1
|
Bui AT, Cox SJ. A classical density functional theory for solvation across length scales. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:104103. [PMID: 39248237 DOI: 10.1063/5.0223750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
A central aim of multiscale modeling is to use results from the Schrödinger equation to predict phenomenology on length scales that far exceed those of typical molecular correlations. In this work, we present a new approach rooted in classical density functional theory (cDFT) that allows us to accurately describe the solvation of apolar solutes across length scales. Our approach builds on the Lum-Chandler-Weeks (LCW) theory of hydrophobicity [K. Lum et al., J. Phys. Chem. B 103, 4570 (1999)] by constructing a free energy functional that uses a slowly varying component of the density field as a reference. From a practical viewpoint, the theory we present is numerically simpler and generalizes to solutes with soft-core repulsion more easily than LCW theory. Furthermore, by assessing the local compressibility and its critical scaling behavior, we demonstrate that our LCW-style cDFT approach contains the physics of critical drying, which has been emphasized as an essential aspect of hydrophobicity by recent theories. As our approach is parameterized on the two-body direct correlation function of the uniform fluid and the liquid-vapor surface tension, it straightforwardly captures the temperature dependence of solvation. Moreover, we use our theory to describe solvation at a first-principles level on length scales that vastly exceed what is accessible to molecular simulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna T Bui
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen J Cox
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li C, Shen Z. Role of Solvents in Oriented Attachment of Ag Nanoparticles: Insights from Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Topological Analysis. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:17423-17429. [PMID: 39129215 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Although the solvation force is considered one of the key forces behind the oriented attachment (OA), the precise roles of solvents in this process remain incompletely elucidated. In this study, we examined the effect of solvent polarities (water, acetone, and chloroform) on the attachment of silver nanoparticles by calculating the free energy curves for the OA process. The observed magnitudes of the binding energies and approaching and dissociation energy barriers are commensurate with the respective solvent polarities. Consequently, OA is more likely to occur in acetone with an intermediate permittivity relative to that of water and chloroform. Additionally, we identified a topological descriptor, namely, the Euler characteristic, of the solvent network, especially the water network, between two approaching surfaces, which manifests a linear correlation with the observed free energy profiles. This descriptor holds promise as a quantitative tool for predicting interactions between nanoparticles in solvent environments featuring hydrogen bond networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chong Li
- School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Ave., Wuxi, Jiangsu 412000, China
| | - Zhizhang Shen
- School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Ave., Wuxi, Jiangsu 412000, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nguyen QN, Wang C, Shang Y, Janssen A, Xia Y. Colloidal Synthesis of Metal Nanocrystals: From Asymmetrical Growth to Symmetry Breaking. Chem Rev 2022; 123:3693-3760. [PMID: 36547384 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nanocrystals offer a unique platform for tailoring the physicochemical properties of solid materials to enhance their performances in various applications. While most work on controlling their shapes revolves around symmetrical growth, the introduction of asymmetrical growth and thus symmetry breaking has also emerged as a powerful route to enrich metal nanocrystals with new shapes and complex morphologies as well as unprecedented properties and functionalities. The success of this route critically relies on our ability to lift the confinement on symmetry by the underlying unit cell of the crystal structure and/or the initial seed in a systematic manner. This Review aims to provide an account of recent progress in understanding and controlling asymmetrical growth and symmetry breaking in a colloidal synthesis of noble-metal nanocrystals. With a touch on both the nucleation and growth steps, we discuss a number of methods capable of generating seeds with diverse symmetry while achieving asymmetrical growth for mono-, bi-, and multimetallic systems. We then showcase a variety of symmetry-broken nanocrystals that have been reported, together with insights into their growth mechanisms. We also highlight their properties and applications and conclude with perspectives on future directions in developing this class of nanomaterials. It is hoped that the concepts and existing challenges outlined in this Review will drive further research into understanding and controlling the symmetry breaking process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quynh N. Nguyen
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia30332, United States
| | - Chenxiao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia30332, United States
| | - Yuxin Shang
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia30332, United States
| | - Annemieke Janssen
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia30332, United States
| | - Younan Xia
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia30332, United States
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia30332, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
Nucleation and growth are critical steps in crystallization, which plays an important role in determining crystal structure, size, morphology, and purity. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of nucleation and growth is crucial to realize the controllable fabrication of crystalline products with desired and reproducible properties. Based on classical models, the initial crystal nucleus is formed by the spontaneous aggregation of ions, atoms, or molecules, and crystal growth is dependent on the monomer's diffusion and the surface reaction. Recently, numerous in situ investigations on crystallization dynamics have uncovered the existence of nonclassical mechanisms. This review provides a summary and highlights the in situ studies of crystal nucleation and growth, with a particular emphasis on the state-of-the-art research progress since the year 2016, and includes technological advances, atomic-scale observations, substrate- and temperature-dependent nucleation and growth, and the progress achieved in the various materials: metals, alloys, metallic compounds, colloids, and proteins. Finally, the forthcoming opportunities and challenges in this fascinating field are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Materials and Devices, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi830011, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Francis Leonard Deepak
- Nanostructured Materials Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Av. Mestre Jose Veiga, 4715-330Braga, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gentili D, Ori G. Reversible assembly of nanoparticles: theory, strategies and computational simulations. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:14385-14432. [PMID: 36169572 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr02640f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The significant advances in synthesis and functionalization have enabled the preparation of high-quality nanoparticles that have found a plethora of successful applications. The unique physicochemical properties of nanoparticles can be manipulated through the control of size, shape, composition, and surface chemistry, but their technological application possibilities can be further expanded by exploiting the properties that emerge from their assembly. The ability to control the assembly of nanoparticles not only is required for many real technological applications, but allows the combination of the intrinsic properties of nanoparticles and opens the way to the exploitation of their complex interplay, giving access to collective properties. Significant advances and knowledge gained over the past few decades on nanoparticle assembly have made it possible to implement a growing number of strategies for reversible assembly of nanoparticles. In addition to being of interest for basic studies, such advances further broaden the range of applications and the possibility of developing innovative devices using nanoparticles. This review focuses on the reversible assembly of nanoparticles and includes the theoretical aspects related to the concept of reversibility, an up-to-date assessment of the experimental approaches applied to this field and the advanced computational schemes that offer key insights into the assembly mechanisms. We aim to provide readers with a comprehensive guide to address the challenges in assembling reversible nanoparticles and promote their applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Denis Gentili
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (CNR-ISMN), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Guido Ori
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, UMR 7504, Rue du Loess 23, F-67034 Strasbourg, France.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rollins ZA, Huang J, Tagkopoulos I, Faller R, George SC. A Computational Algorithm to Assess the Physiochemical Determinants of T Cell Receptor Dissociation Kinetics. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:3473-3481. [PMID: 35860406 PMCID: PMC9278023 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The rational design of T Cell Receptors (TCRs) for immunotherapy has stagnated due to a limited understanding of the dynamic physiochemical features of the TCR that elicit an immunogenic response. The physiochemical features of the TCR-peptide major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) bond dictate bond lifetime which, in turn, correlates with immunogenicity. Here, we: i) characterize the force-dependent dissociation kinetics of the bond between a TCR and a set of pMHC ligands using Steered Molecular Dynamics (SMD); and ii) implement a machine learning algorithm to identify which physiochemical features of the TCR govern dissociation kinetics. Our results demonstrate that the total number of hydrogen bonds between the CDR2β-MHC⍺(β), CDR1α-Peptide, and CDR3β-Peptide are critical features that determine bond lifetime.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jun Huang
- University of California, Davis, Davis, California, Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | | | | | - Steven C. George
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Corresponding author at: Department of Biomedical Engineering, 451 E. Health Sciences Drive, room 2315, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Duston TB, Pike RD, Welch DA, Nicholas AD. Pyridine interaction with γ-CuI: synergy between molecular dynamics and molecular orbital approaches to molecule/surface interactions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:7950-7960. [PMID: 35312738 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05888f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We have used a synergistic computational approach merging Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations with density functional theory (DFT) to investigate the mechanistic aspects of chemisorption of pyridine (Py) molecules on copper iodide. The presence of both positive and negative ions at the metal halide surface presents a chemical environment in which pyridine molecules may act as charge donors and/or acceptors. Computational results reveal that Py molecules interact with the γ-CuI(111) surface owing to a combination of noncovalent Cu⋯N, Cu/I⋯π/π*, and hydrogen bonding interactions as determined via Natural Bonding Orbitals (NBO). Introduction of surface defect sites alters the interaction dynamics, resulting in a "localizing effect" in which the Py molecules clump together within the defect site. Significant enhancement of hydrogen bonding between C-H σ* and I 6p orbitals results in more tightly surface-bound Py molecules. Our findings provide a platform for understanding the interaction between Py and Py-derivative vapors and metal-based surfaces that contain both electron acceptor and donor atoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Titouan B Duston
- Department of Chemistry, William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187, USA.
| | - Robert D Pike
- Department of Chemistry, William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187, USA.
| | - David A Welch
- Chemistry Department, Farmingdale State College, Farmingdale, NY, 11784, USA.
| | - Aaron D Nicholas
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA, 99354, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Generalova AN, Oleinikov VA, Khaydukov EV. One-dimensional necklace-like assemblies of inorganic nanoparticles: Recent advances in design, preparation and applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 297:102543. [PMID: 34678536 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
One-dimensional (1D) necklace-like assembly of inorganic nanoparticles exhibits unique collective properties, which are critical to open up new and remarkable opportunities in the field of nanotechnology. This review focuses on the recent advances in the production of these types of assemblies employing two strategies: colloidal synthesis and self-assembly procedures. After a brief description of the forces guiding nanoparticles towards the assembly, the main features of both strategies are discussed. Examples of approaches, typically involved in colloidal synthesis, are highlighted. The peculiar properties of 1D nanostructures are strictly associated with the nanoparticle arrangement in the form of highly ordered assemblies, which are attained during the synthesis both in the solution and using a template, as well as under the action of an external force. The various 1D necklace-like structures, created through nanoparticle self-assembly, demonstrate aligned, oriented nanoparticle organization. Diverse nature, size and shape of preformed particles as building blocks, along with utilizing different linkers, templates or external field lead to fabrication of 1D chain nanostructures with properties responsible for their wide applications. The unique structure-property relationship, both in colloidal synthesis, and self-assembly, offers broad spectrum of 1D necklace-like nanostructure implementations, illustrated by their use in photonics, electronics, electrocatalysis, magnetics.
Collapse
|
9
|
Li J, Liang X, Cai L, Zhao C. Surfactant-Free Synthesis of Three-Dimensional Metallic Nanonetworks via Nanobubble-Assisted Self-Assembly. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:8323-8330. [PMID: 34210124 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional metallic nanonetworks (3D-MNWs) demonstrate unique performances across a wide range of fields, and their facile and green synthetic method is of high significance. Herein, we report a self-generated-nanobubble scaffolding strategy for the fabrication of 3D-MNWs, which employs aqua ammonia (AA) as a nanobubble reservoir and avoids the use of any surfactants or polymeric capping agents. Benefiting from the interaction between ammonia and metallic nanoparticles, finely interlocked nanonetworks (Au, Pt, Ag, and Cu) with curved geometry and abundant pores are obtained by precisely controlling the anisotropic kinetic growth using a strong reducing agent and a high concentration of AA. As a demonstration, the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) is tested to assess the electrocatalytic performance of the Pt 3D-MNWs. The peak current of Pt 3D-MNWs reaches 152 mA/mgPt, which is 2.5 times higher than that of commercial Pt black. This unique nanobubble-assisted strategy has great potential in the basic synthetic prototype for polyporous nanomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, Guangdong 521041, China
| | - Xiaosi Liang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Liying Cai
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Chenyang Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Nicholas AD, Barnes FH, Adams DR, Webber MS, Sturner MA, Kessler MD, Welch DA, Pike RD, Patterson HH. Understanding the vapochromic response of mixed copper(i) iodide/silver(i) Iodide nanoparticles toward dimethyl sulfide. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:11296-11306. [PMID: 32395725 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp00504e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We report on the vapochromic behavior of a series of homo- and heterometallic copper(i) iodide/silver(i) iodide nanoparticles when exposed to dimethyl sulfide (DMS) vapor. These systems show remarkable colorimetric sensing behavior via emission color upon DMS exposure, shifting from pink to green emission. Kinetics measurements of CuI/AgI nanoparticle reactions with DMS show a significant rate increase with increasing Ag(i) content. However, luminescence spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction of the post-exposure samples with varying Ag(i) content reveal that the luminophore is identical in all cases and contains no Ag(i) ions. To rationalize the experimental observations and determine the vapochromic response mechanism, molecular dynamic calculations were performed on model (111) cation-terminated surfaces of copper iodide crystals doped with variable amounts of silver. Computational studies indicate that heterometallic Cu/Ag systems have a stronger binding affinity towards DMS vapor molecules than homometallic CuI and that embedding of the DMS molecules into the surface is the primary intermediate by which the vapochromic response occurs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron D Nicholas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Formation mechanisms for hierarchical nickel hydroxide microstructures hydrothermally prepared with different nickel salt precursors. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.124374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
12
|
Guo P, Gao Y. Coalescence of Au Nanoparticles without Ligand Detachment. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:066101. [PMID: 32109082 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.066101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Repulsion of ligands is known as the key factor for hindering nanoparticle (NP) coalescence. Thus, during the past decade, it has generally accepted that the full removal of capping ligands of the contact surface is the first step for NP coalescence. Herein, using molecular dynamics simulations, we have identified a new mechanism for the coalescence of S(CH_{2})_{n}COOH-coated Au NPs in water without ligand detachment. In contrast to the traditional mechanism, the aggregation of the NPs is induced by the twined hydrophobic chains of the ligands rather than the hydrophilic carboxyl tails as believed previously. Next, the exposed surface atoms attach to form the neck, and extend with the atomic rearrangement of the contact interface to merge the NPs, which do not need the removal of ligands as expected from traditional supposition. This finding refreshes the understanding of the atomic mechanism of the coalescence of NPs, which paves the way for the rational design and synthesis of NPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Guo
- Division of Interfacial Water and Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Yi Gao
- Division of Interfacial Water and Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu T, Dou X, Xu Y, Chen Y, Han Y. In Situ Investigation of Dynamic Silver Crystallization Driven by Chemical Reaction and Diffusion. RESEARCH 2020; 2020:4370817. [PMID: 32118207 PMCID: PMC7035454 DOI: 10.34133/2020/4370817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Rational synthesis of materials is a long-term challenging issue due to the poor understanding on the formation mechanism of material structure and the limited capability in controlling nanoscale crystallization. The emergent in situ electron microscope provides an insight to this issue. By employing an in situ scanning electron microscope, silver crystallization is investigated in real time, in which a reversible crystallization is observed. To disclose this reversible crystallization, the radicals generated by the irradiation of electron beam are calculated. It is found that the concentrations of radicals are spatiotemporally variable in the liquid cell due to the diffusion and reaction of radicals. The fluctuation of the reductive hydrated electrons and the oxidative hydroxyl radicals in the cell leads to the alternative dominance of the reduction and oxidation reactions. The reduction leads to the growth of silver crystals while the oxidation leads to their dissolution, which results in the reversible silver crystallization. A regulation of radical distribution by electron dose rates leads to the formation of diverse silver structures, confirming the dominant role of local chemical concentration in the structure evolution of materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, 570228 Haikou, China
| | - Xiangyu Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, China.,School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Yonghui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, China.,School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Yongjun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, 570228 Haikou, China
| | - Yongsheng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, China.,School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hufschmid R, Teeman E, Mehdi BL, Krishnan KM, Browning ND. Observing the colloidal stability of iron oxide nanoparticles in situ. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:13098-13107. [PMID: 31268080 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr03709h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal processes such as nucleation, growth, ripening, and dissolution are fundamental to the synthesis and application of engineered nanoparticles, as well as numerous natural systems. In nanocolloids consisting of a dispersion of nanoparticles in solution, colloidal stability is influenced by factors including the particle surface facet and capping layer, and local temperature, chemistry, and acidity. In this paper, we investigate colloidal stability through the real-time manipulation of nanoparticles using in situ liquid cell Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM). In a distribution of uniform iron oxide nanoparticles, we use the electron beam to precisely control the local chemistry of the solution and observe the critical role that surface chemistry plays in nanoparticle stability. By functionalizing the nanoparticle surfaces with charged amino acids and peptides, stability can be tuned to promote dissolution, growth, or agglomeration, either permanently or reversibly. STEM imaging is used to quantify kinetics of individual nanoparticles subject to local variations in chemistry. These measurements of dissolution and growth rates of iron oxide nanoparticles provide insights into nanoparticle stability relevant to synthesis and functionalization for biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Hufschmid
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-2129, USA.
| | - Eric Teeman
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-2129, USA.
| | - B Layla Mehdi
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GH, UK. and Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GH, UK
| | - Kannan M Krishnan
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-2129, USA.
| | - Nigel D Browning
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GH, UK. and Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GH, UK and Physical and Computational Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wei W, Zhang H, Wang W, Dong M, Nie M, Sun L, Xu F. Observing the Growth of Pb 3O 4 Nanocrystals by in Situ Liquid Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:24478-24484. [PMID: 31257843 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b08524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the growth behaviors of nanomaterials during liquid-phase synthesis will be beneficial in designing and applying many functional nanodevices. However, the growth pathways regarding the nanocrystal facet development remain largely unknown as direct observation is lacking. Herein, the in situ study of Pb3O4 nanocrystals' growth is reported by using the liquid cell transmission electron microscopy with high spatial and temporal resolution. The findings indicate that Pb3O4 nanocrystals' growth follows distinct trajectories with shape evolution when the growth pathways are varied. Three growth pathways are observed, including the monomer growth of Pb3O4 nanocrystals, the coalescence growth of four stationary Pb3O4 nanocrystals, and the oriented attachment growth of Pb3O4 nanocrystal pairs and multiple randomly dispersed Pb3O4 nanocrystals. It is the first observation that Pb3O4 nanocrystals with a regular quadrilateral shape are formed, in which nanocrystal facets preferentially grow along the [002] direction of Pb3O4. Theoretical analysis confirms in this study that the surface energy and physical driving force play key roles in the growth of nanocrystals in a liquid. Such understanding of the growth pathways and quantification of formation kinetics are important for the design of hierarchical nanomaterials and the control of nanocrystal self-assembly for functional devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Laboratory of MEMS of the Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Fabrication, Device and System , Southeast University , Nanjing 210096 , China
| | - Hongtao Zhang
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Laboratory of MEMS of the Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Fabrication, Device and System , Southeast University , Nanjing 210096 , China
| | - Wen Wang
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Laboratory of MEMS of the Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Fabrication, Device and System , Southeast University , Nanjing 210096 , China
| | - Meng Dong
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Laboratory of MEMS of the Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Fabrication, Device and System , Southeast University , Nanjing 210096 , China
| | - Meng Nie
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Laboratory of MEMS of the Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Fabrication, Device and System , Southeast University , Nanjing 210096 , China
| | - Litao Sun
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Laboratory of MEMS of the Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Fabrication, Device and System , Southeast University , Nanjing 210096 , China
- Center for Advanced Materials and Manufacture , Joint Research Institute of Southeast University and Monash University , Suzhou 215123 , China
| | - Feng Xu
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Laboratory of MEMS of the Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Fabrication, Device and System , Southeast University , Nanjing 210096 , China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Huo D, Kim MJ, Lyu Z, Shi Y, Wiley BJ, Xia Y. One-Dimensional Metal Nanostructures: From Colloidal Syntheses to Applications. Chem Rev 2019; 119:8972-9073. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Da Huo
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Myung Jun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Zhiheng Lyu
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Yifeng Shi
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Benjamin J. Wiley
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Younan Xia
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Bhattarai N, Prozorov T. Direct Observation of Early Stages of Growth of Multilayered DNA-Templated Au-Pd-Au Core-Shell Nanoparticles in Liquid Phase. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:19. [PMID: 30863747 PMCID: PMC6399153 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
We report here on direct observation of early stages of formation of multilayered bimetallic Au-Pd core-shell nanocubes and Au-Pd-Au core-shell nanostars in liquid phase using low-dose in situ scanning transmission electron microscopy (S/TEM) with the continuous flow fluid cell. The reduction of Pd and formation of Au-Pd core-shell is achieved through the flow of the reducing agent. Initial rapid growth of Pd on Au along <111> direction is followed by a slower rearrangement of Pd shell. We propose the mechanism for the DNA-directed shape transformation of Au-Pd core-shell nanocubes to adopt a nanostar-like morphology in the presence of T30 DNA and discuss the observed nanoparticle motion in the confined volume of the fluid cell. The growth of Au shell over Au-Pd nanocube is initiated at the vertices of the nanocubes, leading to the preferential growth of the {111} facets and resulting in formation of nanostar-like particles. While the core-shell nanostructures formed in a fluid cell in situ under the low-dose imaging conditions closely resemble those obtained in solution syntheses, the reaction kinetics in the fluid cell is affected by the radiolysis of liquid reagents induced by the electron beam, altering the rate-determining reaction steps. We discuss details of the growth processes and propose the reaction mechanism in liquid phase in situ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tanya Prozorov
- Emergent Atomic and Magnetic Structures, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy, Ames, IA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Anovitz LM, Zhang X, Soltis J, Nakouzi E, Krzysko AJ, Chun J, Schenter GK, Graham TR, Rosso KM, De Yoreo JJ, Stack AG, Bleuel M, Gagnon C, Mildner DFR, Ilavsky J, Kuzmenko I. Effects of Ionic Strength, Salt, and pH on Aggregation of Boehmite Nanocrystals: Tumbler Small-Angle Neutron and X-ray Scattering and Imaging Analysis. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:15839-15853. [PMID: 30350702 PMCID: PMC11024987 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b00865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The US government currently spends significant resources managing the legacies of the Cold War, including 300 million liters of highly radioactive wastes stored in hundreds of tanks at the Hanford (WA) and Savannah River (SC) sites. The materials in these tanks consist of highly radioactive slurries and sludges at very high pH and salt concentrations. The solid particles primarily consist of aluminum hydroxides and oxyhydroxides (gibbsite and boehmite), although many other materials are present. These form complex aggregates that dramatically affect the rheology of the solutions and, therefore, efforts to recover and treat these wastes. In this paper, we have used a combination of transmission and cryo-transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and X-ray and neutron small and ultrasmall-angle scattering to study the aggregation of synthetic nanoboehmite particles at pH 9 (approximately the point of zero charge) and 12, and sodium nitrate and calcium nitrate concentrations up to 1 m. Although the initial particles form individual rhombohedral platelets, once placed in solution they quickly form well-bonded stacks, primary aggregates, up to ∼1500 Å long. These are more prevalent at pH = 12. Addition of calcium nitrate or sodium nitrate has a similar effect as lowering pH, but approximately 100 times less calcium than sodium is needed to observe this effect. These aggregates have fractal dimension between 2.5 and 2.6 that are relatively unaffected by salt concentration for calcium nitrate at high pH. Larger aggregates (>∼4000 Å) are also formed, but their size distributions are discrete rather than continuous. The fractal dimensions of these aggregates are strongly pH-dependent, but only become dependent on solute at high concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L. M. Anovitz
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, MS 6110, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6110, United States
| | - X. Zhang
- Physical Sciences Division. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - J. Soltis
- Physical Sciences Division. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - E. Nakouzi
- Physical Sciences Division. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - A. J. Krzysko
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - J. Chun
- Physical Sciences Division. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - G. K. Schenter
- Physical Sciences Division. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - T. R. Graham
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - K. M. Rosso
- Physical Sciences Division. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - J. J. De Yoreo
- Physical Sciences Division. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - A. G. Stack
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, MS 6110, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6110, United States
| | - M. Bleuel
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Stop 6102, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20889-6102, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Eng. J. Clark School of Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - C. Gagnon
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Stop 6102, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20889-6102, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Eng. J. Clark School of Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - D. F. R. Mildner
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Stop 6102, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20889-6102, United States
| | - J. Ilavsky
- Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Bldg. 433A, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - I. Kuzmenko
- Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Bldg. 433A, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Jin B, Sushko ML, Liu Z, Jin C, Tang R. In Situ Liquid Cell TEM Reveals Bridge-Induced Contact and Fusion of Au Nanocrystals in Aqueous Solution. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:6551-6556. [PMID: 30188138 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b03139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
During nanoparticle coalescence in aqueous solution, dehydration and initial contact of particles are critically important but poorly understood processes. In this work, we used in situ liquid-cell transmission electron microscopy to directly visualize the coalescence process of Au nanocrystals. It is found that the Au atomic nanobridge forms between adjacent nanocrystals that are separated by a ∼0.5 nm hydration layer. The nanobridge structure first induces initial contact of Au nanocrystals over their hydration layers and then surface diffusion and grain boundary migration to rearrange into a single nanocrystal. Classical density functional theory calculations and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations suggest that the formation of the nanobridge can be attributed to the accumulation of auric ions and a higher local supersaturation in the gap, which can promote dehydration, contact, and fusion of Au nanocrystals. The discovery of this multistep process advances our understanding of the nanoparticle coalescence mechanism in aqueous solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria L Sushko
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Stanfill BA, Reehl SM, Johnson MC, Browning ND, Mehdi BL, Caragea PC, Bramer LM. Quantitative Mapping of Nanoscale Chemical Dynamics in Sub‐Sampled Operando (S)TEM Images using Spatio‐Temporal Analytics. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201800333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bryan A. Stanfill
- National Security Directorate Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA 99352 USA
| | - Sarah M. Reehl
- National Security Directorate Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA 99352 USA
| | | | - Nigel D. Browning
- School of Engineering University of Liverpool Liverpool United Kingdom
| | - B. Layla Mehdi
- School of Engineering University of Liverpool Liverpool United Kingdom
| | | | - Lisa M. Bramer
- National Security Directorate Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA 99352 USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Du JS, Chen PC, Meckes B, Kluender EJ, Xie Z, Dravid VP, Mirkin CA. Windowless Observation of Evaporation-Induced Coarsening of Au-Pt Nanoparticles in Polymer Nanoreactors. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:7213-7221. [PMID: 29856627 PMCID: PMC8243569 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b03105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The interactions between nanoparticles and solvents play a critical role in the formation of complex, metastable nanostructures. However, direct observation of such interactions with high spatial and temporal resolution is challenging with conventional liquid-cell transmission electron microscopy (TEM) experiments. Here, a windowless system consisting of polymer nanoreactors deposited via scanning probe block copolymer lithography (SPBCL) on an amorphous carbon film is used to investigate the coarsening of ultrafine (1-3 nm) Au-Pt bimetallic nanoparticles as a function of solvent evaporation. In such reactors, homogeneous Au-Pt nanoparticles are synthesized from metal-ion precursors in situ under electron irradiation. The nonuniform evaporation of the thin polymer film not only concentrates the nanoparticles but also accelerates the coalescence kinetics at the receding polymer edges. Qualitative analysis of the particle forces influencing coalescence suggests that capillary dragging by the polymer edges plays a significant role in accelerating this process. Taken together, this work (1) provides fundamental insight into the role of solvents in the chemistry and coarsening behavior of nanoparticles during the synthesis of polyelemental nanostructures, (2) provides insight into how particles form via the SPBCL process, and (3) shows how SPBCL-generated domes, instead of liquid cells, can be used to study nanoparticle formation. More generally, it shows why conventional models of particle coarsening, which do not take into account solvent evaporation, cannot be used to describe what is occurring in thin film, liquid-based syntheses of nanostructures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingshan S. Du
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Peng-Cheng Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Brian Meckes
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Edward J. Kluender
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Zhuang Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Vinayak P. Dravid
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Chad A. Mirkin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Sikaroudi AE, Welch DA, Woehl TJ, Faller R, Evans JE, Browning ND, Park C. Directional Statistics of Preferential Orientations of Two Shapes in Their Aggregate and Its Application to Nanoparticle Aggregation. Technometrics 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00401706.2017.1366949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Taylor J. Woehl
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD
| | - Roland Faller
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA
| | - James E. Evans
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA
| | - Nigel D. Browning
- Fundamental Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA
| | - Chiwoo Park
- Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Host lattice effects on the design of different metallophilic nanoclusters with novel photonic properties. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
24
|
Si KJ, Chen Y, Shi Q, Cheng W. Nanoparticle Superlattices: The Roles of Soft Ligands. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1700179. [PMID: 29375958 PMCID: PMC5770676 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201700179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle superlattices are periodic arrays of nanoscale inorganic building blocks including metal nanoparticles, quantum dots and magnetic nanoparticles. Such assemblies can exhibit exciting new collective properties different from those of individual nanoparticle or corresponding bulk materials. However, fabrication of nanoparticle superlattices is nontrivial because nanoparticles are notoriously difficult to manipulate due to complex nanoscale forces among them. An effective way to manipulate these nanoscale forces is to use soft ligands, which can prevent nanoparticles from disordered aggregation, fine-tune the interparticle potential as well as program lattice structures and interparticle distances - the two key parameters governing superlattice properties. This article aims to review the up-to-date advances of superlattices from the viewpoint of soft ligands. We first describe the theories and design principles of soft-ligand-based approach and then thoroughly cover experimental techniques developed from soft ligands such as molecules, polymer and DNA. Finally, we discuss the remaining challenges and future perspectives in nanoparticle superlattices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kae Jye Si
- Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Monash University Clayton 3800 Victoria Australia
- The Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication151 Wellington Road Clayton 3168 Victoria Australia
| | - Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Southeast University Nanjing China
| | - Qianqian Shi
- Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Monash University Clayton 3800 Victoria Australia
- The Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication151 Wellington Road Clayton 3168 Victoria Australia
| | - Wenlong Cheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Monash University Clayton 3800 Victoria Australia
- The Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication151 Wellington Road Clayton 3168 Victoria Australia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Imaging the polymerization of multivalent nanoparticles in solution. Nat Commun 2017; 8:761. [PMID: 28970557 PMCID: PMC5624893 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00857-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous mechanisms have been studied for chemical reactions to provide quantitative predictions on how atoms spatially arrange into molecules. In nanoscale colloidal systems, however, less is known about the physical rules governing their spatial organization, i.e., self-assembly, into functional materials. Here, we monitor real-time self-assembly dynamics at the single nanoparticle level, which reveal marked similarities to foundational principles of polymerization. Specifically, using the prototypical system of gold triangular nanoprisms, we show that colloidal self-assembly is analogous to polymerization in three aspects: ensemble growth statistics following models for step-growth polymerization, with nanoparticles as linkable “monomers”; bond angles determined by directional internanoparticle interactions; and product topology determined by the valency of monomeric units. Liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy imaging and theoretical modeling elucidate the nanometer-scale mechanisms for these polymer-like phenomena in nanoparticle systems. The results establish a quantitative conceptual framework for self-assembly dynamics that can aid in designing future nanoparticle-based materials. Few models exist that describe the spontaneous organization of colloids into materials. Here, the authors combine liquid-phase TEM and single particle tracking to observe the dynamics of gold nanoprisms, finding that nanoscale self-assembly can be understood within the framework of atomic polymerization.
Collapse
|
26
|
Miele E, Raj S, Baraissov Z, Král P, Mirsaidov U. Dynamics of Templated Assembly of Nanoparticle Filaments within Nanochannels. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1702682. [PMID: 28752593 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201702682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) can self-assemble into complex, organized superstructures on patterned surfaces through fluid-mediated interactions. However, the detailed mechanisms for such NP assemblies are largely unknown. Here, using in situ transmission electron microscopy, the stepwise self-assembly dynamics of hydrophobic gold NPs into long filaments formed on the surfaces of water-filled patterned nanochannel templates is observed. First, the formation of a meniscus between the nanochannel walls, during the slow drying of water, causes accumulation of the NPs in the middle of the nanochannels. Second, owing to the strong van der Waals attraction between the NP ligands, the NPs condense into filaments along the centers of the nanochannels. Filaments with highly fluctuating longitudinal NP densities are also observed to fragment into separated structures. Understanding the intermediate stages of fluid-mediated NP self-assembly on patterned surfaces will have important implications for the controlled formation of templated NP assemblies with numerous applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ermanno Miele
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117551, Singapore
- Centre for Bioimaging Sciences and Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117557, Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore
| | - Sanoj Raj
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Zhaslan Baraissov
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117551, Singapore
- Centre for Bioimaging Sciences and Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117557, Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore
- NUSNNI-NanoCore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117411, Singapore
| | - Petr Král
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
- Department of Physics, Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Utkur Mirsaidov
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117551, Singapore
- Centre for Bioimaging Sciences and Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117557, Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore
- NUSNNI-NanoCore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117411, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Tan SF, Chee SW, Lin G, Mirsaidov U. Direct Observation of Interactions between Nanoparticles and Nanoparticle Self-Assembly in Solution. Acc Chem Res 2017; 50:1303-1312. [PMID: 28485945 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Hierarchically organized nanoparticles (NPs) possess unique properties and are relevant to various technological applications. An important "bottom-up" strategy for building such hierarchical nanostructures is to guide the individual NPs into ordered nanoarchitectures using intermolecular interactions and external forces. However, our current understanding of the nanoscale interactions that govern such self-assembly processes usually relies on post-synthesis/assembly or indirect characterization. Theoretical models that can derive these interactions are presently constrained to systems with only a few particles or on short time scales. Hence, except for a number of special cases, a description that captures the detailed mechanisms of NP self-assembly still eludes us. By imaging the assembly of NPs in solution with subnanometer resolution and in real-time, in situ liquid cell transmission electron microscopy (LC-TEM) can identify previously unknown intermediate stages and improve our understanding of such processes. Here, we review recent studies where we explored NP self-assembly at different organization length scales using LC-TEM: (1) we followed the transformation of atoms into crystalline NPs in solution, (2) we highlighted the role of solvation forces on interaction dynamics between NPs, and (3) we described the assembly dynamics of NPs in solution. In the case of nanocrystal nucleation, we identified the existence of three distinct steps that lead to the formation of crystalline nuclei in solution. These steps are spinodal decomposition of the precursor solution into solute-rich and solute-poor liquid phases, nucleation of amorphous clusters within the solute-rich liquid phase, followed by crystallization of these amorphous clusters into crystalline NPs. The next question we ask is how NPs interact in solution once they form. It turns out that the hydration layer surrounding each NP acts as a repulsive barrier that prevents NPs from readily attaching to each other due to attractive vdW forces. Consequently, two interacting NPs form a metastable pair separated by their one water molecule thick hydration shell and they undergo attachment only when this water between them is drained. Next, we explore the self-assembly of many NP systems where the formation of linear chains from spherical NPs or nanorods (NRs) is mediated by linker molecules. At low linker concentration, both spherical NPs and NRs tend to form linear chains because of the need to reduce electrostatic repulsion between NP building blocks. When the concentration of linkers is increased, the attachment of NPs is no longer linear. For example, we find that two NRs undergo side-to-side assembly due to decreased electrostatic repulsion and the anisotropic distribution of linkers on NR surfaces at high linker concentration. Lastly, we look at the formation of NP nanorings directed by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) nanodroplets in water. Our study shows that nanoring assemblies form via sequential attachment of NPs to binding sites located along the circumference of the EDTA nanodroplet, followed by rearrangement and reorientation of the attached NPs. Our approach based on real-time visualization of nanoscale processes not only reveals all the intermediate steps of NP assembly, but also provides quantitative description on the interactions between nanoscale objects in solution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu Fen Tan
- Department
of Physics, National University of Singapore, 117551 Singapore
- Centre
for BioImaging Sciences and Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 117557 Singapore
| | - See Wee Chee
- Department
of Physics, National University of Singapore, 117551 Singapore
- Centre
for BioImaging Sciences and Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 117557 Singapore
- Centre
for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore, 117546 Singapore
| | - Guanhua Lin
- Department
of Physics, National University of Singapore, 117551 Singapore
- Centre
for BioImaging Sciences and Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 117557 Singapore
- Centre
for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore, 117546 Singapore
- NUSNNI-NanoCore, National University of Singapore, 117411 Singapore
| | - Utkur Mirsaidov
- Department
of Physics, National University of Singapore, 117551 Singapore
- Centre
for BioImaging Sciences and Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 117557 Singapore
- Centre
for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore, 117546 Singapore
- NUSNNI-NanoCore, National University of Singapore, 117411 Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Oriented Growth of α-MnO₂ Nanorods Using Natural Extracts from Grape Stems and Apple Peels. NANOMATERIALS 2017; 7:nano7050117. [PMID: 28531147 PMCID: PMC5449998 DOI: 10.3390/nano7050117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We report on the synthesis of alpha manganese dioxide (α-MnO2) nanorods using natural extracts from Vitis vinifera grape stems and Malus domestica ‘Cortland’ apple peels. We used a two-step method to produce highly crystalline α-MnO2 nanorods: (1) reduction of KMnO4 in the presence of natural extracts to initiate the nucleation process; and (2) a thermal treatment to enable further solid-state growth of the nuclei. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) images provided direct evidence of the morphology of the nanorods and these images were used to propose nucleation and growth mechanisms. We found that the α-MnO2 nanorods synthesized using natural extracts exhibit structural and magnetic properties similar to those of nanoparticles synthesized via traditional chemical routes. Furthermore, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) shows that the particle growth of the α-MnO2 nanorods appears to be controlled by the presence of natural capping agents during the thermal treatment. We also evaluated the catalytic activity of the nanorods in the degradation of aqueous solutions of indigo carmine dye, highlighting the potential use of these materials to clean dye-polluted water.
Collapse
|
29
|
Tan SF, Anand U, Mirsaidov U. Interactions and Attachment Pathways between Functionalized Gold Nanorods. ACS NANO 2017; 11:1633-1640. [PMID: 28117977 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b07398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle (NP) self-assembly has been recognized as an important technological process for forming ordered nanostructures. However, the detailed dynamics of the assembly processes remain poorly understood. Using in situ liquid cell transmission electron microscopy, we describe the assembly modes of gold (Au) nanorods (NRs) in solution mediated by hydrogen bonding between NR-bound cysteamine linker molecules. Our observations reveal that by tuning the linker concentration, two different NR assembly modes can be achieved. These assembly modes proceed via the (1) end-to-end and (2) side-to-side attachment of NRs at low and high linker concentrations in solution, respectively. In addition, our time-resolved observations reveal that the side-to-side NR assemblies can occur through two different pathways: (i) prealigned attachment, where two Au NRs prealign to be parallel prior to assembly, and (ii) postattachment alignment, where two Au NRs first undergo end-to-end attachment and pivot around the attachment point to form the side-to-side assembly. We attributed the observed assembly modes to the distribution of linkers on the NR surfaces and the electrostatic interactions between the NRs. The intermediate steps in the assembly reported here reveal how the shape and surface functionalities of NPs drive their self-assembly, which is important for the rational design of hierarchical nanostructures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu Fen Tan
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore , 117551 Singapore
- Centre for BioImaging Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore , 117557 Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore , 117546 Singapore
| | - Utkarsh Anand
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore , 117551 Singapore
- Centre for BioImaging Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore , 117557 Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore , 117546 Singapore
- NUSNNI-NanoCore, National University of Singapore , 117411 Singapore
| | - Utkur Mirsaidov
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore , 117551 Singapore
- Centre for BioImaging Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore , 117557 Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore , 117546 Singapore
- NUSNNI-NanoCore, National University of Singapore , 117411 Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kim J, Jones MR, Ou Z, Chen Q. In Situ Electron Microscopy Imaging and Quantitative Structural Modulation of Nanoparticle Superlattices. ACS NANO 2016; 10:9801-9808. [PMID: 27723304 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b05270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
We use liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy (LP-TEM) to characterize the structure and dynamics of a solution-phase superlattice assembled from gold nanoprisms at the single particle level. The lamellar structure of the superlattice, determined by a balance of interprism interactions, is maintained and resolved under low-dose imaging conditions typically reserved for biomolecular imaging. In this dose range, we capture dynamic structural changes in the superlattice in real time, where contraction and smaller steady-state lattice constants are observed at higher electron dose rates. Quantitative analysis of the contraction mechanism based on a combination of direct LP-TEM imaging, ensemble small-angle X-ray scattering, and theoretical modeling allows us to elucidate: (1) the superlattice contraction in LP-TEM results from the screening of electrostatic repulsion due to as much as a 6-fold increase in the effective ionic strength in the solution upon electron beam illumination; and (2) the lattice constant serves as a means to understand the mechanism of the in situ interaction modulation and precisely calibrate electron dose rates with the effective ionic strength of the system. These results demonstrate that low-dose LP-TEM is a powerful tool for obtaining structural and kinetic properties of nanoassemblies in liquid conditions that closely resemble real experiments. We anticipate that this technique will be especially advantageous for those structures with heterogeneity or disorder that cannot be easily probed by ensemble methods and will provide important insight that will aid in the rational design of sophisticated reconfigurable nanomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew R Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abedini A, Ludwig T, Zhang Z, Turner CH. Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Bismuth Telluride Exfoliation Mechanisms in Different Ionic Liquid Solvents. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:9982-9992. [PMID: 27622940 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3) is a well-known thermoelectric material with potential applications in several different emerging technologies. The bulk structure is composed of stacks of quintuple sheets (with weak interactions between neighboring sheets), and the performance of the material can be significantly enhanced if exfoliated into two-dimensional nanosheets. In this study, eight different imidazolium-based ionic liquids are evaluated as solvents for the exfoliation and dispersion of Bi2Te3 at temperatures ranging from 350 to 550 K. Three distinct exfoliation mechanisms are evaluated (pulling, shearing, and peeling) using steered molecular dynamics simulations, and we predict that the peeling mechanism is thermodynamically the most favorable route. Furthermore, the [Tf2N-]-based ionic liquids are particularly effective at enhancing the exfoliation, and this performance can be correlated to the unique molecular-level solvation structures developed at the Bi2Te3 surfaces. This information helps provide insight into the molecular origins of exfoliation and solvation involving Bi2Te3 (and possibly other layered chalcogenide materials) and ionic liquid solvents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asghar Abedini
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama , Box 870203, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Thomas Ludwig
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama , Box 870203, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Zhongtao Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama , Box 870203, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - C Heath Turner
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama , Box 870203, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chen X, Song X, Qiao W, Zhang X, Sun Y, Xu X, Zhong W, Du Y. Solvent-directed and anion-modulated self-assemblies of nanoparticles: a case of ZnO. CrystEngComm 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ce02056a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
33
|
Marzbanrad AE, Rivers G, Rogalsky A, Lee-Sullivan P, Zhao B, Zhou NY. Highly repeatable kinetically-independent synthesis of one- and two-dimensional silver nanostructures by oriented attachment. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra08031f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A repeatable and fast synthesis of one- and two-dimensional silver nanostructures with thickness of 20–25 nm, constructed from highly stable hexagonal and triangular nanoplates has been achieved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. Ehsan Marzbanrad
- Centre for Advanced Materials Joining
- University of Waterloo
- Waterloo
- Canada
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering
| | - Geoffrey Rivers
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering
- University of Waterloo
- Waterloo
- Canada
| | - Allan Rogalsky
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering
- University of Waterloo
- Waterloo
- Canada
| | - Pearl Lee-Sullivan
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering
- University of Waterloo
- Waterloo
- Canada
| | - Boxin Zhao
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- University of Waterloo
- Waterloo
- Canada
| | - Norman Y. Zhou
- Centre for Advanced Materials Joining
- University of Waterloo
- Waterloo
- Canada
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering
| |
Collapse
|