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Patel SG, Sharma I, Parmar MP, Nogales J, Patel CD, Bhalodiya SS, Vala DP, Shah NV, Banerjee S, Patel HM. Alkoxy-functionalised dihydropyrimido[4,5- b]quinolinones enabling anti-proliferative and anti-invasive agents. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024. [PMID: 38899811 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01219d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
In this communication, we explored the synthesis of novel alkoxy-functionalised dihydropyrimido[4,5-b]quinolinones using a microwave-assisted multicomponent reaction. All the synthesized molecules were screened for anti-proliferative and anti-invasive activity against glioblastoma cells. 5c shows the most potent anti-proliferative activity with a half maximal effective concentration of less than 3 μM against primary patient-derived glioblastoma cells. 5c effectively inhibited invasion and tumor growth of 3D primary glioma cultures in a basement membrane matrix. This suggests that the novel compounds could inhibit both the proliferation and invasive spread of glioma and they were selected for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subham G Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388120, Gujarat, India.
- J & J College of Science, Nadiad-387001, Kheda, Gujarat, India
| | - Ira Sharma
- Department of Cellular and Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
| | - Mehul P Parmar
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388120, Gujarat, India.
| | - Joaquina Nogales
- Department of Cellular and Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
| | - Chirag D Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388120, Gujarat, India.
| | - Savan S Bhalodiya
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388120, Gujarat, India.
| | - Disha P Vala
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388120, Gujarat, India.
| | - Niraj V Shah
- J & J College of Science, Nadiad-387001, Kheda, Gujarat, India
| | - Sourav Banerjee
- Department of Cellular and Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
| | - Hitendra M Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388120, Gujarat, India.
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Upadhyay DB, Mokariya JA, Patel PJ, Patel SG, Das A, Nandi A, Nogales J, More N, Kumar A, Rajani DP, Narayan M, Kumar J, Banerjee S, Sahoo SK, Patel HM. Indole clubbed 2,4-thiazolidinedione linked 1,2,3-triazole as a potent antimalarial and antibacterial agent against drug-resistant strain and molecular modeling studies. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2300673. [PMID: 38247229 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
In the face of escalating challenges of microbial resistance strains, this study describes the design and synthesis of 5-({1-[(1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl]-1H-indol-3-yl}methylene)thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives, which have demonstrated significant antimicrobial properties. Compared with the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) values of ciprofloxacin on the respective strains, compounds 5a, 5d, 5g, 5l, and 5m exhibited potent antibacterial activity with MIC values ranging from 16 to 25 µM. Almost all the synthesized compounds showed lower MIC compared to standards against vancomycin-resistant enterococcus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. Additionally, the majority of the synthesized compounds demonstrated remarkable antifungal activity, against Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger, as compared to nystatin, griseofulvin, and fluconazole. Furthermore, the majority of compounds exhibited notable inhibitory effects against the Plasmodium falciparum strain, having IC50 values ranging from 1.31 to 2.79 μM as compared to standard quinine (2.71 μM). Cytotoxicity evaluation of compounds 5a-q on SHSY-5Y cells at up to 100 μg/mL showed no adverse effects. Comparison with control groups highlights their noncytotoxic characteristics. Molecular docking confirmed compound binding to target active sites, with stable protein-ligand complexes displaying drug-like molecules. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed dynamic stability and interactions. Rigorous tests and molecular modeling unveil the effectiveness of the compounds against drug-resistant microbes, providing hope for new antimicrobial compounds with potential safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipti B Upadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Jaydeep A Mokariya
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Paras J Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Subham G Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Anwesha Das
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Arijit Nandi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Joaquina Nogales
- Department of Cellular and Systems Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Nachiket More
- School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, UK
| | - Amit Kumar
- School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, UK
| | - Dhanji P Rajani
- Microcare Laboratory and Tuberculosis Diagnosis & Research Center, Surat, Gujarat, India
| | - Mahesh Narayan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | - Jyotish Kumar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | - Sourav Banerjee
- Department of Cellular and Systems Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Suban K Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry, SV National Institute of Technology, Surat, Gujarat, India
| | - Hitendra M Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India
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Parmar MP, Vala DP, Bhalodiya SS, Upadhyay DB, Patel CD, Patel SG, Gandholi SR, Shaik AH, Miller AD, Nogales J, Banerjee S, Padrón JM, Amri N, Kandukuri NK, Patel HM. A green bio-organic catalyst (taurine) promoted one-pot synthesis of ( R/ S)-2-thioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidine(TDHPM)-5-carboxanilides: chiral investigations using circular dichroism and validation by computational approaches. RSC Adv 2024; 14:9300-9313. [PMID: 38505382 PMCID: PMC10949965 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra01391c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Owing to the massive importance of dihydropyrimidine (DHPMs) scaffolds in the pharmaceutical industry and other areas, we developed an effective and sustainable one-pot reaction protocol for the synthesis of (R/S)-2-thioxo-DHPM-5-carboxanilides via the Biginelli-type cyclo-condensation reaction of aryl aldehydes, thiourea and various acetoacetanilide derivatives in ethanol at 100 °C. In this protocol, taurine was used as a green and reusable bio-organic catalyst. Twenty-three novel derivatives of (R/S)-TDHPM-5-carboxanilides and their structures were confirmed by various spectroscopy techniques. The aforementioned compounds were synthesized via the formation of one asymmetric centre, one new C-C bond, and two new C-N bonds in the final product. All the newly synthesized compounds were obtained in their racemic form with up to 99% yield. In addition, the separation of the racemic mixture of all the newly synthesized compounds was carried out by chiral HPLC (Prep LC), which provided up to 99.99% purity. The absolute configuration of all the enantiomerically pure isomers was determined using a circular dichroism study and validated by a computational approach. With up to 99% yield of 4d, this one-pot synthetic approach can also be useful for large-scale industrial production. One of the separated isomers (4R)-(+)-4S developed as a single crystal, and it was found that this crystal structure was orthorhombic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehul P Parmar
- P. G. Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University Near University Circle, Vallabh Vidyanagar 388120 Gujarat India
| | - Disha P Vala
- P. G. Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University Near University Circle, Vallabh Vidyanagar 388120 Gujarat India
| | - Savan S Bhalodiya
- P. G. Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University Near University Circle, Vallabh Vidyanagar 388120 Gujarat India
| | - Dipti B Upadhyay
- P. G. Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University Near University Circle, Vallabh Vidyanagar 388120 Gujarat India
| | - Chirag D Patel
- P. G. Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University Near University Circle, Vallabh Vidyanagar 388120 Gujarat India
| | - Subham G Patel
- P. G. Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University Near University Circle, Vallabh Vidyanagar 388120 Gujarat India
| | - Srinivasa R Gandholi
- YMC Application Lab Plot No. 78/A/6, Phase VI, Industrial Park Jeedimetla, Gajularamaram Village, Quthbullapur, Medchal Hyderabad-500055 Telangana India
| | - Althaf H Shaik
- YMC Application Lab Plot No. 78/A/6, Phase VI, Industrial Park Jeedimetla, Gajularamaram Village, Quthbullapur, Medchal Hyderabad-500055 Telangana India
| | - Amy Dunne Miller
- Department of Cellular and Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee Dundee UK
| | - Joaquina Nogales
- Department of Cellular and Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee Dundee UK
| | - Sourav Banerjee
- Department of Cellular and Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee Dundee UK
| | - José M Padrón
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Universidad de La Laguna Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2 38206 La Laguna Spain
| | - Nasser Amri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jazan University P.O. Box 2097 Jazan 45142 Saudi Arabia
| | - Nagesh Kumar Kandukuri
- YMC Application Lab Plot No. 78/A/6, Phase VI, Industrial Park Jeedimetla, Gajularamaram Village, Quthbullapur, Medchal Hyderabad-500055 Telangana India
| | - Hitendra M Patel
- P. G. Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University Near University Circle, Vallabh Vidyanagar 388120 Gujarat India
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Patel PJ, Patel SG, Upadhyay DB, Ravi L, Dhanasekaran A, Patel HM. An efficient, catalyst-free and aqueous ethanol-mediated synthesis of 5-((2-aminothiazol-5-yl)(phenyl)methyl)-6-hydroxypyrimidine-2,4(1 H,3 H)-dione derivatives and their antioxidant activity. RSC Adv 2023; 13:24466-24473. [PMID: 37593670 PMCID: PMC10427891 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra03998f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we effectively developed a catalyst-free multicomponent synthesis of 5-((2-aminothiazol-5-yl)(phenyl)methyl)-6-hydroxypyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione derivatives employing 2-aminothiazole, N',N'-dimethyl barbituric acid/barbituric acid and different aldehydes at 80 °C in an aqueous ethanol medium (1 : 1) using group-assisted purification (GAP) chemistry. The essential characteristics of this methodology include superior green credential parameters, metal-free multicomponent synthesis, faster reaction times, greater product yields, simple product purification without column chromatography and higher product yields. All of the synthesized compounds were analyzed against the HepG2 cell line. Compounds 4j and 4k shows good anti-proliferative effects on HepG2 cells. Furthermore, the ABTS and DPPH scavenging assays were used to determine the antioxidant activity of all compounds (4a-r). In both ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging assays, compounds 4e, 4i, 4j, 4o and 4r exhibit excellent potency compared to the standard ascorbic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paras J Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar 388120 Gujarat India
| | - Subham G Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar 388120 Gujarat India
| | - Dipti B Upadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar 388120 Gujarat India
| | - Logeswari Ravi
- Centre for Biotechnology, Anna University Chennai Tamil Nadu India
| | | | - Hitendra M Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar 388120 Gujarat India
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Patel PJ, Vala RM, Patel SG, Upadhyay DB, Rajani DP, Damiri F, Berrada M, Patel HM. Catalyst-free synthesis of imidazo[5,1-b]quinazolines and their antimicrobial activity. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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