1
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Abidnejad R, Robertson D, Khakalo A, Gholami Haghighi Fard M, Seppälä A, Pasquier E, Tardy BL, Mattos BD, Rojas OJ. Gas evolution in self-extinguishing and insulative nanopolysaccharide-based hybrid foams. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 346:122646. [PMID: 39245507 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Lightweight, energy-efficient materials in building construction typically include polymeric and composite foams. However, these materials pose significant fire hazards due to their high combustibility and toxic gas emissions, including carbon monoxide and hydrogen cyanide. This study delves into the latter aspects by comparing hybrid systems based on nanofiber-reinforced silica-based Pickering foams with a synthetic reference (polyurethane foams). The extent and dynamics of fire retardancy and toxic gas evolution were assessed, and the results revealed the benefits of combining the thermal insulation of silica with the structural strength of biobased nanofibers, the latter of which included anionic and phosphorylated cellulose as well as chitin nanofibers. We demonstrate that the nanofiber-reinforced silica-based Pickering foams are thermal insulative and provide both fire safety and energy efficiency. The results set the basis for the practical design of hybrid foams to advance environmental sustainability goals by reducing energy consumption in built environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roozbeh Abidnejad
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University School of Chemical Engineering, Espoo, Finland
| | - Daria Robertson
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University School of Chemical Engineering, Espoo, Finland
| | - Alexey Khakalo
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
| | | | - Ari Seppälä
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aalto University School of Engineering, Espoo, Finland
| | - Eva Pasquier
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University School of Chemical Engineering, Espoo, Finland; RISE PFI, Høgskoleringen 6b, Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Blaise L Tardy
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bruno D Mattos
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University School of Chemical Engineering, Espoo, Finland.
| | - Orlando J Rojas
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University School of Chemical Engineering, Espoo, Finland; Bioproducts Institute, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada; Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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2
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Wang C, Wang J, Li Q, Xu S, Yang J. A review on recent development of foam Ceramics prepared by particle-stabilized foaming technique. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 330:103198. [PMID: 38820884 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Particle-stabilized technique for fabricating foam ceramics was developed in 2006. Porous ceramics with porosity over 95% can be prepared by this newly developed method. This foaming technique was derived from the principle of Pickering foam to a large extent. The high internal phase volume, narrow distribution of pore size as well as the structural stability of the Pickering system enable the final ceramic products to realize their functionality in a variety of applications. However, the interfacial aspect of the foaming system determines the final product in many ways, which brings this novel method details to explore and possibilities to challenge. The current review introduces the particle-stabilized method combining with colloid and surface science since particles are the building block of ceramic materials. The history of this newly invented method was mentioned at first, followed by foam ceramic products prepared by this foaming technique combining with corresponding mechanism. Some representative applications involving ceramic materials made by particle-stabilized method were discussed. At last, we conclude the overall article and put forward some outlooks and challenges about the future direction of this unique foaming technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jinyang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shandong Xu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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3
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Lu Y, Mehling M, Huan S, Bai L, Rojas OJ. Biofabrication with microbial cellulose: from bioadaptive designs to living materials. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:7363-7391. [PMID: 38864385 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00641g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Nanocellulose is not only a renewable material but also brings functions that are opening new technological opportunities. Here we discuss a special subset of this material, in its fibrillated form, which is produced by aerobic microorganisms, namely, bacterial nanocellulose (BNC). BNC offers distinct advantages over plant-derived counterparts, including high purity and high degree of polymerization as well as crystallinity, strength, and water-holding capacity, among others. More remarkably, beyond classical fermentative protocols, it is possible to grow BNC on non-planar interfaces, opening new possibilities in the assembly of advanced bottom-up structures. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in the area of BNC-based biofabrication of three-dimensional (3D) designs by following solid- and soft-material templating. These methods are shown as suitable platforms to achieve bioadaptive constructs comprising highly interlocked biofilms that can be tailored with precise control over nanoscale morphological features. BNC-based biofabrication opens applications that are not possible by using traditional manufacturing routes, including direct ink writing of hydrogels. This review emphasizes the critical contributions of microbiology, colloid and surface science, as well as additive manufacturing in achieving bioadaptive designs from living matter. The future impact of BNC biofabrication is expected to take advantage of material and energy integration, residue utilization, circularity and social latitudes. Leveraging existing infrastructure, the scaleup of biofabrication routes will contribute to a new generation of advanced materials rooted in exciting synergies that combine biology, chemistry, engineering and material sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lu
- Bioproducts Institute, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
| | - Marina Mehling
- Bioproducts Institute, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
| | - Siqi Huan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology (Ministry of Education), Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Long Bai
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology (Ministry of Education), Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Orlando J Rojas
- Bioproducts Institute, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada.
- Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
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4
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Sun J, Dai L, Lv K, Wen Z, Li Y, Yang D, Yan H, Liu X, Liu C, Li MC. Recent advances in nanomaterial-stabilized pickering foam: Mechanism, classification, properties, and applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 328:103177. [PMID: 38759448 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Pickering foam is a type of foam stabilized by solid particles known as Pickering stabilizers. These solid stabilizers adsorb at the liquid-gas interface, providing superior stability to the foam. Because of its high stability, controllability, versatility, and minimal environmental impact, nanomaterial-stabilized Pickering foam has opened up new possibilities and development prospects for foam applications. This review provides an overview of the current state of development of Pickering foam stabilized by a wide range of nanomaterials, including cellulose nanomaterials, chitin nanomaterials, silica nanoparticles, protein nanoparticles, clay mineral, carbon nanotubes, calcium carbonate nanoparticles, MXene, and graphene oxide nanosheets. Particularly, the preparation and surface modification methods of various nanoparticles, the fundamental properties of nanomaterial-stabilized Pickering foam, and the synergistic effects between nanoparticles and surfactants, functional polymers, and other additives are systematically introduced. In addition, the latest progress in the application of nanomaterial-stabilized Pickering foam in the oil industry, food industry, porous functional material, and foam flotation field is highlighted. Finally, the future prospects of nanomaterial-stabilized Pickering foam in different fields, along with directions for further research and development directions, are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsheng Sun
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China; Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas Development (China University of Petroleum (East China)), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Liyao Dai
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Kaihe Lv
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China; Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas Development (China University of Petroleum (East China)), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Zhibo Wen
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Yecheng Li
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Dongqing Yang
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Hao Yan
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Xinyue Liu
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Chaozheng Liu
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Mei-Chun Li
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas Development (China University of Petroleum (East China)), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China.
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5
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Xiao Y, Chen G, Shi B, Chang Q, Zhang L, Wu H. Multi-Interface Electromagnetic Wave Absorbing Material Based on Liquid Marble Microstructures Anchored to SEBS. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2400756. [PMID: 38709225 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
The direct application of liquid marbles in electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption is challenging due to their poor stability, susceptibility to gravitational collapse, and shaping difficulties. To address this issue, a novel strategy is proposed to incorporate liquid marble microstructures (NaCl/nano-SiO2) encapsulated in organic phases (Octadecane) into the rubber-matrix (SEBS) using the ultrasound-assisted emulsion blending method. The resulting NaCl/SiO2/Octadecane microstructures anchored to SEBS offer a substantial solid-liquid interface consisting of NaCl solution and SiO2. When subjected to an alternating electromagnetic (EM) field, the water molecules and polysorbate within SiO2 exhibit heightened responsiveness to the EM field, and the movement of Na+ and Cl- within these microstructures leads to their accumulation at the solid-liquid interface, creating an asymmetric ion distribution. This phenomenon facilitates enhanced interfacial polarization, thereby contributing to the material's EMW absorption properties. Notably, the latex with 16 wt% SEBS (E-3), exhibiting a surface morphology similar to human cell tissues, achieves complete absorption of X-band (fE = 4.20 GHz, RLmin = -33.87 dB). Moreover, the latex demonstrates light density (0.78 g cm-3) and environmental stability. This study not only highlights the predominant loss mechanism in rubber-based wave-absorbing materials but also provides valuable insights into the design of multifunctional wave-absorbing materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Xiao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Geng Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Bin Shi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Qing Chang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Limin Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Hongjing Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
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6
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Lu Z, Zhang H, Toivakka M, Xu C. Current progress in functionalization of cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) for active food packaging. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131490. [PMID: 38604423 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
There is a growing interest in utilizing renewable biomass resources to manufacture environmentally friendly active food packaging, against the petroleum-based polymers. Cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) have received significant attention recently due to their sustainability, biodegradability, and widely available sources. CNFs are generally obtained through chemical or physical treatment, wherein the original surface chemistry and interfacial interactions can be changed if the functionalization process is applied. This review focuses on promising and sustainable methods of functionalization to broaden the potential uses of CNFs in active food packaging. Novel aspects, including functionalization before, during and after cellulose isolation, and functionalization during and after material processing are addressed. The CNF-involved structural construction including films, membranes, hydrogels, aerogels, foams, and microcapsules, is illustrated, which enables to explore the correlations between structure and performance in active food packaging. Additionally, the enhancement of CNFs on multiple properties of active food packaging are discussed, in which the interaction between active packaging systems and encapsulated food or the internal environment are highlighted. This review emphasizes novel approaches and emerging trends that have the potential to revolutionize the field, paving the way for advancements in the properties and applications of CNF-involved active food packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zonghong Lu
- Laboratory of Natural Materials Technology, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Hao Zhang
- Laboratory of Natural Materials Technology, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Martti Toivakka
- Laboratory of Natural Materials Technology, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland.
| | - Chunlin Xu
- Laboratory of Natural Materials Technology, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland.
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7
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Huang M, Zhang C, Hou F, Yang H, Ding N. Stabilization and strengthening effects of filamentous nanocellulose in the foam forming of quartz paper. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130251. [PMID: 38368991 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Compared with traditional papermaking, foam forming is a new papermaking technology that uses foam instead of water to disperse fibres, which can effectively solve the problem of poor evenness of ceramic paper, but the instability of foam itself affects the application of foam forming technology. Herein, a highly stable foaming agent for foam forming technology was prepared via physical reaction of lauryl dimethyl amine oxide (OB-2) with filamentous nanocellulose (cellulose nanofiber (CNF-C) and bacterial cellulose (BC)). Then, the quartz paper was prepared by foam forming technology. Firstly, hydrogen bond interactions between hydroxyl groups of the filamentous nanocellulose and hydrophilic moieties on OB-2 enabled the formation of a 3D nanonetwork layer on the surface of the bubble, which extended the half-life of the bubble and effectively prevented the bubble from bursting or coalescing. Then, the foam was extruded and cracked, and the filamentous nanocellulose was retained on the quartz fibres to prepare filamentous nanocellulose/quartz fibre paper by foam forming technology. The quartz paper exhibited excellent evenness and mechanical properties. In conclusion, the research of foam forming technology is of great significance to the application and development of special paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengle Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Chunhui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Fuqing Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Huikang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Nengxin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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8
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Shi Z, Sheng Y, Wu J, Cui J, Lin W, Ngai T. Porous Waterborne Polyurethane Films Templated from Pickering Foams for Fabrication of Synthetic Leather. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:4751-4761. [PMID: 38385682 PMCID: PMC10919083 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Waterborne polyurethane (WPU) latex nanoparticles with proven interfacial activity were utilized to stabilize air-water interfaces of Pickering foams through interfacial interaction with hydrophobic fumed silica particles (SPs). The rheological properties of the Pickering foam were tailored through adjustment of their SP content, which influenced their formability and stability. A Pickering foam stabilized with WPU and SPs was used as a template to prepare a WPU-SP composite porous film. The as-prepared film had intact open-cell porous structures, which increased its water absorption and water-vapor permeability. The porous film was used as a middle layer in the preparation of synthetic leather via a four-step "drying method". Compared with commercial synthetic leather, the lab-made synthetic leather with a middle layer made of the WPU-SP composite porous film exhibited a richer porous structure, acceptable wetting on a fabric substrate, a thicker porous layer, and higher water-vapor permeability. This work provides a novel and facile approach for preparing WPU-SP Pickering foams. Furthermore, the foams have the potential to function as a sustainable material for creating a porous-structured synthetic leather made from WPU, which may be utilized as an alternative to solvent-based synthetic leather.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghao Shi
- Department
of Chemistry, The Chinese University of
Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yifeng Sheng
- Department
of Chemistry, The Chinese University of
Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jianhui Wu
- Department
of Biomass and Leather Engineering, Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry
and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jiwei Cui
- Key
Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education,
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department
of Biomass and Leather Engineering, Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry
and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - To Ngai
- Department
of Chemistry, The Chinese University of
Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong 999077, China
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9
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Sun H, Zheng D, Zhu Y, Zhu P, Ye Y, Zhang Y, Yu Z, Yang P, Sun X, Jiang F. Multiscale Design for Robust, Thermal Insulating, and Flame Self-Extinguishing Cellulose Foam. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2306942. [PMID: 37939315 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose foams are in high demand in an era of prioritizing environmental consciousness. Yet, transferring the exceptional mechanical properties of cellulose fibers into a cellulose network remains a significant challenge. To address this challenge, an innovative multiscale design is developed for producing cellulose foam with exceptional network integrity. Specifically, this design relies on a combination of physical cross-linking of the microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) networks by cellulose nanofibril (CNF) and aluminum ion (Al3+), as well as self-densification of the cellulose induced by ice-crystal templating, physical cross-linking, solvent exchange, and evaporation. The resultant cellulose foam demonstrates a low density of 40.7 mg cm-3, a high porosity of 97.3%, and a robust network with high compressive modulus of 1211.5 ± 60.6 kPa and energy absorption of 77.8 ± 1.9 kJ m-3. The introduction of CNF network and Al3+ cross-linking into foam also confers excellent wet stability and flame self-extinguish ability. Furthermore, the foam can be easily biodegraded in natural environments , re-entering the ecosystem's carbon cycle. This strategy yields a cellulose foam with a robust network and outstanding environmental durability, opening new possibilities for the advancement of high-performance foam materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Sun
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British of Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Dingyuan Zheng
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British of Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Yeling Zhu
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British of Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Penghui Zhu
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British of Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Yuhang Ye
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British of Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British of Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Zhengyang Yu
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British of Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Pu Yang
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British of Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Xia Sun
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British of Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Feng Jiang
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British of Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
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10
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Mattos BD, Zhu Y, Tardy BL, Beaumont M, Ribeiro ACR, Missio AL, Otoni CG, Rojas OJ. Versatile Assembly of Metal-Phenolic Network Foams Enabled by Tannin-Cellulose Nanofibers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2209685. [PMID: 36734159 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Metal-phenolic network (MPN) foams are prepared using colloidal suspensions of tannin-containing cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) that are ice-templated and thawed in ethanolic media in the presence of metal nitrates. The MPN facilitates the formation of solid foams by air drying, given the strength and self-supporting nature of the obtained tannin-cellulose nanohybrid structures. The porous characteristics and (dry and wet) compression strength of the foams are rationalized by the development of secondary, cohesive metal-phenolic layers combined with a hydrogen bonding network involving the CNF. The shrinkage of the MPN foams is as low as 6% for samples prepared with 2.5-10% tannic acid (or condensed tannin at 2.5%) with respect to CNF content. The strength of the MPN foams reaches a maximum at 10% tannic acid (using Fe(III) ions), equivalent to a compressive strength 70% higher than that produced with tannin-free CNF foams. Overall, a straightforward framework is introduced to synthesize MPN foams whose physical and mechanical properties are tailored by the presence of tannins as well as the metal ion species that enable the metal-phenolic networking. Depending on the metal ion, the foams are amenable to modification according to the desired application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno D Mattos
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Vuorimiehentie 1, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
- Technological Development Center, Materials Science and Engineering (PPGCEM), Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Gomes Carneiro 1, Pelotas, RS, 96010-610, Brazil
| | - Ya Zhu
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Vuorimiehentie 1, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
| | - Blaise L Tardy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Research and Innovation Center on CO2 and Hydrogen, Center for Membrane and Advanced Water Technology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Marco Beaumont
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad-Lorenz-Str. 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria
| | - Ana Carolina R Ribeiro
- Technological Development Center, Materials Science and Engineering (PPGCEM), Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Gomes Carneiro 1, Pelotas, RS, 96010-610, Brazil
| | - André L Missio
- Technological Development Center, Materials Science and Engineering (PPGCEM), Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Gomes Carneiro 1, Pelotas, RS, 96010-610, Brazil
| | - Caio G Otoni
- Department of Materials Engineering (DEMa), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Washington Luís km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Orlando J Rojas
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Vuorimiehentie 1, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
- Bioproducts Institute, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
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11
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Völkel L, Beaumont M, Johansson LS, Czibula C, Rusakov D, Mautner A, Teichert C, Kontturi E, Rosenau T, Potthast A. Assessing Fire-Damage in Historical Papers and Alleviating Damage with Soft Cellulose Nanofibers. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2105420. [PMID: 35119202 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202105420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The conservation of historical paper objects with high cultural value is an important societal task. Papers that have been severely damaged by fire, heat, and extinguishing water, are a particularly challenging case, because of the complexity and severity of damage patterns. In-depth analysis of fire-damaged papers, by means of examples from the catastrophic fire in a 17th-century German library, shows the changes, which proceeded from the margin to the center, to go beyond surface charring and formation of hydrophobic carbon-rich layers. The charred paper exhibits structural changes in the nano- and micro-range, with increased porosity and water sorption. In less charred areas, cellulose is affected by both chain cleavage and cross-linking. Based on these results and conclusions with regard to adhesion of auxiliaries, a stabilization method is developed, which coats the damaged paper with a thin layer of cellulose nanofibers. It enables the reliable preservation of the paper and-most importantly-retrieval of the contained historical information: the nanofibers form a flexible, transparent film on the surface and adhere strongly to the damaged matrix, greatly reducing its fragility, giving it stability, and enabling digitization and further handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Völkel
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, Tulln, A-3430, Austria
- Department of Conservation and Special Collections, Herzogin Anna Amalia Bibliothek / Klassik Stiftung Weimar, Platz der Demokratie 1, 99423, Weimar, Germany
| | - Marco Beaumont
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, Tulln, A-3430, Austria
| | - Leena-Sisko Johansson
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, Aalto, 00076, Finland
| | - Caterina Czibula
- Institute of Physics, Montanuniversität Leoben, Franz Josef Straße 18, Leoben, 8700, Austria
- Institute of Bioproducts and Paper Technology, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 3, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Dmitrii Rusakov
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, Tulln, A-3430, Austria
| | - Andreas Mautner
- Department of Materials Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Christian Teichert
- Institute of Physics, Montanuniversität Leoben, Franz Josef Straße 18, Leoben, 8700, Austria
| | - Eero Kontturi
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, Aalto, 00076, Finland
| | - Thomas Rosenau
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, Tulln, A-3430, Austria
| | - Antje Potthast
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, Tulln, A-3430, Austria
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