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Feng H, Huo J, Mu X, Zheng R, Geng X, Wang L. BPO-promoted [4 + 2] cyclization of enaminones and o-phenylenediamines to 2-acyl quinoxalines via a cascade transamination and C-H amination. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:4067-4071. [PMID: 38717162 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00494a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Rapid assembly of quinoxalines in a single step from readily available precursors has been recognized as an ideal platform in terms of efficiency and operation. Herein, we report a BPO-promoted metal-free approach to 2-acyl quinoxalines from enaminones and o-phenylenediamines via cascade transamination and C-H amination. This methodology demonstrates excellent compatibility with various substrates, including o-hydroxy enaminones, drug derivatives and natural products under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, Zhejiang 318000, P. R. China.
| | - Jie Huo
- Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, Zhejiang 318000, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaonan Mu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, Zhejiang 318000, P. R. China.
| | - Renhua Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, Zhejiang 318000, P. R. China.
| | - Xiao Geng
- Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, Zhejiang 318000, P. R. China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, Zhejiang 318000, P. R. China.
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, P. R. China
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2
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Pramanik S, Mondal PP, Maity S. Organo-photoredox-Catalyzed Selective Mono- and Bis-C-H Alkylation of Electron-Rich (Hetero)Arenes. J Org Chem 2023; 88:15256-15269. [PMID: 37823605 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we disclose a simple strategy for the C-H alkylation of electron-rich (hetero)arenes with alkyl bromides employing visible-light-mediated organo-photocatalytic SET processes. The generality of this method has been evidenced by the inclusion of a variety of alkyl radicals (α-alkyl-carbonyl, benzyl, cyanomethyl) as well as diverse biologically active electron-rich arenes and (hetero)arenes under mild conditions. The extent of alkylation with alkyl bromides was found to be controlled by introducing Zn(OAc)2 as a bromide scavenger, ensuring the blocking of potential bromo-arene byproduct formation under photoredox conditions. In addition, a sequential C-H alkylation strategy for selective bis-alkylation has also been developed via chronological incorporation of different alkyl radical precursors in one pot quite efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyamal Pramanik
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004, India
| | - Partha Pratim Mondal
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004, India
| | - Soumitra Maity
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004, India
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3
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Thakur A, Gupta SS, Dhiman AK, Sharma U. Photoredox Minisci-Type Hydroxyfluoroalkylation of Isoquinolines with N-Trifluoroethoxyphthalimide. J Org Chem 2023; 88:2314-2321. [PMID: 36705295 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A straightforward photocatalytic approach has been demonstrated to incorporate a trifluoroethanol unit onto the isoquinolines. Herein, we report N-trifluoroethoxyphthalimide as a hydroxyfluoroalkyl radical precursor, enabling efficient synthesis of trifluoroethanol-substituted heteroarenes. Radical quenching experiments confirmed the involvement of a free-radical pathway under developed photocatalytic conditions. The DFT calculations confirmed the intramolecular 1,2-HAT reactivity of the O-centered trifluoroethoxy radical (generated from N-trifluoroethoxyphthalimide under photocatalytic condition) to the C-centered trifluoroethanol radical. Fluorescence quenching studies suggested that isoquinoline was responsible for the quenching of Ir-photocatalyst emission. A catalytic cycle involving trifluoroethanol radical reaction with isoquinolines has been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Thakur
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource and Technology, Palampur 176061, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Shiv Shankar Gupta
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource and Technology, Palampur 176061, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ankit Kumar Dhiman
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource and Technology, Palampur 176061, India
| | - Upendra Sharma
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource and Technology, Palampur 176061, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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4
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Bao L, Wang ZX, Chen XY. Metal-Free Generation of Acyl Radical via Photoinduced Single-Electron Transfer from Lewis Base to Acyl Chloride. Org Lett 2022; 24:8223-8227. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Bao
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Wang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Chen
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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5
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Visible-light-mediated metal-free decarboxylative acylation of electron-deficient quinolines using α-ketoacids under ambient air. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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6
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Ouyang YN, Yue X, Peng J, Zhu J, Shen Q, Li W. Organic-acid catalysed Minisci-type arylation of heterocycles with aryl acyl peroxides. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:6619-6629. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01187e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A metal-free method for the Minisci-type arylation of heterocycles with aryl acyl peroxides has been reported. This strategy enables the rapid and simple synthesis of a series of Minisci-type adducts...
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7
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Xu J, Cai H, Shen J, Shen C, Wu J, Zhang P, Liu X. Photo-Induced Cross-Dehydrogenative Alkylation of Heteroarenes with Alkanes under Aerobic Conditions. J Org Chem 2021; 86:17816-17832. [PMID: 34875167 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We report a Minisci-type cross-dehydrogenative alkylation in an aerobic atmosphere using abundant and inexpensive cerium chloride as a photocatalyst and air as an oxidant. This photoreaction exhibits excellent tolerance to functional groups and is suitable for both heteroarene and alkane substrates under mild conditions, generating the corresponding products in moderate-to-good yields. Our method provides an alternative approach for the late-stage functionalization of valuable substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore.,Center for Functional Materials, National University of Singapore Suzhou Research Institute, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Heng Cai
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Jiabin Shen
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Chao Shen
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore.,Center for Functional Materials, National University of Singapore Suzhou Research Institute, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore.,Center for Functional Materials, National University of Singapore Suzhou Research Institute, Suzhou 215123, China
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8
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El Akkaoui A, Koubachi J, Guillaumet G, El Kazzouli S. Synthesis and Functionalization of Imidazo[1,2‐
b
]Pyridazine by Means of Metal‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202101636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed El Akkaoui
- Laboratory of Analytical and Molecular Chemistry (LCAM) Polydisciplinary Faculty of Safi Cadi Ayyad University, Sidi Bouzid, B.P. 4162 46000 Safi Morocco
| | - Jamal Koubachi
- Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant Laboratory of Applied and Environmental Chemistry (LACAPE) Faculty of Sciences Ibn Zohr University of Agadir, B.P 271 83000 Taroudant Morocco
| | - Gérald Guillaumet
- Institute of Organic and Analytical Chemistry University of Orleans, UMR CNRS 7311, BP 6759 45067 Orleans Cedex 2 France
- Euromed Research Centre School of Engineering in Biomedical and Biotechnology Euromed University of Fes (UEMF) Route de Meknès 30000 Fez Morocco
| | - Saïd El Kazzouli
- Euromed Research Centre School of Engineering in Biomedical and Biotechnology Euromed University of Fes (UEMF) Route de Meknès 30000 Fez Morocco
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9
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Abstract
Minisci-type reactions have been widely known as reactions that involve the addition
of carbon-centered radicals to basic heteroarenes followed by formal hydrogen atom loss.
While the originally developed protocols for radical generation remain in active use today, in
recent years, the new array of radical generation strategies have allowed the use of a wider
variety of radical precursors that often operate under milder and more benign conditions. New
transformations based on free radical reactivity are now available to a synthetic chemist, to
utilize a Minisci-type reaction. Radical-generation methods based on photoredox catalysis
and electrochemistry, which utilize thermal cleavage or the in situ generation of reactive radical
precursors, have become popular approaches. Our review will cover the remarkable literature
that has been reported on this topic in recent 5 years, from 2015-01 to 2020-01, in an
attempt to provide guidance to the synthetic chemist on both the challenges that need to be overcome and the applications
in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wengui Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fluorine Chemistry and Chemical Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Shoufeng Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fluorine Chemistry and Chemical Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
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10
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Xu GQ, Xiao TF, Feng GX, Liu C, Zhang B, Xu PF. Metal-Free α-C(sp3)–H Aroylation of Amines via a Photoredox Catalytic Radical–Radical Cross-Coupling Process. Org Lett 2021; 23:2846-2852. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Qiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Teng-Fei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Xuan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Chen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Baoxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Peng-Fei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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11
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Predygier J, Szczepanik J, Giedyk M. Alkyl Halides as Substrates for Photocatalytic Minisci-Type C–H Alkylation of Hetarenes. Synlett 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1404-2763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAlkyl halides are readily available starting materials for various synthetic transformations, including Minisci-type C–H functionalizations of hetarenes. The existing methods, however, often require harsh reaction conditions, such as the use of acids, sacrificial electron donors, or radical precursors in excess amounts. Here, we outline recent developments in this field and we highlight our group̓s efforts to achieve fully catalytic photoredox Minisci-type alkylations supported by noncovalent interactions under mild aqueous conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jędrzej Predygier
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw
| | - Joanna Szczepanik
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology
| | - Maciej Giedyk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences
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12
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Wang M, Yin C, Hu P. Ag-Catalyzed Remote Unactivated C(sp 3)-H Heteroarylation of Free Alcohols in Water. Org Lett 2021; 23:722-726. [PMID: 33439025 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Catalyzed by silver salt, the unactivated C(sp3)-H heteroarylation of free alcohol at the δ position is realized under gentle thermal conditions in water through a radical procedure. Both protonic acids and Lewis acids are found to be efficient for activating pyridines for this Minisci-type reaction. The reaction enjoys a good functional group tolerance and substrate scope. Terminal secondary and tertiary alcohols are suitable substrates. With either electron-donating or -withdrawing groups, the electron-deficient heteroarene substrates generate the target products in moderate to good yields. A gram-scale experiment can be successfully operated. A radical blocking experiment and a radical clock experiment are studied to support the radical mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Wang
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Changzhen Yin
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Peng Hu
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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13
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Laha JK, Tinwala U, Hunjan MK. Minisci aroylation of N-heterocycles using choline persulfate in water under mild conditions. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj05068k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A modified Minisci aroylation of isoquinoline using arylglyoxylic acids in the presence of choline persulfate or pre-composition (choline acetate and K2S2O8) in water at ambient temperature affording aroylated isoquinolines is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joydev K. Laha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Process Chemistry), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Ummehani Tinwala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Process Chemistry), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Mandeep Kaur Hunjan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Process Chemistry), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
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15
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Santos MS, Cybularczyk‐Cecotka M, König B, Giedyk M. Minisci C−H Alkylation of Heteroarenes Enabled by Dual Photoredox/Bromide Catalysis in Micellar Solutions**. Chemistry 2020; 26:15323-15329. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marilia S. Santos
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy University of Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Germany
| | | | - Burkhard König
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy University of Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Germany
| | - Maciej Giedyk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
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