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Ma Z, Feng J, Huo S, Sun Z, Bourbigot S, Wang H, Gao J, Tang LC, Zheng W, Song P. Mussel-Inspired, Self-Healing, Highly Effective Fully Polymeric Fire-Retardant Coatings Enabled by Group Synergy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2410453. [PMID: 39212641 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202410453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Fire-retardant coatings represent a universal cost-effective approach to providing fire protection for various substrates without compromising substrates' bulk properties. However, it has been attractive yet highly challenging to create waterborne polymeric fire-retardant coatings combining high-efficiency, generally strong adhesion, and self-repairability due to a lack of rational design principles. Inspired by mussel's unique adhesive, self-healing, and char-forming mechanisms, herein, a "group synergy" design strategy is proposed to realize the combination of self-healing, strong adhesion, and high efficiency in a fully polymeric fire-retardant coating via multiple synergies between catechol, phosphonic, and hydroxyethyl groups. As-created fire-retardant coating exhibits a rapid room-temperature self-healing ability and strong adhesion to (non)polar substrates due to multiple dynamic non-covalent interactions enabled by these groups. Because these functional groups enable the formation of a robust structurally intact yet slightly expanded char layer upon exposure to flame, a 200 µm-thick such coating can make extremely flammable polystyrene foam very difficult to ignite and self-extinguishing, which far outperforms previous strategies. Moreover, this coating can provide universal exceptional fire protection for a variety of substrates from polymer foams, and timber, to fabric and steel. This work presents a promising material design principle to create next-generation sustainable high-performance fire-retardant coatings for general fire protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhewen Ma
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China
| | - Jiabing Feng
- Centre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, 4300, Australia
| | - Siqi Huo
- Centre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, 4300, Australia
| | - Ziqi Sun
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, 4000, Australia
| | - Serge Bourbigot
- ENSCL, UMR 8207 - UMET - Unité Matériaux et Transformations, Univ. Lille, 42 rue Paul. Duez, Lille, 59000, France
| | - Hao Wang
- Centre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, 4300, Australia
| | - Jiefeng Gao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China
| | - Long-Cheng Tang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China
| | - Pingan Song
- Centre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, 4300, Australia
- School of Agriculture and Environmental Science, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, 4300, Australia
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2
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Li M, Zhu Z, Jiao R, Chen Y, Cao X, Sun H, Li J, Li A. Preparation of DOPO-KH550 modified hollow glass microspheres/PVA composite aerogel for thermal insulation and flame retardancy. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 654:719-730. [PMID: 37866044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.10.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
The creation of high-performance thermal insulation and flame-retardant materials is of great importance for minimizing energy consumption and reducing fire risk for modern buildings. Herein, we report the creation of a new composite aerogel, which was prepared by incorporation of 9,10-Dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene 10-Oxide-3-Aminopropyl triethoxysilane (DOPO-KH550) modified hollow glass microspheres (HGM) into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) using citric acid as a cross-linker, as a kind of thermal insulation and flame retardant materials (abbreviated as PVA-DKHGM). The as-synthesized PVA-DKHGM composite exhibits superior thermal conductivity of 0.0187 W m-1 K-1, owing to the hollow structure of the hollow glass microspheres and rich porosity. Besides, it reaches V-0 level at the UL-94 test and the peak heat release rate (pHRR) was measured to be 114.93 (kW/m2) which is lower than most composites now. These results are attributed to the synergy effect of the hollow glass microsphere and DOPO-KH550 which offers the composites aerogel excellent flame retardancy. Owing to its advantages such as lightweight, highly porous, thermally stable, simple to prepare, high mechanical strength, and can be further scaled up, our PVA-DKHGM aerogel may hold great potential for practical applications in construction of energy-saving modern buildings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Langongping Road 287, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Zhaoqi Zhu
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Langongping Road 287, Lanzhou 730050, PR China.
| | - Rui Jiao
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Langongping Road 287, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Yanjun Chen
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Langongping Road 287, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Xiaoyin Cao
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Langongping Road 287, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Hanxue Sun
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Langongping Road 287, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Jiyan Li
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Langongping Road 287, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - An Li
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Langongping Road 287, Lanzhou 730050, PR China.
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3
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Ji Z, Ma J, Wang H, Fei G, Cui M, Li Z, Wang C, Zhang G, Shao L. The Effect of MgAl-LDH/APP Distribution Control in the Closed-Cell Structure of SBR/EVA Foam on Flame Retardance and Mechanical Properties. Polym Degrad Stab 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2023.110354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
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4
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Comprehensive Review of Recent Research Advances on Flame-Retardant Coatings for Building Materials: Chemical Ingredients, Micromorphology, and Processing Techniques. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041842. [PMID: 36838828 PMCID: PMC9962387 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Developing fire-retardant building materials is vital in reducing fire loss. The design and preparation of novel fire-retardant coatings merely require the adhesion of flame retardants with high fire-retardant characteristics on the surface, which is significantly more economical than adding excessive amounts of flame retardants into bulk building materials. Meanwhile, fire-retardant coating has excellent performance because it can block the self-sustaining mechanisms of heat and mass transfer over combustion interfaces. In recent years, research of fire-retardant coatings for building materials has been subject to rapid development, and a variety of novel environmentally benign fire-retardant coatings have been reported. Nonetheless, as the surface characteristics of various flammable building materials are contrastively different, selecting chemical ingredients and controlling the physical morphology of fire-retardant coatings for specific building materials is rather complicated. Thus, it is urgent to review the ideas and preparation methods for new fire-retardant coatings. This paper summarizes the latest research progress of fire-retardant building materials, focusing on the compositions and performances of fire-retardant coatings, as well as the principles of their bottom-up design and preparation methods on the surface of building materials.
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5
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Dong S, Wang Y, Lan T, Wang J, Zu L, Xiao T, Yang Y, Wang J. Synthesis of High-Molecular-Weight Bifunctional Additives with both Flame Retardant Properties and Antistatic Properties via ATRP. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:44287-44297. [PMID: 36506206 PMCID: PMC9730767 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Polystyrene (PS) is widely used in our daily life, but it is flammable and produces a large number of toxic gases and high-temperature flue gases in the combustion process, which limit its application. Improving the flame retardancy of PS has become an urgent problem to be solved. In addition, in view of the disadvantage that small-molecule flame retardants can easily migrate from polymers during use, which leads to the gradual reduction of the flame retardant effect or even loss of flame retardant performance, and the outstanding advantages of ATRP technology in polymer structure design and function customization, we used ATRP technology to synthesize the high-molecular-weight bifunctional additive PFAA-DOPO-b-PDEAEMA, which has flame retardant properties and antistatic properties. The chemical structure and molecular weight of PFAA-DOPO-b-PDEAEMA were characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR, GPC, and XPS. When the addition of PFAA-DOPO-b-PDEAEMA was 15 wt %, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of polystyrene composites was 28.4%, which was 53.51% higher than that of pure polystyrene, the peak of the heat release rate (pHRR) was 37.61% lower than that of pure polystyrene, UL-94 reached V-0 grade, and the flame retardant index (FRI) was 2.98. In addition, when the PFAA-DOPO-b-PDEEMA content is 15 wt %, the surface resistivity and volume resistivity of polystyrene composites are 2 orders of magnitude lower than those of polystyrene. This research work provides a reference for the design of bifunctional and even multifunctional polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaobo Dong
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northeast
Petroleum University, Daqing163318, People’s Republic
of China
- Heilongjiang
Province Key Laboratory of Polymeric Composition Material, College
of Materials Science and Engineering, Qiqihar
University, Qiqihar161006, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Yazhen Wang
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northeast
Petroleum University, Daqing163318, People’s Republic
of China
- Heilongjiang
Province Key Laboratory of Polymeric Composition Material, College
of Materials Science and Engineering, Qiqihar
University, Qiqihar161006, People’s Republic
of China
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin150040, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianyu Lan
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northeast
Petroleum University, Daqing163318, People’s Republic
of China
- Heilongjiang
Province Key Laboratory of Polymeric Composition Material, College
of Materials Science and Engineering, Qiqihar
University, Qiqihar161006, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- Heilongjiang
Province Key Laboratory of Polymeric Composition Material, College
of Materials Science and Engineering, Qiqihar
University, Qiqihar161006, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Liwu Zu
- Heilongjiang
Province Key Laboratory of Polymeric Composition Material, College
of Materials Science and Engineering, Qiqihar
University, Qiqihar161006, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Tianyuan Xiao
- College
of Light Industry and Textile, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar161006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yonghui Yang
- Heilongjiang
Province Key Laboratory of Polymeric Composition Material, College
of Materials Science and Engineering, Qiqihar
University, Qiqihar161006, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Jun Wang
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northeast
Petroleum University, Daqing163318, People’s Republic
of China
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Understanding the Influence of Gypsum upon a Hybrid Flame Retardant Coating on Expanded Polystyrene Beads. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14173570. [PMID: 36080646 PMCID: PMC9460870 DOI: 10.3390/polym14173570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A low-cost and effective flame retarding expanded polystyrene (EPS) foam was prepared herein by using a hybrid flame retardant (HFR) system, and the influence of gypsum was studied. The surface morphology and flame retardant properties of the synthesized flame retardant EPS were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and cone calorimetry testing (CCT). The SEM micrographs revealed the uniform coating of the gypsum-based HFR on the EPS microspheres. The CCT and thermal conductivity study demonstrated that the incorporation of gypsum greatly decreases the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) of the flame retarding EPS samples with acceptable thermal insulation performance. The EPS/HFR with a uniform coating and the optimum amount of gypsum provides excellent flame retardant performance, with a THR of 8 MJ/m2, a PHRR of 53.1 kW/m2, and a fire growth rate (FIGRA) of 1682.95 W/m2s. However, an excessive amount of gypsum weakens the flame retardant performance. The CCT results demonstrate that a moderate gypsum content in the EPS/HFR sample provides appropriate flame retarding properties to meet the fire safety standards.
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7
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The effects of aluminum and silicon phosphates on thermal stability and flammability of polystyrene. J CHEM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-021-02006-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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8
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Improving the flame retardancy and accelerating the degradation of poly (lactic acid) in soil by introducing fully bio-based additives. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 193:44-52. [PMID: 34695492 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a novel bio-based flame retardant LC-PA is prepared by the Mannich reaction between phytic acid (PA) and L-citrulline (LC). LC-PA is combined with tannic acid (TA) and introduced into PLA to improve fire performance and accelerate biodegradability. Compared with control PLA, the PLA composite containing 10% LC-PA/TA increases the LOI value to 26.9%, reaches a V-0 rating in the UL-94 test, and reduces the peak heat release rate and total heat release by 24.5% and 21.1%, respectively. More importantly, the introduction of LC-PA/TA accelerates the degradation rate of PLA in soil, which is of significance for biodegradable materials. The addition of LC-PA/TA can attract water and provide a suitable energy source for microbial proliferation, accelerating the hydrolysis and microbial degradation of PLA. This work provides a practical approach for high flame retardancy and rapid biodegradability in the soil to the bio-based polymer.
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9
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Wang L, Xiao W, Zhang Z, Xu B, Liang J, Cao X, Zhao S, Cui J, Gao A, Zhang G, Yan Y. Facile preparation of high-performance and multifunctional PVC-based nanocomposites with segregated structure achieved by volume repulsion and toughening effects of ABS. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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10
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Zhou Y, Lin Y, Tawiah B, Sun J, Yuen RKK, Fei B. DOPO-Decorated Two-Dimensional MXene Nanosheets for Flame-Retardant, Ultraviolet-Protective, and Reinforced Polylactide Composites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:21876-21887. [PMID: 33939405 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c05587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a novel and facile strategy for fabricating fire-resistant, ultraviolet (UV)-shielding, and tensile-enhanced polylactide (PLA) composites using two-dimensional (2D) MXene (Ti3C2) flakes chemically modified with 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO). The thermal and burning performances of PLA composites were demonstrated by the limiting oxygen index, UL-94 test, and cone calorimetry. The UV-shielding and tensile performances were also examined. The results revealed that PLA/Ti3C2-DOPO (3 wt %) displayed a V-0 rating in the UL-94 test. The enhancement against fire hazard was reflected by the significant reduction in the peak heat release rate (33.7%), total heat release (47%), peak CO production (58.8%), and total smoke production (41.7%). The improved fire-safety performance of the composites is attributed to the interplay of catalytic, barrier, and condensed effects of the Ti3C2-DOPO nanosheets in the PLA matrix. PLA/Ti3C2-DOPO also showed an increase (∼9%) in tensile strength and an "Excellent" level (UPF 50+) in the UV-protection assessment. In all, this study introduces a novel chemical modification strategy for 2D MXene flakes to fabricate multifunctional PLA composites, which are promising candidates for next-generation sustainable and protective plastic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Zhou
- Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Centre of Micro/Nano Manufacturing Technology (MNMT-Dublin), School of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin D04 KW52, Ireland
| | - Yichao Lin
- Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Benjamin Tawiah
- Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of Industrial Art (Textiles), Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi 00000, Ghana
| | - Jun Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Richard K K Yuen
- Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Bin Fei
- Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
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11
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Kim Y, Lee S, Yoon H. Fire-Safe Polymer Composites: Flame-Retardant Effect of Nanofillers. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:540. [PMID: 33673106 PMCID: PMC7918670 DOI: 10.3390/polym13040540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, polymers are competing with metals and ceramics to realize various material characteristics, including mechanical and electrical properties. However, most polymers consist of organic matter, making them vulnerable to flames and high-temperature conditions. In addition, the combustion of polymers consisting of different types of organic matter results in various gaseous hazards. Therefore, to minimize the fire damage, there has been a significant demand for developing polymers that are fire resistant or flame retardant. From this viewpoint, it is crucial to design and synthesize thermally stable polymers that are less likely to decompose into combustible gaseous species under high-temperature conditions. Flame retardants can also be introduced to further reinforce the fire performance of polymers. In this review, the combustion process of organic matter, types of flame retardants, and common flammability testing methods are reviewed. Furthermore, the latest research trends in the use of versatile nanofillers to enhance the fire performance of polymeric materials are discussed with an emphasis on their underlying action, advantages, and disadvantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukyung Kim
- R&D Laboratory: Korea Fire Institute, 331 Jisam-ro, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17088, Korea;
| | - Sanghyuck Lee
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Graduate School, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Hyeonseok Yoon
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Graduate School, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea
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Wang J, Tang H, Yu X, Xu J, Pan Z, Zhou H. Reactive organophosphorus flame retardant for transparency, low‐flammability, and mechanical reinforcement epoxy resin. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Technology Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan China
| | - Hao Tang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Technology Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan China
| | - Xuejun Yu
- National Phosphorus Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, Three Gorges Public Inspection and Testing Center Yichang China
| | - Jin Xu
- Institue of Pharmaceutical Science King's College London UK
| | - Zhiquan Pan
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Technology Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan China
| | - Hong Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Technology Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan China
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13
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Lai S, Chen G, Hu W, Liu B, Yang X, Gao K. Preparation and performance of DOPO-nano-SiO 2 modified polyacrylic acid-based flame retardant dust suppressant for coal. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02983e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Based on the synergy of N, P and Si, a type of soft-film flame retardant dust suppressant for coal with both flame-retardant and dust-suppression functions was prepared, aiming to slow down spontaneous coal combustion and coal dust pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuili Lai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, People's Republic of China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Gong Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, People's Republic of China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Hu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, People's Republic of China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Baojian Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, People's Republic of China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, People's Republic of China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Gao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, People's Republic of China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, 710021, People's Republic of China
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14
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Ma D, Hu S, Chen S, Pan J, Tu S, Yin Y, Gao Y, Zhao Y. Palladium-Catalyzed Addition/Cyclization of (2-Hydroxyaryl)boronic Acids with Alkynylphosphonates: Access to Phosphacoumarins. Org Lett 2020; 22:8156-8160. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dumei Ma
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Shanshan Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Sirui Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Jiaoting Pan
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Song Tu
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Yingwu Yin
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Yuxing Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Yufen Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
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15
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Baby A, Tretsiakova-McNally S, Arun M, Joseph P, Zhang J. Reactive and Additive Modifications of Styrenic Polymers with Phosphorus-Containing Compounds and Their Effects on Fire Retardance. Molecules 2020; 25:E3779. [PMID: 32825185 PMCID: PMC7504409 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Polystyrene, despite its high flammability, is widely used as a thermal insulation material for buildings, for food packaging, in electrical and automotive industries, etc. A number of modification routes have been explored to improve the fire retardance and boost the thermal stability of commercially important styrene-based polymeric products. The earlier strategies mostly involved the use of halogenated fire retardants. Nowadays, these compounds are considered to be persistent pollutants that are hazardous to public and environmental health. Many well-known halogen-based fire retardants, regardless of their chemical structures and modes of action, have been withdrawn from built environments in the European Union, USA, and Canada. This had triggered a growing research interest in, and an industrial demand for, halogen-free alternatives, which not only will reduce the flammability but also address toxicity and bioaccumulation issues. Among the possible options, phosphorus-containing compounds have received greater attention due to their excellent fire-retarding efficiencies and environmentally friendly attributes. Numerous reports were also published on reactive and additive modifications of polystyrene in different forms, particularly in the last decade; hence, the current article aims to provide a critical review of these publications. The authors mainly intend to focus on the chemistries of phosphorous compounds, with the P atom being in different chemical environments, used either as reactive, or additive, fire retardants in styrene-based materials. The chemical pathways and possible mechanisms behind the fire retardance are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aloshy Baby
- Belfast School of Architecture and the Built Environment, Ulster University, Newtownabbey BT37 0QB, UK; (A.B.); (J.Z.)
| | - Svetlana Tretsiakova-McNally
- Belfast School of Architecture and the Built Environment, Ulster University, Newtownabbey BT37 0QB, UK; (A.B.); (J.Z.)
| | - Malavika Arun
- Institute of Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne 8001, Victoria, Australia; (M.A.); (P.J.)
| | - Paul Joseph
- Institute of Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne 8001, Victoria, Australia; (M.A.); (P.J.)
| | - Jianping Zhang
- Belfast School of Architecture and the Built Environment, Ulster University, Newtownabbey BT37 0QB, UK; (A.B.); (J.Z.)
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