1
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Xiao H, Yu Z, Liang J, Ding L, Zhu J, Wang Y, Chen S, Xin JH. Wetting Behavior-Induced Interfacial transmission of Energy and Signal: Materials, Mechanisms, and Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2407856. [PMID: 39032113 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202407856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Wetting behaviors can significantly affect the transport of energy and signal (E&S) through vapor, solid, and liquid interfaces, which has prompted increased interest in interfacial science and technology. E&S transmission can be achieved using electricity, light, and heat, which often accompany and interact with each other. Over the past decade, their distinctive transport phenomena during wetting processes have made significant contributions to various domains. However, few studies have analyzed the intricate relationship between wetting behavior and E&S transport. This review summarizes and discusses the mechanisms of electrical, light, and heat transmission at wetting interfaces to elucidate their respective scientific issues, technical characteristics, challenges, commonalities, and potential for technological convergence. The materials, structures, and devices involved in E&S transportation are also analyzed. Particularly, harnessing synergistic advantages in practical applications and constructing advanced, multifunctional, and highly efficient smart systems based on wetted interfaces is the aim to provide strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyuan Xiao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Zilin Yu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Jiechang Liang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Lei Ding
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Jingshuai Zhu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Yuanfeng Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Shiguo Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - John H Xin
- Research Centre of Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
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2
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Zhang Y, Wu C, Jiao S, Gu H, Song Y, Liu Y, Cheng Z. Enhanced and controlled droplet ejection on magnetic responsive polydimethylsiloxane microarrays. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 662:563-571. [PMID: 38367574 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.01.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Efficient removal of droplets from solid surfaces is significant in various fields, including fog collection and condensation heat transfer. However, droplets removal on common surfaces with static structures often occurs passively, which limits the possibility of increasing removal efficiency and lacks intelligent controllability. In this paper, an active strategy based on extrusion ejection is proposed and demonstrated on the magnetic responsive polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) superhydrophobic microplates (MPSM). The MPSM can reversibly transit between the upright and tilted state as the external magnetic field is alternately applied and removed. Under the magnetic field, the direction and trajectories of droplets departure can be intelligently controlled, demonstrating excellent controllability. More importantly, compared with the static structure where the droplet must reach a certain size before departure, droplets can be ejected at smaller sizes as the MPSM is tilted. These advantages are of great significance in many fields, such as a highly efficient fog harvesting system. This strategy of extrusion ejection based on dynamic surface structure control reported in this work may provide fresh ideas for efficient droplet manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource & Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Chao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource & Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Shouzheng Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource & Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Haoyu Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource & Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Yingbin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource & Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Yuyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource & Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China.
| | - Zhongjun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource & Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China.
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3
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Tan MWM, Wang H, Gao D, Huang P, Lee PS. Towards high performance and durable soft tactile actuators. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:3485-3535. [PMID: 38411597 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs01017a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Soft actuators are gaining significant attention due to their ability to provide realistic tactile sensations in various applications. However, their soft nature makes them vulnerable to damage from external factors, limiting actuation stability and device lifespan. The susceptibility to damage becomes higher with these actuators often in direct contact with their surroundings to generate tactile feedback. Upon onset of damage, the stability or repeatability of the device will be undermined. Eventually, when complete failure occurs, these actuators are disposed of, accumulating waste and driving the consumption of natural resources. This emphasizes the need to enhance the durability of soft tactile actuators for continued operation. This review presents the principles of tactile feedback of actuators, followed by a discussion of the mechanisms, advancements, and challenges faced by soft tactile actuators to realize high actuation performance, categorized by their driving stimuli. Diverse approaches to achieve durability are evaluated, including self-healing, damage resistance, self-cleaning, and temperature stability for soft actuators. In these sections, current challenges and potential material designs are identified, paving the way for developing durable soft tactile actuators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Wei Ming Tan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
- Singapore-HUJ Alliance for Research and Enterprise (SHARE), Smart Grippers for Soft Robotics (SGSR), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Dace Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Peiwen Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Pooi See Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
- Singapore-HUJ Alliance for Research and Enterprise (SHARE), Smart Grippers for Soft Robotics (SGSR), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore, 138602, Singapore
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4
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Liang X, Karnaukh KM, Zhao L, Seshadri S, DuBose AJ, Bailey SJ, Cao Q, Cooper M, Xu H, Haggmark M, Helgeson ME, Gordon M, Luzzatto-Fegiz P, Read de Alaniz J, Zhu Y. Dynamic Manipulation of Droplets on Liquid-Infused Surfaces Using Photoresponsive Surfactant. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2024; 10:684-694. [PMID: 38559290 PMCID: PMC10979485 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c00982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Fast and programmable transport of droplets on a substrate is desirable in microfluidic, thermal, biomedical, and energy devices. Photoresponsive surfactants are promising candidates to manipulate droplet motion due to their ability to modify interfacial tension and generate "photo-Marangoni" flow under light stimuli. Previous works have demonstrated photo-Marangoni droplet migration in liquid media; however, migration on other substrates, including solid and liquid-infused surfaces (LIS), remains an outstanding challenge. Moreover, models of photo-Marangoni migration are still needed to identify optimal photoswitches and assess the feasibility of new applications. In this work, we demonstrate 2D droplet motion on liquid surfaces and on LIS, as well as rectilinear motion in solid capillary tubes. We synthesize photoswitches based on spiropyran and merocyanine, capable of tension changes of up to 5.5 mN/m across time scales as short as 1.7 s. A millimeter-sized droplet migrates at up to 5.5 mm/s on a liquid, and 0.25 mm/s on LIS. We observe an optimal droplet size for fast migration, which we explain by developing a scaling model. The model also predicts that faster migration is enabled by surfactants that maximize the ratio between the tension change and the photoswitching time. To better understand migration on LIS, we visualize the droplet flow using tracer particles, and we develop corresponding numerical simulations, finding reasonable agreement. The methods and insights demonstrated in this study enable advances for manipulation of droplets for microfluidic, thermal and water harvesting devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xichen Liang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of California
at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5070, United States
| | - Kseniia M. Karnaukh
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California at
Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5070, United States
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
California at Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106-5070, United States
| | - Serena Seshadri
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California at
Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5070, United States
| | - Austin J. DuBose
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California at
Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5070, United States
| | - Sophia J. Bailey
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California at
Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5070, United States
| | - Qixuan Cao
- Department
of Physics, University of California at
Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5070, United States
| | - Marielle Cooper
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
California at Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106-5070, United States
| | - Hao Xu
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
California at Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106-5070, United States
| | - Michael Haggmark
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of California
at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5070, United States
| | - Matthew E. Helgeson
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of California
at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5070, United States
| | - Michael Gordon
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of California
at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5070, United States
| | - Paolo Luzzatto-Fegiz
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
California at Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106-5070, United States
| | - Javier Read de Alaniz
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California at
Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5070, United States
| | - Yangying Zhu
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
California at Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106-5070, United States
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5
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Vega-Sánchez C, Neto C. Fluid Slip and Drag Reduction on Liquid-Infused Surfaces under High Static Pressure. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:4460-4467. [PMID: 38359379 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Liquid-infused surfaces (LIS) have been shown to reduce the huge frictional drag affecting microfluidic flow and are expected to be more robust than superhydrophobic surfaces when exposed to external pressure as the lubricant in LIS is incompressible. Here, we investigate the effect of applying static pressure on the effective slip length measured on Teflon wrinkled surfaces infused with silicone oil through pressure measurements in microfluidic devices. The effect of static pressure on LIS was found to depend on air content in the flowing water: for degassed water, the average effective slip length was beff = 2.16 ± 0.90 μm, irrespective of applied pressure. In gassed water, the average effective slip length was beff = 4.32 ± 1.06 μm at zero applied pressure, decreased by 55% to 2.37 ± 0.90 μm when the pressure was increased to 50 kPa, and then remained constant up to 200 kPa. The result is due to nanobubbles present on LIS, which are compressed or partially dissolved under pressure, and the effect is more evident when the size and portion of surface nanobubbles are higher. In contrast, on superhydrophobic wrinkles, the decline in beff was more sensitive to applied pressure, with beff = 6.8 ± 1.4 μm at 0 kPa and, on average, beff = -1 ± 3 μm for pressures higher than 50 kPa for both gassed and degassed water. Large fluctuations in the experimental measurements were observed on superhydrophobic wrinkles, suggesting the nucleation of large bubbles on the surface. The same pressure increase did not affect the flow on smooth substrates, on which gas nanobubbles were not observed. Contrary to expectations, we observed that drag reduction in LIS is affected by applied pressure, which we conclude is because, in a similar manner to superhydrophobic surfaces, they lose the interfacial gas, which lubricates the flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Vega-Sánchez
- School of Electromechanical Engineering, Costa Rica Institute of Technology, Cartago 159-7050, Costa Rica
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Chiara Neto
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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6
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Song J, Liu J, Li M, Li S, Kappl M, Butt HJ, Hou Y, Yeung KL. Hierarchically Branched Siloxane Brushes for Efficient Harvesting of Atmospheric Water. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2301561. [PMID: 37096929 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric water harvesting is considered a viable source of freshwater to alleviate water scarcity in an arid climate. Water condensation tends to be more efficient on superhydrophobic surfaces as the spontaneous coalescence-induced droplet jumping on superhydrophobic surfaces enables faster condensate removal. However, poor water nucleation on these surfaces leads to meager water harvest. A conventional approach to the problem is to fabricate micro- and nanoscale biphilic structures. Nonetheless, the process is complex, expensive, and difficult to scale. Here, the authors present an inexpensive and scalable method based on manipulating the water-repellent coatings of superhydrophobic surfaces. Flexible siloxane can facilitate water nucleation, while a branched structure promotes efficient droplet jumping. Moreover, ToF-SIMS analysis indicated that branched siloxane provides a better water-repellent coating coverage than linear siloxane and the siloxanes comprise hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecular segments. Thus, the as-prepared superhydrophobic surface, TiO2 nanorods coated with branched siloxanes harvested eight times more water than a typical fluoroalkylsilane (FAS)-coated surface under a low 30% relative humidity and performed better than most reported biphasic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Song
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael Kappl
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hans-Jürgen Butt
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Youmin Hou
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - King Lun Yeung
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Division of Environment and Sustainability, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- HKUST Shenzhen-Hong Kong Collaborative Innovation Research Institute, Futian, Shenzhen, China
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7
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Rezaee B, Mahlouji Taheri M, Pakzad H, Fakhri M, Moosavi A, Aryanpour M. Enhancement of Dropwise Condensation Heat Transfer through a Sprayable Superhydrophobic Coating. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023. [PMID: 37267064 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Improving the shedding rate of condensed droplets has many applications in industries and daily problems, including increasing heat transfer and self-cleaning properties. One way to achieve this goal is by enhancement of the wetting properties of surfaces. In this research, the hierarchical superhydrophobic coating over aluminum has been applied using a relatively cost-effective method, spraying, which is also applicable to any metal surface used as a condenser. According to the results obtained from the experimental tests, the fabricated surface is highly superhydrophobic, with a contact angle of 158° and contact angle hysteresis of less than 5°. The results show that the presented surface increases the heat transfer coefficient by 20.6% at the subcooling temperature of 25.5 °C when the surface temperature and relative humidity are 70 °C and 98%, respectively. In addition, this coated surface showed great potential at lower surface temperatures by increasing the water condensation rate as much as 50.5% at the subcooling temperature of 12 °C, when the surface temperature and relative humidity are 11.25 °C and 70%, respectively. Therefore, it is found that for the fabricated superhydrophobic paint in the present study, the effectiveness of the dropwise condensation mode profoundly depends on surface temperatures besides subcooling temperatures. In other words, a surface with lower temperatures shows better performance for the same subcooling temperatures. In addition, various types of durability tests are carried out. The results reveal that this coating has good durability against high surface temperatures, submerged conditions for 30 days, imposing hot steam for 150 h, corrosion, and organic solvents. Hence, it is suitable for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Rezaee
- Center of Excellence in Energy Conversion (CEEC), School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Avenue, P.O. Box 11365-9567, Tehran P932+FM4, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Mahlouji Taheri
- Center of Excellence in Energy Conversion (CEEC), School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Avenue, P.O. Box 11365-9567, Tehran P932+FM4, Iran
| | - Hossein Pakzad
- Center of Excellence in Energy Conversion (CEEC), School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Avenue, P.O. Box 11365-9567, Tehran P932+FM4, Iran
| | - Mohammadali Fakhri
- Center of Excellence in Energy Conversion (CEEC), School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Avenue, P.O. Box 11365-9567, Tehran P932+FM4, Iran
| | - Ali Moosavi
- Center of Excellence in Energy Conversion (CEEC), School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Avenue, P.O. Box 11365-9567, Tehran P932+FM4, Iran
| | - Masoud Aryanpour
- Center of Excellence in Energy Conversion (CEEC), School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Avenue, P.O. Box 11365-9567, Tehran P932+FM4, Iran
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8
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Mohd G, Majid K, Lone S. Synergetic Role of Nano-/Microscale Structures of the Trifolium Leaf Surface for Self-Cleaning Properties. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:6178-6187. [PMID: 37071560 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Wetting has an essential pertinence to surface applications. The exemplary water-repelling and self-cleaning surfaces in nature have stimulated considerable scientific exploration, given their practical leverage in cleaning window glasses, painted surfaces, fabrics, and solar cells. Here, we explored the three-tier hierarchical surface structure of the Trifolium leaf with distinguished self-cleaning characteristics. The leaf remains fresh, withstands adverse weather, thrives throughout the year, and self-cleans itself against mud or dust. Self-cleaning features are attributed to a three-tier hierarchical synergetic design. The leaf surface is explicated by an optical microscope, a scanning electron microscope, a three-dimensional profilometer, and a water contact angle measuring device. Hierarchical base roughness (i.e., nano-/microscale) comprises a fascinating arrangement, which imparts a superhydrophobic feature to the surface. As a result, the contaminants present on the leaf surface are washed with rolling water droplets. We noticed that self-cleaning is a function of impacting or rolling droplets, and the rolling mechanism is identified as efficient. The self-cleaning phenomenon is studied for contaminations of variable sizes, shapes, and compositions. The contaminations are supplied in both dry and aqueous mixtures. Furthermore, we examined the self-cleaning effect of the Trifolium leaf surface by atmospheric water harvesting. The captured water drops fuse, roll, descend, and wash away the contaminating particles. The diversity of contaminants investigated makes this study applicable to different environmental conditions. And, along with other parallel technologies, this investigation could be useful for crafting sustainable self-cleaning surfaces for regions with acute water scarcity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghulam Mohd
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology (NIT), Srinagar, J&K 190006, India
- iDREAM (Interdisciplinary Division for Renewable Energy & Advanced Materials), NIT, Srinagar, J&K 190006, India
| | - Kowsar Majid
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology (NIT), Srinagar, J&K 190006, India
- iDREAM (Interdisciplinary Division for Renewable Energy & Advanced Materials), NIT, Srinagar, J&K 190006, India
| | - Saifullah Lone
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology (NIT), Srinagar, J&K 190006, India
- iDREAM (Interdisciplinary Division for Renewable Energy & Advanced Materials), NIT, Srinagar, J&K 190006, India
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9
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Upot NV, Fazle Rabbi K, Khodakarami S, Ho JY, Kohler Mendizabal J, Miljkovic N. Advances in micro and nanoengineered surfaces for enhancing boiling and condensation heat transfer: a review. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:1232-1270. [PMID: 36866258 PMCID: PMC9972872 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00669c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Liquid-vapor phase change phenomena such as boiling and condensation are processes widely implemented in industrial systems such as power plants, refrigeration and air conditioning systems, desalination plants, water processing installations and thermal management devices due to their enhanced heat transfer capability when compared to single-phase processes. The last decade has seen significant advances in the development and application of micro and nanostructured surfaces to enhance phase change heat transfer. Phase change heat transfer enhancement mechanisms on micro and nanostructures are significantly different from those on conventional surfaces. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the effects of micro and nanostructure morphology and surface chemistry on phase change phenomena. Our review elucidates how various rational designs of micro and nanostructures can be utilized to increase heat flux and heat transfer coefficient in the case of both boiling and condensation at different environmental conditions by manipulating surface wetting and nucleation rate. We also discuss phase change heat transfer performance of liquids having higher surface tension such as water and lower surface tension liquids such as dielectric fluids, hydrocarbons and refrigerants. We discuss the effects of micro/nanostructures on boiling and condensation in both external quiescent and internal flow conditions. The review also outlines limitations of micro/nanostructures and discusses the rational development of structures to mitigate these limitations. We end the review by summarizing recent machine learning approaches for predicting heat transfer performance of micro and nanostructured surfaces in boiling and condensation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nithin Vinod Upot
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Kazi Fazle Rabbi
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Siavash Khodakarami
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Jin Yao Ho
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Republic of Singapore
| | - Johannes Kohler Mendizabal
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Nenad Miljkovic
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
- International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
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10
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Wang X, Bai H, Li Z, Cao M. Fluid manipulation via multifunctional lubricant infused slippery surfaces: principle, design and applications. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:588-608. [PMID: 36633123 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01547a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Water-repellent interfaces with high performance have emerged as an indispensable platform for developing advanced materials and devices. Inspired by the pitcher plant, slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces (SLIPSs) with reliable hydrophobicity have proven to possess great potential for various applications in droplet and bubble manipulation, droplet energy harvesting, condensation, fog collection, anti-icing, and anti-biofouling due to their excellent properties such as persistent surface hydrophobicity, molecular smoothness, and fluidity. This review aims to introduce the development history of interaction between SLIPSs and fluids as well as the design principles, preparation methods, and various applications of some of the more typical SLIPSs. The fluid manipulation strategies of the slippery surfaces have been proposed including the wettability pattern, oriented micro-structure, and geometric gradient. At last, the application prospects of SLIPSs in various fields and the challenges in the design and fabrication of slippery surfaces are analyzed. We envision that this review can provide an overview of the fluid manipulating processes on slippery surfaces for researchers in both academic and industrial fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinsheng Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China.
| | - Haoyu Bai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China.
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Moyuan Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China.
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China.
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11
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Long Y, Wang Z, Xu F, Jiang B, Xiao J, Yang J, Wang ZL, Hu W. Mechanically Ultra-Robust, Elastic, Conductive, and Multifunctional Hybrid Hydrogel for a Triboelectric Nanogenerator and Flexible/Wearable Sensor. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2203956. [PMID: 36228096 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202203956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Flexibility/wearable electronics such as strain/pressure sensors in human-machine interactions (HMI) are highly developed nowadays. However, challenges remain because of the lack of flexibility, fatigue resistance, and versatility, leading to mechanical damage to device materials during practical applications. In this work, a triple-network conductive hydrogel is fabricated by combining 2D Ti3 C2 Tx nanosheets with two kinds of 1D polymer chains, polyacrylamide, and polyvinyl alcohol. The Ti3 C2 Tx nanosheets act as the crosslinkers, which combine the two polymer chains of PAM and PVA via hydrogen bonds. Such a unique structure endows the hydrogel (MPP-hydrogel) with merits such as mechanical ultra-robust, super-elasticity, and excellent fatigue resistance. More importantly, the introduced Ti3 C2 Tx nanosheets not only enhance the hydrogel's conductivity but help form double electric layers (DELs) between the MXene nanosheets and the free water molecules inside the MPP-hydrogel. When the MPP-hydrogel is used as the electrode of the triboelectric nanogenerator (MPP-TENG), due to the dynamic balance of the DELs under the initial potential difference generated from the contact electrification as the driving force, an enhanced electrical output of the TENG is generated. Moreover, flexible strain/pressure sensors for tiny and low-frequency human motion detection are achieved. This work demonstrates a promising flexible electronic material for e-skin and HMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Long
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
| | - Fan Xu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Bin Jiang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
| | - Junfeng Xiao
- School of Electronic Communication Technology, Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology, Shenzhen, 518172, P. R. China
| | - Jun Yang
- Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0245, USA
| | - Weiguo Hu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
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12
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Yao X, Lin W, Wang M, Wang S. Nature-Inspired High Temperature Scale-Resistant Slippery Lubricant-Induced Porous Surfaces (HTS-SLIPS). SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2203615. [PMID: 36148852 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202203615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Scale formation is a longstanding and unresolved problem in a number of fields, including power production, petroleum exploration, thermal desalination, and construction. Herein, a high-temperature scale-resistant slippery lubricant-induced surface (HTS-SLIPS) is developed by one-step electrodeposition and lubricant infusion. The fractal cauliflower-like morphology with lubricant oil is conducive to forming an ultralow contact angle hysteresis of ≈1°. The 10-d real-world boiling trial indicates that by replacing the uncoated surface with HTS-SLIPS, the reduction in scale mass is greater than 200% because of the low surface free energy (4.3 mJ m-2 ) and outstanding smoothness (Ra = 41 ± 8 nm) of HTS-SLIPS. Thanks to the scale retardation, the bubble departure frequency of HTS-SLIPS is eightfold higher than that of uncoated surfaces, signifying superior heat transfer efficiency. In these demonstrations, HTS-SLIPS coated spiral tube exhibits better flowability and lower pressure drop than the uncoated one. In addition, favorable compatibility between HTS-SLIPS and mechanical vibration is experimentally verified to strengthen the descaling of SLIPS synergistically. It is anticipated that the simple and scalable coating fabrication approach will be applicable in numerous industrial high-temperature processes where scale formation is encountered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Yao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Wenzhu Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Mingmei Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Steven Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
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13
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Wang X, Xu B, Chen Z, Del Col D, Li D, Zhang L, Mou X, Liu Q, Yang Y, Cao Q. Review of droplet dynamics and dropwise condensation enhancement: Theory, experiments and applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 305:102684. [PMID: 35525088 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Droplet dynamics and condensation phenomena are widespread in nature and industrial applications, and the fundamentals of various technological applications. Currently, with the rapid development of interfacial materials, microfluidics, micro/nano fabrication technology, as well as the intersection of fluid mechanics, interfacial mechanics, heat and mass transfer, thermodynamics and reaction kinetics and other disciplines, the preparation and design of various novel functional surfaces have contributed to the local modulation of droplets (including nucleation, jumping and directional migration) and the improvement of condensation heat transfer, further deepening the understanding of relevant mechanisms. The wetting and dynamic characteristics of droplets involve complex solid-liquid interfacial interactions, so that the local modulation of microdroplets and the extension of enhanced condensation heat transfer by means of complex micro/nano structures and hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties is one of the current hot topics in heat and mass transfer research. This work presents a detailed review of several scientific issues related to the droplet dynamics and dropwise condensation heat transfer under the influence of multiple factors (including fluid property, surface structure, wettability, temperature external field, etc.). Firstly, the basic theory of droplet wetting on the solid wall is introduced, and the mechanism of solid-liquid interfacial interaction involving droplet jumping and directional migration on the functional surfaces under the various influencing factors is discussed. Optimizing the surface structure for the local modulation of droplets is of guidance for condensation heat transfer. Secondly, we summarize the existing theoretical models of dropwise condensation applicable to various functional surfaces and briefly outline the current numerical models for simulating dropwise condensation at different scales, as well as the fabricating techniques of coatings and functional surfaces for enhancing heat transfer. Finally, the relevant problems and challenges are summarized and future research is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Bo Xu
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Zhenqian Chen
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China; Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Solar Energy Science and Technology, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China.
| | - Davide Del Col
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Dong Li
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Leigang Zhang
- School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xinzhu Mou
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Qiusheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Microgravity, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- Engineering and technology center for space applications, Chinese academy of sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Qian Cao
- Engineering and technology center for space applications, Chinese academy of sciences, Beijing, PR China
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14
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Monga D, Guo Z, Shan L, Taba SA, Sarma J, Dai X. Quasi-Liquid Surfaces for Sustainable High-Performance Steam Condensation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:13932-13941. [PMID: 35287435 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable high-performance steam condensation is critical to reducing the size, weight, and cost of water and energy systems. It is well-known that dropwise condensation can provide a significantly higher heat-transfer coefficient than filmwise condensation. Tremendous efforts have been spent to promote dropwise condensation by achieving a nonwetting state on superhydrophobic surfaces and a slippery state on liquid-infused surfaces, but these surfaces suffer from severe durability challenges. Here, we report sustainable high-performance dropwise condensation of steam on newly developed durable quasi-liquid surfaces, which are easily made by chemically bonding quasi-liquid polymer molecules on solid substrates. As a result, the solid/water interface is changed to a quasi-liquid/water interface with minimal adhesion and extraordinary durability. The quasi-liquid surface with ultralow contact angle hysteresis down to 1° showed a heat-transfer coefficient up to 70 and 380% higher than those on conventional hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces, respectively. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the quasi-liquid coating exhibited a sustainable heat-transfer coefficient of 71 kW/(m2 K) at a heat flux of 420 kW/m2 under a prolonged period of 39 h in continuous steam condensation. Such a quasi-liquid surface has the potential to sustain high-performance dropwise condensation of steam and address the long-standing durability challenge in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Monga
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Zongqi Guo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Li Shan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Seyed Adib Taba
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Jyotirmoy Sarma
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Xianming Dai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
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15
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16
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Pei J, Liao Y, Li Q, Shi K, Fu J, Hu X, Huang Z, Xue L, Xiao X, Liu K. Single-layer graphene prevents Cassie-wetting failure of structured hydrophobic surface for efficient condensation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 615:302-308. [PMID: 35149348 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.01.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Structured hydrophobic surfaces often suffer from Cassie-wetting failure due to trapped water in structure gaps for a long-term operation. Sustainable Cassie-wetting on such surface could be achieved by coating an atom-thick and moisture-impermeable graphene on it. EXPERIMENTS Water contact angles were measured to clarify the effect of graphene on wetting, and water impermeability was verified by moisture deposition and evaporation. Sliding angle measurements and vapor condensation were carried out to demonstrate the stable Cassie-state wetting and application. FINDINGS Interestingly we found the graphene does not significantly disrupt the wetting behavior of the structured hydrophobic surface, showing a wettability transparency. Moreover, the impermeability of graphene keeps moisture away from the structure gaps. Owning to the combination of these two properties, droplets on the graphene-coated structured surface exhibit a stable Cassie-state hydrophobic wetting, even under the situation of moisture deposition and evaporation. Using the modified surface, we also found a 40-100% increase in condensation efficiency for a 5-hour vapor condensation at a subcooling of 40 °C. These results suggest an effective strategy to prevent Cassie-wetting failure of structured hydrophobic surface and are expected to promote its further application in more complex conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxian Pei
- MOE Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Machinery Transients, School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China; State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Water Resource & Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yutian Liao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Machinery Transients, School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Qian Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Machinery Transients, School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Kui Shi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Machinery Transients, School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Jia Fu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Machinery Transients, School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Xuejiao Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Machinery Transients, School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Zhi Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Machinery Transients, School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China.
| | - Longjian Xue
- MOE Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Machinery Transients, School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China.
| | - Xu Xiao
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313001, China; School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Kang Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Machinery Transients, School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China.
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17
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Tran H, He Z, Sakakeeny J, Ling Y, Pack MY. Oscillation Dynamics of Drops on Immiscible Thin Liquid Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:1243-1251. [PMID: 35025520 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c03029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
While drop oscillation dynamics has been widely studied for many decades, the influence of a moving contact line on the oscillation modes of drops remains underexplored. Herein, we report the oscillation dynamics of drops on thin liquid films with different viscosities where lower viscosities provide a slipping surface and higher viscosities immobilize the contact line. A gently deposited drop onto an oil film undergoes shape oscillations due to capillarity, where the frequency, amplitude, and apparent contact angle are tracked via a high-speed camera. This study demonstrates that restraining the mobility of the drop contact line by increasing the viscosity of a thin oil film underneath the drop increases the extent of the drop oscillation time as well as affecting the natural frequency of the drop oscillation. The drop oscillation time was defined by the time at which the changes in the drop height dropped to values less than 1% of the equilibrium height. The experimental results for the first longitudinal mode oscillation frequencies as a function of the equilibrium contact angles for the pinning and slipping contact lines were in good agreement with previously reported numerical simulations and model predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huy Tran
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97356, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
| | - Ziwen He
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97356, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
| | - Jordan Sakakeeny
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97356, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
| | - Yue Ling
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97356, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
| | - Min Y Pack
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97356, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
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18
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Jin Y, Xu W, Zhang H, Li R, Sun J, Yang S, Liu M, Mao H, Wang Z. Electrostatic tweezer for droplet manipulation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2105459119. [PMID: 34992136 PMCID: PMC8764671 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2105459119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Various physical tweezers for manipulating liquid droplets based on optical, electrical, magnetic, acoustic, or other external fields have emerged and revolutionized research and application in medical, biological, and environmental fields. Despite notable progress, the existing modalities for droplet control and manipulation are still limited by the extra responsive additives and relatively poor controllability in terms of droplet motion behaviors, such as distance, velocity, and direction. Herein, we report a versatile droplet electrostatic tweezer (DEST) for remotely and programmatically trapping or guiding the liquid droplets under diverse conditions, such as in open and closed spaces and on flat and tilted surfaces as well as in oil medium. DEST, leveraging on the coulomb attraction force resulting from its electrostatic induction to a droplet, could manipulate droplets of various compositions, volumes, and arrays on various substrates, offering a potential platform for a series of applications, such as high-throughput surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy detection with single measuring time less than 20 s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuankai Jin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanghuai Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanhuan Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruirui Li
- Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyan Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Minjie Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyang Mao
- Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuankai Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 999077, People's Republic of China;
- Research Center for Nature-Inspired Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 999077, People's Republic of China
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19
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Chen F, Wang Y, Tian Y, Zhang D, Song J, Crick CR, Carmalt CJ, Parkin IP, Lu Y. Robust and durable liquid-repellent surfaces. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:8476-8583. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01033b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This review provides a comprehensive summary of characterization, design, fabrication, and application of robust and durable liquid-repellent surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faze Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yaquan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Yanling Tian
- School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Dawei Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jinlong Song
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Colin R. Crick
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Claire J. Carmalt
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Ivan P. Parkin
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Yao Lu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
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20
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Tang Q, Liu X, Cui X, Su Z, Zheng H, Tang J, Joo SW. Contactless Discharge-Driven Droplet Motion on a Nonslippery Polymer Surface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:14697-14702. [PMID: 34894688 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Droplet manipulation is the cornerstone of many modern technologies. It is still challenging to drive the droplet motion on nonslippery surfaces flexibly. We present a droplet manipulation method on nonslippery polymer surfaces based on the corona discharge. With the corona discharge of two-needle electrodes with opposite polarities, the droplet's charge polarity can be switched, which results in the directionally droplet transport on a charged polymer surface with the oscillation. Here, such droplet behaviors are presented in detail. Dependence of the motion on the critical distance and driving distance between the droplet and the needle electrode is revealed. The driving mechanism is verified by experiments and simulations. This work enriches the droplet manipulation techniques on nonslippery surfaces for various applications, such as combinatory chemistry, biochemical, and medical detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Tang
- The Institute of Technological Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiaxia Cui
- The Institute of Technological Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhenpeng Su
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Huai Zheng
- The Institute of Technological Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jau Tang
- The Institute of Technological Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Sang Woo Joo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
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21
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Zheng SF, Gross U, Wang XD. Dropwise condensation: From fundamentals of wetting, nucleation, and droplet mobility to performance improvement by advanced functional surfaces. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 295:102503. [PMID: 34411880 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
As a ubiquitous vapor-liquid phase-change process, dropwise condensation has attracted tremendous research attention owing to its remarkable efficiency of energy transfer and transformative industrial potential. In recent years, advanced functional surfaces, profiting from great progress in modifying micro/nanoscale features and surface chemistry on surfaces, have led to exciting advances in both heat transfer enhancement and fundamental understanding of dropwise condensation. In this review, we discuss the development of some key components for achieving performance improvement of dropwise condensation, including surface wettability, nucleation, droplet mobility, and growth, and discuss how they can be elaborately controlled as desired using surface design. We also present an overview of dropwise condensation heat transfer enhancement on advanced functional surfaces along with the underlying mechanisms, such as jumping condensation on nanostructured superhydrophobic surfaces, and new condensation characteristics (e.g., Laplace pressure-driven droplet motion, hierarchical condensation, and sucking flow condensation) on hierarchically structured surfaces. Finally, the durability, cost, and scalability of specific functional surfaces are focused on for future industrial applications. The existing challenges, alternative strategies, as well as future perspectives, are essential in the fundamental and applied aspects for the practical implementation of dropwise condensation.
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