1
|
Meng LS, Wang XL, Wang X, Ji L, Wang LL, Cai YQ, Zhao RS. Hydroxyl-containing triazine-based conjugated microporous polymers for solid phase extraction of fluoroquinolone antibiotics in the environment and food samples. Food Chem 2024; 447:138867. [PMID: 38447237 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are a category of broadly used antibiotics. Development of an effective and sensitive approach for determination of trace FQs in environmental and food samples is still challenging. Herein, the hydroxyl-containing triazine-based conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs-OH) was constructed and served as SPE absorbent for the efficient enrichment of FQs. Based on DFT simulations, the excellent enrichment capacity between CMPs-OH and FQs was contributed by hydrogen bonding and π-π interactions. In combination with high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, the proposed approach exhibited a wide linear range (0.2-400 ng L-1), low detection limits (0.05-0.15 ng L-1), and good intraday and interday precisions under optimal conditions. In addition, the established method was effectively utilized for the determination of FQs in fourteen samples with recoveries between 82.6 % and 109.2 %. This work provided a feasible sample pretreatment method for monitoring FQs in environmental and food matrices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Shu Meng
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xiao-Li Wang
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Lei Ji
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Ecology Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Lei-Lei Wang
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Ecology Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Ya-Qi Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100085 Beijing, China
| | - Ru-Song Zhao
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Jinan 250014, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Khalid M, Fatima N, Arshad M, Adeel M, Braga AAC, Ahamad T. Unveiling the influence of end-capped acceptors modification on photovoltaic properties of non-fullerene fused ring compounds: a DFT/TD-DFT study. RSC Adv 2024; 14:20441-20453. [PMID: 38946775 PMCID: PMC11208900 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra03170a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Herein, unique A-D-A configuration-based molecules (NBD1-NBD7) were designed from the reference compound (NBR) by utilizing the end-capped acceptor modification approach. Various electron-withdrawing units -F, -Cl, -CN, -NO2, -CF3, -HSO3, and -COOCH3, were incorporated into terminals of reference compound to designed NBD1-NBD7, respectively. A theoretical investigation employing the density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) was performed at B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) level. To reveal diverse opto-electronic and photovoltaic properties, the frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), absorption maxima (λ max), density of states (DOS), exciton binding energy (E b), open-circuit voltage (V oc) and transition density matrix (TDM) analyses were executed at the same functional. Moreover, the global reactivity parameters (GRPs) were calculated using the HOMO-LUMO energy gaps from the FMOs. Significant results were obtained for the designed molecules (NBD1-NBD7) as compared to NBR. They showed lesser energy band gaps (2.024-2.157 eV) as compared to the NBR reference (2.147 eV). The tailored molecules also demonstrated bathochromic shifts in the chloroform (671.087-717.164 nm) and gas phases (623.251-653.404 nm) as compared to NBR compound (674.189 and 626.178 nm, respectively). From the photovoltaic perspectives, they showed promising results (2.024-2.157 V). Furthermore, the existence of intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) in the designed compounds was depicted via their DOS and TDM graphical plots. Among all the investigated molecules, NBD4 was disclosed as the excellent candidate for solar cell applications owing to its favorable properties such as the least band gap (2.024 eV), red-shifted λ max in the chloroform (717.164 nm) and gas (653.404 nm) phases as well as the minimal E b (0.126 eV). This is due to the presence of highly electronegative -NO2 unit at the terminal of electron withdrawing acceptor moiety, which leads to increased conjugation and enhanced the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) rate. The obtained insights suggested that the designed molecules could be considered as promising materials for potential applications in the realm of OSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Khalid
- Institute of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan
| | - Noor Fatima
- Institute of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arshad
- Industry Solutions, Northern Alberta Institute of Technology Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Muhammad Adeel
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Gomal University D. I. Khan Pakistan
| | - Ataualpa A C Braga
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748 São Paulo 05508-000 Brazil
| | - Tansir Ahamad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shafiq I, Khalid M, Maria G, Raza N, Braga AAC, Bullo S, Khairy M. Use of benzothiophene ring to improve the photovoltaic efficacy of cyanopyridinone-based organic chromophores: a DFT study. RSC Adv 2024; 14:12841-12852. [PMID: 38645518 PMCID: PMC11027887 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06817j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The benzothiophene based chromophores (A1D1-A1D5) with A-π-A configuration were designed via end-capped tailoring with benzothiophene type acceptors using reference compound (A1R). Quantum chemical calculations were accomplished at M06/6-311G(d,p) level to probe optoelectronic and photophysical properties of designed chromophores. Therefore, frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), binding energy (Eb), open circuit voltage (Voc), transition density matrix (TDM), density of state (DOS) and UV-Vis analyses of A1R and A1D1-A1D5 were accomplished. The designed compounds (A1D1-A1D5) exhibited absorption values in the visible region as 616.316-649.676 nm and 639.753-665.508 nm in gas and chloroform phase, respectively, comparing with reference chromophore. An efficient charge transference from HOMO towards LUMO was found in A1D1-A1D5 chromophores which was further supported by TDM and DOS analyses. Among all chromophores, A1D2 exhibited unique characteristics such as reduced band gap (2.354 eV), higher softness (σ = 0.424 eV), lower exciton binding energy (0.491 eV) and maximum value of open circuit voltage (Voc = 1.981 V). Consequently, A1D2 may be considered as potential candidate for the development of optoelectronic devices. These analyses revealed that the studied compounds exhibited promising findings. They may be utilized in the realm of organic solar cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Shafiq
- Institute of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khalid
- Institute of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan
| | - Gul Maria
- Institute of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan
| | - Nadeem Raza
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Ataualpa A C Braga
- Departamento de Qu'ımica Fundamental, Instituto de Qu'ımica, Universidade de Saõ Paulo Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748 Sao Paulo 05508-000 Brazil
| | - Saifullah Bullo
- Department of Human and Rehabilitation Sciences, Begum Nusrat Bhutto Women University Sukkur Sindh Pakistan
| | - Mohamed Khairy
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) Riyadh Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ali S, Akhter MS, Waqas M, Zubair H, Bhatti HN, Mahal A, Shawky AM, Alkhouri A, Khera RA. End-capped engineering of Quinoxaline core-based non-fullerene acceptor materials with improved power conversion efficiency. J Mol Graph Model 2024; 127:108699. [PMID: 38150839 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2023.108699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Improving the light-harvesting efficiency and boosting open circuit voltage are crucial challenges for enhancing the efficiency of organic solar cells. This work introduces seven new molecules (SA1-SA7) to upgrade the optoelectronic and photovoltaic properties of Q-C-F molecule-based solar cells. All recently designed molecules have the same alkyl-substituted Quinoxaline core and CPDT donor but vary in the end-capped acceptor subunits. All the investigated molecules have revealed superior properties than the model (R) by having absorbance ranging from 681 nm to 782 nm in the gaseous medium while 726 nm-861 nm in chloroform solvent, with the lowest band gap ranging from 1.91 to 2.19 eV SA1 molecule demonstrated the highest λmax (861 nm) in chloroform solvent and the lowest band gap (1.91 eV). SA2 molecule has manifested highest dipole moment (4.5089 D), lower exciton binding energy in gaseous (0.33 eV) and chloroform solvent (0.47 eV), and lower charge mobility of hole (0.0077693) and electron (0.0042470). At the same time, SA7 showed the highest open circuit voltage (1.56 eV) and fill factor (0.9166) due to solid electron-pulling acceptor moieties. From these supportive outcomes, it is inferred that our computationally investigated molecules may be promising candidates to be used in advanced versions of OSCs in the upcoming period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Ali
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Salim Akhter
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bahrain, P. O. Box 32028, Bahrain
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Hira Zubair
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Mahal
- Department of Medical Biochemical Analysis, College of Health Technology, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Ahmed M Shawky
- Science and Technology Unit (STU), Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas Alkhouri
- College of Pharmacy, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Rasheed Ahmad Khera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sagir M, Mushtaq K, Khalid M, Khan M, Tahir MB, Braga AAC. Exploration of linear and third-order nonlinear optical properties for donor-π-linker-acceptor chromophores derived from ATT-2 based non-fullerene molecule. RSC Adv 2023; 13:31855-31872. [PMID: 37920195 PMCID: PMC10618729 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04580c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current study, seven non-fullerene compounds abbreviated as ATTD2-ATTD8 were designed through structural tailoring and their nonlinear optical (NLO) properties were reported. The objective of this study was to explore the potential for newly configured D-π-A type non-fullerene-based compounds. Quantum chemical methods were adopted and revealed the molecules as highly efficient materials with favorable NLO characteristics for use in optoelectronic devices. The M06 functional along with the 6-311G(d,p) basis set in chloroform solvent were utilized for the natural bonding orbital (NBO) analysis, absorption spectra and computational assessments of frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), global reactivity descriptors (GRPs), transition density matrix (TDM) and nonlinear optical properties (NLO) for ATTR1 and ATTD2-ATTD8. The HOMO-LUMO energy gap was significantly reduced in all the designed moieties compared to the reference compound in the following decreasing order: ATTR1 > ATTD8 > ATTD4 > ATTD5 > ATTD2 > ATTD7 > ATTD6 > ATTD3. All of the designed molecules (ATTD2-ATTD8) showed good NLO response. Global reactivity parameters were found to be closely associated with the band gap between the HOMO and LUMO orbitals, and the compound with the smallest energy gap, ATTD3, exhibited a lower hardness value of 1.754 eV and higher softness value of 0.570 eV with outstanding NLO response. For the reference compound and ATTD2-ATTD8 derivatives, attributes like dipole moment (μtot), average polarizability 〈α〉, first hyperpolarizability (βtot), and second hyperpolarizability γtot were calculated. Out of all the derivatives, ATTD3 revealed the highest amplitude with a βtot of 8.23 × 10-27 esu, which was consistent with the reduced band gap (1.754 eV) and suggested it was the best possibility for NLO materials in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sagir
- Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan
| | - Kalsoom Mushtaq
- Institute of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khalid
- Institute of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan
| | - Mashal Khan
- Institute of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal Tahir
- Institute of Physics, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan
| | - Ataualpa A C Braga
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de Saõ Paulo Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748 Sao Paulo 05508-000 Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Shafiq I, Mustafa A, Zahid R, Baby R, Ahmed S, Asghar MA, Ahamad T, Alam M, Braga AAC, Ojha SC. Theoretical Perspective toward Designing of 5-Methylbenzo [1,2- b:3,4- b':6,5- b″] trithiophene-Based Nonlinear Optical Compounds with Extended Acceptors. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:39288-39302. [PMID: 37901567 PMCID: PMC10601083 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
A series of benzotrithiophene-based compounds (DCTM1-DCTM6) having D1-π1-D2-π2-A configuration were designed using a reference molecule (DCTMR) via incorporating pyrrole rings (n = 1-5) as the π-spacer (π2). Quantum chemical calculations were performed to determine the impact of the pyrrole ring on the nonlinear optical (NLO) behavior of the above-mentioned chromophores. The optoelectronic properties of the compounds were determined at the MW1PW91/6-311G(d,p) functional. Among all of the derivatives, DCTM5 exhibited the least highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO-LUMO) band gap (Eg) 0.968 eV with a high softness of 0.562 eV-1, and hence possessed the highest polarizability. Interestingly, transition density matrix (TDM) findings demonstrated that DCTM5 with an effective diagonal charge transmission proportion at the acceptor group supports the frontier molecular orbital (FMO) results. Additionally, the exciton binding energy values for DCTM1-DCTM6 were found to be less than that for DCTMR and thus, the effective charge transfer was examined in the derivatives. All of the derivatives exhibited effective NLO outcomes with the highest magnitude of linear polarizability ⟨α⟩, and first (βtot) and second (γtot) hyperpolarizabilities relative to the parent compound. Nevertheless, the highest βtot and γtot were obtained for DTCM1 and DTCM6, 7.0440 × 10-27 and 22.260 × 10-34 esu, respectively. Hence, through this structural tailoring with a pyrrole spacer, effective NLO materials can be obtained for optoelectronic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Shafiq
- Institute
of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of
Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
- Centre
for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Mustafa
- Institute
of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of
Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
- Centre
for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
| | - Romaisa Zahid
- Institute
of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of
Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
- Centre
for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Baby
- Department
of education, Sukkur IBA university, Sukkur 65200, Pakistan
| | - Sarfraz Ahmed
- Wellman
Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Muhammad Adnan Asghar
- Department
of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Lahore, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
| | - Tansir Ahamad
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud
University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manawwer Alam
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud
University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ataualpa A. C. Braga
- Departamento
de Qu′ımica Fundamental, Instituto de Qu′ımica, Universidade de Saõ Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Suvash Chandra Ojha
- Department
of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital
of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Shafiq I, Khalid M, Asghar MA, Baby R, Braga AAC, Alshehri SM, Ahmed S. Influence of azacycle donor moieties on the photovoltaic properties of benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole based organic systems: a DFT study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14630. [PMID: 37670033 PMCID: PMC10480204 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41679-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fullerene free organic chromophores are widely utilized to improve the efficacy of photovoltaic materials. Herein, we designed D-π-A-π-D form chromophores (TAZD1-TAZD5) via end-capped redistribution of donor moieties by keeping the same π-bridge and central acceptor unit for organic solar cells (OSCs). To analyze the photovoltaic characteristics of these derivatives, DFT estimations were accomplished at B3LYP/6-311 G (d,p) functional. Different investigations like frontier molecular orbital (FMO), absorption spectra (UV-Vis), density of states (DOS), binding energy (Eb), open circuit voltage (Voc), and transition density matrix (TDMs) were performed to examine the optical, photophysical and electronic characteristics of afore-mentioned chromophores. A suitable band gap (∆E = 2.723-2.659 eV) with larger bathochromic shift (λmax = 554.218-543.261 nm in acetonitrile) was seen in TAZD1-TAZD5. An effective charge transference from donor to acceptor via spacer was observed by FMO analysis which further supported by DOS and TDM. Further, lower binding energy values also supported the higher exciton dissociation and greater CT in TAZD1-TAZD5. Among all the designed chromophores, TAZD5 exhibited the narrowest Egap (2.659 eV) and maximum red-shifted absorption in solvent as well as gas phase i.e. 554.218 nm and 533.219 nm, respectively which perhaps as a result of the phenothiazine-based donor group (MPT). In a nutshell, all the tailored chromophores can be considered as efficient compounds for promising OSCs with a good Voc response, interestingly, TAZD5 is found to be excellent chromophores as compared to all these designed compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Shafiq
- Institute of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200, Pakistan
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khalid
- Institute of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200, Pakistan.
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Adnan Asghar
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Baby
- Department of Education, Sukkur IBA University, Sukkur, 65200, Pakistan
| | - Ataualpa A C Braga
- Departamento de Qu´ımica Fundamental, Instituto de Qu´ımica, Universidade de Sao˜ Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, Sao Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Saad M Alshehri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarfraz Ahmed
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Alharthy RD, Urooj I, Tasleem M, Khalid M, Asghar MA, Khan SI, Ajmal M, Ahmed N, Shafiq Z. Synthesis of novel 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic hydrazones as selective chemosensors for cyanide ions. RSC Adv 2023; 13:15208-15221. [PMID: 37213331 PMCID: PMC10193203 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00788j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of an effective and selective chemosensor for CN- ions has become the need of the hour due to their hazardous impact on the environment and humans. Herein, we report the synthesis of two novel chemosensors, IF-1 and IF-2 based on 3-hydroxy-2-naphthohydrazide and aldehyde derivatives that have shown selective sensing of CN- ions. IF-2 exhibited exclusive binding with CN- ions that is further confirmed by the binding constant value of 4.77 × 104 M-1 with a low detection limit (8.2 μM). The chemosensory potential is attributed to deprotonation of the labile Schiff base center by CN- ions that results in a color change from colorless to yellow as visible by the naked eye. Accompanying this, a DFT study was also performed in order to find the interaction between the sensor (IF-1) and its ions (F-). A notable charge transfer from 3-hydroxy-2-naphthamide to 2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-methylphenol, was indicated by the FMO analysis. The QTAIM analysis revealed that in the complex compound, the strongest pure hydrogen-hydrogen bonding was observed between H53 and H58, indicated by a ρ value of +0.017807. Due to its selective response, IF-2 can be successfully used for making test strips for the detection of CN- ions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rima D Alharthy
- Department of Chemistry, Science & Arts College, King Abdulaziz University Rabigh Branch Rabigh 21911 Saudi Arabia
| | - Ifra Urooj
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University 60800 Multan Pakistan
| | - Mussarat Tasleem
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University 60800 Multan Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khalid
- Institute of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adnan Asghar
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Lahore Pakistan
| | - Shaista Ijaz Khan
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University 60800 Multan Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ajmal
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University 60800 Multan Pakistan
| | - Nadeem Ahmed
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University 60800 Multan Pakistan
| | - Zahid Shafiq
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University 60800 Multan Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Arshad MN, Shafiq I, Khalid M, Asad M, Asiri AM, Alotaibi MM, Braga AAC, Khan A, Alamry KA. Enhancing the Photovoltaic Properties via Incorporation of Selenophene Units in Organic Chromophores with A 2-π 2-A 1-π 1-A 2 Configuration: A DFT-Based Exploration. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15061508. [PMID: 36987288 PMCID: PMC10051165 DOI: 10.3390/polym15061508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, polymer organic solar cells (POSCs) are widely utilized due to their significant application, such as low-cost power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). Therefore, we designed a series of photovoltaic materials (D1, D2, D3, D5 and D7) by the incorporation of selenophene units (n = 1-7) as π1-spacers by considering the importance of POSCs. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were accomplished at MPW1PW91/6-311G (d, p) functional to explore the impact of additional selenophene units on the photovoltaic behavior of the above-mentioned compounds. A comparative analysis was conducted for designed compounds and reference compounds (D1). Reduction in energy gaps (∆E = 2.399 - 2.064 eV) with broader absorption wavelength (λmax = 655.480 - 728.376 nm) in chloroform along with larger charge transference rate was studied with the addition of selenophene units as compared to D1. A significantly higher exciton dissociation rate was studied as lower values of binding energy (Eb = 0.508 - 0.362 eV) were noted in derivatives than in the reference (Eb = 0.526 eV). Moreover, transition density matrix (TDM) and density of state (DOS) data also supported the efficient charge transition origination from HOMOs to LUMOs. Open circuit voltage (Voc) was also calculated for all the aforesaid compounds to check the efficiency, and significant results were seen (1.633-1.549 V). All the analyses supported our compounds as efficient POSCs materials with significant efficacy. These compounds might encourage the experimental researchers to synthesize them due to proficient photovoltaic materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nadeem Arshad
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Material Research (CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iqra Shafiq
- Institute of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khalid
- Institute of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Asad
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Material Research (CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M Asiri
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Material Research (CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha M Alotaibi
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ataualpa A C Braga
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Anish Khan
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Material Research (CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid A Alamry
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Haroon M, Akhtar T, Khalid M, Mehmood H, Asghar MA, Baby R, Orfali R, Perveen S. Synthesis, characterization and exploration of photovoltaic behavior of hydrazide based scaffolds: a concise experimental and DFT study. RSC Adv 2023; 13:7237-7249. [PMID: 36891493 PMCID: PMC9986803 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00431g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Solar energy being a non-depleting energy resource, has attracted scientists' attention to develop efficient solar cells to meet energy demands. Herein, a series of hydrazinylthiazole-4-carbohydrazide organic photovoltaic compounds (BDTC1-BDTC7) with an A1-D1-A2-D2 framework was synthesized with 48-62% yields, and their spectroscopic characterization was accomplished using FT-IR, HRMS, 1H and 13C-NMR techniques. Density functional theory (DFT) and time dependent DFT analyses were performed utilizing the M06/6-31G(d,p) functional to calculate the photovoltaic and optoelectronic properties of BDTC1-BDTC7via numerous simulations of the frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), transition density matrix (TDM), open circuit voltage (V oc) and density of states (DOS). Moreover, the conducted analysis on the FMOs revealed efficient transference of charge from the highest occupied to the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (HOMO → LUMO), further supported by TDM and DOS analyses. Furthermore, the values of binding energy (E b = 0.295 to 1.150 eV), as well as reorganization energy of the holes (-0.038-0.025 eV) and electrons (-0.023-0.00 eV), were found to be smaller for all the studied compounds, which suggests a higher exciton dissociation rate with greater hole mobility in BDTC1-BDTC7. V oc analysis was accomplished with respect to HOMOPBDB-T-LUMOACCEPTOR. Among all the synthesized molecules, BDTC7 was found to have a reduced band gap (3.583 eV), with a bathochromic shift and absorption maximum at 448.990 nm, and a promising V oc (1.97 V), thus it is regarded as a potential candidate for high performance photovoltaic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Haroon
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST) 10250-Mirpur AJK Pakistan .,Department of Chemistry, Government Major Muhammad Afzal Khan (Shaheed), Boys Degree College Afzalpur, Mirpur (Affiliated with Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST)) 10250-Mirpur AJK Pakistan
| | - Tashfeen Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST) 10250-Mirpur AJK Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khalid
- Institute of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan .,Center for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan
| | - Hasnain Mehmood
- Department of Chemistry, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST) 10250-Mirpur AJK Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adnan Asghar
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Lahore Pakistan
| | - Rabia Baby
- Department of Education, Sukkur IBA University 65200 Pakistan
| | - Raha Orfali
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Collage of Pharmacy, King Saud University PO Box 2457 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Shagufta Perveen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Computer, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Morgan State University Baltimore MD 21251 USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Khalid M, Shafiq I, Umm-e-Hani, Mahmood K, Hussain R, ur Rehman MF, Assiri MA, Imran M, Akram MS. Effect of different end-capped donor moieties on non-fullerenes based non-covalently fused-ring derivatives for achieving high-performance NLO properties. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1395. [PMID: 36697427 PMCID: PMC9876985 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28118-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of derivatives (DOCD2-DOCD6) with D-π-A configuration was designed by substituting various efficient donor moieties via the structural tailoring of o-DOC6-2F. Quantum-chemical approaches were used to analyze the optoelectronic properties of the designed chromophores. Particularly, M06/6-311G(d,p) functional was employed to investigate the non-linear optical (NLO) response (linear polarizability ⟨α⟩, first (βtot) and second ([Formula: see text]tot) order hyperpolarizabilities) of the designed derivatives. A variety of analyses such as frontier molecular orbital (FMO), absorption spectra, transition density matrix (TDMs), density of states (DOS), natural bond orbital (NBO) and global reactivity parameters (GRPs) were employed to explore the optoelectronic response of aforementioned chromophores. FMO investigation revealed that DOCD2 showed the least energy gap (1.657 eV) among all the compounds with an excellent transference of charge towards the acceptor from the donor. Further, DOS pictographs and TDMs heat maps also supported FMO results, corroborating the presence of charge separation states along with efficient charge transitions. NBO analysis showed that π-linker and donors possessed positive charges while acceptors retained negative charges confirming the D-π-A architecture of the studied compounds. The λmax values of designed chromophores (659.070-717.875 nm) were found to have broader spectra. The GRPs were also examined utilizing energy band gaps of EHOMO and ELUMO for the entitled compounds. Among all the derivatives, DOCD2 showed the highest values of βtot (7.184 × 10-27 esu) and [Formula: see text]tot (1.676 × 10-31 esu), in coherence with the reduced band gap (1.657 eV), indicating future potentiality for NLO materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Khalid
- grid.510450.5Institute of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200 Pakistan ,grid.510450.5Centre for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200 Pakistan
| | - Iqra Shafiq
- grid.510450.5Institute of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200 Pakistan ,grid.510450.5Centre for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200 Pakistan
| | - Umm-e-Hani
- grid.510450.5Institute of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200 Pakistan ,grid.510450.5Centre for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200 Pakistan
| | - Khalid Mahmood
- grid.411501.00000 0001 0228 333XInstitute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800 Pakistan
| | - Riaz Hussain
- grid.440554.40000 0004 0609 0414Division of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Mohammed A. Assiri
- grid.412144.60000 0004 1790 7100Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413 Saudi Arabia ,grid.412144.60000 0004 1790 7100Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P. O. Box 9004, Abha, 61514 Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Imran
- grid.412144.60000 0004 1790 7100Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413 Saudi Arabia ,grid.412144.60000 0004 1790 7100Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P. O. Box 9004, Abha, 61514 Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Safwan Akram
- grid.26597.3f0000 0001 2325 1783National Horizons Centre, Teesside University, Darlington, DL11HG UK ,grid.26597.3f0000 0001 2325 1783School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, TS1 3BX UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Detection of hydroxymethanesulfonate (HMS) by transition metal-anchored fullerene nanoclusters. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-022-02707-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
13
|
Nasidi I, Kaygili O, Majid A, Bulut N, Alkhedher M, ElDin SM. Halogen Doping to Control the Band Gap of Ascorbic Acid: A Theoretical Study. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:44390-44397. [PMID: 36506119 PMCID: PMC9730502 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbic acid is an important antioxidant agent that acts as an electron donor and is involved in many physiological processes. Structural modification in ascorbic acid is a subject of extensive biochemical research due to its involvement in a variety of relevant phenomena including electron transport, complex redox reactions, neurochemical reactions, enzymatic reactions, and chemotherapeutic potential. In this work, the structure of ascorbic acid is modified via doping with the first three members of the halogen group to investigate the changes in the electronic structure and spectroscopic parameters using first-principles methods. To obtain the lowest-energy structures, different basis sets in density functional theory (DFT) and Hartree-Fock approaches were employed in the geometry optimization process. The potential energy maps of the structures were computed to study the molecular orientations and their optical and electrical properties. The spectroscopic properties were computed via UV-vis and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies to study the effects of doping into the compound. To obtain further insights into the chemical structure, the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra of the materials were theoretically investigated. It was found that the band gap is sensitive to doping as we moved from fluorine to chlorine and then to bromine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim
Isah Nasidi
- Department
of Physics, Faculty of Science, Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey
| | - Omer Kaygili
- Department
of Physics, Faculty of Science, Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey
| | - Abdul Majid
- Department
of Physics, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan
| | - Niyazi Bulut
- Department
of Physics, Faculty of Science, Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey
| | - Mohammad Alkhedher
- Mechanical
and Industrial Engineering Department, Abu
Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi 111188, United
Arab Emirates
| | - Sayed M. ElDin
- Center
of Research, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
First theoretical framework for highly efficient photovoltaic parameters by structural modification with benzothiophene-incorporated acceptors in dithiophene based chromophores. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20148. [DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24087-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractNow a days, researchers are constantly doing efforts to upgrade the performance of solar based devices with the aim of increasing the role of photovoltaic materials in modern hi-tech optoelectronic applications. Realizing the recent energy conditions across the globe, research is diverted from fullerene to non-fullerene electron acceptor moieties in this era, considering their remarkable contribution in organic solar cells (OSCs). Therefore, we designed seven novel non-fullerene fused ring electron acceptor chromophores (MD2–MD8) from DOC2C6-2F by structural tailoring with different acceptors at end-capped units. DFT study was performed at B3LYP functional to discover the opto-electronic characteristics of the newly tailored chromophores. Various analysis such as frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), transition density matrix (TDM), density of states (DOS), binding energy (Eb), reorganization energy, open circuit voltage (Voc) was carried out to comprehend the photovoltaic response of MD2–MD8. Decrease in band gaps (1.940–1.571 eV) with wider absorption spectrum (725.690–939.844 nm in chloroform) along with greater charge transfer rate from HOMO towards LUMO were examined in derivatives as compared to MR1 (Egap = 1.976 eV, λmax = 738.221 nm) except MD7. Further, in all derivatives, smaller values of Eb (0.252–0.279 eV) were examined than that of reference (0.296 eV). These lower binding energy values of MD2–MD8 indicated the higher rate of excitation dissociation with lager charger transfer rate than MR1, which further supported by DOS and TDM analyses. Additionally, least reorganization energy in the aforesaid compounds for hole with electron was also inspected. Moreover, Voc a good photovoltaic response was noted for all studied compounds which indicated that these compounds are suitable to synthesize OSCs in future.
Collapse
|
15
|
Khalid M, Naz S, Mahmood K, Hussain S, Carmo Braga AA, Hussain R, Ragab AH, Al-Mhyawi SR. First theoretical probe for efficient enhancement of optical nonlinearity via structural modifications into phenylene based D-π-A configured molecules. RSC Adv 2022; 12:31192-31204. [PMID: 36349029 PMCID: PMC9623554 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04844b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The design of nonlinear optical (NLO) materials using conjugated molecules via different techniques is reported in the literature to boost the use of these systems in NLO. Therefore, in the current study, designed phenylene based non-fullerene organic compounds with a D-π-A framework were selected for NLO investigation. The initial compound (PMD-1) was taken as a reference and its seven derivatives (PMDC2-PMDC8) were made by introducing different acceptor moieties into the chemical structure of PMD-1. To explain the NLO findings, frontier molecular orbital (FMO), transition density matrix (TDM), density of states (DOS), natural bond orbital (NBO) and UV-Vis study of the title compounds was executed by applying the PBE1PBE functional with the 6-311G(d,p) basis set. The descending order of band gaps (E gap) was reported as PMDC7 (2.656) > PMDC8 (2.485) > PMD-1 (2.131) > PMDC3 (2.103) > PMDC2 (2.079) > PMDC4 (2.065) > PMDC5 (2.059) > PMDC6 (2.004), in eV. Global reactivity parameters (GRPs) were associated with E gap values as PMDC6 with the lowest band gap showed less hardness (0.0368 E h) and high softness (13.5785 E h). The UV-Vis investigation revealed that the maximum λ max (739.542 nm) was exhibited by PMDC6 in dichloromethane (DCM) as compared to other derivatives. Additionally, natural bond orbital (NBO) based findings revealed that PMDC6 exhibited the highest stability value (34.98 kcal mol-1) because of prolonged hyper-conjugation. The dipole moment (μ), average linear polarizability 〈α〉, first hyperpolarizability (β tot) and second hyperpolarizability (γ tot) were evaluated for the reference and its derivatives. Consequently, among the designed compounds, the highest β tot (4.469 × 10-27 esu) and γ tot (5.600 × 10-32 esu) values were shown by PMDC6. Hence, it's concluded from said results that these structural modifications proved PMDC6 as the best second and third order NLO candidate for various applications like fiber optics, signal processing and data storage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Khalid
- Institute of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan
| | - Salma Naz
- Institute of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan
| | - Khalid Mahmood
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800 Pakistan
| | - Shabbir Hussain
- Institute of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan
| | - Ataualpa Albert Carmo Braga
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748 São Paulo 05508-000 Brazil
| | - Riaz Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Lahore Pakistan
| | - Ahmed H Ragab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University Abha 62224 Saudi Arabia
| | - Saedah R Al-Mhyawi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah Jeddah 21419 Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abu-Rayyan A, Al Jahdaly BA, AlSalem HS, Alhadhrami NA, Hajri AK, Bukhari AAH, Waly MM, Salem AM. A Study of the Synthesis and Characterization of New Acrylamide Derivatives for Use as Corrosion Inhibitors in Nitric Acid Solutions of Copper. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3685. [PMID: 36296875 PMCID: PMC9611118 DOI: 10.3390/nano12203685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this research was to explore the impact of corrosion inhibition of some synthetic acrylamide derivatives 2-cyano-N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)acrylamide (ACR-2) and 2-cyano-N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylacrylamide (ACR-3) on copper in 1.0 M nitric acid solution using chemical and electrochemical methods, including mass loss as a chemical method and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization (PP) as electrochemical methods. By Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1HNMR), and mass spectroscopy (MS) methods, the two compounds were verified and characterized. There is evidence that both compounds were effective corrosion inhibitors for copper in 1.0 M nitric acid (HNO3) solutions, as indicated by the PP curves, which show that these compounds may be considered mixed-type inhibitors. With the two compounds added, the value of the double-layer capacitance was reduced. In the case of 20 × 10-5 M, they reached maximum efficiencies of 84.5% and 86.1%, respectively. Having studied its behavior during adsorption on copper, it was concluded that it follows chemical adsorption and Langmuir isotherm. The theoretical computations and the experimental findings were compared using density functional theory (DFT) and Monte Carlo simulations (MC).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abu-Rayyan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Arts & Science, Applied Science Private University, P.O. Box 166, Amman 11931, Jordan
| | - Badreah Ali Al Jahdaly
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 24230, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda S. AlSalem
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nahlah A. Alhadhrami
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, P.O. Box 30002, Medina 42353, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amira K. Hajri
- Department of Chemistry, University College Alwajh, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71421, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohamed M. Waly
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, New Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Aya M. Salem
- Department of Basic Science, Higher Institute of Electronic Engineering (HIEE), Belbis 11621, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Khalid M, Anwer W, Adeel M, Shafiq Z, Braga AAC, Assiri MA, Imran M, Ullah A. Exploration of the interesting photovoltaic behavior of the fused benzothiophene dioxide moiety as a core donor with modification in acceptors for high-efficacy organic solar cells. RSC Adv 2022; 12:29010-29021. [PMID: 36320741 PMCID: PMC9552528 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04473k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-fullerene-based chromophores with end-capped acceptor modification used in organic solar cells (OSCs) have proven to offer improved performance. Therefore, eight unique benzothiophene-based molecules (D2-D9) were designed by the end-capped acceptor manipulation of a reference molecule (R1). Density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations at the B3LYP level were performed to investigate various parameters such as the optical properties, frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), transition density matrix (TDM), binding energy, density of states (DOS), open-circuit voltage (V oc), and reorganization energies of electrons (λ e) and holes (λ h), to better understand the optoelectronic properties of the newly designed compounds. All the derivatives had broader absorption spectra of 737.562-700.555 nm with a reduced energy gap of 2.132-1.851 eV compared to those of the reference (719.082 nm), except for D8 and D9. A comparable value of V oc and lower reorganization energies were found in the derivatives compared to those of R1. Within the studied compounds, D3 was predicted to be a good optoelectronic material for environmentally friendly organic solar cells (EFOSCs) because of its superior optoelectronic capabilities, low-energy band gap (1.851 eV), highest λ max values of 794.516 and 744.784 nm in chloroform and the gas phase, respectively, and lowest transition energy (1.561 eV) than those of the reference and the other derivatives. Subsequently, end-capped acceptor modification was proven to be an effective method to achieve desired optoelectronic characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Khalid
- Institute of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information TechnologyRahim Yar Khan64200Pakistan,Centre for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information TechnologyRahim Yar Khan64200Pakistan
| | - Wajeeha Anwer
- Institute of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information TechnologyRahim Yar Khan64200Pakistan,Centre for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information TechnologyRahim Yar Khan64200Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adeel
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Gomal UniversityDera Ismail KhanKhyber Pukhtoon KhwaPakistan
| | - Zahid Shafiq
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan 60800Pakistan
| | - Ataualpa A. C. Braga
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São PauloAv. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748São Paulo05508-000Brazil
| | - Mohammed A. Assiri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid UniversityP. O. Box 9004Abha 61413Saudi Arabia,Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid UniversityP. O. Box 9004Abha 61514Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid UniversityP. O. Box 9004Abha 61413Saudi Arabia,Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid UniversityP. O. Box 9004Abha 61514Saudi Arabia
| | - Aman Ullah
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mohammed Musthafa T, Snigdha K, Asiri AM, Sobahi TR, Asad M. Green synthesis of Chromonyl Chalcone and Pyrazoline as Potential Antimicrobial Agents - DFT, Molecular Docking and Antimicrobial Studies. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
|
19
|
Khalid M, Zafar M, Hussain S, Asghar MA, Khera RA, Imran M, Abookleesh FL, Akram MY, Ullah A. Influence of End-Capped Modifications in the Nonlinear Optical Amplitude of Nonfullerene-Based Chromophores with a D-π-A Architecture: A DFT/TDDFT Study. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:23532-23548. [PMID: 35847337 PMCID: PMC9281312 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nonlinear optical (NLO) materials have several uses in many fields such as solid physics, biology, medicine, nuclear physics, and material research. Therefore, a series of nonfullerene-based derivatives (CC10D1-CC10D8) with a D-π-A configuration was planned for the NLO investigation using CC10R as the reference molecule with structural alternations at acceptor moieties. Natural bonding orbital (NBO), UV-vis spectra, frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), global reactivity parameters (GRPs), transition density matrix (TDM), and density of states (DOS) were analyzed using the M06/6-311G(d,p) functional in chloroform solvent to understand the NLO responses of CC10R and CC10D1-CC10D8. The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO)-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) band gaps of CC10D1-CC10D6 were illustrated to be lower than that of CC10R, with the larger bathochromic shift (726.408-782.674 nm) resulting in a significant NLO response. Along with the band gap, the FMO method also identified an efficient interfacial charge transfer from D to A moieties via a π-bridge, which was further supported by the DOS and TDM map. Moreover, NBO calculations demonstrated that extended hyperconjugation and strong internal molecular interactions were important in their stabilization. The dipole moment (μ), linear polarizability ⟨α⟩, hyperpolarizability (βtotal), and second-order hyperpolarizability (γtotal.) were studied for CC10R and CC10D1-CC10D8. Among all of the derivatives, CC10D2 was proven to be the most appropriate candidate because of its suitable NLO behavior such as being well-supported by a reduced band gap (2.093 eV) and having a suitable maximum absorption wavelength (782.674 nm). Therefore, CC10D2 was reported to have a greater value of first hyperpolarizability (208 659.330 a.u.) compared with other derivatives and CC10R. For the second hyperpolarizability, a greater value was obtained for CC10R (5.855 × 107 a.u.), and its derivatives showed results comparable to that of the parent chromophore for γtotal. This theoretical framework reveals that structural customization with different acceptor units plays a significant role in obtaining attractive NLO materials for optoelectronic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Khalid
- Research
Center for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
- Institute
of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of
Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Zafar
- Research
Center for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
- Institute
of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of
Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
| | - Shabbir Hussain
- Research
Center for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
- Institute
of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of
Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adnan Asghar
- Department
of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
| | - Rasheed Ahmad Khera
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid
University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Frage Lhadi Abookleesh
- Department
of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Agricultural,
Life and Environmental Sciences, University
of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Muhammad Yasir Akram
- Research
Center for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
- Institute
of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of
Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
| | - Aman Ullah
- Department
of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Agricultural,
Life and Environmental Sciences, University
of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Khalid M, Arshad MN, Murtaza S, Shafiq I, Haroon M, Asiri AM, Figueirêdo de AlcântaraMorais S, Braga AAC. Enriching NLO efficacy via designing non-fullerene molecules with the modification of acceptor moieties into ICIF2F: an emerging theoretical approach. RSC Adv 2022; 12:13412-13427. [PMID: 35520135 PMCID: PMC9066771 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01127a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-fullerene (NF)-based compounds have attracted much attention as compared to fullerene-based materials because of their promising optoelectronic properties, lower synthetic cost and greater stability. Usually, the end-capped groups have a promising impact in magnifying the nonlinear optical (NLO) characteristics in the non-fullerene molecules. Based on this, a series of new NLO active non-fullerene molecules (NFAD2-NFAD6) have been established. The non-fullerene molecules (NFAD2-NFAD6) were designed by end-capped modification in acceptor moieties of the reference (NFAR1), while donor and π-bridge moieties were kept the same in the entire series. Quantum chemistry-based calculations at the M06/6-311G(d,p) level were done to determine the NLO characteristics and for other supportive analyses. The acceptor and donor moieties were utilized at the opposite terminals of NFAD2-NFAD6, which proved to be an effective approach in tuning the FMO band gap. Overall the results of natural bond orbital (NBO), density of state (DOS) and transition density matrices (TDMs) analyses supported the NLO properties of the designed compounds. Among all the studied compounds, NFAD4 was proven to be the most suitable candidate due to its promising NLO properties, well supported by a lower bandgap of 1.519 eV and a maximum absorption wavelength of 999.550 nm. Therefore, NFAD4 was reported with greater amplitude of dipole polarizability (10.429 e.s.u), average polarizability (2.953 × 10-22 e.s.u), first hyperpolarizability (13.16 × 10-27 e.s.u.) and second hyperpolarizability (2.150 × 10-31 e.s.u.) than other derivatives and NFAR1. Subsequently, the present study depicted the significance of utilizing different non-fullerene (NF)-based acceptor moieties to achieve the promising NLO material. This computational study may lead towards new plausible pathways for researchers to design potent NLO substances for impending hi-tech applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Khalid
- Department of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Arshad
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 P.O. Box 80203 Saudi Arabia.,Center of Excellence for Advanced Material Research (CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 P.O. Box 80203 Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahzad Murtaza
- Department of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan
| | - Iqra Shafiq
- Department of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan 64200 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Haroon
- Department of Chemistry, Government Major Muhammad Afzal Khan (Shaheed), Boys Degree College Afzalpur, Mirpur, (Affiliated with Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST) 10250-Mirpur AJK Pakistan
| | - Abdullah M Asiri
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 P.O. Box 80203 Saudi Arabia.,Center of Excellence for Advanced Material Research (CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 P.O. Box 80203 Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara Figueirêdo de AlcântaraMorais
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo 05508-000 Brazil
| | - Ataualpa A C Braga
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo 05508-000 Brazil
| |
Collapse
|