a long-term stability under high current densities, achieving current densities of 10 and 100 mA cm-2 at recorded overpotentials of 189 and 290 mV, respectively, and showing ignorable decay of initial activity at 100 mA cm-2 after 100 h OER operation. Operando synchrotron radiation Fourier transform infrared combined with quasi in situ X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopies reveal at atomic level that the flexible V sites can continuously accept electrons from adjacent active Ni sites to accelerate OER kinetics for NiV-MOF NAs during the reaction process, accompanied by a self-optimized structural distortion of VO6 octahedron for promoting the electrochemical stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Sun
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, P. R. China
| | - Xiuxiu Zhang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, P. R. China
| | - Yuanli Li
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, P. R. China
- Fundamental Science on Nuclear Wastes and Environmental Safety Laboratory, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621010, P. R. China
| | - Yanzhi Xu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, P. R. China
| | - Hui Su
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, P. R. China
| | - Wei Che
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, P. R. China
| | - Jingfu He
- School of Materials, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, P. R. China
| | - Meihuan Liu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, P. R. China
| | - Wanlin Zhou
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, P. R. China
| | - Weiren Cheng
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, P. R. China
| | - Qinghua Liu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, P. R. China
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21
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Carbon-Based Composites as Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Media. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14174984. [PMID: 34501072 PMCID: PMC8434594 DOI: 10.3390/ma14174984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This review paper presents the most recent research progress on carbon-based composite electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), which are of interest for application in low temperature water electrolyzers for hydrogen production. The reviewed materials are primarily investigated as active and stable replacements aimed at lowering the cost of the metal electrocatalysts in liquid alkaline electrolyzers as well as potential electrocatalysts for an emerging technology like alkaline exchange membrane (AEM) electrolyzers. Low temperature electrolyzer technologies are first briefly introduced and the challenges thereof are presented. The non-carbon electrocatalysts are briefly overviewed, with an emphasis on the modes of action of different active phases. The main part of the review focuses on the role of carbon–metal compound active phase interfaces with an emphasis on the synergistic and additive effects. The procedures of carbon oxidative pretreatment and an overview of metal-free carbon catalysts for OER are presented. Then, the successful synthesis protocols of composite materials are presented with a discussion on the specific catalytic activity of carbon composites with metal hydroxides/oxyhydroxides/oxides, chalcogenides, nitrides and phosphides. Finally, a summary and outlook on carbon-based composites for low temperature water electrolysis are presented.
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