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Sabadini JB, Oliveira CLP, Loh W. Do ethoxylated polymeric coacervate micelles respond to temperature similarly to ethoxylated surfactant aggregates? J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 678:1012-1021. [PMID: 39232474 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.08.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Ethoxylated complex coacervate core micelles (C3Ms), formed by the electrostatic coacervation of a charge-neutral diblock copolymer and an oppositely charged homopolymer, exhibit morphology governed by molecular packing principles. Additionally, this morphology is temperature-dependent, leading to transitions similar to those observed in classical ethoxylated surfactant aggregates. EXPERIMENTS To explore the thermal effects on the size and morphology of C3Ms, we employed dynamic light scattering (DLS), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM). These techniques were applied to C3Ms formed by copolymers with varying poly(ethylene oxide) (EO) lengths. FINDINGS Increasing the temperature-induced a transition from spherical to elongated aggregates, contingent on the EO block length. This morphological transition in EO-containing C3Ms parallels the behavior of classical ethoxylated surfactant aggregates. Despite the fundamental differences between hydrophobically driven and electrostatic coacervate micelles, our findings suggest that similar molecular packing principles are universally applicable across both systems. Our results offer valuable insights for predicting the structural properties of these coacervate platforms, which is crucial for envisioning their future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Bonesso Sabadini
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O Box 6154, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Watson Loh
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O Box 6154, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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2
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Vitorazi L, Berret JF. Mixing Order Asymmetry in Nanoparticle-Polymer Complexation and Precipitation Revealed by Isothermal Titration Calorimetry. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:7859-7870. [PMID: 39102566 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c02484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a renewed interest in complex coacervation, driven by concerted efforts to offer novel experimental and theoretical insights into electrostatic charge-induced association. While previous studies have primarily focused on polyelectrolytes, proteins, or surfactants, our work explores the potential of using cerium (CeO2) and iron (γ-Fe2O3) oxide nanoparticles (NPs) to develop innovative nanomaterials. By combining various charged species, such as polyelectrolytes, charged neutral block copolymers, and coated NPs, we study a wide variety of complexation patterns and compare them using isothermal titration calorimetry, light scattering, and microscopy. These techniques confirm that the titration of oppositely charged species occurs in two steps: the formation of polyelectrolyte complexes and subsequent phase (or microphase) separation, depending on the system studied. Across all examined cases, the entropic contribution to the total free energy surpasses the enthalpic contribution, in agreement with counterion release mechanisms. Furthermore, our investigation reveals a consistent asymmetry in the reaction enthalpy associated with the secondary process, with exothermic profiles observed upon the addition of cationic species to anionic ones and endothermic profiles in the reverse case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Vitorazi
- CNRS, Matière et Systèmes Complexes, Université Paris Cité, 75013 Paris, France
- Laboratório de Polímeros, Nanomateriais e Química Supramolecular, EEIMVR, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Avenida dos Trabalhadores, 420, Volta Redonda, RJ CEP 27225-125, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Metalúrgica, EEIMVR, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Avenida dos Trabalhadores, 420, Volta Redonda, RJ CEP 27225-125, Brazil
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3
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Oliveira MCS, Nascimento DM, Ferreira ES, Bernardes JS. Combining and concentrating nanocelluloses for cryogels with remarkable strength and wet resilience. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 330:121740. [PMID: 38368119 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Cellulose cryogels are promising eco-friendly materials that exhibit low density, high porosity, and renewability. However, the applications of these materials are limited by their lower mechanical and water resistance compared to petrochemical-based lightweight materials. In this work, nanocelluloses were functionalized with cationic and anionic groups, and these nanomaterials were combined to obtain strong and water-resilient cryogels. To prepare the cryogels, anionic and cationic micro- and nanofibrils (CNFs) were produced at three different sizes and combined in various weight ratios, forming electrostatic complexes. The complex phase was concentrated by centrifugation and freeze-dried. Porous and open cellular structures were assembled in all compositions tested (porosity >90 %). Compressive testing revealed that the most resistant cryogels (1.7 MPa) were obtained with equivalent amounts of negatively and positively charged CNFs with lengths between 100 and 1200 nm. The strength at this condition was achieved as CNF electrostatic complexes assembled in thick cells, as observed by synchrotron X-ray tomography. In addition to mechanical strength, electrostatic complexation provided remarkable structural stability in water for the CNF cryogels, without compromising their biodegradability. This route by electrostatic complexation is a practical strategy to combine and concentrate nanocelluloses to tailor biodegradable lightweight materials with high strength and wet stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C S Oliveira
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Diego M Nascimento
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Elisa S Ferreira
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Juliana S Bernardes
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil; Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André, Brazil.
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4
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Sabadini JB, Oliveira CLP, Loh W. Assessing the Structure and Equilibrium Conditions of Complex Coacervate Core Micelles by Varying Their Shell Composition and Medium Ionic Strength. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:2015-2027. [PMID: 38240211 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Complex coacervates result from an associative phase separation commonly involving oppositely charged polyelectrolytes. When this associative interaction occurs between charged-neutral diblock copolymers and oppositely charged homopolymers, a nanometric aggregate called a complex coacervate core micelle, C3M, is formed. Recent studies have addressed the issue of their thermodynamic or kinetic stability but without a clear consensus. To further investigate this issue, we have studied C3Ms formed by the combination of poly(diallyldimethylammonium) and copolymer poly(acrylamide)-b-poly(acrylate) using different preparation protocols. Dynamic light scattering and small-angle X-ray scattering measurements suggest that these structures are in an equilibrium condition because the aggregates do not vary with different preparation protocols or upon aging. In addition, their stability and structures are critically dependent on several parameters such as the density of neutral blocks in their shell and the ionic strength of the medium. Decreasing the amount of copolymer in the system and, hence, the density of neutral blocks in the shell results in an increase in the aggregate size because of the core growth, although their globular shape is retained. On the other hand, larger clusters of micelles were formed at higher ionic strengths. Partially replacing 77% of the copolymer with a homopolymer of the same charge or increasing the ionic strength of the system (above 100 mmol L-1 NaCl) leads to a metastable state, after which phase separation is eventually observed. SAXS analyses reveal that this phase separation above a certain salt concentration occurs due to the coagulation of individual micelles that seem to retain their individual globular structures. Overall, these results confirm earlier claims that equilibrium C3Ms are achieved close to 1:1 charge stoichiometry but also reveal that these conditions may vary at different shell densities or higher ionic strengths, which constitute vital information for envisioning future applications of C3Ms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Bonesso Sabadini
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O. Box 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Watson Loh
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O. Box 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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5
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Casey-Power S, Vardar C, Ryan R, Behl G, McLoughlin P, Byrne ME, Fitzhenry L. NAD+-associated-hyaluronic acid and poly(L-lysine) polyelectrolyte complexes: An evaluation of their potential for ocular drug delivery. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 192:62-78. [PMID: 37797681 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
This study details the formation and characterisation of a novel nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-associated polymeric nanoparticle system. The development of a polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) composed of two natural polyelectrolytes, hyaluronic acid and poly(L-lysine), and an evaluation of its suitability for NAD+ ocular delivery, primarily based on its physicochemical properties and in vitro release profile under physiological ocular flow rates, were of key focus. Following optimisation of formulation method conditions such as complexation pH, mode of addition, and charge ratio, the PEC was successfully formulated under mild formulation conditions via polyelectrolyte complexation. With a size of 235.1 ± 19.0 nm, a PDI value of 0.214 ± 0.140, and a zeta potential value of - 38.0 ± 1.1 mV, the chosen PEC, loaded with 430 µg of NAD+ per mg of PEC, exhibited non-Fickian, sustained release at physiological flowrates of 10.9 ± 0.2 mg of NAD+ over 14 h. PECs containing up to 200 µM of NAD+ did not induce any significant cytotoxic effects on an immortalised human corneal epithelial cell line. Using fluorescent labeling, the NAD+-associated PECs demonstrated retention within the corneal epithelium layer of a porcine model up to 6 h post incubation under physiological conditions. A study of the physicochemical behaviour of the PECs, in terms of size, zeta potential and NAD+ complexation in response to environmental stimuli,highlighted the dynamic nature of the PEC matrix and its dependence on both pH and ionic condition. Considering the successful formation of reproducible NAD+-associated PECs with suitable characteristics for ocular drug delivery via an inexpensive formulation method, they provide a promising platform for NAD+ ocular delivery with a strong potential to improve ocular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saoirse Casey-Power
- Ocular Therapeutics Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre, Waterford Campus, South East Technological University, Waterford X91 K0EK, Ireland.
| | - Camila Vardar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan-Virtua School of Translational Biomedical Engineering & Sciences, Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Road, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
| | - Richie Ryan
- Ocular Therapeutics Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre, Waterford Campus, South East Technological University, Waterford X91 K0EK, Ireland.
| | - Gautam Behl
- EirGen Pharma, UNIT 64/64A, Westside Business Park, Old Kilmeaden Road, Co. Waterford X91 YV67, Ireland.
| | - Peter McLoughlin
- Ocular Therapeutics Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre, Waterford Campus, South East Technological University, Waterford X91 K0EK, Ireland.
| | - Mark E Byrne
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan-Virtua School of Translational Biomedical Engineering & Sciences, Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Road, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Road, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
| | - Laurence Fitzhenry
- Ocular Therapeutics Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre, Waterford Campus, South East Technological University, Waterford X91 K0EK, Ireland.
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6
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Chi K, He J, Lin WS, Bokhari SMQ, Catchmark JM. Electrostatically Complexed Natural Polysaccharides as Aqueous Barrier Coatings for Sustainable and Recyclable Fiber-Based Packaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:12248-12260. [PMID: 36848253 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c17886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Driven by the ever-growing awareness of sustainability and circular economy, renewable, biodegradable, and recyclable fiber-based packaging materials are emerging as alternatives to fossil-derived, nonbiodegradable single-use plastics for the packaging industry. However, without functional barrier coatings, the water/moisture vulnerability and high permeability of fiber-based packaging significantly restrain its broader application as primary packaging for food, beverages, and drugs. Herein, we develop waterborne complex dispersion barrier coatings consisting of natural, biodegradable polysaccharides (i.e., chitosan and carboxymethyl cellulose) through a scalable, one-pot mechanochemical pathway. By tailoring the electrostatic complexation, the key element to form a highly crosslinked and interpenetrated polymer network structure, we formulate complex dispersion barrier coatings with excellent film-forming property and adaptable solid-viscosity profiles suitable for paperboard and molded pulp substrates. Our complex dispersions enable the formation of a uniform, defect-free, and integrated coating layer, leading to a remarkable oil and grease barrier and efficient water/moisture sensitivity reduction while still exhibiting excellent recyclability profile of the resulting fiber-based substrates. This natural, biorenewable, and repulpable barrier coating is a promising candidate to serve as a sustainable option for fiber-based packaging intended for the food and food service packaging industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chi
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Jiamu He
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Wei-Shu Lin
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Syed M Q Bokhari
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Jeffrey M Catchmark
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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7
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Quadrado RF, Fajardo AR. Vapor-induced polyelectrolyte complexation of chitosan/pectin: A promising strategy for the preparation of hydrogels for controlled drug delivery. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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8
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Nanocellulose-based nanogels for sustained drug delivery: Preparation, characterization and in vitro evaluation. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Díez-Pascual AM, Rahdar A. LbL Nano-Assemblies: A Versatile Tool for Biomedical and Healthcare Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:949. [PMID: 35335762 PMCID: PMC8954003 DOI: 10.3390/nano12060949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Polyelectrolytes (PEs) have been the aim of many research studies over the past years. PE films are prepared by the simple and versatile layer-by-layer (LbL) approach using alternating assemblies of polymer pairs involving a polyanion and a polycation. The adsorption of the alternating PE multiple layers is driven by different forces (i.e., electrostatic interactions, H-bonding, charge transfer interactions, hydrophobic forces, etc.), which enable an accurate control over the physical properties of the film (i.e., thickness at the nanoscale and morphology). These PE nano-assemblies have a wide range of biomedical and healthcare applications, including drug delivery, protein delivery, tissue engineering, wound healing, and so forth. This review provides a concise overview of the most outstanding research on the design and fabrication of PE nanofilms. Their nanostructures, molecular interactions with biomolecules, and applications in the biomedical field are briefly discussed. Finally, the perspectives of further research directions in the development of LbL nano-assemblies for healthcare and medical applications are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M. Díez-Pascual
- Universidad de Alcalá, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.6, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Abbas Rahdar
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol, Zabol 538-98615, Iran;
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Gao J, Zhan QW, Tang Z, Huang Y. The critical Transition from Soluble Complexes to Colloidal Aggregates of Polyelectrolyte Complexes at Non-stoichiometric Charge Ratios. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2100880. [PMID: 35066951 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The transition from soluble to colloidal polyelectrolyte complex normally occurs at a critical non-stoichiometric charge ratio. Here, we demonstrated that the conventional batch mixing produces heterogeneous binding and complexation, which could easily mask this soluble-colloidal complex transition (sol-col transition) even for weakly binding polyelectrolytes like polyacrylic acid (PAA) and poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC). When mixed efficiently using multi-inlet vortex mixer (MIVM), the sol-col transition occurs beyond a critical charge ratio (n-/n+) and the large colloidal complexes are formed through the aggregation of small primary complexes (as revealed by atomic force microscopy). Moreover, the sol-col transition occurs at a constant charge ratio below the overlapping concentration (c*) of the long host polyelectrolyte, but at lower charge ratios above c* due to chain entanglement. When adding NaCl to the solution, the sol-col transition charge ratio first decreases, then remained stable for a period and finally increased and vanished at high ionic strength. When replacing NaCl with chaotropic salts, the sol-col transition occurs at lower charge ratios, while kosmotropes had little impact. The solvent quality and polymer hydrophobicity effects are also discussed. With the assistance of rapid mixing, this study provides a more reliable way of studying the sol-col transition of polyelectrolyte complexes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Gao
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Qiang-Wei Zhan
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Ziyao Tang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Yan Huang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
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Mehan S, Herrmann L, Chapel JP, Jestin J, Berret JF, Cousin F. The desalting/salting pathway: a route to form metastable aggregates with tuneable morphologies and lifetimes. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:8496-8505. [PMID: 34474458 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00260k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the formation/re-dissociation mechanisms of hybrid complexes made from negatively charged PAA2k coated γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles (NP) and positively charged polycations (PDADMAC) in aqueous solution in the regime of very high ionic strength (I). When the building blocks are mixed at large ionic strength (1 M NH4Cl), the electrostatic interaction is screened and complexation does not occur. If the ionic strength is then lowered down to a targeted ionic strength Itarget, there is a critical threshold Ic = 0.62 M at which complexation occurs, that is independent of the charge ratio Z and the pathway used to reduce salinity (drop-by-drop mixing or fast mixing). If salt is added back up to 1 M, the transition is not reversible and persistent out-of-equilibrium aggregates are formed. The lifetimes of such aggregates depends on Itarget: the closer Itarget to Ic is, the more difficult it is to dissolve the aggregates. Such peculiar behavior is driven by the inner structure of the complexes that are formed after desalting. When Itarget is far below Ic, strong electrostatic interactions induce the formation of dense, compact and frozen aggregates. Such aggregates can only poorly reorganize further on with time, which makes their dissolution upon resalting almost reversible. Conversely, when Itarget is close to Ic more open aggregates are formed due to weaker electrostatic interactions upon desalting. The system can thus rearrange with time to lower its free energy and reach more stable out-of-equilibrium states which are very difficult to dissociate back upon resalting, even at very high ionic strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Mehan
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France.
| | - Laure Herrmann
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Matière et systèmes complexes, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Paul Chapel
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal (CRPP), UMR CNRS 5031, Université de Bordeaux, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Jacques Jestin
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France.
| | | | - Fabrice Cousin
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France.
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Mariano M, Souza SF, Borges AC, do Nascimento DM, Bernardes JS. Tailoring strength of nanocellulose foams by electrostatic complexation. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 256:117547. [PMID: 33483055 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular assembly of biobased components in water is a promising strategy to construct advanced materials. Herein, electrostatic complexation was used to prepare wet-resilient foams with improved mechanical property. Small-angle X-ray scattering and cryo-transmission electron microscopy experiments showed that suspensions with oppositely charged cellulose nanofibers are a mixture of clusters and networks of entangled fibers. The balance between these structures governs the colloidal stability and the rheological behavior of CNFs in water. Foams prepared from suspensions exhibited maximum compressive modulus at the mass composition of 1:1 (ca 0.12 MPa), suggesting that meaningful attractive interactions happen at this point and act as stiffening structure in the material. Besides the electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic contacts may also occur within the clustering, improving the water stability of cationic foams. These results may provide a basis for the development of robust all- cellulose materials prepared in water, with nontoxic chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Mariano
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), P.O. Box 6192, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Sivoney F Souza
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), P.O. Box 6192, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Antônio C Borges
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), P.O. Box 6192, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Diego M do Nascimento
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), P.O. Box 6192, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Juliana S Bernardes
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), P.O. Box 6192, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil; Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André, SP, 09210-580, Brazil.
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13
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Naas C, Scheler U, Lappan U. Influence of pH on the Growth and the Local Dynamics of Polyelectrolyte Multilayers. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Naas
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e. V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ulrich Scheler
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e. V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Uwe Lappan
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e. V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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Facchine EG, Bai L, Rojas OJ, Khan SA. Associative structures formed from cellulose nanofibrils and nanochitins are pH-responsive and exhibit tunable rheology. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 588:232-241. [PMID: 33401050 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Nanocellulose and nanochitin are both biobased materials with complementary structures and properties. Both exhibit pH-dependent surface charges which are opposite in sign. Hence, it should be possible to manipulate them to form complexed structures via ionic bond formation at prescribed pH conditions. EXPERIMENT Nanocellulose and nanochitin were mixed after exposure to acidic or neutral conditions to influence their ionization state. The heat of interaction during the introduction of nanochitin to nanocellulose was monitored via isothermal titration calorimetry. The strength and gel properties of the resulting structures were characterized via rheological measurement. FINDINGS The resultant gel properties in the designed hybrid systems were found to depend directly on the charge state of the starting materials, which was dictated by pH adjustment. Different interparticle interactions including ionic attraction, hydrophobic associations, and physical entanglement were identified in the systems and the influence of each was elucidated for different conditions of pH, concentration, and ratio of nanochitin to nanocellulose. Hydrophobic associations between neutralized nanochitin particles were found to contribute strongly to increased elastic modulus values. Ionic complex formation was found to provide enhanced stability under broader pH conditions, while physical entanglement of cellulose nanofibers was a substantial thickening mechanism in all systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily G Facchine
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Long Bai
- Department of Byproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland; Bioproducts Institute, Departments of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chemistry and Wood Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Orlando J Rojas
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Department of Byproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland; Bioproducts Institute, Departments of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chemistry and Wood Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
| | - Saad A Khan
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
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15
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Lactoferrin coated or conjugated nanomaterials as an active targeting approach in nanomedicine. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 167:1527-1543. [PMID: 33212102 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.11.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A successful drug delivery to a specific site relies on two essential factors including; efficient entrapment of the drug within the carrier and successful delivery of drug- loaded nanocarrier to the target site without opsonisation or drug release in the circulation before reaching the organ of interest. Lactoferrin (LF) is a glycoprotein belonging to the transferrin (TF) family which can bind to TF receptors (TFRs) and LF membrane internalization receptors (LFRs) highly expressed on the cell surface of both highly proliferating cancer cells and blood brain barrier (BBB), which in turn can facilitate its accessibility to the cell nucleus. This merit could be exploited to develop actively targeted drug delivery systems that can easily cross the BBB or internalize into tumor cells. In this review, the most recent advances of utilizing LF as an active targeting ligand for different types of nanocarriers including: inorganic nanoparticles, dendrimers, synthetic biodegradable polymers, lipid nanocarriers, natural polymers, and nanoemulstions will be highlighted. Collectively, LF seems to be a promising targeting ligand in the field of nanomedicine.
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Hamad A, Suriyarak S, Devahastin S, Borompichaichartkul C. A novel approach to develop spray-dried encapsulated curcumin powder from oil-in-water emulsions stabilized by combined surfactants and chitosan. J Food Sci 2020; 85:3874-3884. [PMID: 33067839 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a novel approach to prepare spray-dried encapsulated curcumin powder was investigated. The effects of surfactants viz. Tween 80 (at 0.25 to 0.75% wt) and lecithin (at 1% wt) and of a stabilizer viz. chitosan (at 0 to 0.375% wt) on the characteristics of curcumin-based emulsions as well as on physicochemical properties of the resulting spray-dried encapsulated powder were determined. The optimal emulsion was noted to be the one formulated with 0.50 and 0.25% wt, respectively, of Tween 80 and chitosan (T0.50/C0.25). Spray-dried powder prepared from the optimal emulsion was compared to that prepared from an emulsion with 0.5% Tween 80 and 0% chitosan (T0.50/C0.00), as well as that from an emulsion with 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.25% chitosan (T0.25/C0.25). Physical properties of all powders were not significantly different. However, the encapsulation efficiency of T0.50/C0.25 powder (72.28%) was significantly higher than those of T0.50/C0.00 (47.19%) and T0.25/C0.25 powder (51.61%). Ferric reducing antioxidant powers of T0.50/C0.25 and T0.25/C0.25 powders were comparable but significantly higher than that of T0.50/C0.00 powder. After reconstitution, the mean particle sizes of T0.50/C0.25 and T0.25/C0.25 remained unchanged due to the protection by chitosan. T0.50/C0.00 powder was noted to exhibit the highest bioaccessibility (89.32%) in the simulated gastrointestinal tract. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The results of this study can be used as a guideline to develop a stable formulation of curcumin feed emulsion that can later be transformed into an encapsulated powdery form via spray drying. Such a guideline should prove useful for a company looking for a way to produce high-quality functional ingredients and/or products from curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alwani Hamad
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto, Banyumas, Central Java, 53182, Indonesia
| | - Sarisa Suriyarak
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.,Emerging Process for Food Functionality Design (EPFFD) Research Unit, Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Sakamon Devahastin
- Advanced Food Processing Research Laboratory, Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10140, Thailand
| | - Chaleeda Borompichaichartkul
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.,Emerging Process for Food Functionality Design (EPFFD) Research Unit, Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
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