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Kipkorir A, Ealey G, Yu Y, Kamat PV. AgInS 2-Embedded Photocatalytic Membrane: Insights into the Excited State and Electron Transfer Dynamics. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:1373-1380. [PMID: 38157564 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Photocatalytic reactions at semiconductor nanocrystal surfaces are useful for synthesizing value-added chemicals using sunlight. Semiconductor nanocrystals dispersed in a rigid framework, such as polymer film, can mitigate issues such as aggregation, product separation, and other challenges that are usually encountered in suspensions or slurries. Using a cation exchange technique, we successfully embedded AgInS2 nanoparticles into a Nafion matrix, termed AgInS2-Nafion. This was achieved through a galvanic exchange between In and Ag in In2S3 present within the Nafion film, enabling an adjustable Ag:In ratio for optimized photophysical properties. As in the case of colloidal suspension, the AgInS2 particles embedded in Nafion exhibit a long absorption tail, a broad emission band with a large Stokes shift, and emission lifetimes extending into the microseconds that are characteristic of donor-acceptor pairs, DAP. Remediation of surface states with the treatment of 3-mercaptopropionic acid resulted in significant enhancement in the emission yield. Charge carrier generation through bandgap excitation as well as activation of DAP states which reside within the bandgap is probed through transient absorption spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of AgInS2-Nafion was probed by using thionine as an electron acceptor. The electron transfer rate constant from excited AgInS2 to thionine as observed from transient absorption spectroscopy was determined to be ∼6.3 × 1010 s-1. The design of a photoactive membrane offers new ways to carry out photocatalytic processes with greater selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Kipkorir
- Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Gavin Ealey
- Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Yiseul Yu
- Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Prashant V Kamat
- Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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2
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Saroa A, Singh A, Jindal N, Kumar R, Singh K, Guleria P, Boopathy R, Kumar V. Nanotechnology-assisted treatment of pharmaceuticals contaminated water. Bioengineered 2023; 14:2260919. [PMID: 37750751 PMCID: PMC10524801 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2023.2260919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of pharmaceutical compounds in wastewater due to an increase in industrialization and urbanization is a serious health concern. The demand for diverse types of pharmaceutical compounds is expected to grow as there is continuous improvement in the global human health standards. Discharge of domestic pharmaceutical personal care products and hospital waste has aggravated the burden on wastewater management. Further, the pharmaceutical water is toxic not only to the aquatic organism but also to terrestrial animals coming in contact directly or indirectly. The pharmaceutical wastes can be removed by adsorption and/or degradation approach. Nanoparticles (NPs), such as 2D layers materials, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and carbonaceous nanomaterials are proven to be more efficient for adsorption and/or degradation of pharmaceutical waste. In addition, inclusion of NPs to form various composites leads to improvement in the waste treatment efficacy to a greater extent. Overall, carbonaceous nanocomposites have advantage in the form of being produced from renewable resources and the nanocomposite material is biodegradable either completely or to a great extent. A comprehensive literature survey on the recent advancement of pharmaceutical wastewater is the focus of the present article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandeep Saroa
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Guru Teg Bahadur Khalsa College, Sri Anandpur Sahib, India
| | - Amrit Singh
- Department of Physics, Sri Guru Teg Bahadur Khalsa College, Sri Anandpur Sahib, India
| | - Neha Jindal
- Department of Chemistry, DAV College, Bathinda, India
| | - Raj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Maharaja Agrasen University, Baddi, India
| | | | - Praveen Guleria
- Department of Biotechnology, DAV University, Jalandhar, India
| | - Raj Boopathy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Nicholls State University, Thibodaux, LA, USA
| | - Vineet Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
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Padwal S, Wagh R, Thakare J, Patil R. Integrated synthesis and comprehensive characterization of TiO2/AgBi2S3 ternary thin films via SILAR method. Heliyon 2023; 9:e23106. [PMID: 38149199 PMCID: PMC10750032 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
AgBi2S3, a copious and innocuous ternary metal chalcogenide affiliated with the I-V-IV group of semiconductors, was synthesized. With an energy gap of 1.2eV, it closely matches the optimal 1.39eV for solar cell absorbers. Importantly, this chalcogenide exhibits a high absorption coefficient of 105 cm-1 at 600 nm. Using the successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method; we deposited an AgBi2S3 thin film onto a titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin film. Characterization techniques encompassed XRD, SEM, EDXS, UV-Vis, EIS, and PEC performance analyses. The resulting TiO2/AgBi2S3 composite film ranged in thickness from 8 μm to 13 μm, with particle sizes spanning 20 nm-265 nm. Notably, the deposition of AgBi2S3 onto the TiO2 film caused depreciation in the TiO2 energy gap from 3.1eV to 1.7eV. Furthermore, it significantly enhanced the TiO2 film's absorbance across the visible and near-infrared regions. Intriguingly, the TiO2/AgBi2S3 composite film also exhibited discernible photoelectrochemical behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Padwal
- Science Department, Government Polytechnic Nashik, New Building Campus, Samangaon Road, Nashik Road, Nashik, 422101, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rahul Wagh
- Department of Physics, PSGVP Mandal's Arts Commerce & Science College, Shahada, Nandurbar, 425409, Maharashtra, India
| | - Jivan Thakare
- Principal Research Engineer, Electrochemical Process Development, Energy and Environmental Research Center, Grand Forks, ND, 58202-9018, USA
| | - Rajendra Patil
- Department of Physics, PSGVP Mandal's Arts Commerce & Science College, Shahada, Nandurbar, 425409, Maharashtra, India
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4
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Superior photocatalytic decomposition of ciprofloxacin over AgVO3 photocatalyst decorated with AgInS2. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-023-02793-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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Raveena, Singh MP, Sengar M, Kumari P. Synthesis of Graphene oxide/Porphyrin Nanocomposite for Photocatalytic Degradation of Crystal Violet Dye. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Raveena
- Department of Chemistry University of Delhi New Delhi 110007 India
- Bio-organic material research laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Deshbandhu College University of Delhi, Kalkaji New Delhi 110019 India
| | - Manoj P. Singh
- Advanced Instrumentation Research Facility Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi 110067 India
| | - Manisha Sengar
- Department of Zoology, Deshbandhu College University of Delhi, Kalkaji New Delhi 110019 India
| | - Pratibha Kumari
- Bio-organic material research laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Deshbandhu College University of Delhi, Kalkaji New Delhi 110019 India
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Heterostructured Photocatalysts Associating ZnO Nanorods and Ag-In-Zn-S Quantum Dots for the Visible Light-Driven Photocatalytic Degradation of the Acid Orange 7 Dye. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12121585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterostructured photocatalysts associating ZnO nanorods (NRs) sensitized by quaternary Ag-In-Zn-S (AIZS) quantum dots (QDs) were prepared by depositing AIZS QDs at the surface of ZnO NRs followed by thermal treatment at 300 °C. The ZnO/AIZS catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, UV-vis diffuse spectroscopy and by photoelectrochemical measurements. Their photocatalytic activity was evaluated for the bleaching of the Acid Orange 7 (AO7) dye under visible light irradiation. Results show that the association of ZnO NRs with 10 wt% AIZS QDs affords the photocatalyst the highest activity due to the enhanced visible light absorption combined with the improved charge separation. The ZnO/AIZS(10) photocatalyst degrades 98% AO7 in 90 min under visible light illumination, while ZnO NRs can only decompose 11% of the dye. The ZnO/AIZS(10) photocatalyst was also found to be stable and can be reused up to eight times without significant alteration of its activity. This work demonstrates the high potential of AIZS QDs for the development of visible light active photocatalysts.
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Pham XN, Vu VT, Nguyen HVT, Nguyen TTB, Doan HV. Designing a novel heterostructure AgInS 2@MIL-101(Cr) photocatalyst from PET plastic waste for tetracycline degradation. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:3600-3608. [PMID: 36134359 PMCID: PMC9400168 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00371f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor-containing porous materials with a well-defined structure could be unique scaffolds for carrying out selective organic transformations driven by visible light. We herein introduce for the first time a heterostructure of silver indium sulfide (AgInS2) ternary chalcogenide and a highly porous MIL-101(Cr) metal-organic framework (MOF) synthesised from polyethylene terephthalate plastic waste. Our results demonstrate that AgInS2 nanoparticles were uniformly attached to each lattice plane of the octahedral MIL-101(Cr) structure, resulting in a nanocomposite with a high distribution of semiconductors in a porous media. We also demonstrate that the nanocomposite with up to 40% of AgInS2 doping exhibited excellent catalytic activity for tetracycline degradation under visible light irradiation (∼99% tetracycline degraded after 4 h) and predominantly maintained its performance after five cycles. These results could promote a new material circularity pathway to develop new semiconductors that can be used to protect water from further pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan N Pham
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology 18 Pho Vien, Duc Thang, Bac Tu Liem Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Van-Tai Vu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology 18 Pho Vien, Duc Thang, Bac Tu Liem Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Hong Van T Nguyen
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Hanoi Vietnam
- Institute of Environment, Vietnam Maritime University 484 Lach Tray, Le Chan Haiphong Vietnam
| | - T-Thanh-Bao Nguyen
- Institute of Physics, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology 18C Hoang Quoc Viet Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Huan V Doan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology 18 Pho Vien, Duc Thang, Bac Tu Liem Hanoi Vietnam
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TS UK
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8
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Liu Y, Zheng X, Yang Y, Li J, Liu W, Shen Y, Tian X. Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Using Ternary‐Metal‐Sulfide/TiO
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Heterojunction Photocatalysts. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202101439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chemistry School of Science Hainan University Haikou 570228 P. R. China
| | - Xinlong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chemistry School of Science Hainan University Haikou 570228 P. R. China
- Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College Hainan University Haikou 570228 P. R. China
| | - Yingjie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chemistry School of Science Hainan University Haikou 570228 P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chemistry School of Science Hainan University Haikou 570228 P. R. China
| | - Weifeng Liu
- Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College Hainan University Haikou 570228 P. R. China
| | - Yijun Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chemistry School of Science Hainan University Haikou 570228 P. R. China
| | - Xinlong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chemistry School of Science Hainan University Haikou 570228 P. R. China
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Huang C, Liu Y, Sun Y, Wang F, Ge S, Yu J. Cathode-Anode Spatial Division Photoelectrochemical Platform Based on a One-Step DNA Walker for Monitoring of miRNA-21. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:35389-35396. [PMID: 34291635 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c08416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensors carried out the whole reaction process in the same solution, which would limit the sensitivity and selectivity of detection in the sensing system. Herein, we reported a promising new cathode-anode spatial division PEC platform based on the two-electrode synergistic enhancement strategy. With the photoanode and photocathode integrated in the same current circuit, the platform exhibited an increased photocurrent response, as well as an improved anti-interference ability led by separating the two electrodes spatially. In this proposal, red light-driven AgInS2 nanoparticles (NPs) served as the photoanode to build biometric steps and amplify the signal, whereas p-type PbS quantum dots were selected as the photocathode to increase the signal. With the participation of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) labeled on Au NPs-DNA, ascorbic acid 2-phosphate was catalyzed to produce ascorbic acid as an electron donor, resulting in the enhancement of the PEC signal. Interestingly, in the presence of miRNA-21 and T7 Exo, the one-step DNA walker amplification can be triggered to reduce the PEC signal by releasing ALP-Au NP-DNA. The constructed PEC biosensor exhibited a detection limit of as low as 3.4 fM for miRNA-21, which was expected to be applied to early clinical diagnosis. Also, we believe that the proposed cathode-anode spatial division PEC platform can open up a new view for the establishment of other types of PEC biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Huang
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P.R. China
| | - Yunqing Liu
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P.R. China
| | - Yina Sun
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P.R. China
| | - Fengyi Wang
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P.R. China
| | - Shenguang Ge
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P.R. China
| | - Jinghua Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P.R. China
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10
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Padmanabhan NT, Thomas N, Louis J, Mathew DT, Ganguly P, John H, Pillai SC. Graphene coupled TiO 2 photocatalysts for environmental applications: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 271:129506. [PMID: 33445017 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured photocatalysts have always offered opportunities to solve issues concerned with the environmental challenges caused by rapid urbanization and industrialization. These materials, due to their tunable physicochemical characteristics, are capable of providing a clean and sustainable ecosystem to humanity. One of the current thriving research focuses of visible-light-driven photocatalysts is on the nanocomposites of titanium dioxide (TiO2) with carbon nanostructures, especially graphene. Coupling TiO2 with graphene has proven more active by photocatalysis than TiO2 alone. It is generally considered that graphene sheets act as an electron acceptor facilitating the transfer and separation of photogenerated electrons during TiO2 excitation, thereby reducing electron-hole recombination. This study briefly reviews the fundamental mechanism and interfacial charge-transfer dynamics in TiO2/graphene nanocomposites. Design strategies of various graphene-based hybrids are highlighted along with some specialized synthetic routes adopted to attain preferred properties. Importantly, the enhancing interfacial charge transfer of photogenerated e¯CB through the graphene layers by morphology orientation of TiO2, predominated exposure of their high energy crystal facets, defect engineering, enhancing catalytic sites in graphene, constructing dedicated architectures, tuning the nanomaterial dimensionality at the interface, and employing the synergism adopted through various modifications, are systematically compiled. Portraying the significance of these photocatalytic hybrids in environmental remediation, important applications including air and water purification, self-cleaning surfaces, H2 production, and CO2 reduction to desired fuels, are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha T Padmanabhan
- Department of Polymer Science and Rubber Technology, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kerala, India
| | - Nishanth Thomas
- Nanotechnology and Bio-engineering Research Group, Department of Environmental Science, Institute of Technology Sligo, Sligo, Ireland; Centre for Precision Engineering, Materials and Manufacturing Research (PEM), Institute of Technology Sligo, Sligo, Ireland
| | - Jesna Louis
- Department of Polymer Science and Rubber Technology, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kerala, India; Inter University Centre for Nanomaterials and Devices, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kerala, India
| | - Dhanu Treasa Mathew
- Department of Polymer Science and Rubber Technology, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kerala, India
| | - Priyanka Ganguly
- Nanotechnology and Bio-engineering Research Group, Department of Environmental Science, Institute of Technology Sligo, Sligo, Ireland; Centre for Precision Engineering, Materials and Manufacturing Research (PEM), Institute of Technology Sligo, Sligo, Ireland
| | - Honey John
- Department of Polymer Science and Rubber Technology, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kerala, India; Inter University Centre for Nanomaterials and Devices, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kerala, India
| | - Suresh C Pillai
- Nanotechnology and Bio-engineering Research Group, Department of Environmental Science, Institute of Technology Sligo, Sligo, Ireland; Centre for Precision Engineering, Materials and Manufacturing Research (PEM), Institute of Technology Sligo, Sligo, Ireland.
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Abstract
Chalcogenides and chalcogenide-based heterostructures as photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashmalina Rahman
- Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, BE 1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Mohammad Mansoob Khan
- Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, BE 1410, Brunei Darussalam
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12
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Yao X, Hu X, Liu Y, Wang X, Hong X, Chen X, Pillai SC, Dionysiou DD, Wang D. Simultaneous photocatalytic degradation of ibuprofen and H 2 evolution over Au/sheaf-like TiO 2 mesocrystals. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 261:127759. [PMID: 32731028 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Considerable effort has been devoted to the efficient degradation of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), while the chemical energy in these processes has been widely overlooked. In this study, we demonstrated the simultaneous hydrogen production and ibuprofen degradation through heterogeneous photocatalysis. By anchoring Au nanoparticles (NPs) on the (101) surface of sheaf-like TiO2 mesocrystals with [001] orientation, efficient charge separation is achieved, which is essential for the photocatalytic redox reactions. XPS analysis showed that the binding energies of Ti 2p and O 1s indicated no shift after Au addition. Peaks observed at 81.8 and 85.5 eV due to Au 4f7/2 and Au 4f5/2 of metallic gold on the surface of Au/meso-TiO2, confirmed the formation of Au NPs. The as-synthesized anatase TiO2 mesocrystals are composed of small nanocrystals with a size of 8 nm and exhibit the uniform sheaf-like morphology along [001] orientation. As expected, the 1 wt% Au/TiO2 mesocrystals shows the largest photocurrent density, highest H2-evolution rate, and fastest photodegradation rate of ibuprofen under simulated sunlight irradiation among all the studied catalyst. Furthermore, the effect of solution pH, common anions (Cl-, NO3-, and SO42-) and cations (Na+, K+, and Ca2+) on photocatalytic H2 evolution and degradation of ibuprofen were individually investigated and discussed. A mechanism for the simultaneous photocatalytic hydrogen generation and degradation of ibuprofen has also been proposed. This work opens up new opportunities for the development of energy efficient techniques for PPCPs degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaxi Yao
- School of Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500, PR China
| | - Xiuli Hu
- School of Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500, PR China
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500, PR China
| | - Xuhong Wang
- School of Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500, PR China
| | - Xuekun Hong
- School of Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500, PR China
| | - Xuefeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials and Devices, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
| | - Suresh C Pillai
- Nanotechnology and Bio-Engineering Research Division, Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Institute of Technology Sligo, Ash Lane, Sligo, Ireland
| | - Dionysios D Dionysiou
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA
| | - Dawei Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA; Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
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