1
|
Brown J, Teien HC, Thørring H, Skipperud L, Hosseini A, Lind OC, Oughton D, Salbu B. Transfer of radionuclides through ecological systems: Lessons learned from 10 years of research within CERAD CoE. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 940:173503. [PMID: 38821276 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Norway's Centre of Excellence for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD) research programme included studies on transfer of radionuclides in various ecosystems within the context of environmental risk assessment. This article provides highlights from 10 years of research within this topic and summarises lessons learnt from the process. The scope has been extensive, involving laboratory-based experiments, field studies and the implementation of transfer models quantifying radionuclide uptake directly from the surrounding environment and via food chains. Field studies have had a global span and have, inter alia, covered sites contaminated with radionuclides associated with particles, ranging from nanoparticles to fragments, due to nuclear accidents (e.g., Chornobyl and Fukushima accidents) along with sites having enhanced levels of naturally occurring radioactive materials (e.g., Fen Complex in Norway and Taboshar in Tajikistan). Focus has been put on speciation and kinetics in determining radionuclide behavior and fate as well as on the influence of environmental factors that are potentially critical for the transfer of radionuclides. In particular, seasonal factors have been shown to greatly affect the dynamics of 137Cs and 90Sr bioaccumulation and loss in freshwater fish. The work has led to the collation of organism-specific (i) parameters important for kinetic models, i.e., uptake and depuration rates, and (ii) steady-state concentration ratios, CRs, where the use of stable analogue CRs as proxies for radionuclides has been brought into question. Dynamic models have been developed and applied for radiocaesium transfer to reindeer, radionuclide transfer in Arctic marine systems, transfer to fish via water and feed and commonly used agricultural food-chain transfer models applied in the context of nuclear emergency preparedness. The CERAD programme should contribute substantially to the scientific community's understanding of radionuclide transfer in environmental systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin Brown
- DSA - Norwegian Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, Grini Næringspark 13, 1361 Østerås, Norway; Center for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD) CoE, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway.
| | - Hans Christian Teien
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway; Center for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD) CoE, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Håvard Thørring
- DSA - Norwegian Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, Grini Næringspark 13, 1361 Østerås, Norway; Center for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD) CoE, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Lindis Skipperud
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway; Center for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD) CoE, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Ali Hosseini
- DSA - Norwegian Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, Grini Næringspark 13, 1361 Østerås, Norway; Center for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD) CoE, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Ole Christian Lind
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway; Center for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD) CoE, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Deborah Oughton
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway; Center for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD) CoE, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Brit Salbu
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway; Center for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD) CoE, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yi C, Zhang J, Yi R, Zeng J, Xu W, Sulemana H, Wang X, Yu H. Degradation mechanism and decomposition of sulfamethoxazole aqueous solution with persulfate activated by dielectric barrier discharge. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024:1-20. [PMID: 38753523 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2024.2354058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The present study focused on the degradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) aqueous solution and the toxicity of processing aqueous by the dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) activated persulfate (PS). The effects of input voltage, input frequency, duty cycle, and PS dosage ratio on the SMX degradation efficiency were measured. Based on the results of the Response Surface Methodology (RSM), SMX degradation efficiency reached 83.21% which is 10.54% higher than that without PS, and the kinetic constant was 0.067 min-1 in 30 min when the input voltage at 204 V (input power at 110.6 W), the input frequency at 186 Hz, the duty cycle at 63%, and the PS dosage ratio at 5.1:1. The addition of PS can produce more active particles reached 1.756 mg/L (O3), 0.118 mg/L (H2O2), 0.154 mmol/L (·OH) in 30 min. Furthermore, the DBD plasma system effectively activated an optimal amount of PS, leading to improved removal efficiency of COD, and TOC to 30.21% and 47.21%, respectively. Subsequently, eight primary by-products were pinpointed, alongside the observation of three distinct pathways of transformation. Predictions from the ECOSAR software indicated that most of the degradation intermediates were less toxic than SMX. The biological toxicity experiments elucidated that the treatment with the DBD/PS system effectively reduced the mortality of zebrafish larvae caused by SMX from 100% to 20.13% and improved the hatching rate from 55.69% to 80.86%. In particular, it is important to note that the degradation intermediates exhibit teratogenic effects on zebrafish larvae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengwu Yi
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianan Zhang
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongjie Yi
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangwei Zeng
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenlin Xu
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Husseini Sulemana
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Huidi Yu
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Alonzo F, Trijau M, Plaire D, Billoir E. A toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic model with a transgenerational damage to explain toxicity changes over generations (in Daphnia magna exposed to depleted uranium). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 914:169845. [PMID: 38190898 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Alonzo
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV, SERPEN, LECO, Cadarache, Saint-Paul-lèz-Durance, France.
| | - Marie Trijau
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV, SERPEN, LECO, Cadarache, Saint-Paul-lèz-Durance, France; Ibacon GmbH, Roßdorf, Germany
| | - Delphine Plaire
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV, SERPEN, LECO, Cadarache, Saint-Paul-lèz-Durance, France
| | - Elise Billoir
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC, F-57000 Metz, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Arsana KGY, Saladino GM, Brodin B, Toprak MS, Hertz HM. Laboratory Liquid-Jet X-ray Microscopy and X-ray Fluorescence Imaging for Biomedical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:920. [PMID: 38255992 PMCID: PMC10815599 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Diffraction-limited resolution and low penetration depth are fundamental constraints in optical microscopy and in vivo imaging. Recently, liquid-jet X-ray technology has enabled the generation of X-rays with high-power intensities in laboratory settings. By allowing the observation of cellular processes in their natural state, liquid-jet soft X-ray microscopy (SXM) can provide morphological information on living cells without staining. Furthermore, X-ray fluorescence imaging (XFI) permits the tracking of contrast agents in vivo with high elemental specificity, going beyond attenuation contrast. In this study, we established a methodology to investigate nanoparticle (NP) interactions in vitro and in vivo, solely based on X-ray imaging. We employed soft (0.5 keV) and hard (24 keV) X-rays for cellular studies and preclinical evaluations, respectively. Our results demonstrated the possibility of localizing NPs in the intracellular environment via SXM and evaluating their biodistribution with in vivo multiplexed XFI. We envisage that laboratory liquid-jet X-ray technology will significantly contribute to advancing our understanding of biological systems in the field of nanomedical research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hans M. Hertz
- Department of Applied Physics, Biomedical and X-ray Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden (G.M.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Byrnes I, Rossbach LM, Jaroszewicz J, Grolimund D, Ferreira Sanchez D, Gomez-Gonzalez MA, Nuyts G, Reinoso-Maset E, Janssens K, Salbu B, Brede DA, Lind OC. Synchrotron XRF and Histological Analyses Identify Damage to Digestive Tract of Uranium NP-Exposed Daphnia magna. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:1071-1079. [PMID: 36598768 PMCID: PMC9850915 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c07174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Micro- and nanoscopic X-ray techniques were used to investigate the relationship between uranium (U) tissue distributions and adverse effects to the digestive tract of aquatic model organism Daphnia magna following uranium nanoparticle (UNP) exposure. X-ray absorption computed tomography measurements of intact daphnids exposed to sublethal concentrations of UNPs or a U reference solution (URef) showed adverse morphological changes to the midgut and the hepatic ceca. Histological analyses of exposed organisms revealed a high proportion of abnormal and irregularly shaped intestinal epithelial cells. Disruption of the hepatic ceca and midgut epithelial tissues implied digestive functions and intestinal barriers were compromised. Synchrotron-based micro X-ray fluorescence (XRF) elemental mapping identified U co-localized with morphological changes, with substantial accumulation of U in the lumen as well as in the epithelial tissues. Utilizing high-resolution nano-XRF, 400-1000 nm sized U particulates could be identified throughout the midgut and within hepatic ceca cells, coinciding with tissue damages. The results highlight disruption of intestinal function as an important mode of action of acute U toxicity in D. magna and that midgut epithelial cells as well as the hepatic ceca are key target organs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ian Byrnes
- Faculty
of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Center for
Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD), P.O. Box 5003, 1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Lisa Magdalena Rossbach
- Faculty
of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Center for
Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD), P.O. Box 5003, 1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Jakub Jaroszewicz
- Faculty
of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw
University of Technology, Woloska Street 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Daniel Grolimund
- Swiss
Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | | | - Miguel A. Gomez-Gonzalez
- Diamond
Light Source Ltd., Harwell
Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Gert Nuyts
- AXIS
Group, NANOlab Center of Excellence, Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Estela Reinoso-Maset
- Faculty
of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Center for
Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD), P.O. Box 5003, 1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Koen Janssens
- AXIS
Group, NANOlab Center of Excellence, Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Brit Salbu
- Faculty
of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Center for
Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD), P.O. Box 5003, 1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Dag Anders Brede
- Faculty
of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Center for
Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD), P.O. Box 5003, 1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Ole Christian Lind
- Faculty
of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Center for
Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD), P.O. Box 5003, 1433 Ås, Norway
| |
Collapse
|