1
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Johannsen S, Gruber M, Barreteau C, Seredyuk M, Antonio Real J, Markussen T, Berndt R. Spin-Crossover and Fragmentation of Fe(neoim) 2 on Silver and Gold. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:7814-7823. [PMID: 37623823 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The neutral spin crossover complex Fe(neoim)2, neoim being the deprotonated form of the ionogenic ligand 2-(1H-imidazol-2-yl)-9-methyl-1,10-phenanthroline (neoimH), is investigated on the (111) surfaces of Au and Ag using scanning tunneling microscopy and density functional theory calculations. The complex sublimates and adsorbs intact on Ag(111), where it exhibits an electron-induced spin crossover. However, it fragments on Au. According to density functional theory calculations, the adsorbed complex is drastically distorted by the interactions with the substrates, in particular by van der Waals forces. Dispersion interaction is also decisive for the relative stabilities of the low- and high-spin states of the adsorbed complex. The unexpected instability of the complex on the gold substrate is attributed to enhanced covalent bonding of the fragments to the substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Johannsen
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Manuel Gruber
- Faculty of Physics and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Cyrille Barreteau
- Université Paris-Saclay CEA, CNRS SPEC, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Maksym Seredyuk
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol)/Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Valencia, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64/13 Volodymyrska Street 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - José Antonio Real
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol)/Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Valencia, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Richard Berndt
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098 Kiel, Germany
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2
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Grunwald J, Torres J, Buchholz A, Näther C, Kämmerer L, Gruber M, Rohlf S, Thakur S, Wende H, Plass W, Kuch W, Tuczek F. Defying the inverse energy gap law: a vacuum-evaporable Fe(ii) low-spin complex with a long-lived LIESST state. Chem Sci 2023; 14:7361-7380. [PMID: 37416721 PMCID: PMC10321519 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc00561e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The novel vacuum-evaporable complex [Fe(pypypyr)2] (pypypyr = bipyridyl pyrrolide) was synthesised and analysed as bulk material and as a thin film. In both cases, the compound is in its low-spin state up to temperatures of at least 510 K. Thus, it is conventionally considered a pure low-spin compound. According to the inverse energy gap law, the half time of the light-induced excited high-spin state of such compounds at temperatures approaching 0 K is expected to be in the regime of micro- or nanoseconds. In contrast to these expectations, the light-induced high-spin state of the title compound has a half time of several hours. We attribute this behaviour to a large structural difference between the two spin states along with four distinct distortion coordinates associated with the spin transition. This leads to a breakdown of single-mode behaviour and thus drastically decreases the relaxation rate of the metastable high-spin state. These unprecedented properties open up new strategies for the development of compounds showing light-induced excited spin state trapping (LIESST) at high temperatures, potentially around room temperature, which is relevant for applications in molecular spintronics, sensors, displays and the like.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Grunwald
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel 24098 Kiel Germany +49 431 880 1520 +49 431 880 1410
| | - Jorge Torres
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 14 14195 Berlin Germany +49 30 838 452098 +49 30 838 52098
| | - Axel Buchholz
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Christian Näther
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel 24098 Kiel Germany +49 431 880 1520 +49 431 880 1410
| | - Lea Kämmerer
- Fakultät für Physik and CENIDE, Universität Duisburg-Essen 47048 Duisburg Germany
| | - Manuel Gruber
- Fakultät für Physik and CENIDE, Universität Duisburg-Essen 47048 Duisburg Germany
| | - Sebastian Rohlf
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel 24098 Kiel Germany
| | - Sangeeta Thakur
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 14 14195 Berlin Germany +49 30 838 452098 +49 30 838 52098
| | - Heiko Wende
- Fakultät für Physik and CENIDE, Universität Duisburg-Essen 47048 Duisburg Germany
| | - Winfried Plass
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kuch
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 14 14195 Berlin Germany +49 30 838 452098 +49 30 838 52098
| | - Felix Tuczek
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel 24098 Kiel Germany +49 431 880 1520 +49 431 880 1410
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3
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Yazdani S, Phillips J, Ekanayaka TK, Cheng R, Dowben PA. The Influence of the Substrate on the Functionality of Spin Crossover Molecular Materials. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093735. [PMID: 37175145 PMCID: PMC10180229 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Spin crossover complexes are a route toward designing molecular devices with a facile readout due to the change in conductance that accompanies the change in spin state. Because substrate effects are important for any molecular device, there are increased efforts to characterize the influence of the substrate on the spin state transition. Several classes of spin crossover molecules deposited on different types of surface, including metallic and non-metallic substrates, are comprehensively reviewed here. While some non-metallic substrates like graphite seem to be promising from experimental measurements, theoretical and experimental studies indicate that 2D semiconductor surfaces will have minimum interaction with spin crossover molecules. Most metallic substrates, such as Au and Cu, tend to suppress changes in spin state and affect the spin state switching process due to the interaction at the molecule-substrate interface that lock spin crossover molecules in a particular spin state or mixed spin state. Of course, the influence of the substrate on a spin crossover thin film depends on the molecular film thickness and perhaps the method used to deposit the molecular film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Yazdani
- Department of Physics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Jared Phillips
- Department of Physics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Thilini K Ekanayaka
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Jorgensen Hall, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588-0299, USA
| | - Ruihua Cheng
- Department of Physics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Peter A Dowben
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Jorgensen Hall, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588-0299, USA
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4
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Montenegro-Pohlhammer N, Kuppusamy SK, Cárdenas-Jirón G, Calzado CJ, Ruben M. Computational demonstration of isomer- and spin-state-dependent charge transport in molecular junctions composed of charge-neutral iron(II) spin-crossover complexes. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:1229-1240. [PMID: 36606462 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02598a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Chemistry offers a multitude of opportunities towards harnessing functional molecular materials with application propensity. One emerging area of interest is molecular spintronics, in which charge and spin degrees of freedom have been used to achieve power-efficient device architectures. Herein, we show that, with the aid of state-of-the-art quantum chemical calculations on designer molecular junctions, the conductance and spin filtering capabilities are molecular structure-dependent. As inferred from the calculations, structural control over the transport can be achieved by changing the position of the thiomethyl (SMe) anchoring groups for Au(111) electrodes in a set of isomeric 2,2'-bipyridine-based metal coordinating ligand entities L1 and L2. The computational studies on heteroleptic iron(II) coordination complexes (1 and 2) composed of L1 and L2 reveal that switching the spin-state of the iron(II) centers, from the low-spin (LS) to high-spin (HS) state, by means of an external electric field stimulus, could, in theory, be performed. Such switching, known as spin-crossover (SCO), renders charge transport through single-molecule junctions of 1 and 2 spin-state-dependent, and the HS junctions are more conductive than the LS junctions for both complexes. Additionally, the LS and HS junctions based on complex 1 are more conductive than those featuring complex 2. Moreover, it is predicted that the spin filtering efficiency (SFE) of the HS junctions strongly depends on the bridging complex geometry, with 1 showing a voltage-dependent SFE, whereas 2 exhibits an SFE of practically 100% over all the studied voltage range. To be pragmatic towards applications, the ligands L1 and L2 and complex 1 have been successfully synthesized, and the spin-state switching propensity of 1 in the bulk state has been elucidated. The results shown in this study might lead to the synthesis and characterization of isomeric SCO complexes with tuneable spin-state switching and charge transport properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Montenegro-Pohlhammer
- Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), 9170022, Santiago, Chile.
- Departamento de Química Física. Universidad de Sevilla, c/Profesor García González, s/n., 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Senthil Kumar Kuppusamy
- Institute of Quantum Materials and Technologies (IQMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Gloria Cárdenas-Jirón
- Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), 9170022, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Carmen J Calzado
- Departamento de Química Física. Universidad de Sevilla, c/Profesor García González, s/n., 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Mario Ruben
- Institute of Quantum Materials and Technologies (IQMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
- Centre Européen de Sciences Quantiques (CESQ), Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaire (ISIS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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5
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Zhou H, Hu X, Fang WH, Su NQ. Revealing intrinsic spin coupling in transition metal-doped graphene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:16300-16309. [PMID: 35758476 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00906d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Graphene materials offer attractive possibilities in spintronics due to their unique atomic and electronic structures, which is in contrast to their limited applications in the design of sophisticated spintronic devices. This should be attributed to the lack of knowledge about the intrinsic characteristics of graphene materials, especially the diverse correlations between sites within the materials and their roles in spin-signal generation and propagation. This work comprehensively studies the spin couplings between transition metal atoms doped on graphene and reveals their potential application in spintronic device design through the realization of various logic gates. In addition, the effects of the distance between doped metal atoms and the number of carbon layers on the logic gate implementation further verify that the spin-coupling effect can exhibit a certain distance dependence and space propagation. The achievements in this work uncover the potential value of graphene materials and are expected to open up new avenues for exploring their application in the design of sophisticated spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) and Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Xiuli Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) and Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Wei-Hai Fang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) and Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China. .,Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Neil Qiang Su
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) and Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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6
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Kuppusamy SK, Mizuno A, García-Fuente A, van der Poel S, Heinrich B, Ferrer J, van der Zant HSJ, Ruben M. Spin-Crossover in Supramolecular Iron(II)-2,6-bis(1 H-Pyrazol-1-yl)pyridine Complexes: Toward Spin-State Switchable Single-Molecule Junctions. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:13654-13666. [PMID: 35559184 PMCID: PMC9088905 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c07217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Spin-crossover (SCO) active iron(II) complexes are an integral class of switchable and bistable molecular materials. Spin-state switching properties of the SCO complexes have been studied in the bulk and single-molecule levels to progress toward fabricating molecule-based switching and memory elements. Supramolecular SCO complexes featuring anchoring groups for metallic electrodes, for example, gold (Au), are ideal candidates to study spin-state switching at the single-molecule level. In this study, we report on the spin-state switching characteristics of supramolecular iron(II) complexes 1 and 2 composed of functional 4-([2,2'-bithiophen]-5-ylethynyl)-2,6-di(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyridine (L1) and 4-(2-(5-(5-hexylthiophen-2-yl)thiophen-2-yl)ethynyl)-2,6-di(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyridine (L2) ligands, respectively. Density functional theory (DFT) studies revealed stretching-induced spin-state switching in a molecular junction composed of complex 1, taken as a representative example, and gold electrodes. Single-molecule conductance traces revealed the unfavorable orientation of the complexes in the junctions to demonstrate the spin-state dependence of the conductance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senthil Kumar Kuppusamy
- Institute
for Quantum Materials and Technologies (IQMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Asato Mizuno
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Amador García-Fuente
- Departamento
de Física, Universidad de Oviedo, ES-33007 Oviedo, Spain
- Centro
de Investigación en Nanotecnología y Nanomateriales
(CINN, CSIC), El Entrego ES-33940, Spain
| | - Sebastiaan van der Poel
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, PO Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Benoît Heinrich
- Institut
de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), CNRS-Université de Strasbourg,
23, rue du Loess, BP 43, 67034 cedex
2 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jaime Ferrer
- Departamento
de Física, Universidad de Oviedo, ES-33007 Oviedo, Spain
- Centro
de Investigación en Nanotecnología y Nanomateriales
(CINN, CSIC), El Entrego ES-33940, Spain
| | - Herre S. J. van der Zant
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, PO Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Mario Ruben
- Institute
for Quantum Materials and Technologies (IQMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Université
de Strasbourg (Unistra), Institute de Science et d′Ingénierie
Supramoléculaire (ISIS), Centre Européen de Science
Quantique (CESQ), 8,
Allée Gaspard Monge, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
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7
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Johannsen S, Ossinger S, Grunwald J, Herman A, Wende H, Tuczek F, Gruber M, Berndt R. Spin Crossover in a Cobalt Complex on Ag(111). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202115892. [PMID: 35032345 PMCID: PMC9303790 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202115892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The Co‐based complex [Co(H2B(pz)(pypz))2] (py=pyridine, pz=pyrazole) deposited on Ag(111) was investigated with scanning tunneling microscopy at ≈5 K. Due to a bis(tridentate) coordination sphere the molecules aggregate mainly into tetramers. Individual complexes in these tetramers undergo reversible transitions between two states with characteristic image contrasts when current is passed through them or one of their neighbors. Two molecules exhibit this bistability while the other two molecules are stable. The transition rates vary linearly with the tunneling current and exhibit an intriguing dependence on the bias voltage and its polarity. We interpret the states as being due to S=1/2 and 3/2 spin states of the Co2+ complex. The image contrast and the orders‐of‐magnitude variations of the switching yields can be tentatively understood from the calculated orbital structures of the two spin states, thus providing first insights into the mechanism of electron‐induced excited spin‐state trapping (ELIESST).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Johannsen
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sascha Ossinger
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098, Kiel, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jan Grunwald
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098, Kiel, Germany
| | - Alexander Herman
- Faculty of Physics and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Heiko Wende
- Faculty of Physics and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Felix Tuczek
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098, Kiel, Germany
| | - Manuel Gruber
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098, Kiel, Germany.,Faculty of Physics and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Richard Berndt
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098, Kiel, Germany
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8
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Johannsen S, Ossinger S, Grunwald J, Herman A, Wende H, Tuczek F, Gruber M, Berndt R. Spin Crossover in a Cobalt Complex on Ag(111). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202115892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Johannsen
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik Christian-Albrechts-Universität 24098 Kiel Germany
| | - Sascha Ossinger
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Christian-Albrechts-Universität 24098 Kiel Germany
- Department of Chemistry University of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Jan Grunwald
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Christian-Albrechts-Universität 24098 Kiel Germany
| | - Alexander Herman
- Faculty of Physics and CENIDE University of Duisburg-Essen 47057 Duisburg Germany
| | - Heiko Wende
- Faculty of Physics and CENIDE University of Duisburg-Essen 47057 Duisburg Germany
| | - Felix Tuczek
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Christian-Albrechts-Universität 24098 Kiel Germany
| | - Manuel Gruber
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik Christian-Albrechts-Universität 24098 Kiel Germany
- Faculty of Physics and CENIDE University of Duisburg-Essen 47057 Duisburg Germany
| | - Richard Berndt
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik Christian-Albrechts-Universität 24098 Kiel Germany
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9
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Tong Y, Kelaï M, Bairagi K, Repain V, Lagoute J, Girard Y, Rousset S, Boillot ML, Mallah T, Enachescu C, Bellec A. Voltage-Induced Bistability of Single Spin-Crossover Molecules in a Two-Dimensional Monolayer. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:11029-11034. [PMID: 34743521 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bistable spin-crossover molecules are particularly interesting for the development of innovative electronic and spintronic devices as they present two spin states that can be controlled by external stimuli. In this paper, we report the voltage-induced switching of the high spin/low spin electronic states of spin-crossover molecules self-assembled in dense 2D networks on Au(111) and Cu(111) by scanning tunneling microscopy at low temperature. On Au(111), voltage pulses lead to the nonlocal switching of the molecules from any─high or low─spin state to the other followed by a spontaneous relaxation toward their initial state within minutes. On the other hand, on Cu(111), single molecules can be addressed at will. They retain their new electronic configuration after a voltage pulse. The memory effect demonstrated on Cu(111) is due to an interplay between long-range intermolecular interaction and molecule/substrate coupling as confirmed by mechanoelastic simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Tong
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques (MPQ), CNRS-UMR7162, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Massine Kelaï
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques (MPQ), CNRS-UMR7162, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Kaushik Bairagi
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques (MPQ), CNRS-UMR7162, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Repain
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques (MPQ), CNRS-UMR7162, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Lagoute
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques (MPQ), CNRS-UMR7162, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Yann Girard
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques (MPQ), CNRS-UMR7162, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Rousset
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques (MPQ), CNRS-UMR7162, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Laure Boillot
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, UMR 8182, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Talal Mallah
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, UMR 8182, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Cristian Enachescu
- Faculty of Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Iasi 700506, Romania
| | - Amandine Bellec
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques (MPQ), CNRS-UMR7162, 75013, Paris, France
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