Synthesis, Structure Revision, and Anti-inflammatory Activity Investigation of Putative Blumeatin

Integration of mult-omics and nucleotide metabolism reprogramming signature analysis reveals gastric cancer immunological and prognostic features

BACKGROUND

Gastric cancer is a frequent and lethal solid tumor that has a poor prognosis and treatment result. Reprogramming of nucleotide metabolism is a characteristic of cancer development and progression.

METHODS

We used a variety of machine learning techniques to create a novel nucleotide metabolism-related index (NMRI) using gastric cancer sample data obtained from the TCGA and GEO databases. This index is based on genes associated to nucleotide metabolism. Gastric cancer patients were categorized into high and low NMRI groups based on NMRI results. The clinical features, tumor immune microenvironment, response to chemotherapy, and response to immunotherapy were then thoroughly examined. In vitro experiments were then used to confirm the biological role of SERPINE1 in gastric cancer.

RESULTS

The four nucleotide metabolism-related genes that make up NMRI (GAMT, ORC1, CNGB3, and SERPINE1) were verified in an external dataset and are a valid predictor of prognosis for patients with gastric cancer. The high NMRI group was more responsive to immunotherapy and had greater levels of immune cell infiltration than the low NMRI group. The proliferation and migration of stomach cancer was shown to be decreased by SERPINE1 knockdown in vitro.

CONCLUSIONS

This study's NMRI can reliably predict a patient's prognosis for stomach cancer and pinpoint the patient group that will benefit from immunotherapy, offering important new information on the clinical treatment of stomach cancer.

Polyphenols of the Inuleae-Inulinae and Their Biological Activities: A Review

Polyphenols are ubiquitous plant metabolites that demonstrate biological activities essential to plant-environment interactions. They are of interest to plant food consumers, as well as to the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry. The class of the plant metabolites comprises both widespread (chlorogenic acids, luteolin, quercetin) and unique compounds of diverse chemical structures but of the common biosynthetic origin. Polyphenols next to sesquiterpenoids are regarded as the major class of the Inuleae-Inulinae metabolites responsible for the pharmacological activity of medicinal plants from the subtribe (Blumea spp., Dittrichia spp., Inula spp., Pulicaria spp. and others). Recent decades have brought a rapid development of molecular and analytical techniques which resulted in better understanding of the taxonomic relationships within the Inuleae tribe and in a plethora of data concerning the chemical constituents of the Inuleae-Inulinae. The current taxonomical classification has introduced changes in the well-established botanical names and rearranged the genera based on molecular plant genetic studies. The newly created chemical data together with the earlier phytochemical studies may provide some complementary information on biochemical relationships within the subtribe. Moreover, they may at least partly explain pharmacological activities of the plant preparations traditionally used in therapy. The current review aimed to systematize the knowledge on the polyphenols of the Inulae-Inulinae.

Molecular Structure, Antioxidant Potential, and Pharmacokinetic Properties of Plant Flavonoid Blumeatin and Investigating Its Inhibition Mechanism on Xanthine Oxidase for Hyperuricemia by Molecular Modeling

Hyperuricemia, which usually results in metabolic syndrome symptoms, is increasing rapidly all over the world and becoming a global public health issue. Xanthine oxidase (XO) is regarded as a key drug target for the treatment of this disease. Therefore, finding natural, nontoxic, and highly active XO inhibitors is quite important. To get insights into inhibitory potential toward XO and determine antioxidant action mechanism depending on the molecular structure, plant flavonoid blumeatin was investigated for the first time by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, density functional theory (DFT), ADME/Tox (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) analysis, and molecular docking study. Theoretical findings indicated that blumeatin has high radical scavenging activity due to its noncoplanarity and over twisted torsion angle (-94.64°) with respect to its flavanone skeleton could explain that there might be a correlation between antioxidant activity and planarity of blumeatin. Based on the ADME/Tox analysis, it is determined that blumeatin has a high absorption profile in the human intestine (81.93%), and this plant flavonoid is not carcinogenic or mutagenic. A molecular docking study showed that Thr1010, Val1011, Phe914, and Ala1078 are the main amino acid residues participating in XO's interaction with blumeatin via hydrogen bonds.