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Ghirardello M, Shyam R, Liu X, Garcia-Millan T, Sittel I, Ramos-Soriano J, Kurian KM, Galan MC. Carbon dot-based fluorescent antibody nanoprobes as brain tumour glioblastoma diagnostics. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:1770-1778. [PMID: 35434521 PMCID: PMC8962998 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00060a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The development of efficient and sensitive tools for the detection of brain cancer in patients is of the utmost importance particularly because many of these tumours go undiagnosed until the disease has advanced and when treatment is less effective. Current strategies employ antibodies (Abs) to detect Glial Fibrillary Acid Protein (GFAP) in tissue samples, since GFAP is unique to the brain and not present in normal peripheral blood, and it relies on fluorescent reporters. Herein we describe a low cost, practical and general method for the labelling of proteins and antibodies with fluorescent carbon dots (CD) to generate diagnostic probes that are robust, photostable and applicable to the clinical setting. The two-step protocol relies on the conjugation of a dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO)-functionalised CD with azide functionalised proteins by combining amide conjugation and strain promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) ligation chemistry. The new class of Ab-CD conjugates developed using this strategy was successfully used for the immunohistochemical staining of human brain tissues of patients with glioblastoma (GBM) validating the approach. Overall, these novel fluorescent probes offer a promising and versatile strategy in terms of costs, photostability and applicability which can be extended to other Abs and protein systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Radhe Shyam
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol Bristol UK
| | - Xia Liu
- Bristol Medical School, Public Health Sciences, Southmead Hospital, University of Bristol Bristol UK
| | | | - Imke Sittel
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol Bristol UK
| | | | - Kathreena M Kurian
- Bristol Medical School, Public Health Sciences, Southmead Hospital, University of Bristol Bristol UK
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2
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Jiang B, Yang H, Guo Y, Liu C, Song H, Zhou P, Zhang H, Zhou K, Guo Y, Chen H. Developing electropositive citric acid–polyethylenimine carbon quantum dots with high biocompatibility and labeling performance for mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and in vivo. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj04990a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The positive CQD has good biocompatibility (≤800 μg mL−1) and labelling performance for mesenchymal stem cell in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, P. R. China
| | - Hui Yang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Ying Guo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, P. R. China
| | - Cong Liu
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Hua Song
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, P. R. China
| | - Panpan Zhou
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Haiwei Zhang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, P. R. China
| | - Kangxin Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, P. R. China
| | - Yong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, P. R. China
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210008, China
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Hill SA, Sheikh S, Zhang Q, Sueiro Ballesteros L, Herman A, Davis SA, Morgan DJ, Berry M, Benito-Alifonso D, Galan MC. Selective photothermal killing of cancer cells using LED-activated nucleus targeting fluorescent carbon dots. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:2840-2846. [PMID: 36133617 PMCID: PMC9417209 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00293f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The development of effective theranostic probes in cancer therapy is hampered due to issues with selectivity and off-target toxicity. We report the selective LED-photothermal ablation of cervical (HeLa) cancer cells over human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) using a new class of green-emissive fluorescent carbon dots (FCDs). The FCDs can be easily prepared in one pot using cheap and commercial starting materials. Physico-chemical characterization revealed that a surface coating of 2,5-deoxyfructosazine on a robust amorphous core gives rise to the nanomaterial's unique properties. We show that intracellular uptake mostly involves passive mechanisms in combination with intracellular DNA interactions to target the nucleus and that cancer cell selective killing is likely due to an increase in intracellular temperature in combination with ATP depletion, which is not observed upon exposure to either the "naked" core FCDs or the surface components individually. The selectivity of these nanoprobes and the lack of apparent production of toxic metabolic byproducts make these new nanomaterials promising agents in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A Hill
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol UK
| | - Sadiyah Sheikh
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol UK
| | - Qiaoyu Zhang
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol UK
| | - Lorena Sueiro Ballesteros
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences Flow Cytometry Facility University Walk Bristol UK
| | - Andrew Herman
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences Flow Cytometry Facility University Walk Bristol UK
| | - Sean A Davis
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol UK
| | - David J Morgan
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Park Place Cardiff UK
| | - Monica Berry
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol UK
| | | | - M Carmen Galan
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol UK
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