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Priyadarshini P, Panda SP, Parida A, Naik R. Microwave assisted synthesis of ZnIn 2S 4 nanoparticles: effect of power variation for photoresponse and optoelectronic applications. Dalton Trans 2024. [PMID: 39157910 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01724b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
The ternary ZnIn2S4 has recently gained significant attention due to its potential applications in various optoelectronics and photocatalysis sectors. In the current study, ZnIn2S4 nanoparticles were prepared using a simple microwave-assisted synthesis method with different irradiation powers varying from 180 W-720 W. Structural analysis confirmed their polycrystalline nature with the appearance of ZnIn2S4 and In2S3 phases. The variation in diffraction pattern intensity and Raman vibrational bands with irradiation power indicates structural rearrangements induced with power variation. Morphological studies confirmed the formation of agglomerate nanoparticles with size variation as induced by different microwave powers. Broad absorption across the visible and near-infrared regions and the increased band gap enhance their photocatalytic and sensing applications. An increased irradiation power in the ZnIn2S4 lattice reduced intermediate levels within the band gap, altering the optical responsiveness. The blue shift in absorption edges with microwave power increased the optical band gap by reducing disorder and defects. The refractive indices were estimated using different theoretical models and reduced with an increase in the band gap. Thermal analysis revealed endothermic peaks. These ZnIn2S4 nanoparticles displayed an enhanced photocurrent under white light, increasing tenfold with microwave power. The greater powered ZIS (ZIS-720 W) nanomaterial showed the best photoresponse and is well suited for optoelectronic application. All of their optical and electrical properties make them suitable for various optoelectronic devices, particularly in detection applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Swasti Padma Panda
- Department of Chemistry, School of Applied Science, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751024, India
| | - Abinash Parida
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Indian Oil Odisha Campus, Bhubaneswar, 751013, India.
| | - Ramakanta Naik
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Indian Oil Odisha Campus, Bhubaneswar, 751013, India.
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Vale M, Barrocas BT, Serôdio RMN, Oliveira MC, Lopes JM, Marques AC. Robust Photocatalytic MICROSCAFS ® with Interconnected Macropores for Sustainable Solar-Driven Water Purification. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5958. [PMID: 38892146 PMCID: PMC11172857 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Advanced oxidation processes, including photocatalysis, have been proven effective at organic dye degradation. Tailored porous materials with regulated pore size, shape, and morphology offer a sustainable solution to the water pollution problem by acting as support materials to grafted photocatalytic nanoparticles (NPs). This research investigated the influence of pore and particle sizes of photocatalytic MICROSCAFS® on the degradation of methyl orange (MO) in aqueous solution (10 mg/L). Photocatalytic MICROSCAFS® are made of binder-less supported P25 TiO2 NPs within MICROSCAFS®, which are silica-titania microspheres with a controlled size and interconnected macroporosity, synthesized by an adapted sol-gel method that involves a polymerization-induced phase separation process. Photocatalytic experiments were performed both in batch and flow reactors, with this latter one targeting a proof of concept for continuous transformation processes and real-life conditions. Photocatalytic degradation of 87% in 2 h (batch) was achieved, using a calibrated solar light simulator (1 sun) and a photocatalyst/pollutant mass ratio of 23. This study introduces a novel flow kinetic model which provides the modeling and simulation of the photocatalytic MICROSCAFS® performance. A scavenger study was performed, enabling an in-depth mechanistic understanding. Finally, the transformation products resulting from the MO photocatalytic degradation were elucidated by high-resolution mass spectrometry experiments and subjected to an in silico toxicity assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mário Vale
- Centro de Recursos Naturais e Ambiente (CERENA), Chemical Engineering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.V.); (B.T.B.); (R.M.N.S.)
| | - Beatriz T. Barrocas
- Centro de Recursos Naturais e Ambiente (CERENA), Chemical Engineering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.V.); (B.T.B.); (R.M.N.S.)
| | - Rita M. N. Serôdio
- Centro de Recursos Naturais e Ambiente (CERENA), Chemical Engineering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.V.); (B.T.B.); (R.M.N.S.)
- Centro de Desenvolvimento de Produto e Transferência de Tecnologia (CDP2T), Escola Superior de Tecnologia de Setúbal, Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal, 2910-761 Setúbal, Portugal
- Centro de Física e Engenharia de Materiais Avançados (CeFEMA), Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M. Conceição Oliveira
- Centro de Química Estrutural (CQE), Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.C.O.); (J.M.L.)
| | - José M. Lopes
- Centro de Química Estrutural (CQE), Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.C.O.); (J.M.L.)
| | - Ana C. Marques
- Centro de Recursos Naturais e Ambiente (CERENA), Chemical Engineering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.V.); (B.T.B.); (R.M.N.S.)
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Ashraf W, Parvez SH, Khanuja M. Synthesis of highly efficient novel two-step spatial 2D photocatalyst material WS 2/ZnIn 2S 4 for degradation/reduction of various toxic pollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 236:116715. [PMID: 37481055 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we report the synthesis, characterization of novel biofriendly 2D/2D heterostructure WS2/ZnIn2S4 material in which 2D WS2 nanosheets are uniformly distributed spatially onto the spherically arranged 2D leaves of ZnIn2S4. We then studied the in-depth photocatalytic degradation activity of this novel nanocomposite and its pristine component materials on cationic dye: malachite green, anionic dye: congo red and reduction of heavy metal: chromium(VI) and the degradation efficiency of composite material was also tested on rhodamine-B, methylene blue, methyl orange dyes and acetaminophen/paracetamol drug. Form factor, structure factor and shape factor analysis has been carried out using X-ray diffractometry (XRD). Bond vibrations, functional groups and phonon vibration mode analysis has been done based on Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Morphological and compositional analysis has been done using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). Surface area and pore size/distribution was characterized using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method and Barrett-Joyner-Halenda Model. Degradation pathways and intermediate products are proposed using the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Photocatalytic activity of the nanocomposite WS2/ZnIn2S4 is compared with pristine ZnIn2S4 and pristine WS2, which shows more than 50% enhancement in both efficiency and rate of degradation/reduction for all the pollutants. A scavenger study was carried out to get insight of primary and secondary reactive oxygen species (ROS) taking part in degradation. Exciton lifetime, surface charge and stability, and flat band positions were studied based on time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) also known as time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL), zeta potential, and Mott-Schottky respectively. Rate kinetics study was performed to analyze the physical and chemical behaviour of the nanocomposite with pollutants in consideration. Results show ∼100%, ∼90%, and ∼95% degradation efficiency by the heterostructure for malachite green (MG), congo red (CR), and reduction of heavy metal chromium (Cr(VI)) respectively within 5 min, which is a huge improvement as compared to pristine WS2 and pristine ZnIn2S4, both of which show the efficiencies of only ∼25% to∼75% in all the cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Ashraf
- Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India.
| | - Syed Hasan Parvez
- Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Manika Khanuja
- Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India.
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Pham VN, Lee S, Hoang DT, Baik J, Kim HS, Lee H. Enhancement of Sulfur Source-Dependent Zn Vacancies in Different Photocatalytic Performances of ZnIn 2S 4 Nanoparticles. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:12913-12919. [PMID: 37530612 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on the synthesis and investigation of ZnIn2S4 nanoparticle (NP) photocatalysts treated with different sulfur sources, thioacetamide (TAA), or thiourea (TU), to explore their wavelength-dependent photocatalytic activity. The research aims to understand the impact of Zn vacancies present on the surface of ZnIn2S4 NPs. The investigation involves electron spin resonance and in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to study the photocatalytic activity of ZnIn2S4-TU and ZnIn2S4-TAA NPs, following the characterization of surface morphology and electronic properties using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Additionally, the study delves into the wavelength-dependent photocatalytic degradation (PCD) activity of the ZnIn2S4 NPs using 2,5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) across a wide range. Notably, the selective oxidation of HMF using ZnIn2S4-TU NPs resulted in the formation of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) via 2,5-diformylfuran, with an efficiency exceeding 40% over the broad wavelength range. The research demonstrates that the irradiation wavelength for PCD is influenced by the number of defect structures introduced into the ZnIn2S4 NPs through the sulfur source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vy Ngoc Pham
- Department of Chemistry, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangyeob Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Dung Thanh Hoang
- Department of Chemistry, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyoon Baik
- Beamline Research Division, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (PAL), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Sung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Hangil Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
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Ravichandran J, Singh S. A review on potential sulfide-based ternary chalcogenides for emerging photo-assisted water purification applications. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:69751-69773. [PMID: 37156955 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27113-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Sulfide-based ternary chalcogenides have been recognized widely as exceptional photocatalysts, thanks to their narrow band gap enabling them to harvest solar energy to the maximum extent. They provide excellent optical, electrical, and catalytic performance and are of abundant use as a heterogeneous catalyst. Among sulfide-based ternary chalcogenides, compounds exhibiting AB2X4 structure form a new class of materials with excellent stability in photocatalytic performance. In the AB2X4 family of compounds, ZnIn2S4 is one of the top performing photocatalyst for energy and environmental applications. However, to date, only limited information is available on the mechanism behind the photo-induced migration of charge carriers in ternary sulfide chalcogenides. Ternary sulfide chalcogenides with their visible region activity and substantial chemical stability greatly depend on crystal structure, morphology, and optical characteristics for their photocatalytic activity. Hence, in this review, a comprehensive assessment of the reported strategies for enhancement of the photocatalytic efficiency of this compound is presented. In addition, a meticulous investigation of the applicability of ternary sulfide chalcogenide compound ZnIn2S4, in particular, has been delivered. Also, the photocatalytic behavior of other sulfide-based ternary chalcogenides for water remediation applications has also been briefed. Finally, we conclude with an insight into the challenges and future advancements in the exploration of ZnIn2S4-based chalcogenide as a photocatalyst for various photo-responsive applications. It is believed that this review could contribute to a better understanding of ternary chalcogenide semiconductor photocatalysts for solar-driven water treatment applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janani Ravichandran
- Crystal Growth Centre, A.C. Tech Campus, Anna University, Chennai, 600 025, India
- Department of Physics, KIT-Kalaignarkarunanidhi Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, 641402, India
| | - Shubra Singh
- Crystal Growth Centre, A.C. Tech Campus, Anna University, Chennai, 600 025, India.
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Chand M, Barthwal S, Rawat AS, Khanuja M, Rawat S. Enhancing Photocatalytic Efficiency of Spent Tea Leaf Powder on ZnIn 2S 4 Incorporation: Role of Surface Charge on Dye Degradation. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:17880-17890. [PMID: 37251171 PMCID: PMC10210206 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic degradation of dye contaminants using nanocomposite adsorbents has emerged as a promising solution for wastewater treatment. Owing to its abundant availability, eco-friendly composition, biocompatibility, and strong adsorption activity, spent tea leaf (STL) powder has been extensively explored as a viable dye-adsorbent material. In this work, we report spectacular enhancement in the dye-degradation properties of STL powder on incorporation of ZnIn2S4 (ZIS). The STL/ZIS composite was synthesized using a novel, benign, and scalable aqueous chemical solution method. Comparative degradation and reaction kinetics studies were performed onto an anionic dye, Congo red (CR), and two cationic dyes, Methylene blue (MB) and Crystal violet (CV). The degradation efficiencies of CR, MB, and CV dyes were obtained to be 77.18, 91.29, and 85.36%, respectively, using the STL/ZIS (30%) composite sample after the 120 min experiment. The spectacular improvement in the degradation efficiency of the composite was attributed to its slower charge transfer resistance (as concluded by the EIS study) and optimized surface charge (as concluded by ζ potential study). Scavenger tests and reusability tests deciphered the active species (•O2-) and reusability of the composite samples, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to demonstrate improvement in the degradation efficiency of STL powder on ZIS incorporation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mool Chand
- Department
of Physics, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal
University (A Central University), Garhwal, Srinagar, Uttarakhand 246174, India
| | - Swapnil Barthwal
- Department
of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian
Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Arun Singh Rawat
- Department
of Physics, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal
University (A Central University), Garhwal, Srinagar, Uttarakhand 246174, India
| | - Manika Khanuja
- Center
for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Jamia
Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Seema Rawat
- Department
of Physics, Zakir Hussain Delhi College, Jawahar Lal Nehru Marg, New Delhi 110002, India
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