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Zhou X, Zhao Y, Dai L, Xu G. Bacillus subtilis and Bifidobacteria bifidum Fermentation Effects on Various Active Ingredient Contents in Cornus officinalis Fruit. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031032. [PMID: 36770698 PMCID: PMC9920020 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial fermentation has been widely used to improve the quality and functional composition of food and edibles; however, the approach has rarely been applied to traditional Chinese medicines. In this study, to understand the effect of microbial fermentation on the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicines, we used Bifidobacterium bifidum and Bacillus subtilis to ferment the traditional Chinese medicine, Cornus officinalis fruit (COF), and determined the levels of active ingredients using HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography). According to the results, both B. subtilis and B. bifidum substantially increased the amount of gallic acid in the COF culture broth after fermentation; however, the two species of bacteria had no effect on the loganin content. Moreover, the B. subtilis fermentation reduced the contents of ursolic acid and oleanolic acid in the COF broth, whereas the B. bifidum fermentation did not. This study contributes to a better understanding of the mechanism by which microbial fermentation alters the active ingredient levels of traditional Chinese medicines, and suggests that fermentation may potentially improve their functional ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuren Zhou
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Hualan Road 90#, Xinxiang 453002, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-373-3040337
| | - Yimin Zhao
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Changgang Road 189#, Nanning 530010, China
| | - Lei Dai
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Hualan Road 90#, Xinxiang 453002, China
| | - Guifang Xu
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Hualan Road 90#, Xinxiang 453002, China
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Liu Y, Liu W, Fan S, Yu Y, Shi Z, Liu W, Wu Z, Jiao Y, Tang H, Zhang J, Xu L, Feng F, Xu J. Processing Mechanism of Massa Medicata Fermentata Based on the Correlation Analysis of Strains, Chemical Compositions and Anti-Inflammatory Activity. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202200822. [PMID: 36527339 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The traditional Chinese medicine of fermented medicine may be under the involvement of multiple strains and the interaction between these microorganisms. Liu Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata, MMF) is one of the most widely used fermented medicines, whose potential processing mechanism is still unclear. In this work, UPLC/MS and GNPS methods were employed to rapidly predict chemical compositions in MMF. Moreover, the dynamic changes of strains, chemical compositions and anti-inflammatory activity of MMF during fermentation process were investigated, and subsequently strains-chemical compositions-efficacy interactions were revealed by Pearson correlation analysis and partial least squares regression (PLSR) analysis. As a result, 24 components were identified, and the potential strains including Bacillus, Burkholderia_Caballeronia_Paraburkholderia, Enterobacter, Aspergillus heterocaryoticus, Rhizopus arrhizus, Kazachstania bulderi, which related to the production of anti-inflammatory active ingredients were exposed. These results demonstrated chemical compositions-strains-efficacy interactions during fermentation of MMF, and provide reference for the exploration of the processing mechanism of MMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- School of Chinese Traditional Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Wanqiu Liu
- School of Chinese Traditional Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Siqi Fan
- School of Chinese Traditional Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Yu
- School of Chinese Traditional Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoxia Shi
- School of Chinese Traditional Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Wenyuan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Zongyao Wu
- Tibetan Medicine Institute, Tibetan University of Tibetan Medicine, Lhasa, 850007, P. R. China
| | - Yuzhi Jiao
- Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huaian, 223003, P. R. China
| | - Huiling Tang
- Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huaian, 223003, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Chinese Traditional Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Lijun Xu
- Tibetan Medicine Institute, Tibetan University of Tibetan Medicine, Lhasa, 850007, P. R. China
| | - Feng Feng
- School of Chinese Traditional Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China.,Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huaian, 223003, P. R. China.,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P. R. China
| | - Jian Xu
- School of Chinese Traditional Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China.,Tibetan Medicine Institute, Tibetan University of Tibetan Medicine, Lhasa, 850007, P. R. China
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Gao S, Shan L, Shi Y, Zhao Y, Mu Q, Cui Y, Chai X, Wang Y. Exploration of the variations of amino acids in Massa Medicata Fermentata and their effects on gastrointestinal diseases. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.114309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Zhuang Z, Huang C, Zhang Y, Lv B. Effects of Massa Medicata Fermentata on the intestinal pathogenic flagella bacteria and visceral hypersensitivity in rats with irritable bowel syndrome. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1039804. [PMID: 36505059 PMCID: PMC9730278 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1039804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect of Massa Medicata Fermentata (MMF) on the changes of pathogenic flagellar bacteria and visceral hypersensitivity in rats with diarrhea irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). Methods: Thirty adult SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group (n = 10), model control group (n = 10), and MMF group (n = 10). Acetic acid enema combined with restraint stress was used to build the IBS-D visceral hypersensitivity model; Abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) test was used to assess the visceral sensitivity of rats; 16SrRNA sequencing was used to analyze the changes of intestinal bacteria in each group, and the content of pathogenic flagellated bacteria were quantitatively counted; The content of flagellin in colonic mucosa was detected by ELISA; TLR5 protein in colonic mucosa of rats was detected by Western Blot. Results: After IBS-D modeling, the visceral sensitivity of rats was significantly higher in the model control group than that in the normal control group (p = 0.0061), while it was significantly decreased in MMF group compared with the model control group (p = 0.0217), but without significant difference compared with the normal control group (p = 0.6851). The number of fecal Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in the model group were significantly decreased compared with the normal control group (p < 0.0001); While they were significantly increased in the MMF group compared with the model control group and normal control group (p = 0.009; p < 0.0001). The amount of fecal pathogenic flagellated bacteria in the model group was significantly increased compared with the normal control group (p = 0.001); However it was significantly reduced in MMF group compared with the model group (p = 0.026), which has no statistically difference with the normal control group (p = 0.6486). The content of flagellin in colonic mucosa was significantly increased in the model group when compared with the normal control group (p < 0.0001), and it was decreased in MMF group compared with the normal control group (p < 0.0001), but there was no statistical difference with the normal control group (p = 0.6545). The expression level of TLR5 protein in colonic mucosa of rat was significantly increased in model control group compared with the normal control group (p = 0.0034), However, it was significantly decreased in MMF group compared with normal control group (p = 0.0019), but it was no statistical difference with the normal control group (p = 0.7519). Conclusion: MMF can reduce visceral hypersensitivity by decreasing the content of pathogenic flagellated bacteria and their flagellin and inhibiting its specific receptor TLR5 protein expression in colonic mucosa in IBS-D rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaomeng Zhuang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Affiliated Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wenzhou, China,Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiguang Zhang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Affiliated Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bin Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Bin Lv, ,
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Ru J, Wang X, Zhou Z, Zhao J, Yang J, Du X, Lu X. Fabrication of octahedral GO/UiO-67@PtNPs nanocomposites as an electrochemical sensor for ultrasensitive recognition of arsenic (III) in Chinese Herbal Medicine. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1195:339451. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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