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Ji H, Feng S, Yang M. Controlled Structural Relaxation of Aramid Nanofibers for Superstretchable Polymer Fibers with High Toughness and Heat Resistance. ACS NANO 2024. [PMID: 38968387 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c04388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Polymer fibers that combine high toughness and heat resistance are hard to achieve, which, however, hold tremendous promise in demanding applications such as aerospace and military. This prohibitive design task exists due to the opposing property dependencies on chain dynamics because traditional heat-resistant materials with rigid molecular structures typically lack the mechanism of energy dissipation. Aramid nanofibers have received great attention as high-performance nanoscale building units due to their intriguing mechanical and thermal properties, but their distinct structural features are yet to be fully captured. We show that aramid nanofibers form nanoscale crimps during the removal of water, which primarily resides at the defect planes of pleated sheets, where the folding can occur. The precise control of such a structural relaxation can be realized by exerting axial loadings on hydrogel fibers, which allows the emergence of aramid fibers with varying angles of crimps. These crimped fibers integrate high toughness with heat resistance, thanks to the extensible nature of nanoscale crimps with rigid molecular structures of poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide), promising as a template for stable stretchable electronics. The tensile strength/modulus (392-944 MPa/11-29 GPa), stretchability (25-163%), and toughness (154-445 MJ/cm3) are achieved according to the degree of crimping. Intriguingly, a toughness of around 430 MJ/m3 can be maintained after calcination below the relaxation temperature (259 °C) for 50 h. Even after calcination at 300 °C for 10 h, a toughness of 310 MJ/m3 is kept, outperforming existing polymer materials. Our multiscale design strategy based on water-bearing aramid nanofibers provides a potent pathway for tackling the challenge for achieving conflicting property combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Shouhua Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Ming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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2
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Ding Y, Cheng Q, Lyu J, Liu Z, Yuan R, Ma F, Zhang X. Visible Microfluidic Deprotonation for Aramid Nanofibers as Building Blocks of Cascade-Microfluidic-Processed Colloidal Aerogels. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2400101. [PMID: 38502025 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202400101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Microfluidic deprotonation approach is proposed to realize continuous, scalable, efficient, and uniform production of aramid nanofibers (ANFs) by virtue of large specific surface area, high mixing efficiency, strong heat transfer capacity, narrow residence time distribution, mild laminar-flow process, and amplification-free effect of the microchannel reactor. By means of monitoring capabilities endowed by the high transparency of the microchannel, the kinetic exfoliation process of original aramid particles is in situ observed and the corresponding exfoliation mechanism is established quantificationally. The deprotonated time can be reduced from the traditional several days to 7 min for the final colloidal dispersion due to the synergistic effect between enhanced local shearing/mixing and the rotational motion of aramid particles in microchannel revealed by numerical simulations. Furthermore, the cascade microfluidic processing approach is used to make various ANF colloidal aerogels including aerogel fibers, aerogel films, and 3D-printed aerogel articles. Comprehensive characterizations show that these cascade-microfluidic-processed colloidal aerogels have identical features as those prepared in batch-style mode, revealing the versatile use value of these ANFs. This work achieves significant progress toward continuous and efficient production of ANFs, bringing about appreciable prospects for the practical application of ANF-based materials and providing inspiration for exfoliating any other nano-building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Ding
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics (Ministry of Education), School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Cheng
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jing Lyu
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Zengwei Liu
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Ruizhe Yuan
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Fengguo Ma
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics (Ministry of Education), School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China
| | - Xuetong Zhang
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
- Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK
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3
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Lyu J, Liu Z, Zhang X. Gas-Blows-Liquid Spinning Strategy Toward Mechanically Strong, Thermally Protective, Efficiently Hemostatic Aerogel Fibers/Fabrics. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2301550. [PMID: 38597753 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Nanoporous aerogel fibers enjoy the luxury of being one of the most attractive nanomaterials. However, the representative fabrication pathways have faced up with low production rates due to significant speed mismatch between slow sol-gel transition and as fast as possible spinning in the same period. Herein, a novel gas-blows-liquid spinning (GS) strategy with a spinning speed of 300-700 m s-1 is developed to get the high-speed and high-efficiency production of aerogel fibers/fabrics. The spinning speed of the GS strategy is 900 times higher than various techniques reported for aerogel fibers. The resulting aerogel fibers exhibit a high specific surface area (180 m2 g-1). In comparison, the aerogel fiber possesses the highest tensile strength (58.7±3.9 MPa) among its counterparts and aerogel fabric with surprising water-absorption and microparticle-blocking performances exhibits the application prospect for better hemostasis than that of commercial gauze and cotton ball. Besides, the GS aerogel fabrics with hierarchical aligned structures show better thermal insulation (≈0.035 Wm-1K-1) than wet spinning aerogel fabric and commercial insulation felts. This work has provided inspiration for fast fabricating more aerogel fibers/fabrics with this GS strategy, and the resulting aerogel fibers/fabrics may find significant application in the fields of 5G smart phones, wound hemostasis, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lyu
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Zengwei Liu
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xuetong Zhang
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK
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Wu B, Qi Q, Liu L, Liu Y, Wang J. Wearable Aerogels for Personal Thermal Management and Smart Devices. ACS NANO 2024; 18:9798-9822. [PMID: 38551449 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Extreme climates have become frequent nowadays, causing increased heat stress in human daily life. Personal thermal management (PTM), a technology that controls the human body's microenvironment, has become a promising strategy to address heat stress. While effective in ordinary environments, traditional high-performance fibers, such as ultrafine, porous, highly thermally conductive, and phase change materials, fall short when dealing with harsh conditions or large temperature fluctuations. Aerogels, a third-generation superinsulation material, have garnered extensive attention among researchers for their thermal management applications in building energy conservation, transportation, and aerospace, attributed to their extremely low densities and thermal conductivity. While aerogels have historically faced challenges related to weak mechanical strength and limited secondary processing capacity, recent advancements have witnessed notable progress in the development of wearable aerogels for PTM. This progress underscores their potential applications within extremely harsh environments, serving as self-powered smart devices and sensors. This Review offers a timely overview of wearable aerogels and their PTM applications with a particular focus on their wearability and suitability. Finally, the discussion classifies five types of PTM applications based on aerogel function: thermal insulation, heating, cooling, adaptive regulation (involving thermal insulation, heating, and cooling), and utilization of aerogels as wearable smart devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wu
- Emergency Research Institute, Chinese Institute of Coal Science, Beijing 100013, P. R. China
| | - Qingjie Qi
- Emergency Research Institute, Chinese Institute of Coal Science, Beijing 100013, P. R. China
| | - Ling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yingjie Liu
- Emergency Research Institute, Chinese Institute of Coal Science, Beijing 100013, P. R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
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Li C, Duan Y, Wang S, Wang S, Yu D, Wang L, Wang Y, Wu M. Hierarchical Porous Fibers for Intrinsically Thermally Insulated and Self-Sensing Integrated Smart Textile. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:14124-14132. [PMID: 38450639 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c18475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Here, stretchable hierarchical porous polyurethane fibers were designed, fabricated, and employed as a three-dimensional hierarchical interconnected framework for conductive networks interwoven with silver nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes. The fiber possessed favorable thermal insulation, strain sensing, and electric heating properties. The core-shell layered porous structure of fiber made the fiber have high heat insulation performance (the difference value of temperature |ΔT| = 3.54, 8.9, and 12.7 °C at heating stage temperatures of 35, 50, and 65 °C) and ultrahigh elongation at break (813%). Importantly, after conductive filler decoration, the fiber could exhibit real-time strain-sensing capacities with a high gauge factor. In addition, the fibers could be heated at low voltage, like an electrical heater. The development of flexible, stretchable, and multifunctional porous fibers had great potential applications in intelligent wearable devices for integrated thermal management, strain sensing, and intrinsic self-warming capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textile Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yinhe Duan
- Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textile Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shiwen Wang
- Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textile Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shanli Wang
- Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textile Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Deyou Yu
- Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textile Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textile Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yijia Wang
- Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textile Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Minghua Wu
- Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textile Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green and Low-Carbon Dyeing & Finishing, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
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Hu P, Wu F, Ma B, Luo J, Zhang P, Tian Z, Wang J, Sun Z. Robust and Flame-Retardant Zylon Aerogel Fibers for Wearable Thermal Insulation and Sensing in Harsh Environment. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2310023. [PMID: 38029344 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The exceptional lightweight, highly porous, and insulating properties of aerogel fibers make them ideal for thermal insulation. However, current aerogel fibers face limitations due to their low resistance to harsh environments and a lack of intelligent responses. Herein, a universal strategy for creating polymer aerogel fibers using crosslinked nanofiber building blocks is proposed. This approach combines controlled proton absorption gelation spinning with a heat-induced crosslinking process. As a proof-of-concept, Zylon aerogel fibers that exhibited robust thermal stability (up to 650 °C), high flame retardancy (limiting oxygen index of 54.2%), and extreme chemical resistance are designed and synthesized. These fibers possess high porosity (98.6%), high breaking strength (8.6 MPa), and low thermal conductivity (0.036 W m-1 K-1 ). These aerogel fibers can be knotted or woven into textiles, utilized in harsh environments (-196-400 °C), and demonstrate sensitive self-powered sensing capabilities. This method of developing aerogel fibers expands the applications of high-performance polymer fibers and holds great potential for future applications in wearable smart protective fabrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiying Hu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic Materials of Jiangsu Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Fushuo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic Materials of Jiangsu Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Bingjie Ma
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Jie Luo
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Peigen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic Materials of Jiangsu Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Zhihua Tian
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic Materials of Jiangsu Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - ZhengMing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic Materials of Jiangsu Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
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Wu M, Shao Z, Zhao N, Zhang R, Yuan G, Tian L, Zhang Z, Gao W, Bai H. Biomimetic, knittable aerogel fiber for thermal insulation textile. Science 2023; 382:1379-1383. [PMID: 38127754 DOI: 10.1126/science.adj8013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Aerogels have been considered as an ideal material for thermal insulation. Unfortunately, their application in textiles is greatly limited by their fragility and poor processability. We overcame these issues by encapsulating the aerogel fiber with a stretchable layer, mimicking the core-shell structure of polar bear hair. Despite its high internal porosity over 90%, our fiber is stretchable up to 1000% strain, which is greatly improved compared with that of traditional aerogel fibers (~2% strain). In addition to its washability and dyeability, our fiber is mechanically robust, retaining its stable thermal insulation property after 10,000 stretching cycles (100% strain). A sweater knitted with our fiber was only one-fifth as thick as down, with similar performance. Our strategy for this fiber provides rich possibilities for developing multifunctional aerogel fibers and textiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingrui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ziyu Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Nifang Zhao
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Rongzhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Guodong Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lulu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zibei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Weiwei Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hao Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, China
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Li L, Yang G, Lyu J, Sheng Z, Ma F, Zhang X. Folk arts-inspired twice-coagulated configuration-editable tough aerogels enabled by transformable gel precursors. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8450. [PMID: 38114508 PMCID: PMC10730912 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44156-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Aerogels, as famous lightweight and porous nanomaterials, have attracted considerable attention in various emerging fields in recent decades, however, both low density and weak mechanical performance make their configuration-editing capability challenging. Inspired by folk arts, herein we establish a highly efficient twice-coagulated (TC) strategy to fabricate configuration-editable tough aerogels enabled by transformable gel precursors. As a proof of concept, aramid nanofibers (ANFs) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) are selected as the main components of aerogel, among which PVA forms a flexible configuration-editing gel network in the first coagulation process, and ANF forms a configuration-locking gel network in the second coagulation process. TC strategy guarantees the resulting aerogels with both high toughness and feasible configuration editing capability individually or simultaneously. Altogether, the resulting tough aerogels with special configuration through soft to hard modulation provide great opportunities to break through the performance limits of the aerogels and expand application areas of aerogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishan Li
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Guandu Yang
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics (Ministry of Education), School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Jing Lyu
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Zhizhi Sheng
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Fengguo Ma
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics (Ministry of Education), School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Xuetong Zhang
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, PR China.
- Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK.
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Ma H, Fashandi M, Rejeb ZB, Ming X, Liu Y, Gong P, Li G, Park CB. Efficient Electromagnetic Wave Absorption and Thermal Infrared Stealth in PVTMS@MWCNT Nano-Aerogel via Abundant Nano-Sized Cavities and Attenuation Interfaces. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 16:20. [PMID: 37975901 PMCID: PMC10656378 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01218-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Pre-polymerized vinyl trimethoxy silane (PVTMS)@MWCNT nano-aerogel system was constructed via radical polymerization, sol-gel transition and supercritical CO2 drying. The fabricated organic-inorganic hybrid PVTMS@MWCNT aerogel structure shows nano-pore size (30-40 nm), high specific surface area (559 m2 g-1), high void fraction (91.7%) and enhanced mechanical property: (1) the nano-pore size is beneficial for efficiently blocking thermal conduction and thermal convection via Knudsen effect (beneficial for infrared (IR) stealth); (2) the heterogeneous interface was beneficial for IR reflection (beneficial for IR stealth) and MWCNT polarization loss (beneficial for electromagnetic wave (EMW) attenuation); (3) the high void fraction was beneficial for enhancing thermal insulation (beneficial for IR stealth) and EMW impedance match (beneficial for EMW attenuation). Guided by the above theoretical design strategy, PVTMS@MWCNT nano-aerogel shows superior EMW absorption property (cover all Ku-band) and thermal IR stealth property (ΔT reached 60.7 °C). Followed by a facial combination of the above nano-aerogel with graphene film of high electrical conductivity, an extremely high electromagnetic interference shielding material (66.5 dB, 2.06 mm thickness) with superior absorption performance of an average absorption-to-reflection (A/R) coefficient ratio of 25.4 and a low reflection bandwidth of 4.1 GHz (A/R ratio more than 10) was experimentally obtained in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Ma
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, 24 Yihuan Road, Nanyiduan, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Microcellular Plastics Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G8, Canada
- Jiangsu JITRI Advanced Polymer Materials Research Institute, Tengfei Building, 88 Jiangmiao Road, Jiangbei New District, Nanjing, 211800, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Maryam Fashandi
- Microcellular Plastics Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Zeineb Ben Rejeb
- Microcellular Plastics Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Xin Ming
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingjun Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengjian Gong
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, 24 Yihuan Road, Nanyiduan, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guangxian Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, 24 Yihuan Road, Nanyiduan, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chul B Park
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, 24 Yihuan Road, Nanyiduan, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
- Microcellular Plastics Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G8, Canada.
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Jiang S, Yan W, Cui C, Wang W, Yan J, Tang H, Guo R. Bioinspired Thermochromic Textile Based on Robust Cellulose Aerogel Fiber for Self-Adaptive Thermal Management and Dynamic Labels. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:47577-47590. [PMID: 37756210 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c11692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Aerogel fiber has emerged recently for incorporation in personal thermal management textiles due to its flexibility, scalability, and ultrahigh porosity, which allows the body to keep warm via thermal isolation without energy consumption. However, the functionalization and intellectualization of cellulose-based aerogel fibers have not yet been fully developed. Herein, we propose a biomimicking design inspired by polar bear and Siamese cat hair that combines porous cellulose aerogel fiber (CAF) with reversible thermochromic microcapsules to mimic biological sensory and adaptive thermoregulation functions. The produced CAF has a controllable pore structure, a large specific surface area (230 m2/g), and excellent mechanical strength (∼15 MPa). Low-temperature darkening microcapsules have been incorporated into the robust CAF to spontaneously adjust color by perceiving the ambient temperature. The functional aerogel fiber fabric achieves high thermal insulation and photothermal modulation simultaneously at temperatures below 18 °C. The temperature of the thermochromic fabric was higher by 6 °C than that of the sample without the microcapsules at a light intensity of 0.2 W/cm2. In addition, the aerogel fibers mixed with two types of thermochromic microcapsules exhibit three color switches with fast response, a color-control precision of 0.2 °C, and good cycling performance. This smart aerogel fibers hold great promise for self-adaptive thermal management, temperature indication, information transfer, and anticounterfeiting in textiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Jiang
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Yibin Industrial Technology Research Institute of Sichuan University, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Weidong Yan
- College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Ce Cui
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Yibin Industrial Technology Research Institute of Sichuan University, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Weijie Wang
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Yibin Industrial Technology Research Institute of Sichuan University, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Jiatong Yan
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Yibin Industrial Technology Research Institute of Sichuan University, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Hong Tang
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Ronghui Guo
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Yibin Industrial Technology Research Institute of Sichuan University, Yibin 644000, China
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11
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Liu Z, Sheng Z, Bao Y, Cheng Q, Wang PX, Liu Z, Zhang X. Ionic Liquid Directed Spinning of Cellulose Aerogel Fibers with Superb Toughness for Weaved Thermal Insulation and Transient Impact Protection. ACS NANO 2023; 17:18411-18420. [PMID: 37699578 PMCID: PMC10540260 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Aerogel fibers, combining the nanoporous characteristics of aerogels with the slenderness of fibers, have emerged as a rising star in nanoscale materials science. However, endowing nanoporous aerogel fibers with good strength and high toughness remains elusive due to their high porosity and fragile mechanics. To address this challenge, this paper reports supertough aerogel fibers (SAFs) initially started from ionic-liquid-dissociated cellulose via wet-spinning and supercritical drying in sequence. The supertough nanoporous aerogel fibers assembled with cellulose nanofibers exhibit a high specific surface area (372 m2/g), good mechanical strength (30 MPa), and large elongation (107%). Benefiting from their high strength and elongation, the resultant cellulose nanoporous aerogel fibers show ultrahigh toughness up to 21.85 MJ/m3, much outperforming the known aerogel materials in the literature. Moreover, the toughness of this nanoporous aerogel fiber is 7.4 times higher than that of human knee ligaments, and its specific toughness is comparable to that of commonly used solid polyester fibers. In addition, we also verified the weavability, desirable thermal insulation performance, and supertoughness to resist the transient impact of SAFs. The long-sought strategy to simultaneously resolve the strength and toughness of nanoporous aerogel fibers, in combination with the biodegradable nature of the cellulose, provides multifaceted opportunities for broad potential applications, including lightweight wearable textiles and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongsheng Liu
- Suzhou
Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Zhizhi Sheng
- Suzhou
Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yaqian Bao
- Suzhou
Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Cheng
- Suzhou
Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Pei-Xi Wang
- Suzhou
Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Zengwei Liu
- Suzhou
Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xuetong Zhang
- Suzhou
Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
- Division
of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London NW3 2PF, U.K.
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12
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Zhu C, Xue T, Ma Z, Fan W, Liu T. Mechanically Strong and Thermally Insulating Polyimide Aerogel Fibers Reinforced by Prefabricated Long Polyimide Fibers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:12443-12452. [PMID: 36813731 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Aerogel fibers inherit the merits of aerogel and fibrous materials, such as high porosity and satisfactory knittability, demonstrating great potential as thermal protective materials applied in harsh environments. Nevertheless, the inferior mechanical property resulting from the porous structure immensely hampers the practical application of aerogel fibers. Herein, we develop robust and thermally insulating long polyimide fiber-reinforced polyimide composite aerogel fibers (LPF-PAFs). The porous crosslinked polyimide aerogel as the sheath endows LPF-PAFs with good thermal insulation performance, while the long polyimide fibers as the core provide LPF-PAFs with superior mechanical strength. Due to the introduction of the high-strength long polyimide fibers to undertake significant stress, LPF-PAFs display outstanding strength surpassing 150 MPa without obvious mechanical performance degeneration in a wide range of temperatures from -100 to 300 °C. Moreover, the textile woven by LPF-PAFs exhibits a superior thermal insulation ability and stability to cotton textile at 200 and -100 °C, indicating its potential application in thermal protective clothing under extreme environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Tiantian Xue
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Zhuocheng Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Wei Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Tianxi Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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13
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Sheng Z, Liu Z, Hou Y, Jiang H, Li Y, Li G, Zhang X. The Rising Aerogel Fibers: Status, Challenges, and Opportunities. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2205762. [PMID: 36658735 PMCID: PMC10037991 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Aerogel fibers garner tremendous scientific interest due to their unique properties such as ultrahigh porosity, large specific surface area, and ultralow thermal conductivity, enabling diverse potential applications in textile, environment, energy conversion and storage, and high-tech areas. Here, the fabrication methodologies to construct the aerogel fibers starting from nanoscale building blocks are overviewed, and the spinning thermodynamics and spinning kinetics associated with each technology are revealed. The huge pool of material choices that can be assembled into aerogel fibers is discussed. Furthermore, the fascinating properties of aerogel fibers, including mechanical, thermal, sorptive, optical, and fire-retardant properties are elaborated on. Next, the nano-confining functionalization strategy for aerogel fibers is particularly highlighted, touching upon the driving force for liquid encapsulation, solid-liquid interface adhesion, and interfacial stability. In addition, emerging applications in thermal management, smart wearable fabrics, water harvest, shielding, heat transfer devices, artificial muscles, and information storage, are discussed. Last, the existing challenges in the development of aerogel fibers are pointed out and light is shed on the opportunities in this burgeoning field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhizhi Sheng
- Suzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou215123China
| | - Zengwei Liu
- Suzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou215123China
| | - Yinglai Hou
- Suzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou215123China
| | - Haotian Jiang
- Suzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou215123China
| | - Yuzhen Li
- Suzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou215123China
| | - Guangyong Li
- Suzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou215123China
| | - Xuetong Zhang
- Suzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou215123China
- Division of Surgery & Interventional ScienceUniversity College LondonLondonNW3 2PFUK
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