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Ramezani M, Ellis SN, Riabtseva A, Cunningham MF, Jessop PG. CO 2-Responsive Low Molecular Weight Polymer with High Osmotic Pressure as a Draw Solute for Forward Osmosis. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:49259-49269. [PMID: 38162778 PMCID: PMC10753694 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
A key challenge in the development of forward osmosis (FO) technology is to identify a suitable draw solute that can generate a large osmotic pressure with favorable water flux while being easy to recover after the FO process with a minimum of energy expenditure. While the CO2- and thermo-responsive linear poly(N,N-dimethylallylamine) polymer (l-PDMAAm) has been reported as a promising draw agent for forward osmosis desalination, the draw solutions sufficiently concentrated to have high osmotic pressure were too viscous to be usable in industrial operations. We now compare the viscosities and osmotic pressures of solutions of these polymers at low and high molecular weights and with/without branching. The best combination of high osmotic pressures with low viscosity can be obtained by using low molecular weights rather than branching. Aqueous solutions of the synthesized polymer showed a high osmotic pressure of 170 bar under CO2 (πCO2) at 50 wt% loading, generating a high water flux against NaCl feed solutions in the FO process. Under air, however, the same polymer showed a low osmotic pressure and a cloud point between 26 and 33 °C (depending on concentration), which facilitates the recovery of the polymer after it has been used as a draw agent in the FO process upon removal of CO2 from the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maedeh Ramezani
- Department
of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6,Canada
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s
University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6,Canada
| | - Sarah N. Ellis
- Department
of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6,Canada
| | - Anna Riabtseva
- Department
of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6,Canada
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s
University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6,Canada
| | | | - Philip G. Jessop
- Department
of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6,Canada
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2
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Kim HY, Kim JH. Chemical Characterization of the Precipitate Found in and Its Effect on Drug Release of the Scutellaria baicalensis-Coptis chinensis Extract. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202301461. [PMID: 37961037 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Precipitate generation is a challenging issue during the production of herbal decoction as it affects the stability and bioavailability of active compounds. Here we explored the composition of the natural precipitate formed from and its effect on drug release of Scutellaria baicalensis-Coptis chinensis paired extract (SCPE). Furthermore, the surface morphology of the SCPE precipitate was also investigated. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) was used to chemical component analysis and field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) was performed to particle observation. Baicalin (BA), berberine (BBR) and starch-arginine-rich polymers were abundant in the SCPE precipitate. FE-SEM micrographs showed spheroidal shaped particles in the SCPE supernatant, while spherical and porous tissue-shaped particles in the SCPE precipitate. In vitro drug release of baicalin and berberine contained in the precipitate may increase as the polymer is removed. The presence of polymer-related interactions were confirmed by the greater increase in solubility of baicalin upon addition of arginine and polymer. This was also supported by the solubility decrease of the BA-BBR complex in polymer solution and the gelation of the BA-BBR complex in arginine solution. Our results provide a scientific basis for elucidating the pharmaceutical properties of the decoction of S. baicalensis-C. chinensis-based herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Young Kim
- Research Institute for Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea, 50612
| | - Jung-Hoon Kim
- Division of Pharmacology, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea, 50612
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3
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A Review on the Development of an Integer System Coupling Forward Osmosis Membrane and Ultrasound Waves for Water Desalination Processes. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14132710. [PMID: 35808754 PMCID: PMC9269142 DOI: 10.3390/polym14132710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This review considers the forward osmosis (FO) membrane process as one of the feasible solutions for water desalination. Different aspects related to the FO process are reviewed with an emphasis on ultrasound assisted FO membrane processes. The different types of membranes used in FO are also reviewed and discussed; thus, their configuration, structure and applications are considered. Coupling ultrasound with FO enhances water flux through the membrane under certain conditions. In addition, this review addresses questions related to implementation of an ultrasound/FO system for seawater desalination, such as the impact on fouling, flow configuration, and location of fouling. Finally, the mechanisms for the impact of ultrasound on FO membranes are discussed and future research directions are suggested.
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4
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Chen R, Dong X, Ge Q. Lithium-based draw solute for forward osmosis to treat wastewater discharged from lithium-ion battery manufacturing. Front Chem Sci Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-022-2137-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Forero-Martinez NC, Cortes-Huerto R, Benedetto A, Ballone P. Thermoresponsive Ionic Liquid/Water Mixtures: From Nanostructuring to Phase Separation. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27051647. [PMID: 35268747 PMCID: PMC8912101 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The thermodynamics, structures, and applications of thermoresponsive systems, consisting primarily of water solutions of organic salts, are reviewed. The focus is on organic salts of low melting temperatures, belonging to the ionic liquid (IL) family. The thermo-responsiveness is represented by a temperature driven transition between a homogeneous liquid state and a biphasic state, comprising an IL-rich phase and a solvent-rich phase, divided by a relatively sharp interface. Demixing occurs either with decreasing temperatures, developing from an upper critical solution temperature (UCST), or, less often, with increasing temperatures, arising from a lower critical solution temperature (LCST). In the former case, the enthalpy and entropy of mixing are both positive, and enthalpy prevails at low T. In the latter case, the enthalpy and entropy of mixing are both negative, and entropy drives the demixing with increasing T. Experiments and computer simulations highlight the contiguity of these phase separations with the nanoscale inhomogeneity (nanostructuring), displayed by several ILs and IL solutions. Current applications in extraction, separation, and catalysis are briefly reviewed. Moreover, future applications in forward osmosis desalination, low-enthalpy thermal storage, and water harvesting from the atmosphere are discussed in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy C. Forero-Martinez
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 9, 55128 Mainz, Germany;
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Robinson Cortes-Huerto
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Antonio Benedetto
- School of Physics, University College Dublin, 94568 Dublin, Ireland; (A.B.); (P.B.)
- Conway Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, 94568 Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro Ballone
- School of Physics, University College Dublin, 94568 Dublin, Ireland; (A.B.); (P.B.)
- Conway Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, 94568 Dublin, Ireland
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6
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Haddad AZ, Menon AK, Kang H, Urban JJ, Prasher RS, Kostecki R. Solar Desalination Using Thermally Responsive Ionic Liquids Regenerated with a Photonic Heater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:3260-3269. [PMID: 33596649 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c06232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Growing global water demand has brought desalination technologies to the forefront for freshwater production from nontraditional water sources. Among these, forward osmosis (FO) is a promising two-step desalination process (draw dilution and regeneration), but it is often overlooked due to the energy requirements associated with draw regeneration. To address this limiting factor, we demonstrate FO desalination using thermally responsive ionic liquids (ILs) that are regenerated using a renewable energy input, that is, solar heat. To efficiently harness sunlight, a simple photonic heater converts incoming irradiation into infrared wavelengths that are directly absorbed by IL-water mixtures, thereby inducing phase separation to yield clean water. This approach is markedly different as it uses radiative heating, a noncontact mode of heat transfer that couples to chemical functional groups within the IL for rapid energy transfer without a heat exchanger or secondary fluid. Overall, a solar-thermal separation efficiency of 50% is achieved under unconcentrated sunlight, which can be increased to 69% with the thermal design. Successful desalination of produced water from oil wells in Southern California highlights the potential of solar-powered IL-FO for energy-efficient and low-cost desalination of complex brines for beneficial water reuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Z Haddad
- Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Akanksha K Menon
- Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Hyungmook Kang
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jeffrey J Urban
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ravi S Prasher
- Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Robert Kostecki
- Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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Duarte Rodrigues A, Jacob M, Gauchou V, Durand JO, Trens P, Hesemann P. Quaternary Ammonium-Based Ionosilica Hydrogels as Draw Solutes in Forward Osmosis. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25245987. [PMID: 33348828 PMCID: PMC7766899 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last few years, forward osmosis (FO) has attracted increasing interest as a sustainable technique for water desalination and wastewater treatment. However, FO remains as an immature process principally due to the lack of efficient and easily recyclable draw solutes. In this work, we report that ionosilica hydrogels based on quaternary ammonium halide ionosilica are efficient draw solutes in FO. Fluidic ionosilica hydrogels were obtained via hydrolysis-polycondensation reactions of a trisilylated quaternary ammonium precursor in slightly acidic water/ethanol solvent mixtures. The liquid-to-gel transition of the precursor and the kinetics of the formation of hydrogels were monitored by liquid NMR measurements. The formed hydrogels were shown to generate osmotic pressure up to 10.0 atm, indicating the potential of these hydrogels as efficient draw solutes in FO. Our results suggest that iodide anions are the osmotically active species in the system. Regeneration of the hydrogels via ultrafiltration (UF) was successfully achieved, allowing the development of a closed FO-UF process. However, the osmotic performances of the ionosilica hydrogels irreversibly decreased along the successive FO-UF cycles, probably due to anion exchange processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alysson Duarte Rodrigues
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, Université de Montpellier—CNRS, 34090 Montpellier, France; (A.D.R.); (J.-O.D.); (P.T.)
| | - Matthieu Jacob
- Pole D’Etude et de Recherche de Lacq (PERL), Pôle Economique 2, BP 47-64170 Lacq, France;
- Correspondence: (M.J.); (P.H.); Tel.: +33-467-144-528 (P.H.)
| | - Véronique Gauchou
- Pole D’Etude et de Recherche de Lacq (PERL), Pôle Economique 2, BP 47-64170 Lacq, France;
| | - Jean-Olivier Durand
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, Université de Montpellier—CNRS, 34090 Montpellier, France; (A.D.R.); (J.-O.D.); (P.T.)
| | - Philippe Trens
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, Université de Montpellier—CNRS, 34090 Montpellier, France; (A.D.R.); (J.-O.D.); (P.T.)
| | - Peter Hesemann
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, Université de Montpellier—CNRS, 34090 Montpellier, France; (A.D.R.); (J.-O.D.); (P.T.)
- Correspondence: (M.J.); (P.H.); Tel.: +33-467-144-528 (P.H.)
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8
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Toward tailoring of a new draw solute for forward osmosis process: Branched poly (deep eutectic solvent)-decorated magnetic nanoparticles. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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9
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Cruz-Tato P, Richardson TMJ, Romero-Mangado J, Flynn M, Nicolau E. Performance Evaluation of 1-Cyclohexylpiperidine as a Draw Solute for Forward Osmosis Water Separation and CO 2 Recovery. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:25919-25926. [PMID: 33073118 PMCID: PMC7558060 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Membrane-based technologies, such as forward osmosis (FO), offer the advantage of treating water through a spontaneous process that requires minimal energy input while achieving favorable water permeability and selectivity. However, the FO process still has some challenges that need to be solved or improved to become entirely feasible. The main impediment for this technology is the recovery of the draw solute used to generate the osmotic potential in the process. In this paper, we discuss the use of a switchable polarity solvent, 1-cyclohexylpiperidine (CHP), as a draw solute that responds to external stimuli. Specifically, the miscibility of CHP can be switched by the presence of carbon dioxide (CO2) and is reversible by applying heat. Thus, in this study, the hydrophobic CHP is first converted to the hydrophilic ammonium salt (CHPH+), and its capability as a draw solution (DS) is thoroughly evaluated against the typical osmotic agent, sodium chloride (NaCl). Our results show that the water permeability across the thin film composite membrane increases by 69% when CHPH+ is used as the DS. Also, the water permeability when using different feed solutions: aqueous solutions of (a) urea and (b) NaCl were evaluated. In both cases, the CHPH+ generates water fluxes in the range of 65 ± 4 LMH and 69 ± 2 LMH, respectively. We then separate the diluted DS by applying 75 °C to the solution to recover the pure CHP and water. The results of this work provide a proof-of-concept of a CHP wastewater and desalination method via an FO process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perla Cruz-Tato
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, 17 University
Ave. 1701, San Juan, Puerto
Rico 00925, United
States
- Molecular
Sciences Research Center, University of
Puerto Rico, 1390 Ponce De Leon Ave, Suite 2, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00931-3346, United States
| | | | - Jaione Romero-Mangado
- Bioengineering
Branch, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035, United States
| | - Michael Flynn
- Bioengineering
Branch, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035, United States
| | - Eduardo Nicolau
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, 17 University
Ave. 1701, San Juan, Puerto
Rico 00925, United
States
- Molecular
Sciences Research Center, University of
Puerto Rico, 1390 Ponce De Leon Ave, Suite 2, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00931-3346, United States
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Salehi AA, Ghannadi-Maragheh M, Torab-Mostaedi M, Torkaman R, Asadollahzadeh M. Hydrogel materials as an emerging platform for desalination and the production of purified water. SEPARATION & PURIFICATION REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2020.1789659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Akbar Salehi
- Department of Energy Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ghannadi-Maragheh
- Materials and Nuclear Fuel Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meisam Torab-Mostaedi
- Materials and Nuclear Fuel Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rezvan Torkaman
- Materials and Nuclear Fuel Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Asadollahzadeh
- Materials and Nuclear Fuel Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Liao X, Zhang WH, Ge Q. A cage-like supramolecular draw solute that promotes forward osmosis for wastewater remediation and source recovery. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.117862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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12
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Rabiee H, Jin B, Yun S, Dai S. O2/N2-responsive microgels as functional draw agents for gas-triggering forward osmosis desalination. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.117584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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